ÆvwihgurU jI kI Pqih]

AkwlI kOr isMG jI – dsm gRMQ bwry

AmrjIq isMG Kosw

pMjwbI XUnIvristI pitAwlw v`loN 1979 eI: ivc AkwlI kOr isMG (jIvn, ivAkqqÍ qy swihq rcnw)
bwry ihMmq isMG duAwrw ilKI pusqk muqwbk 1886eI:-1953eI: aunHW dw jIvn kwl bxdw hY, pr ‘gur
Sbd rqn pRkwS’ quk qqkrw sRI gurU gRMQ swihb, iqAwr krky pMQk syvw kwrn auh sdw leI Amr
ho gey, hwlW ik ieh qqkrw nkl krky A`j k`l hor vI keI qrIikAW nwl auplbD hY[hor bhuq
swrIAW rcnwvW qoN ibnW, ies qoN dUjy nMbr qy aunHW dI rcnw hY ‘iesqRI sMkt mocn’ jo ik 360 sPy dI
vfAwkwrI rcnw hY qy iesdy ilKx dw mu`F AkwlI jI dy dsm gRMQ swihb qy Kws krky ‘cirqRo-
pwKXwn’ dw AiDAYn krky b`Jw sI[swrI aumr auh bwl ivAwh dy ivroD Aqy punr ivAwh dy h`k
ivc f`ty rhy[aunHW dw pMQk jIvn dyKdy hoey BweI kwnH isMG nwBw ny mhwn koS dy pM: 692 aupr nwnk
pMQI isrlyK ADIn ic`qR pRkwSq kIqw hoieAw hY[

ihMmq isMG jI pM:6 qy ilKdy hn--hoxhwr qy cqur bu`DI vwly bwlk nUM smyN dy iek pRis`D ivdvwn
bzurg mhW isMG pws ividAw pRwpqI leI C`f id`qw[ieQy gurbwxI, Aqy gurmiq dI guVqI imlI ijsny
bwAd ivc pSOr dy pRis`D ivdvwn igAwnI bwG isMG jI dI sMgq ivc hor pRPulq hoxw sI[mhW isMG
ny ij`Qy sMsikRq qy ibRj BwSw pVHweI auQy nwl hI cikqsw dw igAwn vI pUrn isMG (pihlw nwm) nUM
id`qw[ies qoN ielwvw sRI gurU gRMQ swihb qy dsm gRMQ swihb dw pwT isKwieAw[

1904eI: smyN dy ipSwvr ivKy AkwlI jI dy idnW dw izkr sR. pRym isMG jI hoqI ieauN krdy hn:-
“Awp dy pihly drSn lyKk nUM 1904 eI: ivc ipSwvr hoey>>>ies smyN Awp nMU sRI dsmyS jI dI
bwxI muK-Awgr kMT krn dI qIbr lgn l`gI hoeI sI[Ajy Awp sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dI bwxI dI
kQw srl FMg nwl nhIN sn kr skdy, hW KVHo ky viKXwn duAwrw, is`KI dI rihxI bihxI dI aucqw,
Aqy AnmqIAW dIAW rIqW rsmW dw KMfn, gurbwxI dy hvwly dyky bVIAW aukqIAW XukqIAW nwl cMgy
F`ukvyN SbdW ivc inbwh lYNdy sn[>>>bwxI pVHn dw AiBAws pUrn isMG jI ny eynI SrDw qy lgn
nwl kIqw ik sRI gurU gMRQ swihb Aqy dsm gRMQ zbwnI Xwd ho gey[pM:10

