INDEX

list of figure ................................................................................................................................................................................ 2

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Specifications ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4
Infrared light ............................................................................................................................................................................. 4
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS .............................................................................................................................................. 5
Electrical resistance ........................................................................................................................................................... 5
Types of resistors........................................................................................................................................................... 5
Method of calculating the resistors ........................................................................................................................ 6
Diode ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
Types of diodes ............................................................................................................................................................... 7
Infrared light-emitting diode (LED)............................................................................................................................ 8
A capacitor ............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
transistors.............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
integrated circuit(ic) ......................................................................................................................................................... 9
Buzzer ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Switch .................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Simple circuit........................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 14(simple circuit) ................................................................................................................................................. 10
Complex circle......................................................................................................................................................................... 11
1- receiver ............................................................................................................................................................................ 11
2- transmitter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11
COMPONENTS and Costing .............................................................................................................................................. 12
 LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 1(infrared alarm ) ..................................................................................... 3

Figure 3(FIXED RESISTANCE) ........................................................................... 5

Figure 2(resistance) ................................................................................................ 5

Figure 4(change resistan) .................................................................................... 6

FIGURE 5(METHOD OF CALCULATING THE RESISTORS..................... 6

Figure 7(types of diodes) ..................................................................................... 7

Figure 6(Diode) ......................................................................................................... 7

Figure 8(led) ................................................................................................................ 8

Figure 9(capacitor) .................................................................................................. 8

Figure 10(transistors) ............................................................................................ 8

Figure 11(ic) ................................................................................................................ 9

Figure 12(buzzer) ..................................................................................................... 9

Figure 13(switch) ...................................................................................................10

Figure 14(simple circuit) ....................................................................................10

Figure 15(receiver)................................................................................................11

Figure 16(transmitter) ........................................................................................11

 INTRODUCTION

This infrared alarm can be used to detect persons passing through doorways, corridors and small
gates. The transmitter emits a beam of infrared light which is invisible to the human eye. The
buzzer at the output of the receiver is activated when the light beam is interrupted by a person
passing through it

Figure 1(infrared alarm )

 SPECIFICATIONS

• audible and visible alert

• range: 1 to 4m (3.3ft to 13ft)
• on/off switch provided
• power supply:
o transmitter: 9VDC / 50mA max.
o receiver: 9VDC / 20mA max.
o 9V battery holder and adapter jack included
• dimensions:
o transmitter: 55 x 40mm / 2.2 x 1.6"
o receiver: 100 x 50mm / 3.9 x 2.0"
• not recommended for outdoor use

INFRARED LIGHT

Infrared (IR) light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength longer than that of visible light,
measured from the nominal edge of visible red light at 0.7 micrometres, and extending
conventionally to 300 micrometres. These wavelengths correspond to a frequency range of
approximately 430 to 1 THz,
 ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE

The electrical resistance of an electrical element measures its opposition to

the passage of an electric current; the inverse quantity is electrical
conductance, measuring how easily electricity flows along a certain path.
Electrical resistance shares some conceptual parallels with the mechanical
notion of friction. The SI unit of electrical resistance is the ohm (Ω),
Figure 2(resistance)

TYPES OF RESISTORS

1- FIXED RESISTANCE

Figure 3(FIXED RESISTANCE)

2-CHANGE RESISTAN

Figure 4(change resistan)

METHOD OF CALCULATING THE RESISTORS

FIGURE 5(METHOD OF CALCULATING THE RESISTORS

 DIODE

is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts

electric current in only one direction.

Figure 6(Diode)

TYPES OF DIODES

Figure 7(types of diodes)

 INFRARED LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE (LED)

is a type of electronic device that emits infrared

light not visible to the naked eye.

An infrared LED operates like a regular LED, but

may use different materials to produce infrared
light.

Figure 8(led)

A CAPACITOR

is a device for storing electric charge

Figure 9(capacitor)

TRANSISTORS

is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch

electronic signals. It is made of a solid piece of
semiconductor material, with at least three terminals for
connection to an external circuit

Figure 10(transistors)
 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT(IC)

Is A miniature electronic
circuit And contain thousands
of electronic components can
be very precise, such as
transistors, resistors and
capacitors that links together
electronic circuits to be
integrated

Figure 11(ic)

BUZZER

Source of the voice

Figure 12(buzzer)
 SWITCH

is an electrical component that can

break an electrical circuit, interrupting
the current or diverting it from one
conductor to another

Figure 13(switch)

SIMPLE CIRCUIT

Figure 14(simple circuit)

COMPLEX CIRCLE

1- RECEIVER

Figure 15(receiver)

2- TRANSMITTER

Figure 16(transmitter)
 COMPONENTS AND COSTING

COMPONENT Cost total

1 19 Resistor 0.05E.L 1 E.L

2 4 Diode(1N4007) 0.25 E.L 1 E.L

3 4 Ceramic Capacitors 0.25 E.L 1 E.L

4 1 Capacitor ..1000u16v 0.50 E.L 0.5 E.L

5 2 Capacitor ..1000u50v 1.25 E.l 2.50 E.l

6 4 Transistors (BC547) 0.25 E.L 1 E.L

7 1 IC Socket 14pin 0.50 E.l 0.50 E.l

8 1 Small Buzzer 5 E.L 5 E.L

9 2 switch ON/OFF 3 E.L 6 E.L

10 3 LED 0.50 E.l 1.50 E.l