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Low Noise Balanced Microphone Preamp Using TL071 IC

This is a simple design circuit which has very low noise, close to the theoretical minimum, high
hum rejection and variable gain with a single rotary pot. The circuit design consists of
differential compound pairs of transistors with a common mode (floating) gain control
connecting the emitters of the pair. The compound pairs of 2N4403 and BC549s are far more
linear than any single transistor. The circuit is differential in and out and therefore requires a
balanced to unbalanced buffer to give suitable output for the next signal stages of a channel in a
mixing desk. This is provided by a high performance op-amp differential gain stage, which can
be a TL071 or similar IC of your choice. The stage has a gain of six or 15 dB and that sets the
maximum input level at about 1.5 volts rms before clipping. This equals an SPL of over 150dB
with a typical microphone. This is a figure of complete design for the circuit.

The operation of the circuit is input stage is configured for least noise and this has meant a non
IC approach. There are some special ICs that can be used for microphone pre-amps, they contain
a circuit like this one except fabricated on one chip. Components should all be readily available
except for the 10 k ohm pot for the gain control. This needs to be a reverse log taper - or else use
a multi-position switch with 6 dB gain steps covering the 60 dB range of the circuit. Make sure it
is make before break. The +/-15 Volt power supply is important too, it must be regulated and low
noise. If the usual voltage regulator ICs are used I recommend fitting a post filter consisting of a
10 ohm resistor and a 470 uF capacitor to remove any noise generated in the ICs.

Good quality components should be used with metal film resistors in the collectors and emitters
of the input pairs for least noise. Where a resistor has significant DC voltage imposed on it in
high gain circuits always use low noise types. Metal film resistors are about the best only
bettered by wire wound which is a bit impractical. Avoid metal glaze, and very old carbon
composition types. Also avoid bead tantalum capacitors, as they go leaky and crackle. They are
just about the most fragile electronic components made. The 100nF capacitor (C6) should be
mounted as close as possible to the op-amp supply pins - a ceramic cap is recommended for best
bypass performance at high.

TL071
Low-Noise JFet-input Operational Amplifier

Other names for this product: TL 071,

Courtesy/Thanks to:
Description: The JFET-input operational amplifiers in the TL07_ series are designed as low-
noise versions of the TL08_
series amplifiers with low input bias and offset currents and fast slew rate. The low harmonic
distortion and low
noise make the TL07_ series ideally suited for high-fidelity and audio preamplifier applications.
Each amplifier
features JFET inputs (for high input impedance) coupled with bipolar output stages integrated on
a single
monolithic chip.
The C-suffix devices are characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C. The I-suffix devices are
characterized
for operation from –40°C to 85°C. The M-suffix devices are characterized for operation over the
full military
temperature range of –55°C to 125°C.
 7809
7809 is a voltage regulator integrated circuit(IC) which is widely used in electronic circuits.
Voltage regulator circuit can be manually built using parts available in the market but it will take
a lot of time to assemble those parts on a PCB. Secondly, the cost of those parts is almost equal
to the price of 7809 itself so professionals usually prefer to use 7809 IC instead of making a
voltage regulator circuit from scratch. Before you start using 7809, you will need to know about
the pin structure of IC 7809. Apparently, it looks like a transistor. It has three pins. For a better
understanding, I have given an image of 7809 bellow. Please take a look.
You can easily see the V in and V out pins as well as the ground pin. It is really easy to use 7809
for voltage regulation purposes. I have also included a circuit diagram of 7809 so that you may
learn how to use it in a circuit diagram.

