346 Volume 104 Issue 5

surfaces to achieve the desired centric 3. Lang BR, Razzoog ME. Lingualized integra- 12.Becker CM, Swoope CC, Guckes AD. Lin-
tion: Tooth molds and an occlusal scheme gualized occlusion for removable prosth-
and eccentric contacts (Fig. 9). Refine for edentulous implant patients. Implant odontics. J Prosthet Dent 1977;38:601-8.
the occlusal anatomy. Dent 1992;1:204-11. 13.Kelly E. Centric relation, centric occlusion
21. Perform a verified clinical re- 4. Ortman HR. Complete denture occlusion. In: and posterior tooth forms and arrange-
Use of a silicone transfer index to
prepare parallel guide planes
Winkler S, editor. Essentials of complete den- ment. J Prosthet Dent 1977; 37:5-11.
mount and repeat the process out- ture prosthodontics, vol 1. 2nd ed. St. Louis: 14.Javid NS, Porter MR. The importance of the
lined in step 20 above. Ishiyaku EuroAmerica; 1994. p. 217-29. Hanau formula in construction of complete
5. Gysi A. Special teeth for cross-bite cases. dentures. J Prosthet Dent 1975;34:397-
SUMMARY
Dent Digest 1927;33:167-71.
6. French FA. The problem of building
404.
15.Hanau RL. Full denture technique for Eva Niu, DDS, MS,a and Daler Tarrazzi, DDS, MSb
This article provides a brief over-
satisfactory dentures. J Prosthet Dent
1954;4:769-81.
Hanau Articulator Model H. 4 th ed. Buffalo:
Hanau Engineering; 1930. School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
7. Payne SH. A posterior set-up to meet
view of the development of lingualized individual requirements. Dent Digest Corresponding author:
occlusion and a technique that results 1941;47:20-2. Dr Robert Engelmeier Guide planes are vertically parallel into a quick-setting plaster. The resul- Mix Corp, Louisville, Ky).
in an occlusal scheme as intended by 8. Pound E. Personalized denture procedures. University of Pittsburgh School of Dental surfaces on abutment teeth oriented tant cast can be verified for parallel- 2. Survey the diagnostic cast us-
Anaheim: Denar Corp; 1973. p. 4. Medicine
the originators of this approach. 9. Pound E. Utilizing speech to simplify a per- Salk Hall, Room 2025 to contribute to the direction of the ism on the surveyor prior to making ing a surveyor (Ney Surveyor; Dent-
sonalized denture service. J Prosthet Dent 3501 Terrace St path of placement and removal of a re- definitive impressions.4 Techniques sply Ceramco, York, Pa) to complete
1970;24:586-600. Pittsburgh, PA 15261
REFERENCES 10.Ortman HR. The role of occlusion in Fax: 412-648-8850
movable partial denture (RPD).1 These involving the use of modeling plastic the definitive design of the RPD and
preservation and prevention in completed E-mail: rle14@pitt.edu surfaces seldom occur naturally and or preparation of acrylic resin require plan the position of the guide planes.
1. Parr GR, Loft GH. The occlusal spectrum
and complete dentures. Compend Contin
denture prosthodontics. J Prosthet Dent must be prepared in the enamel or on extra chair time. Clinicians find fabri- Transfer the alignments and locations
1971;25:121-38.
Educ Dent 1982; 3:241-50.
11.Murrell GA. The management of dif-
Copyright © 2010 by the Editorial Council for the restorations of abutment teeth.2 cating acrylic resin or modeling plastic of the guide planes to the sides of the
2. Parr GR, Ivanhoe JR. Lingualized occlu- The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
ficult lower dentures. J Prosthet Dent In 1954, Applegate commented impression compound jigs technique abutment teeth, both buccally and
sion: an occlusion for all reasons. Dent Clin
1974;32:243-50. that use of the dental surveyor is the sensitive. Both modeling plastic im- lingually. Leave the cast on the sur-
North Am 1996;40:103-12.
best method to prevent the occur- pression compounds and acrylic resins veyor table (Fig. 1, A).
rence of problems related to RPDs.3 are rigid; therefore, blocking out un- 3. Mix an adequate amount of
Noteworthy Abstracts of the Current Literature Guide planes function to: (1) provide dercuts on the diagnostic cast is neces- the base and catalyst of the silicone
a path of insertion for the prosthesis, sary before fabricating the jigs. The po- impression material (Sil-Tech; Ivoclar
Finite element stress analysis of dental prostheses supported by straight and angled aid in retention, stabilize the pros- lymerization shrinkage of acrylic resin Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein).
implants thesis against horizontally directed increases the concern that diagnostic Adapt the impression material to the
forces, and eliminate excessive stress casts will be fractured during fabrica- abutment teeth and at least one adja-
Cruz M, Wassall T, Toledo EM, da Silva Barra LP, Cruz S. on the abutment teeth; (2) ensure the tion of the jig. cent tooth.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2009;24:391-403. intended action of reciprocating, sta- This article describes a simple, 4. After the impression material
bilizing, and retentive components; straightforward technique involving the has polymerized, trim the silicone in-
Purpose: A three-dimensional finite element analysis was conducted to evaluate and compare the stress distribution and (3) eliminate food traps.4-8 use of a laboratory silicone material to dex carefully using a no. 25 blade (Car-
around two prosthesis-implant systems, in which implants were arranged in either a straight-line or an intrabone off- Although guide planes are consid- accurately transfer guide planes from a bon Steel Surgical Blade; Miltex, Inc,
set configuration. ered essential for RPDs, the preparation diagnostic cast to the mouth. Because York, Pa) until it is about 5 mm thick
of suitable guide planes on abutment of the flexibility and tear resistance of and has a flat, smooth surface (Fig. 1,
Materials and Methods: The systems were modeled with three titanium implants placed in the posterior mandible fol- teeth during the fabrication of RPDs silicone material, no tooth or soft tis- B). Transfer the marks drawn in step
lowing a straight line along the bone. The straight system was built with three straight implants (no offset). The angled is dependent on the ability of the clini- sue block-out on the diagnostic cast 2 to the buccal and lingual aspects of
system was built as follows: the first implant (mesial) was an angled implant inclined lingually, the second (median) cian.6 When multiple teeth are involved, is necessary. The risk of breaking or the silicone index, using an analyzing
was straight, and the third (distal) was another angled implant inclined buccally. This buccal incline created an intra- achieving parallelism between abut- marring the diagnostic cast during the rod. Connect these 2 lines occlusally,
bone implant offset owing to the inclination of the angled implants’ bodies. Each system received a metal-ceramic ment surfaces can be technically chal- jig fabrication procedure is eliminated. and then trim the index according to
prosthesis with crowns that mimicked premolar anatomy. In both systems, an axial load of 100 N and a horizontal lenging, especially in posterior regions. The silicone jigs can be adjusted easily the lines. Mark the tooth surface to be
load of 20 N were applied on the center of the crown of the middle implant. To accurately transfer the orien- for improved intraoral observation. The prepared on the silicone index with a
tation of guide planes from survey- color applied to the preparation surface permanent marker (Sharpie marking
Results: In both systems, the major von Mises stresses occurred with vertical loading on the mesial and the distal neck ing instruments intraorally, several of the jigs prevents tooth overreduction pen; Sanford Corp, Oak Brook, Ill) to
area of the first and third implants, respectively: 6.304 MPa on the first implant of the straight system and 6.173 MPa devices and techniques have been during clinical procedures. provide a clear color contrast to the
on the third implant in the angled system. The peak stress occurred for the minimum principal stress (S3) on the neck described. Some paralleling devices prepared tooth.
of the first implant for both systems at the level of -8.835 MPa for the straight system and -8.511 MPa for the angled have been shown to form exact guide PROCEDURE 5. Evaluate the jig intraorally dur-
system. There was no stress concentration on the inner or outer angles of the angled implants, on the notches along planes, but most of them are either ing the tooth modification appoint-
the implant body, or on any apex. too expensive or complicated for 1. Fabricate a diagnostic cast of the ment. Prepare guide planes using a
practical use.9 Carr et al5 suggested partially edentulous patient using ISO parallel-sided diamond rotary cutting
Conclusions: In this analysis, the angled system did not induce a stress concentration in any point around the im- making an impression which is poured type III gypsum (Microstone; Whip instrument (FG575; KerrHawe SA,
plants that was different from that of the straight system. The stress distribution was very similar in both systems.
Clinical Lecturer, Department of Biologic and Materials Science, Division of Prosthodontics.
a