kwbl ivc vwprI dUjI swhs pUrn Gtnw sMn 1931eI: dI hY[kwbl dw bwdSwh Amwnaulw KW XUrp dy
dOry dOrwn pCmI lokW dI Skl sUrq qy ilbws qoN iek dm pRBwvq ho igAw sI Aqy auhny ies p`CmI
s`iBAqw dI nkl vjoN swry APgwn invwsIAW nUM mUMh Aqy isr dy vwl muMnwx qy isr aupr p`g dI QW
topI pihnx dw hukm suxw id`qw[ieslwm dI snwqnI ibrqI Anuswr ivcrn vwly muslmwn Aqy
lMmIAW dwVHIAW vwly mOlvI ies AwdyS qoN fr gey Aqy Aijhy muslmwn is`KW vWg hI Dwrmk Dwrw dI
ies byAdbI vwly bwdSwhI Purmwn qoN duKI ho gey[AwdyS dI pwlxw zbrdsqI krvweI jwx l`g
peI[AkwlI jI nUM kwbl invwsI isMGW dI muSkl dw pqw l`gw qW auh pSOroN lwlpur (kwbl) phuMcy[
kwbl invwsI coxvyN isMGW nwl iml ky bwdSwhI AwdyS dw sikRX mukwblw kIqw[ies smyN idRVqw, h`T
Aqy dlyrI dI loV sI[bwvjUd qsIihAW, qS`dd Aqy zbr dy AkwlI jI ny Awpxy swQIAW smyq is`KI
srUp aupr AWc nw Awaux id`qI[ies ihMmq qy jUJ mrn dI audwhrx ny bwAd ivc mOlvIAW nUM vI
ihMmq id`qI Aqy auh vI ies AwdyS dy ivru`D lVy[dyS Br ivc bgwvq PYl geI Aqy bwdSwh dyS C`f
ky n`s igAw[pM:55

pMnw 79 pVHo iesqIR sMkt mocn bwry--AkwlI jI sB qoN pihlW ies swrI burweI dy muFly kwrn bwry
socdy hn Aqy ies inrxy aupr phuMcdy hn ik ies duKdweI hwlq dw mu`K kwrn swfw Dwrmk,

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dwrSink jW hor koeI ivrsw nhIN, sgoN ieh dSw smwjk, AwrQk Aqy rwjnIqk gulwmI dI ijlHx
ivcoN pYdw hoeI hY[AkwlI jI vyd, purwx, ismRqI, Drm SwsqR, drSn SwsqR, AMjIl, kurwn, gurbwxI
Aqy gur ieiqhws ivcoN tUkW dy ky is`D krdy hn ik AsIN auprokq ivrsy dI is`iKAw qoN ault Awpxy
suAwrQ dI Bu`K kwrn AOrq jwiq nUM Awpxy pwp dw BwgI bxw rhy hW[ieh isrP mrd dw suAwrQI,
zwlmwnw Aqy jwnvrI suBwv hY, ijs kwrn auhny AOrq nUM mzlUm bxw ky aus qoN kRIVw-ivnod Aqy
pwSivk Bu`K nUM iqRpq krn dw swDn bxwieAw hY, Aqy AMq ivc auhnUM ivDvwpn Aqy ivBcwr dy
AMnyHry ivc Dkyl idMdw hY[AkwlI kOr isMG jI dw iesqRI-auDwr dw ieh auprwlw invyklI BWq dw Aqy
swhspUrn sI[pMjwbI ivc Swied ies qoN pihlW koeI vI AijhI pusqk nhIN sI ilKI geI ijs ny
Kws qOr aupr ies ivSy nUM cuixAW hovy[smyN dy aus sMkIrx-smwj ivc Aijhy ivSy dI cox krnW bVI
zurAq BrpUr Aqy aucy ikrdwr vwlI SKsIAq dw hI kMm ho skdw sI[hwlWik ies sdI dI AMqlI
cOQweI lMG rhI hY, pr swfw smwj Ajy q`k aus mMzl aupr nhIN phuMc sikAw, ij`Qy mnu`K dI kudrqI
bxqr, ijs ivc AYNidRk iqRpqI dI Bu`K, Awid mnu`KI mn dIAW keI pRkwr dIAW Bu`KW dw shI shI A`qy
inrp`K jwiezw lYx dI Ku`lH pRwpq ho skI hovy[inrsMdyh pCmI smwj Aqy icMqn ies pihlU qoN swfy
nwloN ku`J ku A`gy jw cu`ky hn pr AsIN Ajy qIk iJjk, bnwautI swaUpn, buzidlI Aqy ihckcwht
kwrn byzurAqy hI qury iPrdy hW[AslIAq dw swhmxw krno kMnI kqrWdy hW[smwj dy gMdy AnsrW dI
bxweI hoeI zihrIlI DrqI qoN dUr n`s jwx ivc hI Blw smJdy hW[pr is`K Drm n`sx dI QW jUJx
dI pRyrnw idMdw hY qW ju hr g`l dw inrxw kudrqI kwnUMn, zurAq Aqy PrwKidlI, ivvyk Aqy
idAwnqdwrI nwl kIqw jw sky[so AkwlI jI ny jo zurAq d`sI hY, ies nwzk msly nUM Cohx dI, auh
aunHW nUM is`K Drm dI pwkIzgI Aqy qlKIAW Bry s`c dI zurAqmeI cIrPwV qoN pRwpq hoeI[auh Awp
ikrdwr dy DnI Aqy inrw kuMdn sn, qweIEN hr aus g`l nUM in`fr ho ky, s`c nUM, drswauNdy hn, ijs
s`c nUM AKOqI swaU lok pridAW ivc lukweI iPrdy hn[

pMnw 80 qy ilKdy hn--AkwlI kOr isMG jI pUrn qOr aupr iek pRmu`K gurmuKI srUp vwly gurU ky is`K
sn jo AwpxI imswl Awp sn[ikrdwr Aqy bol dI hlImI aunHW nUM sMq lokW dI sMgq Aqy SWqI puMj
gurbwxI dy suihrd AiDAYn qoN pwRpq hoeI[zurAq Aqy infrqw aunHW ny gurU goibMd isMG dy jlwl
BrpUr Aqy AxKIly ieiqhwsk ivrsy Aqy dsm gRMQ dI SkqISwlI bwxI dy AiDAYn qoN pRwpq hoeI[
inhMg isMGI pihnwvw Aqy srUp Dwrn krn nwl auh sihjy hI dsm-gRMQ nUM sMpUrn qOr aupr gur-
rcnw Aqy gurbwxI mMndy sn, ies g`loN aunHW dw inScw idRV sI[BwvyN AjokI Koj dsm gRMQ bwry iBMn
iBMn rwvW pRgt krdI hY, pr AkwlI jI iek At`l Aqy idRV rwey dy DnI sn, ifkfoly KWdy rihxw
aunHW dy nyVy nhIN sI F`ukdw[so inScy hI hY, ik dsm gRMQ dI rcnw ‘iqRAw cirqR’ nUM aunHW ny shI qrHW
idRV Aqy inJ`k ho ky vwicAw Aqy GoiKAw hovygw ijvyN ik dsm gRMQ dIAW hor bwxIAW nUM[‘iqRAw
cirqR’ rcnw ny iksy hd q`k aunHW nUM ieSwrqn iesqRI jwiq dI suBwivk bxqr dy AiDAYn v`l
pRyirAw hovygw[ijs zurAq Aqy bylwgpn nwl iqRAw cirqR ivc iek cnOqIAW Bry ienswnI msly nUM
CoihAw igAw hY, ausdI imswl BgqI swihq ivc ikDry nhIN imldI[ies zurAq dI AnUpm audwhrx
isrP is`K-Drm dI PrwK-idl Aqy dUr-AMdyS ipT-BUmI ivc augm skdI sI[

pMnw 143 aupr drz hY-- ipCly idnW ivc “Syry pMjwb lwhOr” dy iek prcy AMdr s. SmSyr isMG jI
ASok v`loN inkilAw hoieAw iek lyK dsm gRMQ swihb jI dy sbMD ivc dyiKAw hY ijs dy AMdr
ieqrwz jW svwl bhuq hn pr mYN ies lyK ivc iPlhwl iek hI ivSy pur ku`J ilKxw cwhuMdw hW,
ies leI ik ij`Qy pihly ieqrwz krn vwly keI s`jx ku`J bwxI dsm gRMQ swihb jI dI gurU rcnw
nhIN mMn rhy hn auQy mOjUdW BrwvW dy h`QW ivcoN bwkI rhI shI BI nw jWdI rhy, ikauNik ieqrwz qW
ikhVI cIz hY ijs pr nhIN ho skdw, jd r`b nUM “nhIN hY” swbq krn vwly iPlwsPr mOjUd hn iPr
hor iksI hoNd qoN mukrn ivc kI dyr l`g skdI hY?
(a) SRI mwn jI ny dsm gRMQ ivc gurU jI dI rcnw Awty ivc lUx dI qrHW ilK ky A`gy aus
bwxI dw nwm-pqw nhIN id`qw ik Awp iks iks pwT nUM gurU jI dI rcnw mMndy hn[loV hY
ik Awp aunHW pdW, SbdW Xw CMdW pRsMgW Xw rcnw dw pUrw pUrw Kulwsw pqw pRkwSq krn,

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 iks nUM auh gurU jI dI rcnw mMndy hn qy iks nUM kvIAW dI mMndy hn qW ky aus dy sbMD
ivc ku`J ikhw jw sky[
(A) Awp ny bicqR nwtk nUM kvI rwm-isAwm dI kivqw iliKAw hY, pr iesdw BI koeI sbUq
nhIN id`qw, ijs qoN Awp ny iesnUM kvIAW dI kivqw iliKAw hY[hwlWik Awp ieh BI
mMndy ho ik bicqR nwtk gurU jI dI rcnw khI jWdI hY[…srdwr swihb jI nUM ieh
BulyKw hor kQwvW qy bicqR nwtk ivc ausy qrHW l`gw hY, ijs qrHW sihj suBw A`gy iksI
ihMdU lyKk nUM Awid sRI gurU gMQ swihb jI dy ‘vwsdyv’, ‘ikRSn’, ‘rwm’, ‘kySv’ Aidk
nwm nUM pVHky inScy ho igAw sI ik gurU jI qW ihMdU AauqwrW dy aupwSk sn Xw iksI
eIsweI nUM Awid sRI gurU gRMQ swihb ivcoN ‘ibn Bjn eIsY’ qy dsm gRMQ ivcoN ‘sRI Askyq
jgq ky eIsw’ pVH ky inScy ho igAw ik gurU swihb pRBU eIsw (XsU) msIh dy aupwSk sn
Xw ijs qrHW iksI dyvI pUjk nUM dsm gRMQ pVHky ‘BgauqI’ Awid nwmw qoN smJ Aw geI
ik gurU jI BI dyvI aupwSk sn…
(B)
suxo vIr jI, iesdy gurU jI dI rcnw kihx dw ieh sbUq hY ik iesdy dUjy iDAwie ivc iliKAw

hY—Ab mY khoN su ApnI kQw[soFI bMs aupijAw jQw[(iDAwie 2-AMk 8)

Ab mY ApnI kQw bKwno[qpu swDq jYh ibD muih Awnhu[(iDAwie 6 AMk 29)

mY Apnw suq qoih invwjw[pMQ pRcr krby kau swjw[…

TWf BieE mY jor kr bcn kihE isr inAwie[pMQ clY qb jgq mY jb qum kro shwie[…
AQ kiv jnm kQnM]muripq pUrb kIAw ipAwnw[BWiq Bwiq ky qIrQ nwnw…qhI pRkwS hmwrw
BXo[ptny sYhr ivKY Bv lieE[…jb hm krm Drm mo Awey[dyv lok qb ipqw isDwey](iDAwie
7 AMk3) …rwj swj hm pr jb AwieE[jQw skq qb Drm clwieE[…dys cwl hm qy pun
BeI[sYhr pWvtw kI suD leI[…Pqh Swh kopw qb rwjw[loh prw hm isau ibn kwjw[(iDAwie8
AMk3)…eyho kvI jI A`gy jwky ilKdy hn bicqR nwtk ivc—jh jh ibD qn mn suD AweI[iqm
iqm khy gRMQ bnweI[pRQmy sq jug jh ibD lKw[pRQmy dyib cirqR kau khw[pYhly cMfI cirqR
bnwieE[nKiSK qy BRm BwK sunwieE[Pyr kQw qb pRQm sunweI[Ab cwhq iPr kro
bfweI[(iDAwie13)

