Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Daniel E. Morse
Biological
inspiration:
Living organisms
make remarkable
nanostructures of
silica Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies
Army-Industry Collaboration Conference
February 8-9, 2011
Sponges make skeletons
of nanostructured silica
Silicateins enzymatically catalyze and
template the synthesis of silica fibers
- at low temperature
Lightweight,
Higher Power
Safe
Lithium-Ion
Batteries 2007
Hybrid
electric
Low-cost Tesla
Solar Energy
Discovered Molecular
Mechanism of Biological
Nanofabrication of Silica
Infrared
detectors
for Medical
Translated to New Bio-inspired,
Low-temperature, Low-Cost Diagnosis
Synthesis of Nanostructured
Semiconductor Thin-films and
Nanoparticles High-resolution 3-
- Generic; >50 Semiconductors D Medical
- Novel Structures;
Ultrasound,
Uniquely Useful Properties
High-power,
High Energy-Density,
Safe
Li-ion Batteries
Catalytic Growth of Nanocrystalline Tin in Graphite
Yields Exceptionally High Power Anode
Kinetically controlled catalytic synthesis grows Sn nanocrystals in situ, inside the pores of
the compliant, conductive carbon matrix of graphite
Gentle,
low-temperature
catalysis retains
crystallinity and porosity
of graphite !
t
discharge at 50 C 300
Graphite alone
200
Fully reversible! High Power 100 High Energy
0
0 5 10 15 20
Cycle number
The Value of High Power:
Present
commercial
Graphite
Carbon Nanotube-based Nanocomposites
Recently discovered new form of matter. Highly conductive; cost-competitive; freedom from
monopoly on strategic natural resource , but: very difficult to mix with metals or metal
oxides to form good anodes or cathodes.
Form nanocomposite
precursor
Catalysis
Desired CNT-based
High-Power
Nanocomposite
Disperse uniformly in
Anodes & Cathodes
solution with metal or
metal oxide precursor
Catalytic growth of metal nanocrystals inside the conductive
and resilient matrix of dispersed carbon nanotubes
800
Capacity (mAh/g)
600 High-Energy Nanocomposite
400
200
CNTs alone
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Cycle number
! Sn !
Intensity (a.u.)
!
! !!
!! !
!
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
2!
Calculated performance of CEEM s High-Power
and High-Energy Anodes in combination with
commercial LiFePO4 cathode:
40% more
energy
10x more
power !
Catalytic Synthesis of CNT-based Nanocomposite Cathode:
High Crystallinity and Unparalleled Mixing
High Power, High Voltage CNT-based Nanocomposite Cathode
96% retention of original capacity after discharge at 10 C
>80% capacity retention at the exceptionally high rate of 20 C
Full recovery after complete discharge at 50C
Voltage( V vs. Li/Li+)
1st
4.5 2nd
4.2
3.9
3.6
3.3
3.0
0 50 100 150 200
Capacity (mAh/g)
Safe High Energy Storage:
Protection Against Overheating and Fire
BaSrTiO3 nanocrystalline ceramic Electrophoretic
coatings for electrodes or current deposition and double-
collectors for explosion-proof annealing of BaSrTiO3
rechargeable Li-ion batteries
nanocrystals yields
Very fine grain BaSrTiO3 smooth, uncracked films
nanocrystalline ceramic
Protection results from unique
Positive Thermal Coefficient of
with low initial
resistivity, lower Tc, and
Resistance:
strong PTCR protection:
4.0x108
Experimental
Fit
3.0x108
Resistance (Ohm)
1.0x108 Tc = 130 oC
Tc = 52 oC
0.0
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0
T (oC)
2.5 µm
2 kg/batch
1-2 Kg Batch
BaTiO3
catalyst precursor