7809 Pins
It is wise to use two .1uF capacitors on both input and output sides to filter any ripple or
distortion in voltage but it is not necessary. In the image, you can see that 12V are being supplied
on the input side of 7809 but the out put side of 7809 is outputting Regulated 9V. As long as the
input voltage remains above 9V, output voltage of 7809 will remain smooth and regulated.
Please note that input voltage of 7809 can be up to 23V but under my experience, it is wise to
avoid input over 15V. 7809 is claimed to output 9V and almost 1.5A Current but again, I have
experienced that we should not put a load over 9V and 1A on it. Since we are using it in power
supply, the transfer of power will result in heat output. We will need to use a heat sink with 7809
otherwise this heat can damage it. It is advised to use a 1A fuse on the output side of 7809 and a
1.5A fuse on the input side of 7809 to avoid damage in case of short circuit.
7809 Circuit Diagram

Image shown is for reference only.

Other pin/package combinations may be available.

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Datasheet

• 16-, 14-, 12-Bit, 6-Channel, Simultaneous Sampling Analog-to-

Digital Converters (Rev. A) (PDF 857 KB)
19 Aug 2009
 • View all technical documents (15)

Diagrams

Functional Diagram

Description
The ADS8556/7/8 contain six low-power, 16-, 14-, or 12-bit, successive approximation register
(SAR) based analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) with true bipolar inputs. Each channel contains
a sample-and-hold circuit that allows simultaneous high-speed multi-channel signal acquisition.
The ADS8556/7/8 support data rates of up to 730kSPS in parallel interface mode or up to
500kSPS if the serial interface is used. The bus width of the parallel interface can be set to eight
or 16 bits. In serial mode, up to three output channels can be activated.
The ADS8556/7/8 is specified over the full industrial temperature range of -40°C to +125°C and
is available in an LQFP-64 package.
Features
• Family of 16-, 14-, 12-Bit, Pin- and Software-Compatible ADCs
• Six SAR ADCs Grouped in Three Pairs
• Maximum Data Rate Per Channel with Internal Conversion Clock and
Reference:
ADS8556: 630kSPS (PAR) or 450kSPS (SER)
ADS8557: 670kSPS (PAR) or 470kSPS (SER)
ADS8558: 730kSPS (PAR) or 500kSPS (SER)
• Maximum Data Rate with External Conversion Clock and Reference:
800kSPS (PAR) or 530kSPS (SER)
• Pin-Selectable or Programmable Input Voltage Ranges: Up to ±12V
• Excellent Signal-to-Noise Performance:
91.5dB (ADS8556)
85dB (ADS8557)
73.9dB (ADS8558)
 • Programmable and Buffered Internal Reference: 0.5V to 2.5V and 0.5V to
3.0V
• Comprehensive Power-Down Modes:
Deep Power-Down (Standby Mode)
Partial Power-Down
Auto-Nap Power-Down
• Selectable Parallel or Serial Interface
• Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C
• LQFP-64 Package
• APPLICATIONS
○ Power Quality Measurement
○ Protection Relays
○ Multi-Axis Motor Control
○ Programmable Logic Controllers
○ Industrial Data Acquisition
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Parametrics
ADS8556 ADS8557 ADS8558

Resolution(Bits) 16 14 12

Sample Rate (max) 630kSPS 670kSPS 730kSPS

# Input Channels 6 6 6

Parallel, Serial SPI Parallel, Serial SPI Parallel, Serial SPI

Interface
Interface Interface Interface

INL(Max)(+/-LSB) 4 1 0.75

SNR(dB) 91.5 85 73.9

Power Consumption(Typ)
251.7 253.2 262.2
(mW)

Architecture SAR SAR SAR

Analog Voltage
4.5 4.5 4.5
AV/DD(Min)(V)

Analog Voltage
5.5 5.5 5.5
AV/DD(Max)(V)

-40 to
Operating Temperature
-40 to 125 -40 to 125 1635
Range(°C)
125

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* Suggested Resale Price per unit (USD) for BUDGETARY USE ONLY. For higher volume
price quotes,prices in local currency or delivery quotes, please contact your local Texas
Instruments Sales Office or Authorized Distributor.
CAD Symbols & Footprints

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Part #
Pins s

ADS8556IP LQFP (PM) |

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M 64

ADS8556IP LQFP (PM) |

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MR 64

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REFERENCE