ikauN jI, auh ikhVw kvI rwm-isAwm hY ijs dw bMs ‘soFI’ sI? auh ikhVw kvI sI ijsny hym
ku`t prbq pr qp`isAw kIqI qy ijsdy mwqw ipqw ny ‘AlK ArwDw’ bhu ibD jog swDnw krky?
auh ikhVw kvI sI ijsnUM Akwl purK ny PurmwieAw ik mY qYnUM Awpnw suq invwijAw hY qy pMQ
pRcwr krn nUM swijAw hY qy aus kvI dw ikhVw pMQ hY jo kvI qoN c`ilAw? A`gy ilKy lPzW ivc
ikhVy kvI dy jnm dw izkr hY? iks kvI dy ipqw ny ikQoN pUrb nUM iqAwry kIqy ikhVy kvI dy
ipqw ny qRbynI qy puMn dwn kridAW ku`J idn guzwry qy iPr ptny sYhr pu`j igAw? auh ikhVw kvI
hY ijsdw jnm ptny sYhr ivc hoieAw qy Pyr pMjwb v`l nUM ausnUM lY Awey? iksdy krm Drm ivc
Awaux qy hI auhnW dy ipqw jI dyv lok cly gey? sYhr pWvtw iksny suBwiemwn kIqw qy aus qy
Pqh Swh rwjw gusy ho igAw qy juD jMg hoey qy Pqih Swh iks kvI dy smy hoieAw?

myrw ivSvwS hY auprokq pRSnw dy auqr ivc koeI BI ivdvwn ieh nhIN kih skdw, qy jy khy
qd swbq nhIN kr skdw ik isvwey sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI dy hor koeI kvI hY[jy Awp dI jwcy hY
qd qusIN hTwrnY krky nhIN pr KojI bn ky swbq kro, nhIN qW Awpny auh lPz vwps lvo, jo
ies Bwv dy vrqy hn ik bicqR nwtk gurU jI dI rcnw nhIN, rwm-isAwm vgYrw kvIAW dI rcnw
hY[

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 AkwlI kOr isMG jI ny Awpxy nwl hor cwr isrmOr guris`KW 1.sMq qyjw isMG jI fbl AYm. ey.,
2.s.rxDIr isMG jI j`j, 3.s.BgvMq isMG hrI jI (nwBw), 4.igAwnI inrMjn isMG jI pitAwlw nUM
nwl rlw ky pRcwr jQw kwiem kIqw[ijs vyly AkwlI kOr isMG jI sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dw quk
qqkrw iqAwr kr rhy sn, TIk ausI smyN s.BgvMq isMG hrI jI dsm gRMQ swihb jI dw quk
qqkrw iqAwr kr rhy sn[sMq qyjw isMG jI dI pMQk syvw nUM kOx nhIN jwxdw[ieMnHW guris`KW dI
pMQk Gwl kmweI swhmxy dsm gRMQ aupr ikMqU krn vwly qyjw isMG BsOV qoN lYky, Bwg isMG
AMbwlw qy Ajoky AKOqI ivdvwnW qy pRoPYsrW dI kI hYsIAq hY?, qy aunHW dI ikhVI pMQk syvw nUM
dyKdy hoey, AkwlI jI horW dy pwskU vI igx leIey, auh Kud hI d`sx dI Kycl krn qW TIk hY[
AmrjIq isMG Kosw, 16.02.08

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