Reprinted with permission of Quintessence Publishing. Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Biologic and Materials Science, Division of Prosthodontics.
b

(J Prosthet Dent 2010;104:347-348)

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Phoenix and Engelmeier Niu and Tarrazzi
348
A of insertion for stability. J Prosthet Dent
B M. A laboratory investigation of the role
1 A, Transfer locations of guide planes on buccal and
lingual surfaces of abutment teeth using analyzing rod.
B, Transfer lines drawn on buccal and lingual aspects of
abutments to trimmed silicone index.
2 Silicone preparation index placed intraorally for tooth
modification.
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The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
Volume 104 Issue 5
Bioggio, Switzerland). Realign the prep-
aration angle if it is observed that one
side of the black mark on the prepared
surface has been cut away (Fig. 2).
REFERENCES
1. The glossary of prosthodontic terms. J
Prosthet Dent 2005; 94:42.
2. Krikos AA. Preparing guide planes for
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importance of guiding planes and path
1997;78:412-8.
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as an aid to parallel guiding plane prepara-
tion. J Prosthet Dent 2008;99:162-4.
5. Carr AB, McGivney GP, Brown DT. Mc-
Cracken’s removable partial prosthodontics.
11th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2004. p. 155.
6. Stern WJ. Guiding planes in clasp recip-
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tani H, Igarashi Y. Influence of removable
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8. Ali M, Waters NE, Nairn RI, West F, Sherriff
of guide planes in the retention of cast
cobalt-chromium alloy partial denture
frameworks. J Dent 2001;29:291-9.
9. Jochen DG. Achieving planned parallel
guiding planes for removable partial den-
tures. J Prosthet Dent 1972; 27:654-61.
Corresponding author:
Dr Eva Niu
Department of Biologic and Materials Science
Division of Prosthodontics
The University of Michigan, School of
Dentistry
1011 N University
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078
Fax: 734-764-1481
E-mail: evaniu@umich.edu
Copyright © 2010 by the Editorial Council for
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
Niu and Tarrazzi