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Now a days, almost all electronic equipment include a circuit that converts
ac supply into dc supply. The part of equipment that converts ac into dc is
called DC power supply. In general at the input of the power supply there is
a power transformer. It is followed by a rectifier (a diode circuit)a smoothing
filter and then by a voltage regulator circuit.
.
The aim when designing a DC supply is of course to get an output voltage with
good stability.
A DC supply consists of the following parts:
1. A transformer to change the voltage as required and to isolate the DC circuit
from the line.
2. A rectifier consisting of one or more diodes, to change AC to DC.
3. A smoothing circuit using inductors and capacitors.
4. An electronic stabilizer which improves the stability of the voltage and/or
current.
WORKING:
To provide a useable low voltage the PSU needs to do a number of
things:-
Reduction of AC Mains
This is achieved by using a device known as a Transformer an
electromagnetic device consisting of an ferrous iron core which has a
large number of turns of wire wound around it, known as the Primary
Winding
The ends of these turns of wire being connected to the input voltage (in
this case Mains AC).
POWER BUTTON: This Button is used to On/Off the power supply. It is usually
present on the left bottom side in the power supply
OUTPUT ON/OFF BUTTON: This button let the output from the power supply
On or Off.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: