NAVAL AIR IN ACTION

V covering [he ide exN· perationsPacific reached another pa:oses of the

A

,\1. 0

climax io the invasion of rhe Marshalls. Naval planes performed a viral mission hy striking from. the air at (he hearr of Jap defenses, before and during invasion. These photos, mken aboard .3 carrier before all-our invasion of the M3r· shalls began. show destruction of 11 Kate; Tap Navy torpedo bomber, foiled in its IUtcmpl to make a strike on the American flattop which had launched squadrons of planes for attacks on KwajaLein Island, Accuracy of AAfire has kept J a,pa ppeoac hes at a distauce while Navy planes fu.l· fill their bemhing missions on the enemy.

the

AXIS SUlelD
A I..TBOUGFJ HAM-KllU
]s a common practice among

TRENDS
ddt's UI d til increasing trend was sltfficiel tly high in tht' [.lItl1.vafjr In cause a medical dirp('fi\' _ to be issued, buck- in the days whou tl1(' Ji'llehrt'r could still make II plausihle prediction of victory for tlu- Reid" u Llle bllsis of information received it appe. rs suieides have mor than douhled. UsIng the total number Ii suiefd es II,S 100 percent, 4-'i.() are placed in the (;0 teg.or of "causes which would ha eo cenrred in ctvilinn life." revealing thur 52.4 percent are service connected.

the

ell-destruction and consider it more honorable than bein takeu captiva Or meetillg defear- in hattl • uutil r ceutly little has been known of pr vailing suicid trends among Nazitnmps, SHINTO worshippers ar traditionally schooled in til art of selfaruciltion. but their Nordic -\xis partner. the sell-sty led ,\'lL/lermen frown OLl the practice. When the Nazi suicide trend became quite pronounced, it recei eel 1111!ll'f'(,OgJUnon 01 Cerman medical authnritles. Norma] suicide rates in Cennaro and Japan bay alwa II been considerubl}' higher I'ha.t~ ill the ,S. On the basi of 1936 figures (latest available on the Axis nadons ), rates were respectively: Germany 28.6 per 100,000 population; Japan 22,0, and U. S. 14,$. Dming 1941 and the war year 1942, ,S. rates dropped to 12.9 and l2.0 reapecti ely, Meanwhil • the Ftf'AJuency of 8W-

£l.. Japanese who sauction

altllOllgh they are LUftwtJffe suicides had increased to nearly 60.1 per LOO,OOf) 1941, apby proximately Ilv lim s the ,', rate. I this total 31.5
SINC iHUt'X.
IJ1 "an

the 1936 Hgl~res ns an probably low, this would

deaths wereadmittedly [rem service connected causes, certainly a strong lndication that moral ~ among erman aviation personnel is not everything that-could be desired. 1

SUICIDE IS LUF. WAFFE WAY Of ATTAINING 'FREEDOM FROM FEAR'

creusiug number an! seeking escape frail) feM cia the sulcide exit "Fear or pnntsluneut," "unwillingness to serve in til L.ufltL'utJe," ind "duty problems" nr Iisted as thre caus . "War eXperIencc shows that suldiers whc urelinarily possess !lu1Dcienl sell-eculrol arc suJclel1Jy ludloed trJ commit suicide for l1"iliiall'flasnllS after entlnrin severe physicnl nnd psych(ll~)gieal stress, cspcciallj after h~a y uction," It Nazl
medical tr atise disclosed. "It ib kn wn thal a comruauder

(·uHee was lnund left in his n..ttl hettie on pm',lclp, This w~1.5 done immediateiv after uetirm in which the l'lOkllet actually Mtin_guisllt'!t'i iilinseJf. Tile soldier, who was physi" eally exhausted and nill llll~ICl the .unpresston of the flglll, shot himself. This i where medical counsel is desired."

T m"T\'~EFE PEII.,snK''Ill-probably Dt:\'. r heanl or the AII~:!I' L tit: Charte«, but according to their OWn repnrt all 11]-

T C'Ul poin lad ofIkel's are

ti litllnd

J3:E ADVrCE ·I\'EN Is meclh.'llll)1 sound

\ iduul mall, nutun-, he ts to In-' tr 'ated with utmost lnd 'tad .'~ mpathy, I Us comrades ar ,- like wi e experteel Iv u il!. This, SymPI" thetic attitude i" obviously fmpraoticable ill the armed lorees and .cllers fl free hand to would-be shirkers, TIle fa~t that ill spite ol these Im portaut eonsldeintinus the UIJClIrnent bas been recommended for serinus study and uttentinu.
S 'filS

but Irum .1 pJ'ltet 1I d (] Uh tf u 1 m ili tar)" v alue. U nitm edif recurnmenderl to keep au eye Oil e\ldl iruliH [1 man shmvs moody sig;ll~ 1:- It morbid

ordered a soldier l(1 (111 punitive exerclses in 6'ont 0 I the cOUlpuuy because SIJDle

had already reached oonslderable--rhou

ul.irmiug=proportiuns
\'CJl be[tl['

ro

indicate

ul ·ide

a1'r1C1llg

l.Ii/fu,'()[Te
~'ntry illtn

persuune]
nul

1, in rctrosp -ct

U.",

the win .

UN'tYIUINGNESS

fO

SERVE

IN

THE ....1tI'<U;D

fOI!;Ces

ECONOMIC

111110 PROf£5~IONA(

PtOIlJ.iM5

I.INfAITflFU~ Wilin

ANO

f''''''CEES

EXAGGERATEIl

E.l!!;l....unION or ..... 'NII

iJ!JJ.tiJCiJ~~&liJEult JQ Eo Ea iJlJJ !JJ!JJ j ~lJJiJ.QJiJiJ~ ~lCiJJJJJJJ~ JiJ !JJ.QJ JC Jj CAUSES ~!JJ~JjJJi OF SUICIDE iJ!JJ1JJ~ IN THE lJJEa.mJ! LUFTWAFfE m!JJ.!
~~

.QJ~
MI$CEh»'NE€)IJ$

I ...... whW. wooil" •«~, d ;" <i". fu.... III.,) •• .

"ct...

~[JJ.&J.&liliJ.Jlil~gu~~1D iJ[JJ.QJ iJ &l ECRl.&J .!&i $U!J .rc iJ.tiIJJt.J.mJlC.&JJ!JJiJ~iJlJJ

~!JJJn~IJJ.l1..QJ~JJJmJU.i

Physical Injuries in Accidents

Datu are beiug con11')ibl 1111 ai),CH1H uccidents, corrcludng muteriul dum.llS's with physit',J injuries sustulueel llY llight per ouucl. This study is UCiJl!! muds in Uw nrterest of lii.ght ~,d·~·t}, lccking to chuliS s ill (hol~igH I;t' .llrC'IUI t ant.! to the development of additional sulety equipmen l, J,S way be indiented. ... It Is requested tLul ureuibers I)l j\ircralt I'ruuble Bourds insure u rnuro corn-

plete [isting of llljUJ1CS 1!1U1I has

1l1[l1J~'

1101"-

body loctulon and

Dutil shnuld be

been

the

l',iRC

is

all injuries desired, Including tIlVse lltul are atJJ.

Jlllllin' of

tho

bnliel1' lIU ILlS cne, Crampuw. I'll", autliur ~Lnt~ tlta1 the pil l brought n huck, ui0sLly 011 one engine. However, the lake ...j IT and liilltllllg wvcedure is ccompJisill'l.1with the llrOpeUer in luw pitcl: pusi. tlou illJU I !>hulIld thlnk tlre engines CQuld II> S) nchronized and throttled to CHaLk a plane tn be seecessfully :HOWl) back to UJI;' bnse, Paragraph It. reads. "On mother pl(lh~ (he hose gtllllg III the IDIJppabJe wiug tunk had detertorutcd aUlI bil '0; UI fuel pomp heeaiue a iTlocked, The (lilot Im.lllg:ht it back on one engine.' Ohl Dear Crumpaw,
St'l'tmU!lfY

past,

The

nuw .'911 1111"11 me Hip 'sUng my;;dE as of p,L1'f1gI'l1pb2-. ThaI old yeUuw rnecL agaln,

from fli'llt surgeons nf" medical om '(:1[":1 hi .irtenrl-

obtained

The terut I:\!l UtES, .\t"tILTU'LE without turthcr t:"111IJU1·~tioll is uf 110 value in tllilt slur!>. A guml esample o{ what may bo acuomplished as a result oIIII(·s Slit lies i~ tUt.: shklul4er harness whidl wus elev...J uped beeanso it was noled thnt ,'I. l.u"ge percentug o] aire .111 • ciuenL re1U1ce.

EXTlI

'l\JJ':

as a remindu

to other

PRY

pllolS

who

or clid tJI~ hose doleriomtli' duril1g lligbt. lind w It$ lhb same pill}1 fIying the pluue? Paragraph f. reuds: "During 1111 engine ruu-u, Ilight, 11\1 1)110l feathered the prop eller for test. V 11 1I he could not 1.111fmthl'Y It. due to i:l high presl;ute uil 1ine f'l.ilure. he bwuglil the plane home. on on Imgine t, Oil, deliI'I \!IJ'\ I sound Iike II broken record, rampaw. That yellow "hl'l!t ugaiH; Qr p rlmps the _ me pilot, Wh)" oh wllY, wasn't lIJf' propeller t tea em the ground? 'un,l 0111' feathering operfl.li(l!l ," the b'T(Iullrl or I>(l1bap5 (:\VO,

slllteo

in henrl unrl fac .. illjlllill

only.

ma)' not 11"VC aircl'aft restrico 0115 in fl.lind, I c It1 s;J)' th~; ThePBY al1d all other P and VPB otirp1anes are ~pedfi('.aUy reo
.stricted Irorn hy ccbnienl wing-overs and "i",lent Order 84-42, rums

PBY Spin
A PBT-- was
~('!'U

itude .1,1Id the forced tv take over, The pluue spun (IU! of th third ,~tult kfllfng sev en or the crew,
upprHa

about 5.OtHI lel'll nnd orash. From 11"'<;Cease Firing tlmony of I he 111"\'1\1 mg .rew mealhI,:rs, it 'VIlS believed that the ~lllde,J1t A I2ll.I'tf.Oll ot 11 letter received Irom under III Iiond wus hoing mstru ted ill all Lt\ ilitiPll chief rnuel.Inist's mat 1.< wing-overs. Th student, had, 011 twu Y. uulecl us geuerul Wtcrest: previous occasions durmg this illght,

to enter a spin

should have sufficed. or clues the p:reSlfUfl' luc.rcase with aTtitude? ow Crnmpnw, yOIl stale yon nr in the r'J<ick hi the pants till l'iion," Sf> NOl1't go

;l(

or

'hed

,I

slal1t'fl
bOOil

,ttl

Dt.:All

lIA..\.lPAW

-PErfl.ltON

Instructor

had

g~

G"(lmpou'

Pelt/bun" 5"'>' '

Ih
.<'''01'1.'11'

~ Perhaps ln~ his student

i.u~llctur W,!S makfrom unu uar positign~\ In chis cooncc!i •on all instructor", and pllolB must bear in mind r..I~fI' nbrupl l'{""
,)J

vatoe control movements may cause a ~tall tu air speed, Whctl101'r recuveries r~om

ulW$u:.1 PO",UanB were being. illtNuPll"d 01' whethee wiug-Qvers "'<'I'(!c acruully bllmg IlrActiced i of 1i1!1~ eonscquence new, bur

ADVANCE

BASES!

LET

NANEWS HEAP FRO~ You ...

Pk~~e get It finn grip- ou your (lId armchair and hang Oil to your spectacles, as I lUll going to cut, loose with a salvo from the rn~ill l<a~tery. Milll;l£-ul of the bet that your cchnnn i.s IIIJI- II VQ~ Pop, I think }:OlL Trussed the hOlll In T~gurd In YOl.ll' article entitled "The ni!t1ll Vi'ay," [J) 111t" Issu of 'ovemb~ilT 1. [9r13. III N.wAL AvtA.'rtoloo' NEWS, P~tn\graph I}, rends; "The fuel Iine connection to the J.r,)pp~thl Wl11g w.nk came loose 011 nne plant', The engine started running l'('mghly because of slugs of air getting into the gas line, The pilot brnugllt UICplllT! back OJ] one engine." Now CIl'I\lll,I\\V, doesn't tht: yellow sheet inspection fClrm c ver fuel ~l'slem~, or WIIS iJllS Dight £b streuuous that the cnnneerinn was loosened during 1ligl,t; and WM the fuel supply used from the prnper tanks j,1arUm, or does this pllot sa ve lill drop tanks for reserve h'Upply? Pllragraph c. reads; "The propeller governrrr Uil another plane froze~\lJd chewed up the gear train, the propeller Went up to rill! speed, The pilot brought it back, rnro~t]):'In one engine," I'llhave to use the (

soil by back-pattiug HI such C!L'le.5 as the abfJvC·!l:lImtioned. when it i.<; q nite obvious that they Wet 1110 dtreet cause of fn1l1ty pre-flight UISpC(JOI rl \1l1f1 unfamiharity on the part of the pilut, Alld, rampaw, isn't the type of plane involved designed to fly en one engine, and doesn't the trnlnrng syllnbus tear'l! single cwgi.lle opemtioni' Now, Crurnpaw, It yon don't tl1jllk )'till IlLi!1;8cd tlw boat, 1 will traln ill and secure 111\11 h\lmhl apologize. Very truly yours, i\VIATLllN Cmt:I' MAcmNlST'S MA.n;

Here r \ Ill>; ill my big-hearted way, trying to give a squadron a boost roT .some mappy one-engineopernrion, and ~

G@t.;.

Grmll/.lUw

PtitlibQUC 5t11';

IG.UMUW

PETIHOrH.,

tOMf'OJ

-"Umel1ody h,,~ 10 spoil it .. .II by pl>1IJtm~ (lUI IJ1'1' bch"r mnlntenunce ;md in~pediv" ,m.:! more E<lmili:uil}1 with cqwprnllll.t on Ihp part of some of the pilot1i would h,-1-V1" rore..'t;IJJ~d tno!tt of tlt,,';'" ilIJ_gin IroubJ~ When west' J;:I!VQlI !'tarted "'''!D.ing IJvcr J jumped in the Ioxhole back .. f my desk 11 rid from III ere I el1I t(·eal Inc squad]",,'n commandee concerned II) rc,·in"Ol.'ltigart.l the"" O;"~ p,,,,,ruJ1,. to """'" wherhe ... ,~ourls·n""rIJaJ .sholl.lcl no>, b" giv~n in lieu III any medals he war h"\,,, rnruemplared i!w,lrd,ng<>n rhe $tr~ng-!j, o( m~' praise,

trees,
bl!l II

W.I~

I'J 11::!1 I pu lIed hack un Ihe stick, loulu!!:', TIlt' pluue 1mIred
IreetojlJ>
S(l

cuutrcl
JJ

tl1n~lIgb th· I hI' gn.l\mtl

thrae-Iont
lUg,"

uud smacked into

leased fur Hig;llt.

!ullC"

!J"L!'

surlaoes was !lO! lle'cessafY HUU wlreu tl1e uirsh!tJwn~ I'~

He dkl, however,

haul tlrat it plnwed 11 lurrcw bclllrt! disintegrat-

Dtreel h it!l on Ure ('ire:ula r lruge l -a-fe. l'llJ)' .'i1ItisJylu,t{, hll! there Is 110 ~fltishcti,))l inm'll-dng- hits if ,,'1ll1 got your oou gl'<ltLtlnL iUlI" post b IlTT!OUSI}.

Aircraft Trouble Reports

r n the lnture all requests f'm Aire-raft T roll ble Ilepmt Ionns \ NAvAl~n.S39) will bo riJlecl with tissue sheets only, Bond sheets now 011 hm,d should be ussd <IS origiuals unlil stock is de.... pleted, JtJ'ter which 11 signed tissue

Visibility Z,ero, Judgment Zero

Uue pilot \ViIS i.lli'u:red when his F~,n-l {'nmheJ shortly tifter laking \.l[t mod a second pilol, also in an F1v1-l" was kHled when he fullow'cdtb fir~t ship jut" the ground, The uecident nel'umd ;It MeAt; J\,toinve on a particuhu-Iy (1.Il'''' n!_gh~ when it W~IS IWCe$S,IT)' ence was vislble. The pilot- of the A!'lit plnne=No.

Targets (an HypnotizeVou

'J11is is ,I pi.Wt, or H~lvicj> lor dii"t'

should be usud as the Original

hi! I"/wh Ail'('raJI Tl'lluble Ri"pl'lIft.

huurher pilots froiO, ,I j)utJt'IIL iu :J U, 8. ]\< a ul Hospitu], His advice iI; sounei lseeuuse it is bilSe"ll (Ill Ilers-ollld eXl,eri. ~nl:l·. He j~ hlCky bCC:1UiH! Ill' is nhve, immcdi!J.tely after or. ru the 1'. he i.~ aliVl' lwcause h 1~ til :I;() on instruments !IIk(",<{jfI: inasm uch 1lS TlO SIlI:f ace rt'f·l,l'Iucky, A nd his .;(h'iee 1, this,

d Iuur-plane fon~wtiUl1-Siliti 111" had started LI) join up 'Iftfl' La lting oll, in a right tnrn, hul- ci11s1uxl hefore lIU)'reeted attitude was nttnined. The pilot

:?:

ill

Illllked at his insh'!UTlf'ftts. lotrnd he was

Ilftht' second plane apparently Iollowed !ln- fTrsl iuto the Cleek whilt' attempting [0 1('1]1)up. Both pilots had well over 31l1(j hmus unrl IHtd cfllllplL'lecl tla; in"
~tI1Jn\o[J Lsyllabus,

.:"'\
tuele.
~II!'W.

..' \ ' I!!

4..

~
-,

It)0:,
rorg~t
tusl!itlat~d

"Donl gel so
t.lJ'gat t hat you

This 5tudent nvintor did fUl"{,.ltlt obont bis altitude witb the res1IIt thf\~ he ha~ o s.light conousslon, lW(1 broken ankles, several minor cuts and bruises, nnd II ulac~ eve His san was srl'eat) oV~r (Iii ureu tlf 100 sy tUU'{1 ya rd~. !1111 lIt> W~lS l hrnwu clear wheu it hit, IL all fmppene-d while til!' i)H,IL wus making clive bomMng runs OJI It 1:U1d l:Irget, Cornmg in at n 70·degrct· angle. he was pl'l'lulil:ally hY{)llCltized lry ~\ arehlng 1 he target -gmw as it cnmo lu,arJef ,])(1 u""oret in Ihe refJedor sfght, ITe (m'gut .111 about II i~ jlltinH?te1' until Itt' 'was well hdp\\ 11 m.blimlJfi1 $"JI! It' .dutude rar pull out. IJt' Wattled hi'!; bomb in I.he ('ent~t of the- Cil'<.:UJIlT targel S,e. much Uwt 11e nlllll.lst t.~lrricd il ctWI't' in !lIe s,m, ""U was enUreJ)" Ull< tUIIIt," tJ1C pilot sai{l. "J Wll" so l!ltl"11t 'On th~ t~rgel I didu',
t rOil hi·

Lice."

The g;H)uml is very IliU·U. 1 htK~;\"SI" I l,uHler! Ill! il Uri my

witll YOll1 ubnur your .!

nf.

... COMMENT ~A pilul P'lll!>l. watch hi", inSh:clfments wb~lIl the ·. islbilUr ill I",,,,,, AJ· . lhQugli the ceiling was t1 ,000 fee\, it Wm! so d'l'lrk tho _pllotl< had absolulei}' n0 nnturaJ I'd e I'Cn.~.. 1'0;111$ fly Ij'b[ch to judge the artiruda of their plnnes, Had rhc pa(}t~ re<£erred to their i"strun'enll< 1'1) dc(ermi,n" the phmet;' ~ni.tllde, instead"f ,~!lllmt=lling to m'linuUn eontrol by r~.fill'''nce to ~r"C"e o b j eees, ene IINUI' II life Dud rw'o Co.'TIr a irplanes wo~Jd
htlV'e pel!n

turn on the elevator .iudiCIlWf, but paid 10 it when the needle gave un "erratic" readir~g. A lake-oHwtl5 begun and while "dnwn" elevator control WJI~ applied to raise thlJ tuil, the airslup reacted UOt· nmUy to !-he reverse elp\'ntoJ ('urtl:ro1, look oIl' (!uiekly and climbed steeply ill respouse tp the-I,up" olevatnr then Oci.ug:applied hy the l'H~}twho thought he was givil1l!:\ "down" elevntor to 'ease off the ellrnlr, Al 1,71!0 feel ascent was halterl nnd opptoxim_a(uly 30 minutes later the airship was £IO\-\'1J into the gmllnd wH't, the pilot holding "uppressure en rhe elevator L\untn11s~ still rrnawure o] I:ho CllU!le of the- trouble,
no l,Itteotiou ... COMMENT-Tho.> carelessness of tbe ~.i_gg'11' 11'1'0 re~!!t!led the controls and Ih~ petty ",£licit. who Wll.~1'e."P()nsibl .. 1m' in8p&, ..jon after o"","h~ul. are readily "pp~rt"n.

or

83""<1.

.Reversed Controls
I)nring iutul'im overhaul

airship, the rigger 'in charge inadvertently put tile drive ohnin of U'le elevaThe Trou ble Buard, h.\lwl·v~~r, OUII" lOl'ccm!rolon b;Jck-,vards which re- si(\eren the pilof equally til blame for versed the action of these controls, The this ILc(.'jdellt, ~ssignil1g to him, in faet, c'vnlrois were Dot checked after Installa- 51X of the cause. He had 1,625 hours' HOll, 'rh(, pilat apparently tholl,ght a. -Hlgh~ I:iTlle :ma should have been able visual check for proper operation of the 10 fll'l'vent this accident, First, he should have made n visual check for proper operation of the control surfates, sinee the airship had JlL~t CORle 1l.111 of nverhuul urul especi:ully ulrer the "erratic' rending of the elevator
indica to ••

or

II

x-type

He
Didn't Use His

,'!!:1liz.(·
[-lI1)

I
!Ill W

Will,

,getting

til I

Ihl;'

('lPs

tJr

h1to

rill!

Check·off list

Evon uRel' becoming l\irlll'rne wit}) clevlltor controls revened, thw:ft need have been :no 'Uccident. Tbe pilot showed pO(lr jm1_gnWril. \yheu he nutet! that ~nme maju)" control .fault fl.:dsted. in not un\!Mtil1g the ship to ncar sh~l1o equilibrium. ,obtainfng waigh-off at~Iffioi6nL altitude. -and t1Jert deliberately chl:1,~king In lkt~nnine ctlw;c of trlluhle

Publish a Quarterly Index

Changes in Monthly Supplement
The new
;J

NtluAcl'

tlons, has beeu rlislribuLe-rl to ,'til' activilies. und will 1.J(\ followed hy com plf'tl"
revisions

catalog

of navul

PIIIJUCfl/iOIlS Index, u 'tllll~ IIti 'Ill ['>11 1/ :1.h

\ 'ry three month , with in-

S coad shoot ('c)J1sists of a map of th liniterl States, Northwestern unurl.r, nd entire 101'1h P~lL'i.£ic rea. A synupa lie weather chart is transposed 0\1;11' tJ I~' area dflily. In lower portion of (hi!l page a form is snpplle on w!Ji/:h Lo teeDI'd complete wearhcr ,lata fur 'vcr}' hour of the day, ne page 01 (,lll'h kind is used daily.
... cno eOMMENT~y method (jf simplityin.g or \'iwalry presenriog .... nther ine iOJ;(nnliun (0 plJ rs ill b.igbly desirable. It would be appreciated if samples of this new recerd be 'forwa.rded ttl eND, AcroJoflY Sec.
tion, (or inspeetion. All Nnvy activities, that Imve d ivaloped copies

Training

ununund,

11

rliate Truittillg

Operattonnl Tl:'Ctining Comruaud, and other units that may In{1 I' be assigned hy the Cummunder in Chief, U. S. Fie t, and Chief of aV.1I peratinns. NA'TO 1.6 commanded by Rear AdNavuJ Ail' Twining,

urnmand, Naval Air

al Air Irrterme-

,J

[orecn!l1.ing ,ddll ~houW flltWllrd ~mple to CNO. Aerologv SClla D, in. order dInt they may be contrndeted for general use, Adi ities rtlllf lire using lIx:pecinll!'Dlai Eo."coasting aids lind weather records sb uld

resentattve of the Na Department in ill mutters affecting activities under hill command. He also serves as Geld tralnlng representative of the Deputy Chief of Naval Opemtions (Air). AT is charged, 'i ithln his CODIru un d, wi th :
1 Cr.nrJirmtion
'l1'in!Jl1I\

:eorge D. Murray us Chief of He will report to the eNO unci will b(;: the direc:L rep111iraJ

nd direction of-all naval

b~ilJtng

continue to' use, !itllnd:lrd FCnIlli and submit j hem in IICCOru;lMce with iiUt1'uctioIlJl, so that uniform and eomplere acrologic."lf rec",rd~ may be 1l'(lintAined.

3, E~tl.blislnilf'tll and opemtion of naval uvlnl lon flighr and ground training aot!vit!es 3. Preparaliou of recommendations fOT pit curement tlud readjustment of shore lllid illsITndor personnel ,1 Rstll.blishmt:lnt of C(\ltr,~es and methods uf iustruetlon for gruuud, Jl1~htmining,

raoimit's.

I:rniui.ng

al.rcrnft

RT1dequlpment,

o~
"j.,.U',
il! ~.'
!~! ...~ "t

Combine Training Command

locate Ch'iel ,af NAS Pensacola
The. • nval Air Truining , emrnund \vith headquarters inltinlly- at -"'AS Penacola,

WithiTr
slleciAraJly
N TO

('Ill'll

naval

dJstTid,

activities
to

lUlU r-xelusively

usslgned

AEIiONAUTI(:AL

pUBLICATIONS

ARE C4TA.L,OGUED

terim monthly supplern catalog us airfrtUll,

nts.
rOW

cessory, Instrumeut,
technical

publications

trlliniug [Ilernture, 0gy, re('ognHiull, and 1H 'ht publ( iatfons. AdriititJllHl copies may II(~ ruqnestod
from TIll
'\1"1

radio, And radar in udditi Jl ttl ~LUOI\'OI\C'e lists, aerr\!'ectiofl,

The tucle). sr planl, ac-

or

all

Tl~- b ell et4I1hli::.llf'd In consist aC'livitip,~ of aval .\ir Pril11/J,ry

are excluded from jurisdiction of !.'be commandant of the (li.:;!dct, excepting their onrdiuatiUII with the general plnn of rnllitarv defense of district,

Puhl!l.'flli<ms

NAVAL AIR TRAINING

Keep Hourly Weather Form

Aero/ogy

COMMAND

Section Desires

Copy

NAAS C"-",[P MAll:"'llly-A new method hu been devised Lo keep hourly tlncl dnily records in aero logy, This reenrd presents a clear. ocrnpact pietur of flU data necessary fo-I' foreQasting, The ne\ recerrl ~tnl'lsL~fS of 1 ose-Ieuf notebook with flller uP previou 'Iy prepined sheets of !IVo kim:IJ';, The fu~l l~(mst ts of a pSEmdo-adiobatic diagram s on which is plotted the raob (raditl observation ol .lil' l rnperulurc und 1I1lUlitllty a]oJt) at the reporting :,1ation. This chart gives, at a gtll ce, temperntur and moisture content of air over Irnmediate 9icinity 11[1 In 2,5,000 ft, 111

th

.1

form fur recording winds, aloft

~taHtUl

II.ght-hancl margln

ot

LIlt"

she

is

III lNll~IP"'!
~Iil~ HIIH'NG

C"Irr or

tillEr VJ ~!Ullll! O~[A,\J'O~lI

-UIUMI'W

t~rll DI ~mll'~ r[IH~lell lAAI"'~t

MOD~ (DuCITlallAL 11ISIjlU!l~~~

ItIVI~I,oI~1

the Tl'pl1rting

and adjac

Over

'Ill area

LTA's New Visual ,Program

Training F.ilmsBe.i.ng R:eviewed
LT AIMs de~'eloped all:d put iuto opera !Ilion a Dew and comprebensrve visunl trainillg program. Last Iall 11 staff visual training aids cflieer was llPpointed. mid directed La establish ,1 pr ..limiw.I.ry system For distrlhilliun ul fI1 rns tu starious am! units 01: W1M"; ONE. Ciln1lOanditlg DIRt'ex-s of I;I'A stutions, squadrons, hedrons, and detachments
were directed to nppoint vlsua I lruinlng

ul wh ich 111t!y ;W~ based, it is de~1tahle to eulurge the disl:rihuti\lu tbroughotlt IIle L.TA orgn,.J'lw'<ltioo." rhe LT." "hief Ilf ~lrurand alde said, \Vllil~ successful t1islriuufiolL methods were under 5111YEV, extensive wosk Wll)!
tiOILS

HOW NOt TO CALL TOWER-

dune un prod uctjOll uf ~pl':clfic L"l truiuiug mrn:;, r\uw catalogued arc 11

covt"rblg' [;tkc-(JU~ uud landillg uperu Iions u I r.;:-i ype paw-oj Si1 IpS, "\loYiIJ~ pictures OIl hislOlY of balloons

slide films IJn L- type ulrship amI J () s:litlt' f1lrl)~ 1111 s-type uirshlp, Two new moving pj{·t1Jresill color have been

completed

and history i)f I_JfC'-1;SUre tLirships au; 111 aids 1,)ffic·~rs. pnldlldi(lll, .md om' cnvering history Under the new plan, all new trainiug films are supplied to NA:rl'~C for re- qf rig:id ail-ships is scheduled, III arid i!i011 lo il'uluiug SIms, gillieI'll] view and evaluation, Films uppllcable to L TA use are ordered Ly the staff lnterest lllrns are ulso allocated to L'fA V'I'O fur L't'A dis Ilibutiun centers at distlibnliou centers. These art:: clrculuted as "Hull shows" along with trainLakehurst, Moffett Field, \"\'INC I"OPR ing films, A list of Shns Ior permanent and WI~G I!rvF,. From these centers Hlms are routed to I'1:Q'S at .JI hu:oel> custody of squadrons and hedrens is being [lrep~u~l'!d, nd We fiJIllS will be a ler showlng, SI'BI til all these units In the near fllh1l'l~, "As this plnn has worked sucoesslully Slmllarly. trniuitlg litf'rl'llHl'I;! Illiblif'11, ill the untts ('If Wl1\;'; ON''' and tile stu

lluns are
LTA

bases, WlNG FOVR, and ·WINO FIVE ror re-datrihntlon to Ul1jLS ill their local areas, lL iii plllilHtld til lO_alntaiu 11 limited stock of these publications at cenlers SQ lhal requests for back copies or E1ddiUnnal copies may be filled immediately at lhe. lncal source rather than th.rough I,fficial requests to issning agencies. 1..1'/\ units [Ire njreoLed to route all requests for Illms and literature to Lht\ \'TO at their distribution center to ex-

lH~ing

1'lupp,lle(l to VT08 111' all -

pedlte

St'll

vice und clelivury.

Use Real T'ank for Target

Marines Get
MCAS
tnlilling.

Skip BQmbPradice

vary routine terpedo bombing SfJ !Hit I run C(J 011 e'I(1 (eel with .111 A rm _!o' 1II'cll1l~nc4J testing command uad run skip hfrrrlhir,!; Imps, IjMI<g a Sll\mn(lU tan!.
J:i:L Cr;:NI'll~1-To

a Mu..iue

as Itl1'get,

BUllS \IICl'e

V rnininlure pr,ll'Lite bOlnbs und 100pound water-fllled bombs, Both were d rnpped on stl!tionury and mOI'in;
t:!rget.

made

wil:h

Mark

One pillll dropped a miniature praetiC'e bomb thnt bit tracks of tank and caused Lltt: rubber to burn. Next pllllW in flight had
<1

water-Hllad bomb, bit

and [lui

tll!'lk in exactly the same spnt ,1111. the Ore.

GS.AP Camera 15 Successful

Ord.noncemen
:\I:\S
WIt,GO"

Do Photography

Cunvr: Sorne squad· runs ~('t'lll Ln have llttlc sueeess wilh their ,\-:\ tYllt1 gUll cameras. but results 1I,1 HI i~ :;1 inn are al qu ite fhe opposite, Th is is dill' to tile e-lose eeoperatlou hetween I.ASl' 23 orclnnncemen and NASIIh'ltng:rnphir' labl)l'Hto~ fe.chnicim IS

\1)1ANCE
'$

BASES! ~
~

~~

-=-

In N.ANews
HEAR FR·OM YOU...
00M85 HITTING TtI,R(lET DEAPL1!' ACCU'RIIC'i' OF ~IIIP 80Illin,." I' $HOWl'! BY "I.!MQEII Of PRA(lTICE

~~

.q..~

Wheu the cameras first arrived, sevliral Jrd elnss r1J'tl:nllm'~l1len wer-e as-

lIthor squadreus and srntiooslJsing th, cameras, milch of difficult)' \\'011111 hr' eliminated, XVII-Naval History

station believes that HLhis

t'augemeul were used

uy

arne

,ll"

100% Bond Allotment 'Goal

Navy Civilians Reach 90% Mark
Clvlliuu einployecs oj the seven .IIIanaval ulr stuuoas U1 1lt1'hing forward in lha payn 11 deduction bond program with 95.4 percent of personnel investing JtI~ percent of gross payroll, aCC!ll'ding to lutest R,go:r~, P rcentage of participntiou of ivilhul p~r"QnnE'1throughout the entire aeronautlc organization is 0 er 90. TIle hond allotment program fur unij(lr

Pick the ben ahoiae

MalSm.lltlt~ bf!/ow, ,~u:er,t1ft pn;:.e JO. 1

to (JQmpl~>j1llt"l(~ ther: check gour (111tWo 1111pOI'·

1. The U. S. Navy made

tant coneriburions

World Waf' r which are ;also belping to win World WrIT. These

to the winning

of

were-

"_N

YPE GUNc C"II'I.£RA

IUQUi RlOS I:llPERT

CARE

signed tu the laboratory to learn Iundnmentals of photography, rdnuncemen instructed photographers how to instill ~AP cameras, Photographers also learned something about LQfesighting and camera wiring, At pres nt, orduaneernen load the magazines and d0 everything; except develop Aim (and can do thili in an emergency). Th i,~

activities within the cnntintlntaJ limits of the U. S. [JO\ .... 62

shore
C I'DDlaUUs with r)V I' 70

progress.

farmed personnel llkewis(::

11; IllUluug

o o

cent.

H iparion; 27 between
(md

l5

So and 10 perI>e1(1 v
50 perregistered.

percent

par-

lind ed!"u~jve mine-laying b-dive.holllbilig and mine-sweeping e=torpedo bomhlng and skiphom bing d-commercc raiding with subIDBriOes and ~ru:face cmft, and high altitude precision homhing
a~eo!!vl)yiug

ummancls

cent Ilf entire complement.

2. Till'
N~v)'

yea.. 1798
history

i~ .sIgnificant ill because in Ihat yoar

OlD'

(I-We

the LWe U b -john Paul Jon611 became the first commodore of til Fleet D c-the N~vy Denartment was FollndCld
Ll d-Wl.lI was dednr d agablst Tripoli

launched

lint. shi~

~)I

. The GraJ Spec in the pr It!IIt cot1fiiC( WaS II German commerce f:Jidef .6nally d fRilled by the Brit· ish at Montevideo, tr~ mlssion in this war "'as the same lIii !he mi"" .ioll eNempUJied by the--

tt-: _I'egan

in the

panish-American

War

f,- T(mnllQtre IJJ the \' at between the S_tal-es Cl ('-!;t>llih DIIJ;'otn ill W~rld War II [l rI-E.MI>it ill he WQr of 1812 4. The United State' FLee entered ... lbe harbor or daybreak und irrunf,tdhmly engaged the Ilnemy'.;, ships :md ba.tu ri" 9. Tbl! 'l!ilCJI'Jy's flet!t
c<Jwpletely destroyed. Our casualties ",ere only eigh~ men wounded, Tbj~ ill hr;l'f d~!lCripW"S hOD

of the battle ol-

o o o

!l-M~ni1aBII)' t;-...Sautiugo c~Mobi.l6 Bay d- 'ew Orleans

Paul Jones e;stilbliBhed ,be fighting tradition QI OU" Na\'y ..;tb his Iamoul wol'd~! "[ h:lVt 1I9t yet beJ{UD [o6gl1t." These words W(!~e addreslied to--

5. john

AIIA:!<o"DOlS' Dana, pl'i1~Jiad ul IIlAS A.hr(JuuiIl cl!m/;trlfts vI1I'[ous ptCJceatl.reo W tJooompUs11 the J.mil rC'lll/t; J., *nuued UrIC, 2, $fmigitl lIlUt, 3. !(JCnl1's, ladder, 4. l-w.g[J net ami 5. 11.n1ptn" All men wear kapoc itJjJk(ltS, ,1 little practtce. beforehand marl .wwe lives Iate«,

...

--

o b-LIeutQnant Preble Qf the .Bonhomme Richard o ",-Cltpt!lllJ Pearson uf the $61'0111., o a-Adminl Landa.b of the .Mltl:moo
1

o tJ-Caplain

BIU'T1 table nf the Drake

WI.L£I QNI·ON

SI"RINO

BEAUTY
j

SmnU

I,lnnt~

}.m"riOlB.A~i".

aru lo,,",d rn N Qrlh

arcnnd lou" dilli"ur!~o I_to

Sur'""..

~,u~.rl i>11j,t)t.RI~"'nd
IlSUrlTp!:f

'if ......

\iI:'nk,l'. Bulb ifll-r.D,U>-Q. b~:lil'l,aQll mw ..

In

Arne';.,..,

boiled ." I*Jl~r~-QulV or ~Q~n~.rwci~

A ul!!lLmh.d.

13ulb.

~'I .Mill..

Aj,,<Mi,
Nnn:~

..... ,

,r!;l~Il.

WILD ~ICE 'l"!ltl gr.u.I!iW~~ ~QrLh, .Amencr~. Ailm! ""l1rl1!' ~w8nlp)' 81l<",m~, Qay.>'l. L.ow~, stem, fQIJ'( fi'hQ!l:,t9. <t.re ~,,~t!j
~fUi"n.l'r i"(Wt"f"l,!;.

'HAnft
J\

CHESTWUT Gmwo, wild III

ei:tllk~·d.
f~''rv

11"-"'" "f "'Nrltl. P" rtlu<llM l~ j" Muth~rn AlII~ Pili!

"'Ul!>bl" I.. ","" y:

I'U.W ell'

"~l,.t"w

_P"rJfn: i.l!U),l.
Tu~rfI1..,

tW"ht£t

'I!lRL.cm~

'[l.

01.

WILD AND SWEET fflTArOES 1'I'lIIILt II,!! pta",,,, '. n" f (lund In BU "'" ,"" ~1I_""'teH 01 \ I,. .. Id l .. ~t !o.Ib~l'Qu. ,,(l~t1!. "r~' ",dil>l ; 11",,,,,...
~n'd :ilWffi81 am CJ.oJ:~U ...~ ~IUI.

Rod\8 ~ps.

Srrml)~!~" Ii!> Iu Narth i\ ,m"j"" , !'i",_. IIqrtll~,,' A..6. J&II'\~i"" { boned, roa.l~ ~_ like
Y~,,,,g ~b(\{ll..l ..1 soe <I'bl,,,

8F1AKE FERN
Y aII~ !!-round in om>rf¥ .. 11tenil>erilte alldl'ro_,,'1l"1 I;,e~on.,. 'Yo cat, it ;,. p",r~tIlhle ,,, r<nOO1- "-hUclt~ .t:a",b 11'0.11, of,aob!, r.a,l' i1 a ilCCilSMY

AFI'ROWHEAO Ii"uill J)l.&n~1J1 North Amruieu, EIIWI>" • .run..; In 0, S. 'y""-,, ILTQUDd. O ... .,we' in wet 1t"<I~ "d. . "";to'r Boil Qr fW'It. T8:&t~8 1i~ PQtain.

A~LWI~,

l'aUI>IJl.df,

IJ. S. feI>r arcu tid Ii.<lol;o whiLfio 8tefn b;~, rJ<flW m' rfMJk~d

-B!lI!t [~die&,A 'M.., IiiI'll-

BULRUSH North ... mcefcu .. ;\1""",

CATTAIL

"iI"

~b!" )".IU "rO!lIl~, wuter. Ru,'k.., -er r~t

lIJ.U\'l'llh. rli~cli:rdiIt!J

T"llJiIOJ1to,

mltlzy

fOfftM, t.the-'~ lIU1.i r.l~rl g;r ~.1;lJ_ ~'i4'

''If,1<1''''' roJ"'JiY"

"'1'... 11lt:1U

Refating Tool Is Developed

Prevents Wasting Tool Fittings
N S ALAMEDA-A mechanical 'refacing tool developed here is used on tube fittings on whloh the flared section is

scored or distorted, Use of the tool makes it "possible to return t.he tube filtiugt; to se ice, Pre ioualy s\lchEittings were scrapped and replaced with
new flti;ing.~.

Tile new tool also makes it' possible to change Parker Gltings- to Weatherhead by altering bevel of Bared s ction.

months of successful operation here and favorable reports have been received £rom several sMps of the Fleet whieb have been equipped with this device. 11: is heavy-duty andcapable of bfting and carrying a total of 10 tons, Bve tons on each after wheeL The dolly has a single pivot wbeel forward with II tongue fOr steering and two full pivot wheels aft which may be locked in either of two position.'l, 90 degrE!8S aparl. All wheels are equipped with hard rubber tires.

;ut.a

including the TBP, a lea u(e which is

not apparent in dle photograph of the Pearl

Hal'bor dolly. As all airct'>lftcaniet' and airq-aft t.rIln$POl"1:.! will shortly be "quipped with dollies, loading of gh.ps (:9.0 be I'1Ittted with them. Should bln-e b<l!le8 h:rve need for such d Hies (or use on !lDooth suefaces,
BuAer wiU con~der any rl!<Juellt~ l'~c";ved.

TOQ,I Aids in Fitfing Gaskets

Expands
Opening, Compresses
NAS HtlTcElINsoN-In assembling 6.'(haust stacks to cylinder exhaust potts of a Lycoming engine. fitting the asbestos

OE\lEI..OP P ........ t JACK DOI.,l.Y AT P£ARI.. HAlleOR

0
~
IlI.lJl.ER SPorriNG OOl.LY III MOllE COMPACT
UNIT

.-

""'\1 '<""1'

I~

..

,I

.~~"",,,--.....:.;:_,...-----,--,
-.1Jj,'

,"C'<J'q..
TUBE 'Flrtl""G~

'f!iT~JfG.'

",,;f~ DOLLY lS "'UJUST",,,U TO fiT eARRrER TYP~S

MI\HDY TOOL II'I"'I("S

EXHAUST PORT GASKET FtT

A.RE" SA.t.VAGE.D 8Y

IUNDV

tOOL

Iu uperulillg Uu: tool. the tuol guiue is screwed on the Btting and the facing tool secured in a drill pTellll which iii turned at slow speeds.
[D~UMII'Gj1 RI' F

Jack is standard Ilve-ton hydraulic tYVe, monnted horisontally. Lifting fork is de igned to fit an)! standard carrier plane wheel and swivels in a total ure uf 80 - (4n~ 10 each side of center) .
",BIIJ1£R CVMMEN1"-ThR. Pearl Ha~bor hydJ'ilullc pl;me jack dolly is a useful' device. BuAer ha under production a. hydraulic spotting dolly of 81i"ghdy diffec:ent design and .is AIlW isruing them toaircta£t c:rrrien and aircraft tra:l.1Spo~ts. ~[ia described on pa.ge. 12 of Arrcrdfl CaTriu Bulleti" No. J. BuAer dolly was de.!ligned to supersede crab dollies ~pedfiCilly (or eamer lind shipbuard use. where weight and $paCI! are M II premium. It use 011 rough terrafD will puobably reSUlt ill damJlge. It has adjustable j3"'5 lit" lifting pom.1:.! whicb pennk U!lQ with al!!p[iloes of Vu.ciOIlB tire up t

R"".T •. ·l!l('ir.lIlh.~RI

Make H1andy Spotting DoUy

BuAer Will Consider NAS Needs
!\AS PEAJIL HAflIlOll-Ul ord r to cope with the prohlem of handling nd stowing planes in compact am'! enelosed areas of carg(:1 ships anrl C'at'l'ier, the supply department of this station designed ~ hydraulic plan Jack dolly. Engineered and built by II local trailer manufacturer, fl1e doUy has had several

me

cored copper ring gll.!lket which serves as seal between pipe und ring clamp often proves dilllcult when iL is not pressed or compressed thin enough to ullew a free Bt. of the damp dng over stack pipe. This ,often results in damaged or ruined gaskets and wasted manhours. The A&R engjDe ohmg-e shop has de eloped a simple. effiCient tool which eliminates difficulty of this assembly. Tool is simple to make and operate. being on the much-used principle of two conical surfaces acting one within the other. Outer cone, being split, allows for ~ansion or increase in circumference when male. or inner cone, is forced into it. This expansion is:

34

Recognition of :Plants Is Key to Wealthy Source of Food

in an cmBrgen~.:y you must have some pl'udJeul kn\lw[e$-lge of what lbey look of edible j1i,mts dislrihLlLcu Lhro.ughuul lLle world, De~(.',IpliollS auel pictures will help you There are thousunds

jund sources,

I101) FOI.LOWS WATER iu the order of its unportance in surviva], and i)J~mts ..vill he line or your most valuable

Ttl use them intelligently

undergl'Oulltl PIU'ts. This i~ especially lrue of aqutllic plants. Tubers ure a source of food in 'an parts of the world l.111dare uftelJ .w!lnablt:~llOllgh<Jut LIi· SURVIVAL HIHlS~NO, This 4

like lIml where they grov, •.

identity them, Lot the best Wily to Llmili;l1!'ize yoursell witlr the appear;!lJ(.:e iLL IU lise of edible pbutl) ill to have
S()lnf!on~

ill. ,. SI!1'ieJoj t1.r/i'des "OfJdelUcd/r-om How to Survive uti Land and Sea. flew U. S. Navnl Jrlttitut#! "':xi/blla! iSfl(edby AII1;.. t/Jm7·mj'lins: Di"jriO'1 qjCNO, TndJ,"idll11lwpi.,s mal be pUTCb4$ed from the U. l. ;\[a.'al /:11gjll1li!, Al1nifJ'poH'.s, J\fd;-Ed,

u t!Jejolirth

lems are edible. These huge ferns may he 20 0Jt more feet high and are frmnd ill wet jungle nrens. The succulent f,~liag(; oj' the 't'llnll11O!lswaml) fel'D is hoiled and eaten all a vegetable, It is found eilher ilOUtlllg or all ached to the soil in shallow. still, or sligbtly moving fresh water ill the subteoplcal
and b'opimll regioTIlj

Am erioa , and A ustralasia.

or

Asia,

Africa,

point

them out L.oyou.

~adl

lime ynu are SbU .... ll a plant, make a mental uoteol rhe kind of p!ace (WI:: hl1bi/.ut) in wbleh you Snd it, With<.lul lilly particular ~fforl you. mny SOGm find that you know j!Jst Wh5fC to look £01' Ihe be...t Iood plan ts 0 f a regioll. iVla.:"tery of a few general facts and, [}riJlcip"Jes that you can learn beforehand will help yon to find and TecQgr uizo ruod pll~nts all over the world. ure wklespreud

fVllIl.u fil home UU'Ou,ghU\Tt the world, SIJU111 01' thuse found in North America also grow in the Philippines, in MaM.,my gt'olll's
1.1~ plants

lUY.l, Mdca. Iudht, Chhia, Europe, the

;\n:U,', und other remere places.

111~lUgh the diH-erent kinds or species whieh compose a gl~I.ilUP1ll,IY be l1mil~1 lu t!istr:lbuU(m and hnbitatand may vary ill minor details. all are similar In geueral <l[,)pcartmce. "·lulIY phmls stnre leud (starch) in

lU-

year. J.ncbld climates Wb6l.1 plant food appears c0m,pletely absent. bulbs and rcotscen be f-oum.l by digging where the dl'ie~ plant stalks rernam. The 1'1)01:$ and youqg curled fronds many Ierns are edible and none are kuowu to be potseuous, The food value is not great, but it will iuilp sustain life. Thl: hruke Ieru is eaten by nalives l1U over the world. A fem called Fako furnishes edible young honds Which are eaten either raw or cooked lry l'hi:l.ippille natives. it grows in wet ground, 011 gravel bars, and alcm.gtlle hlillks of strearas, The young shoots of .(l. high-cluubing fern are eaten cooked or raw by natives (J' the SOUtJl Pacilio area and India. This fern grows in thlckets in the vicinity of b.l'llc!klsli. 0;1' salt water, The )~{ll!lIgleaves and termini! buds of tree

or

Tho Inner bark from numerous trees can be eaten raw or conked. The thin, green, outer Lurk and wllite, Ianermost bark ore the most normally usa,bIe for food since brown b~k ordiuarily contuius too much t.arnnin. ArnOl1.g trees whose bark is used as sourees of food are the poplars (including the cottonof pine,

uredoadly poiSonous.

may furnISh a sauree nf food, l,l1l.rticullU'Jy in temperate regions; bUl nu spedes should be tried unless you LU'esure of iLS identity, far some species

A.~'Y ,MUSBll?OMS

are edible and

and the inner bark of a few species nwluding the St:otoh pine 01 northern Europe and Asia. Some plants may be ()UUm only after P.OisQDOUS ur il'l'ittl.lit'lg substances are removed, Among these arc a huge group known <IS tile Aroids, Qf whieh the taro mot, a staple food of the Polynesians. is a gl'mcl exumplc. It is pungent ant] bitter when raw, hUl perl. rootly l~i,l~tl1ble after propsr cooking.

woods aud aspens), birches. willows,

"I;liEI

HIOl'

CLIMBING I'i!J!N

TREE. FERN

SWAMI'

FEI'IN

F,RUIY, BERRIES
ALMOST lS\I!;;1l,\,0NE ha5 picked and eaten raspberIl.. ries or blackberries from thorny brambles near the edges of woods, Fences, roads I;md trails, Tlu~y ognize them as persimmens, Most .Aulericllrul have picked allCle.1.ten the round, dark blueberries that grow .en low bushes in areas where the sqil is aeid, such U~ the borders of bogs andst'<lamps or sandy mountain UJ' eoaseal plain urens. Blue-terries and their dose relutives are found in practically all parts of the werlelexeept Austra!i;t. In temperate zones fruit of S9JI1e kind can be found the year around, though most of them Me i4va51able- only in summer or fall, In tropiGs .Fruih; are available nt all times.

will look the same when found in the Philippines. Pacmc Islands, AIrlca, Australia, Siberia; Alaslw,the Arctic, lind other areas, When a plant appears to be fa.miliw-, use it as yOUI would that kind of plant at home. "The persimmons: of the Philippines Or China,

hut they have (.'haracteli~tic:; by which

for esampls,

differ :!Il)l1')ewhat frOin our Am,erican ones,

yQU

will tee-

JU~E8EFlRV Sruen fwnd ,n N ",rIll, Amer[co. tIIl.tli....... A <lin. Hum"".. i.. for'll!J. ,,-lid 'mou n U1 \ It ~''''''' S, ue n I)"rto 1M ell U. n F"",l,,, r d_rl~rI.

~'eeJ>.

' ' ·'1 ..

PAPAW FIlPIl'" t."",,_ !QLlli!! nlollf ,,-trenm •• II'" .ol"",ed !n t,h~ ~l1Ird "_PI>L~ rrunily I" ".-,pl"". Bu)!JU,....lilt~ u;"J;.. :ing fruit iI<·~kjnn.d ,,"d eiloon ....'"

HAOKIIERR yN"rw:. Aruetl.m, «lm..,ru.t .. Aofu., "o;rrtlwl:n trrdla, 1J;,,,"l'<'. ~lthl!r _(fi IInil. .... ",,,,,,I " ..bit"-1.; U, S. ill bU and wio~r Rn w or oooJ<c$.

-1',_.

HAWTHORN OWl.bCII. "p"i, "'!"'t,e \Bod... "f 14",· ""rat.. "''''1'. Af" ..... Ew<u><., .Ncrrtl, MQ1"i""'l Mnioo., Eim~ IruIl.." R!Id. Y" III'" -411'"11,,,: MO.W, tlKlk"d.

PERSIMMON Tt~"" to ..~ do i.q N ort" JI we rloo.• So~.lh A.m,,""', Me. Mel"". Au.-

MUUlEAFlY
Tr·l!e9. in ..11,unrt ~1 Lft~nPtlra. U! tf"I1:UU1~ i.n 8"b·trol;li""I,,,giQlti<_ Com1110""" tJ S. Lt•• 1,I.mn"" Mul\.oO'Ti .. ...... lb<>d ellh., row ur cooked.

.... only "n., and fl"'uit.6.

P:Ooi~" L,1....'db- Rip .. ate (!II LNI raw, ¢[~'Qk@d_

....«

eH£RIlIt;.S, PU)MS. APRU::OTS Tre ...... lid bill; IT",.. "".th, anrl ..~utll '01",", U. tI, In ~~ m","1' o.n4 (,,11 """Wnil'll>,. ~h.gI" 8e.etl:, wokL-d. ill Oldlble,
telllPtl<"IIW

""w '"

.Ii'",;i,

OUflRE;N'f'S. GOOSEBERRIES '[ ~'W·, ~om~t1 mom - ",io'kJy, ~hr"hn \hro"~hon! An i..rtclJ",_ Eurupe., A&i.a, Nllr_th A/ri"", ... u~t.ru.I~. ~lo<: "I 'Bf!:r-r11118" Mill 1Jd iIlllrrt t!1W ur tiook~d~

[",r._

8l.ACKB EIIIU Eli.• RASPS £RillES Shrub., ",.o.ld",m .._ tnuad lu t.he: UJ1.i~d Sm.t1!8 in. aummer, i,JI OJlllllll!nd "lid tOl1!;lt IlllLqijD._ Th~)I • '" ,..",t<>li eJ tHer 1"\>., or oeoked.

""",1.1'

'ELOEABEflflV
J-)"oh8 (oun.d I.. NUdl' "',,[ South A rneri OJ!:. EuFtlJ.le, "~",, tuUJ -"" ... j mUJ\. lte<l;Jlil-h er l)'lltIlr l .. mC>! 1>1:,' good €!JJ;tnll ~tli.b(!-y rn-'I;If Or oq.n'k",d

BLUEBERRIES.

CRitNffERR~

Shrub. I."",cl lu !lit' A' .•li~. "Qrth

nur~lh

W n1PC"'~Q !lIlU trQIlI""-' "_fWO" A bu m.l{ln~ in burnetl nJ'at ~ ,,1 t·b r.

mi!l,hlu

l(!i1JJ(lf

f1l W (,.~ ~IO.f}~;:i.

GRIPES C1imtlmg gm,pe:vfll,i:"K ft:n1 Icuud 1"""ly worlrl Wfd'~l c bl[udw1t In t ha UnirQd S!.4{~ In 1<iIl nod wUlt-.l., G t"1l e.~ Ifl re e~tUm ;ru w Or f·ookel\ m

LEAVES,

STEM:S

DIli...." i>QRTlO!'i!l o~ plQ:Ilts vary 'grelltir.in ' their , food value. A diet of leaves alone IS at best Uke eating only spinacb. Seleet young, tender leaves in preference to old ones, and boil them. Change the wafer if they are bitter. Buds are still more nourishing. Theseems of some plants ureexcellent, fu:mis!;dng starch. sugar, oils, and greens, .By£ar the larges! pa.r,t of human food comes from such grasses as oats. wheat" com" and rice. Grasses are distinguished by their joined and hollow stems,

wll'~rILlw.hl"J l,lII),.V{'Ilf 11th t'nlo:l) r[LW~ d. '1\, bom. or 8Q mo ~ll!!cil!l. nr,e ~d ble whe I, ,iI (>rc"lllllly """kc(i I

... ..,Ill

S"'"U

r>~\lM"

"".

fr>tJud

I"... r!:.

DANDELION W,,~<b are reund tn ",<)oJ of the

d~U;M:d """Id. Y<>"1\~ f.av". ere edihle "'~ .,, !l<\tJk<:d. ~J\<,I t.lIf)lirll1~ ,,,,<l. olilky l'nm" mll_y be e;>:ten rnw,

We,,w, fOl\I,d In "II I<'''''''' ru t» an,d '1'''1);0 ~lIn., U S_ in ~~ril1l! ,..:fill aummer. Lc.ti.v~ a.J!'e"" lJatm:\ leu(,k~d U~ "l'~!l).:o}; ~rl~ nre flater • .t,ou1j.tlf"L

DGCI(
W'~dW!; rO~U.11.tin Llnnl. ~Uitl ~U\L~t. ~mUE-ta' I~ rNr:.I.J,rL~ ~'ud in iLhl'Jlll .. ~. t brO"l>l";I\t! ""PI I,,~ an ,I r~ll. 'i'.0 "I: b<\all-lloJ<,,"eJ< nrc ""-I",, hnil.,d Dr "D...-. -'''It...1J~ 111,,-", \\'ltb \\'"ddwhl~ <'1;;.'1. .... butrooj ID"nd iv l) S In ~umm6' lind "1111. FI""i>}, ~to.nl. "ttl ... ,to_" wh en O'O'Q uglfl,'y boHe,1

k","'" "o,i

NUTS, SEEDS
forest foods and are found threugheut the world. Pine trees grow lh_roughout the North Ternperate Zone and seeds hom the cones of mallY of them me edilale i'lnd "'elY sustaining, The slagle leal plne, the s·ugllr pine, the limber pine. the nut or pinon pine, and Ole Coulter pine of our Ameriean West produce CQ,IlElS 'oontaining seeds 0)" nuts that are both t~sty and nourishing. Jt is Dot necessary to be able to' dllfer·entia.te between pines, Recognizable members of the pine family _bearing edihle seeds also grow in the Tropical and South Temperate Zones.

DIBJ.,E NV:I'S are the most sustllining

of

an

raW

u,niifJ.111:1:.t u u

r.u.r,~" rurtoat

,,"~.r~J'a.~,

Itrlm light

ttl ,~,,,l ~'" •.z.oflli!. NuJs ~w.t!"

tlIi_ (~u.rk s II_lt.10 t,.f1

S-EEGH rrees 111'Iid'h,ln~ lri. X" 'U"~lh

t'.'1.w~ ,"~jl.'1'YfH.g ~~~ll

HAZaN ur h~l!Iht:S 'Witl'..: l'!u(,.s. iu ,-1"",,'11;, """1',,,<1 hy 1,;>If-I;!"" 1o,,"k. !""mol l:<1 No;frLl, "nwrim" W ... , Intlie~, RU1"UpP, A~u &... raw. lOn
SIIUlII !,I~~e.a ur

PILI NUT
I •.~t:Ii=~ f'Jrnl. ~I"\-LC!I';' ,It:h:r-d Ii nuer Il'i,t~~ Jri:a.n,~lo rill IIr(Xs,'!; !JtHltiflll p4)ln(~
l

~"d:;'" P<LciIi~;.h",(Is" M"l~y" b:u t t(};ltlitiu,!l i ft. proves 'h u-

WJH

n"w,

o.

']',,,.. _Il:''''''' 011.\""",.0. "Old. V~"~'<i~!il. tn hu",O"hllI' flJrcto!!l.a "' 8",-.i1. 'I.be G.",w~1I .''''''h'' 150 It.. III ht!i;Q;'l>t, ~n<l 4 1<_ fn <lil>.rloete., E .. to" .nw,
lit THE FOUDWLNG ISSUE.: nUIlHG fOIJ

BRAZIL NUT

FQD~

MARINE MEC ANICS KEEP PLANES LYING

gee gellcrll.l _'l:Iillilliug ill PropeRer specialisis learn mainrenance and mechanical work, then have oppot'luail:)' overhaul p.l'oceclu.re ~ "'eU as ground ro speclalize in one phase of rhe t(:'Iining adjustment, tesTing lind trouble sbootlng

Av,ialJon mac~inists

Inslrument technicians: master fu:t of repair, complete overheul and testing of elecr!'i'e, pressure, magneeic, .gy.l'oscopic typlf:s
{tines before receivfug Inslrueti u OD 'v\'ri_g}1t n-J 20, 11-2600 and Pratt & "Vbitney R-J SO, R-2800 types. vcrhaul practice, lest celis and line operations complete th l6-week course. Instrument lralnlng includes repair; overhaul, calibration. insfai!atinn and te~ti[Jg of pressure, elsctrfoal and I;WfU' :'IN pic inSll'lltMl1ls al; well as 'Illtl.gl1eUc
contpns ies
;1H1'l

Marine technicians specialize in propeller, instrument, ca.rburetor, hydraulic and ,engine maintenance procedures
MarW\:: plune iu the alr, lcdluiC.'lI11y trulrrad men on fhe ground w110 have made it1ffighl possible. Can:lully [rained Leathernecks, gmdutlttls of teehnlcnl schools scattered thrt.lugllUul the COUntry" are well qunli11etl for duty in taotical units or A&B sl: "ps to disassemble, overhaul and teSt aircraft PI.lITs and acoesseries. After boot camp, MuriHes selected lor mechanical ITaining report to a oval Technical Training enter for introduotion to the Aviation marh.j:nist cerese, Tlli$: general backgrouno. permits him to speeinlize:. providing l'is
DOll

J.:--'

J;:VI::iW

UterI:!

JU'C

schclusue standing is sadsfactory. \VllI;lIl accepted for specialized trainitlg, lvlariTleS repnrt to • T."I' Chicago for work io one of five schools. Propeller school gives inslruction in maintenance and overhaul ol CUJussElectric and I1n.milton tnndard pTOpS Including gr und udjustabl and two position On,tilflt pee. Trouble sh00ting is lre sed und students must learn to identify mid ~IT ct shortcomings. whether iL is Inleraal leakage in the governor or fatigue points ill the blade. Engine speolallsts learn we of hand rools and [undamentals of aircl'aft en-

other lnstrurnents.

systems. Hydraulic specialists learn basic princtples, types of oil, packing functions, locatluns uf units,typ:lcru ~yst0lnS and their arrangements, hydraulic turrets, as well as rmseellaaeous equipment such 8S de-icing sy~tems, fire ex.tingulshers und engine fuel $y'tems.

flout and

III school are capable of setting up £low SroneX'l'S testing oarbureter of pumps, bench for 011 typeli
ill tlleir OWJl inj

otion CArburetors and fuel

12

MARINE NURSED CRIPPLED CORSAIR THROUGH ACTION

,,( tI, ~IOlrine orp~ Ji~,'\t 1111111. tw till l~' 1,i~ liqllildrou Uu:'t:H sed " schod uled slnke
;1.j.lrlln:>t II,

.101.1 :;kinlilll,1l1 alotl£ uu.lc« Ull ""'ft'aSl. fllr ttlt' sl;;y W;I..' "lolllifl4L JIIM ," Ilwy were dr~ diu'! h,,' the strike, ti,e) 11101 1I [orruation ,If
l·,'lltrllillg [rum lilt-II' IniSS1ou , .1;111 WI'HI ~tldNlill!( nt tl,f' 11;Jt'ls of trw Ld"""/UJ'5-SU lIi{ Crlt\,"11'8 rose to the :ilttJ"'~ 'I'll.)\' l'Ul1lhed til 2-'1-JIOOteet .11111 plrll1[1!!

H-2..j',o,;

'J gvl tll.lt old Ieeling!"

Japs. ·h

TCl.LIMkcd Oil'

crrt-l ·d un,"~n, wus

il lrnjJ lWIilid, lhrl 1.111\£'11turned fI'lt to h,~ sun fI f'j," ,,,,,I"r a~

IIllllnt

Lieutenant 11"d
Oil!

Z('m~ were rnakiue

t<lltmmnd",

A. -sudi1!!111J. J"~~dlzl~lI lIi5 had c), II"dE'I', Iiul Ill!' Bglil

1':1S

.·s o1t till'

Lt.

p.llid .. d J 1\$ -limpIng DluJ/~ anlll"d

11)111); l'lHIlIl!:h

~'l'M"(!JI1

!,LUI. !i(l

((1 wunl oft two :JUuek" it 11ll11'1 iii};:;' Ill' ),Il')~ IUlig It. rt'('UglllJ: :.I npplc. ami LL. .\ SHOll hud I1l1t·1' 74'1'0& '1\ Iri~ tail. nnd );1:1' Itll~'I'T'li ~"'i~Llillg b)' CI1.TS.

the ~I<y

1\.

donly .saw tltru it wus covered by In!(1k~, bull-dozers IUld III!!II working, l l hnd II" dll iet'. Hi- kfl:kl'd lli~ ruelder, set tho: plntle du IVIJ lo tlll,~ ."Jl' [lud .dodged lrm'k" and JlIJll-i1'pA1r~ ]_Iy b.it,khlg the right nrul leI! rudder LUt)llllllg up in Irout of him WIIS a. hug!' tht(·", He unbuckled his strap, knelt rlnwu til' lilt! 110m of !.I,e CD l..'Fi t ,1.lId held on us the plane sbuuk somclhlllg soHd m,d lUI "ed 0\'1-''1', H,' \\fl~ IiHl'fl ont, unhurt. by II man wlrc !lfLzuli 111111!tIl' JI1(~I'. and suidl "jeez , .. YOU'H' rrtluJ Davenport, Jowu, aren't youP"

,III IH;l"Llp,("

rlnnuunllsin, if' Il ),1I'l"ug{1d 11I'1I.~'Y ;11'( ion hc'hwf'" lIu'Iir squad rou II" 1 r TIr,
rUfttlUUill1

the 1.11"11:111'11_

11 'iu!;;I

wlrlh

1111 tli.- ~l,)t

11[' pusher! the .stick fonll:ull rnt Ull ,J.rtlpL dive ~II()(I UO euse a~" list II lfh'ullf; 1:111 "I!lId, 5\11111"11" 1,h mntnr quit. Tlc s\lI'iltly IfIunipllllltrld tl.ll' eonhnls, J.li1t hL~ motor goillg ~pll~mllcll('a]]', IWlldNl {lit hUIIII '~Il11 hi rnnter missill~ und 111~hl~ oI1W"J(! by Ille seeouds, Liculr-nanl \, r~dl"l·d uI"'-'ld "ht'li!J!'L' Flit un e1il'lT!!(,ll~" b 11~1 iTl).<." 11(' ["<l-llW ,II t'l ,tin: ridge h. L1le Hurth IOf ill[' strip, und sud-

Ilis

MARINES AUTHORIZE DISTINCTIV'EINSIGNIA

ill

AIII""

LIIII!'S

1lllilt>'

~1IIl1lllh 'I

il1!iigLl ill

II run

WI'US'S

eve!'

bell

!lIIII'I'

II(,

ity C 1'11"'1':\1 ,('0I'!!t' \\'ash; ugtnn ill Ihc' Amerieau IlCVU!UUlllI. f,lt purposes (i

Its

IJhltll'\'.

1'1 '"II IJllil

Utlld!

luM {_'J'I'lbl.,.\(11I dUll

Corps. rlrvisiuun], .md ~ in ~'"'li-4'(,lon~{_1ll :il,tuS' e lin' 11'11 Slllllllck'r 01 the

IIIII lorrns Ilf ,I; 1rnilH's ,.11 lelll (. o:\lld 1\11 save in lilt· Inr\\';l1'Il,'or;nh<ll HI'PllS.

,il'om tilt' two in -il!llill

used

II

.\1 urines in \"'Hthl Wur I-till' Stm' ruul I nd hill H"tlll ,II ill(' !lilt! negu.lI.l1.~ An:ny Division. of whIch the 5t-h Imd lull

di1ltin~1rMrillJ.!; 1""IK ill 111Ulf". a.nd 11w present 'Purplll fk,trt ~ I 'dul wus m-f)J.inaU" u Slullllder pnteh untl also worn III! tlu> le~I lihm!ldf'1 u filII" 11II lfnrm, SUeil shoulder illsigrun ure C!nI'jULT[lull! to tho college colors and tJle ira teriur] enrhlerru sn widl-'ly !.1ispJ"yed. 1L i~
iuiporlunl , hi I~ lI1i.1itari'[lsu~e, l!O\

Marine
the Fifth and l.3th
(II

l'h"gin 1f'l1t~
Brigade

Wt'j'l" II ruu'L; ,lIIel iusiguia o[ the J l th

Rb'gilll('nts--Um
ll.HIII
;t

punderl its. uuth,wi:t.ed sh!luhlFI' l.W.1g,Tlia

lin less rluz <11 sll.eh diflerent

Corpt; has

t'_~-

pulchus, Ol'f~fn or SlLloll ill~i~tlu g£'tu-'I,:tlly is t1tlrilmlC'd tu tile vllied forces In Wodd

uults on tilL' tkl\d of huula-rnninlv bv lim 'Bl'iti.lih unrl Llwh "nl,'lIin] [urn'!!, Tu (hL' pt12Sent \ ur, the Bl'ilidl lurco tJ I lIS(' the
slumilLer

I aur] originally "dl)pted prl~t>'i 11(' swlft itl,'n.l.incatinu nt'

\VlIT

rtll'

pur-

nlv as an uid II) rOl'oj!nir;iol1 hut ill> 1111 ~Jl"mcn! 10 In!iHlI pride of outfit illLo thlt' \V ,(1.1'01'. COMel',ll use f~f slumltler insignia. tll)\w\'~'r, hegnn wil h [be ~Irnf'illl ;~pprovnl in \\ 0 ld Wur I when the Eiglll} -Hrst Divfsion. II rlll1t~ to France in L!:U created thetr W!ldtml ~IJI)ltlrr(,1 tI, pntch, made of fdL and sewn un lhe I.. fl ~h{'lll lde-r, Sl1b!~e(l"(,ll [hI HJI Oi\'i~ inu _ both III heme and abroad. I'e-ceived clllLlltll'i7Jl tion rnr indlvidnal d e$!gll~. HUt! soon S]1l'rinl ht<ll eirrJ":. 1\ nuy Corps_ und nther units had llrclr disIilt('lh f' tllm-king:s. There ill' 11II U'C thnn :J.B!'j sneh lnIiignhl LlI~W ill f~Wil-

pnteh
1n,IIIY

(\I\itll ('orr('spPlulilig
l'Hal''';)

hul wi tIl
ill-

b.unl lit
b'llrPP~ ", signia

fill'

Id,'uli,ticnthll1

!lUI

rh f'\ A merienns,

[rum '\l'ill~ clitp1n~'("J LI1 lilly area the Ilrst rule is thnl it hnll not conllict whore it mav be seen by thl' ")WIIIY. \\ itl I (Jf II dn~ldy l"C.SeJJIh1(' .n I) e..x istiu){ It hi\$ lnl'-11 -aid tlfllt slll·1i in~igJlia {1m', 11(11' filiV IISt'd hit (hf' ClI"HI>'. fllf:> til ' II}II k" u phnst" ( f thu h raldr), of shUll r~('oglllLj(lII of allY irlsignilt is n nlleiuut times-:llId snpparl In Ihi5- is prilllHI'Y t',~.Pllti:!l Oilly rille snt'll ill~iI'l'l\ hy j hI;! facl ~ud I ill~iglljl'l m'e signia mll.)1 Ill' \\'0,11 III 1:on)1 timr' by (my worn eln Ihe Jl'ft shou Idc'l' lI,S Lho loft memhl'r of tll(' Iln:nl.'d fI11"ll{,_~-i'l1ld ~ 1 ::tun (IF lIle ].,TliJ;/.ht of tlld II ,l~ HI line w,'ys till Iftt> l-ft s}lnlllclPf.'Vellre,w ,dlidl V,lT t!l·d Iris shltlllt, eu\hllZ'll1(~d 11111)' c.;wrthltll' Lu \1'(' th i-llsltplia lIutii with hi, rank or crcst. IIl~nl1YriCll the jll ill ill~ II n it I tU\"jllQ: its PWTi dr.JIign, Ihllt sud I sllDlIldl;;\f [l 1(111 WaS <llILJloril;:Kl lI"IlI"I"'" I... " JJlIlI. I", ,~Jj/",(, "'~III,J

Few r->>:l't'pti()n~ prrlhihit

IH, isionul

em: in the furL''S

TIL dt'signillg ,I

\if

t11C

III'''"

Bnikd S 'nt('s. !iIltlllldN p,lt('h

13

KEEPING I TRIM ABOARD CARRIERS

Limited time and space is problem
14

Fnlhletio
,":VEl) ,

ITFJ.

1'111'.

lIfficers

1'I!ll fll.E1>. I of Ihnileel lime tlild spuee, aboard carriers have tllXeJ their inge-

nuitv

which will flJlilll lhe JUHI PUJ'{Jll (It kcepillg men fit .1Il 1 ut lh> ~uml:' tim provide relnxinu recrea ion, Eruhusi.isn: wtrh 'vvhit'h the program 1.ilt. 1 ieen accepted by nffi!'fHs :)nd enlisled men attests [I.) t[w SHCCt'SS of lhr- 1111111. A!hle1k 11110gfllms tire us diversifie.d [IS clirnules in which
however, tlJlW are rimilar games. Miniature gYlllllll-

ro pre

ido n nuval aviulinn

physk-al

training

program

shun hal" hoe-I! h\1ilt lw n rsuntu 1 Oil St" (,'nil curriers iuu] ure tile> soen« or 11111 -h uvtivltv 1""(1111 tlnwu until alter dusk, l1'ligh t unrl hangar decks 11 re • rnarkerl lor \'~llley hall, ulIlL· mlnton and basket hall C()\lrt~ while plune elevators, tn ,1,

111fWnr '(mel IIc ted , Hasically, in th~lt they stress competitive

huJr-raised l}(Jsitj(}n, IJI tou douhlo as J.II.mdl)!ll1 1.lud volley bull courts, ;IS well us provide 11 raised bo;\;ng nrenn, Om.' 1l1Itt()P whiull has seen considerable Hction had a /ooUl<lll It'arn whiciJ. IVI!rJ.:CJ nul regularly durfng the se-ason 11mI played one oEI1\ pre-Bight squadron teams durfng ;\ iii erty p(~I'iod ashU1"ll. Auothe» h. t1 u h, 'ket I nil leagu II! 'wLldl 2 teams competed; with winrring squad members being presented gold baskee halls by the slipper -PII. prubleni of filling ",1 all IIetic I'l"Ogf:lI11 into au tl1r(·aJr 11111 plun of lhe day has been sal etl nn nne currier

hy

lit an ex!:'clltiv • plJil.'l"'S men 100'llmllllll whidl reads "r'ilhlctll' hOIJ.r may hi> held ut nny rhne. \Nben Pl"tlotit'all10 it will lie scheuuled O.lJ the pJM of the duy.
vtrtu in part:

l.l:EN m roar. swhnmln.g' the major activity und several lhensand ncn-swlmmers have been tm.lght how to handle thernselv in wntcr, F.mph3sis is placed on life-saving skills rather than ou speed and style. The fad that sorn ~If the personnel ub HId have see-n III II dr()\ n because '-'II an Iuabillty 10 swim has h ightencd interest in swimming. Competilive team Spotts are also enillyt~d • shnr , wfth luterest c ntered in has ban, softball and toll d) footbiLl!. Publi{.·~IJiril(·~1ciUz ns in some dUes wlu-re carriers dock 11.1\'e-TJI'nvidl'-d fa('ilities !.II local alhJdic li"'lds l1r;u!1gym 1111·

slums. III the B'ldfic t:h0t~ter several rille- recreation centers J Illl'e 11 en eenstruetesl by naval phYSi('lll tJ'.oining nm(~er$

~ I,elher

0; !l(,>1

scheduled,

the

rlour

",-ill be

11)]1)01.11),-,00,"

tu order

to

give c.'I1'l'iercrews an opptlt1:llnity to eseroise.

lS

OIHCI~.U, n1J:SIC_,_.'1EH

HODEL NAVY .\RMY

\JlPROV0D

NA~\'IE

DES]C1>."'ER

OH1CINJ\L_

MODEL 1, \'1' AIU,!Y

APPR

VIm NAME

BOMBERS
Boeing ." .......... Douglas Oouglas Con..,lidaled North Ath&rkai'i , .. Marlin Boeing ", .... Vega Dough,,,
•• 4 •

B-l1
8.10

8-23 B~24

I
JM
PV
110

S.2S

PB4Y PII;

.......
_ ~

- ..
.J. ~ ••

......

B-2li 8.29 11-34 A.lO (P-70j

FORTiRES5 BOLO DRAGON LIBERATOR MITCHELL MARAUDEII SUPERFORlRESS VENTURA I-tAVOC (BOSTON)'
DAUNTl!;SS

Cu,:ti~'!'i - - ~ -

.....

4.2.S
A·2.9

lotkhoe<l Marl; Vultee .. BroYls'e_! Norlh America"

Gru(TImc_"

ISIJ2.C, SSW, and SIIF

HELlOIVER HUDSON BALT'MO'RE VENGEANCE BERMUDA MUSTANG AVENGER CATALINA. C:ORONADO MARINER

peo

Canu.lld",.d

.,

Doughu

.....

1 A-24

SR!)

Con"olidol ed MarUn _ ....... "I

.....

J
"

A-30 A-31. A-35

A.J4

S8·2A I TII'F,IBM PlI'(, PB28., andPlIN PB:lY PBM

A-36(P-S1 OA·IO

fIGHT·ERS
loc-kheed B,ell Cllrlln

.. . .. ... . .
"
,

....
•,

P-38 P..J'1 P-40

R,epllblit , .•. , Republic . ..,.,,' Narfh AnnJri·can

1'-43

..

'·47

P..s I lA-361

LIGHTNING AIRACOBRA WARHAWK (J<lnVH"'Wl(l~ LANC.ER THUNDERBOLT MUST'ANG

Northrop Dou9la~

...... ~ ..
,,

. ....

P-70 (1'-20) F4U, FG, FlG,ond F3A RlF r:4F, FM

p~,

Vought.Sikorsky GrummanGrummon

BLACK WIDOW HAVOC (BOSTON)' CORSAIR HELLCAT WILDCAT

L.IAISON'
TaylofCfofl Aeron(o

:::: I

l-1 (0-S7) L--.3 (0-581

GRASSHOPPER GRA.SSHOPP-ER

II

Pip"" VlJltee

••

..... ··1
~'I
I

L-4 (0-59) LoS (0.6.2)

!liE
0'(

GRASSHOPPER SENTINEL

OBSERVATION
Vult ...
ClI,fin

"

l ..d.hced Tayla.craft A-e"anca

. ... .....
,

0-56 (B-34)
0-51 (1.-2)

0-49 0-52

VIGrLANT
OWL

OoSS (l-3-)

VENTURA GRAS $ 1'1 Q P-PER GRASSHOPPER

Plp~r , •t •"~ Vuhee. " Curli ... VO~ Sil'.Si1<o r~l!;y

. ... ..
.....

0·59 (L-4J 0-62 lL.5) SOJC OS2U, OS2J"

·'1
j
AT.ll 8T.9,8'T.14 IIT.12 PT-13,PT-17 PT-18, PT.27 PT.19, Pl-23 PT.26 PT-l1,PM2

GRASSHOPPER SENTINEL SEAGULL KINGFISI::I;ER

,J R A IN £RS
Nodh Beech Beech B!!ech BO";"9 Nor.h. CenMa Ameri~"n .. ~
.. <0.......

............
"

-.
....

AT~ AT.7
A1-10

SNJ SN8 SNB lRC PBO

, ... ~ ....... '" .. Arne,;.,.,n

1 ..... ~ •

-.

Lockheed Vulln

.. - ...... I . ... ... ...

~. : ~. :: - : I

AT. 11 AT-IS AT.16 AT-I7 [UC.78) AT.' B [A.29) AT-19

'I'EXAN (HARVAiW)' NAVIGATOR WICHITA KANSAN GREWMA!<£R HARVARD BOBCAT (CRANE)" HUDSOI'I RELl4NT

Faj,chlld -. c ...••• North Amerl<ttn Fleelwing , •......

Staa'man

GUNNER
YALE N1S

SOPHOMOIU C:AYDET CORNell

Fairchild Ryoll Tim... Cur1i~.

I NR
N2'T

SNC.

RECRUIT TUTOR FALCON

TRANSPORTS
Be"ch .. .. B.. ech Curtiss Douglas 001,191", Doughu l.ockheed fairchild

----

C-.43 C.4S
c!-46

C-47 C-49, (:-53 e'-54

lise
1l4D H4D RSD

GB J!tB

c-ss,

C-60

" ,,,•

UC-61

GK

Rsa

TRAVELLER ~XPHlITOR COMMANDO SK'f1RAIN iDAKOTAI' SKYTROOf'ER (DAKOTA)" 5 KYMASTER LOD~TAR FORWARI'l'ER (ARGUS)"

HO\iVa,c! ~o.kh" ..d Curl ... ._ CanTl"

.....

... ... ... ~. - ~.. ~

...

..

~ .......

OM

Ca ... olid'aled VOu9hl..s;"on~y Gtumman Grumman

"'I
..

C-63 (AT-I a) C-76 UC-78 (AT-In N7 OA-9

JRC
R'f

NIGHTINGALE HUDSON CARAVAN BOBCAT LIBERATOR EXCAUBUR GOOSE WIDGEON

JR25 JRF J4f:

16

PHOTO

INTERPRETATION

,
(GUAM (USA) EN WETQI(

" I MARSIU

LLS"!'

.I'

.,,_

..

....

A R

«: ...

i'

• T~U K

.
!:,JPO,~APE

'"

fc

91

I'~~2? ti'l' L III the (IF lSlllmlli ~licrouesiau

:ague
t"dL1J

~uHoll~ mllJlc:hl!f'~ lO J~\.pn~l eer-

arl'" 01- the }'a.ti.6c to

Japan's policy of fortifyiug tho Marshalls aud neighburin T i 'Iaut! p0:-rtinus was intended to protect her ulti-

he .1. lministered as all inte tr(J portion 0F hel' empir • As LI rJlattl"l' Ill' fact. J ap,JII hall already alter the eutl Jrtr,'tk of 'Votld \-\'ur L seized these islands hom Germany. who llQd purehn 'od HICni From Spnin ill 1 ~)9. 'rhe exception wa~ Cuarn in III!:"vlartauas. which Ita l belonged to the U. . since 1 98." Tlu mauelate. th -refor . came in th \"ay (if U c"N1JiI'T1Jatioll, or "otl~ of l'OllRdef1cf', ttl Japl,l.li. Wheil J allan withwvw from I he- T,f'agn(' (Uma). no pressure v as plueed 1Ipon her to give 1I11 U, manda tf>tl islands. I'll . islauds ure in fUlir contiguous rroup : L, L) [ lsLANJ). Iplug nearest ttl(' l)hiiippw~s, II. CannLlNK

mate goal

tu the sou til, as w~ll us of spreadin,g her altgis over more alld II Inn: territory in the Allial'ic rlornaiu. Soon to fol-

or seizing S )UI'l!

II uf

raw materials

ill

the lands

low. iJ not automatically, wus llre elimination

of Britain,

France, Nethorlands and the l1. S. frorn tb cri nt, These aspirations are r fleet d ill the doctrine of h "Creuter East tlsJa oprospecity S-phel'f'-," which Japan IUJ:i loudly ljhotlte~1from Tukyo rot)Hops as the b aeon light oj Iier desti ny. It is an expansionist doctrine, has the double-barreled furthest springboard in 11It>Pacific! while placing the UI1!trd Nations closer to the rest of the [upuucse mandated islands und to Tokyo itself. Naval viatiou plays a smashing rOle i11 aecomplilihing this main ebj etiv...... nd ,it Ugi1tl:rs, bomber , a
S

Q'tl\ 171m- ur the offIarshalls effect of cutting Japan's

lSJ..A!>;us.SlTGt('h'ing aercss un east-west axis north of I I"W ClIinNI and Uli:l S~llprnolls. Lll, \1',l.RI N' s fSL.i\NO , 011 H 1I0rtlN) uth axis above- Ul~ Carolines, lWU T ,),LARS.lJALl.. Is~ IJS. wbicll form tilt, ea tt"rll Tim .,f I-LI:! Japan lit'
Pacific errrpire,
f"II'I,,·,'
t1 'tLu
LlJ

patnol and reconnaissance

planes Ilj Over broad expanses

,1{I~:l'

w~... fll"'tH'H1j,~1 uu.L.r

,,",I ,"1~u,1 10" ,111111111"fT.", Ilrr'

U.. l'IIt.-tI

l.1

11.1' \\"oPII1JJJH:'H.HI

"ml.'I, 'IIi !',,,\rl 1-1" rI".,

f)1~~I"JI'1l11l('1I1

l 'uu ...

of the Pacific performing missions that will culo:tiuate in the filial .~i1t'lIdngof the enemy in the lays to COIne, 17

~~
IN a""MIER PI'\"51W'UISH"LL5 O~"(;AEO P ... M- ".1.0(0 5TrHIII.LJ;
IV

WATER

ANYO·, CHO GOVERNS MANDATED

the Nnpplied dlrcctcr, Japanese i.IPPointed Us boss, or who Is
A..'YO"CHO is (0 rH1Jfl6

ISLANDS

the

theonltiu<llIy by th emperor but actually h)' Lh r-abin t. Ii es at Koror un Palau I -land. He answers dir ctJy to the 1inis 01' of verseas A1fair~ in Tukyo on broad pGH ies, and to oth r I inisters in matter comlug under their par ollos, The director of Nanyn-che administers his scattered charge outside the sphere nf leglslutieu ot the Imperial Diet. CQuerul laws are laid down by Imperial ordinance, and oft en the direetor's ftlsporll>ibilily consists in applyll.lg to the mandated territliT)' Jaws [hul already cxlst in japan. proper. His administration is ilivltlt:)d iulu three secl.il:m:;: SE _11E~ "'AIUA'r. including general a.ifa..i1"8. rchive» and ICt!l!I"ds and a investigat:ioJ]~ Department of I OM,Ksn' Alt,FAlRS, which handles local oHairJ;, school .. {jouJlces, poUeiug and pul)li • \ urks; Departm III gf ECONO rrc DEVELOPMeNT, to wbich is assl med responsilillrty for agrieulture, [urestry, commerce

of die .systf'm t,l .. dminisi:mUOll m:1ndaled Snut]: Seas islands.

communlcalfons, tnm~port anti postal alFLrirs. Branclt bureaus situllipd in srrate .rIC towns rtmcmg the .islands :spJ'euil lhe Inllueuc tlf Naftyu·cho locally. BUTeau chi fs uppolntcd h the director baok at Koror () ersce C nsus laking, almsg] lng, pollclng, hygiene. tax xilleettng, ede atlon.j·cligioll. industry, engru 01'ing and harbor works. They may administer tlll:~hn locally .and, in some cases, ill n . ~enia.1 r gulatl,m .. udvanee in Ihe the uf the rnandated NanyoNmust outerourllrnlrs to AmericanPMiIlc ha~ crashed through chn give way proce of. government.
IIW1h1\[

Hllt1 i!ldl1~lry. marine imlnstry,

[aps'

empire,

':;(;$

As eueli MRrShilll pnsltion f(l11 to th t\r'rmril"lLl1 rorcf'~, Admiral Nim1tz, 1"18 thout r commander, W(1$ proclaimed ?\UlitUl') Covemor lo lhe nal ives. This goven rnenl is ndminister db), officCfs sf' eially trniued in the Nav 1 'chopl of MlIitaf_ CoveTlun~ut uuxl Admiuistratlon set up in 1942 ;11 'oJumblH niversit ill pr 'parut.km rn, this d \II:'I prnent.

18

Permanent nalure

or defense

mandate conditions

i[l$mHan"lls COlUrIl[Y I" peaceful is eeflecced in nir trips on Euhvewk bLand

oj' the U. S. NtlVy"commande(.l assault en February 1. the ouly h '<I\'il\ nlt1 ilird atoll in the Mru:shatls. Bul situated U'I it is at the slratctic heart of ilitoup, it L~not difficlJlt III understand lhat th e>1t'11I nt surpris , (;'xp]oitco hy the l\'flVY for all it was worth, proved highly

K'nut was

KWAJALEIN: ATOLL'S PULSE

'AJALEL'\,

world's largest art1U. whidl received the brunt

drl::c[ivc. For to belt h ID\adill~ Murlnes on Hoi ilntl NlLIlluf Islands Iu the north, uud 1'111- troops on "w(l.i~eill Islund ill tho south of Kwajnleln Atoll, ntl\Ill surface unrts l)y-pass<>d <1I1,1 ti~kell Jr a~lacl- f ..ow II ·igh borillg rl)['lilil·d atnlls: J uluit, ~I!lle, l\lHJoelf~p. \V(ltjf..~. This threat was I tSl>enud, huwI:n:!L 11, the tlio[ollgh joh p ..... l(l\.l~ly (lp)1e by N. vy nntl , Arm \' air tOl'I.:I.'S ol' siuglillg out J ftp th<fellses hy ca mora nnd ef shntl l'iJlg lnstnllations ll[tU111S nnd an- [lI.dUties uy CcC.1SCl(:·~'ipoumlillg. it 11I'ril.lg . alvos IrollL til, guns ol ,uvnneill~ surface units of the Fleet Ilddc-d to 'the destruotion lh:lt 111l\.ll'cd dmvn nu the J <IPS from Ute air. pt'1'11tions- 111' air. UL'l~t illld gl'l'\uml orees pro -eed J with perfet'l timing and '~ll1rt1innli(lIl,

Rol Islalld connecrs with NalllUr bland norrhe ..n boundary of fordJied Kwajaleia,

by

eauseway, forming wOJ:ld's I~rgesl alUlI

,AERIAL

IIIE'V.

OF aOOMER.I<IG_Slh'PEO
Al'OU.. REVEAL5

IKWA),ALIIN

ISLAN,D,

SOUTHERN TIP'
"FOR AIRCRAIfl'

OF KWAJALEIN

JAPANESE

PEVELOPMENT

19

LAGOON

SERVICE

APRO

f!ARRACKS AREA

MILLE IS OU _ ON LIMB
tnnI'JgnlllHhnped Ulle lbe i£ied P'I'e-..Pu:u:Lilm'bnr Mu.LE, strongly fm-(Sl)JOlwlingisL11J~l rut lln! Atoll, l.Jy islands
lhccuerny on the of
11f III e

PACIFIC

OCEAN
;OSSERVATION
1

lypifies

,J"£OlLSes '1'ef:l(.p,c1 Ce[Jtral Jlaci:£ic.

J aps' Bas tern i\<l;u-slt u:Us d cle use 'lion (J. Like its TIlI'llI:" I;:t)U11LCrplLrl!~ the Ceutrul Pnclflc:., Mille iu became, under Jrlp hegemony, nothing more than all Island autleld. or an :mdw)'oo currier, with hllJldings, iTIStlillnliol1s and. personnel bused there to mnintain this link ill :l closely knit circuit of advanced air bases. Mille, like otht!)' atolls III the IIIarshalls Gl'(lUl~, \\'<l,\i cui off from sources -of S.lltlP!Y~lUd eomruunjcatlan by the Fluet's swift stab at KW!ltali:lin to the nurtlrwest. To .iid its helpless untpO!lts,I[Je Ja,Jl N:l\jf would lmve til risk the gauntlet of the powerful U.. S.. Flee! now in euntrol l)f Kwujnleiu.
20

ill spite ol the Leagi re's Tlllllluate UlltlJOI'i'l.iug Pl'OtntlUoJl only or peaeetime 111(.1o.'o11-il):;', lL fUl'nl·~tl the southern anchor

TOWER

of b ~.ngar.~ repai r sbo ps. Bo III bs punched deep craters j n scrviccapt( and

law oblique

,m'coring deenil i.n pheno

lit

farrhest

eight

~b(>w~

~1t!l1'1·rJl;l

TURNING
CIRCLE

BURNiNG

HANG

U. 5. AIR

ACTIVITY

REVIOAU

EXTErIT

TO

WHICH

~APS

HAD

FORTI FlED

MAIISHALL

ISLANDS

MIA"ID"T£D

BY

L~G.UE

f"Oll

PEAC£I'UL

P(VELOPME"IT

1\

IJr

SmoMing planes
bomber

on Mitle's runway prove accuracyBDmbs deslroyed Mille's plane .runways, hangars and repair shops, damaged barracks; 'aim Til shalrering MUle' defenses powerful 1':'. • I avy air offen. ive duno8 many strikes steadily drained Jap re isrance

21

.,.l>JATC

f'b:I>;"AG011,A-A

new

"DJlb~'t

Dunk",r:' regarded 0;; U"1l uuprovomeut ovt!t 5ilUi!~1' l.l'ui,,(ug cW.l'kl<S ut other 5rnUp!1~, 1m,!.heen added lo the surv!\ 111 .,OIU:Se.!tl the Naval AiI Tralniug Center, Pcnsaculn, l\)

,nwlr!blc
j>J'lJgr:.1I

f'll this work.

Nut ouly has the

n Il~flll nl lJ IfL[.,ti" 1 h\'udil 1(1 til .... stutiou, bnt it rn fell lhtll 11,(1 linin 1'lIgas~d h nve bee u bettered as R resu 1t. recll~riiJg prubI",,,, ilf what tv Jv wil.h worn !lyllig bU\ll., 1111.S IWC'l1lJcl.lnornjC!llh' solver] hy secu ri"It ald of.llo Il!.liShbuTi,ng lire repair curnpnuy, Boots CIl!;UlIg J-r{,U] .,,12 Iv ~lS a pjLjr,
I3Uf'.'JI._1I:R 11n;.I..--A

JUd,··'--t!.ttC"
()!

.iud Illl< ~!(Ig<LH uJul'tcd II\' the J-:."d.i.:m,lru Club at ;1 tl!l't\lll lIH'cllng, ('l,'· signed t,) giVe scr"IWUH1"" mid 1· urnen in ...
G(JHI!IJ~ CmIISTI-"Sallite

.. NATe

give Jilghl 1I[-uucnli>

in
'l'li(;:;l[)illg

from

door .~wfniming P_O<lJ, The student enters the t"(l~)kp!l at Ihe. till} of the Jncline, :;tr,,['Il' him~elf ill wit h l>.1Ji-ety bell and shoulder !11l1'llo,>5S <1.ud slg,llIls he's rend}, All oi[ll!r<l-lor releases n

ut

lorced Ian di nc: nt Th ·'Dunker" monntetl on twill

0

15-de~I'l'1.Inng!,· ut

highly j'o>:lH,lic lesson a ~iLlking ri1.1lHi!lifter II sea, is It (,'(.!lllJI"lel", SNJ cockpit, rails gs' ft'1ilt 1'll\g and sot
;I.

... NAS

.JIIH

puc!

Ilf flll

ill-

aad the "Dunker" is ll'fowu ;,il.lwuiJ)! ov.'r orr ilJ. bn ok, rernafulug su bmerged in th n t
PUSltiOll

er' dives lnh>LIle povl al au estimated 2U \em>ts , ruiUlig down .slid., IJll haIl I ,e,Ltl ug.", AI the illslaul of lml~acf, the Iorwnrd edge;' t)f th ... t'tldrpit strlkes It tripp.iug dedec

broke

I1ml tl10

"Dunk-

fol",rfiniDI;> [01 gloves Me being acquired and WIll _pml·itl .. added protI!lCt['I!1 agaidsl eeld wfo<)lll",r thlrh.g wiuler lllllI1ths,

I-ul[~,developed lms hl.:lm sacurlng liL~illg~ uud Slll'lre I!ll.rt):i for r{'plliring gtl!(pOrts,

"uU~lilJ_g new I'I"'JI~, A Jltlllil'!T ccnservatinn

whit'h were weurlng out uuth11y at th", heels, !lOW are gol(l,lIg ,L I'UlCUHizILIg: j(lh ,lllri r~\~ult.~ have ue_clL e~i'..uteuL Vllk:llllZil'lg 11 pI! ir uf hilt!!_, ensts ,55, :reRll ishilJg costs 50 tlNlls. .urd [lie repatnxl houl s 1Il'C
measure suceess-

'rpn~ Chrlsti n lift, Club membuss <HIe di~lrjblLli]jg wh,d~IUOlrU glu.k·cr~ fur an LlPUJobile.'l j"'[H '$" nwn,.1';; Ilgrcu. to give rides when servlee p.,rsoru L01 lndlcate ,dCllire lor n ritle llY gj\ IllS n salute. Ct>l"PlI_~C)lri:<tit1Jl~. i~ 'V.IS p!lIIIt.Jd nllt, kln~ bn'l1 mlt'''ll in l(il'lllg rill,,;; :u1L1 Lhis t)rogrllill W.LS fll!illlnLl.d tlf gih' '" r-u llIore WII(·11 ;1". UI;).-..;I-'" is hjdk~!I'"i.

.,K/I,S
g)'(!n:iue

ME~lVHls-'rhc Ililyonel and nand ord/nunl)' lUI.'! ('<OI1Sidt"l'I'.d w~acpaLl~

whl!J.l the ~tude_IILJlmh·~ J Iis e$~lpe, I J,,'~ o.l!I\\\'1l1] SO seconds to geL ()~I\'lr t:h~ eoekptt, :luJ iI no doesn't show up '" tim( time. a 111e guard go~ to H:le rescue, Instructors say th,u ,I nip ttl tlm_ pf.!'n!>~coJI-I- "Dunker" is tIlt'! n'C[lT$t tlilug III all '\cltUll For"",-d !:\i'lding-ancl resultant subIIJ ..",,~iol!_____'·etlevis"d t

of soldiers l.I.niJ MuriUelo, hut il short progrilrn has beull devised here fit N""I'"1C (0 rullkB(!M'~ry hl:uejlwket ~ll1dt'Tll proncfenl with these WCUPGI<lS hCfote going to S6;l ur to more ,~dvtlllced lmining elsewhttl:~" This is believed to he {lIW of the finll-

as

a rntining

aid,

Iuudamentnls.

uu val l\SllIll]l!$hli1eltt~ of this: nature to lll~ stltnte teat'hi!lg'. bayonet IlUti hllnd gff'lln.de

,.,NI\TTC ~1J;;!!-li'H~-A hl1lllolljJT of prim!' hnportnuue coceenring the serrous shortuge or fuel oil cooIroHUng llleStntiuu ~hls
wlntf'f 11\15 been issued j"y

DiIl'car. Suntell,~ made hy the Bureau of Yartls and Douk:s hove ~hmYII I-hilt savings (Ir

th~· execuli,

1I1ttrulet." srtid the voice at the other 'Illl. "O() yon se,. my IJOUJ><;l ridhig down th,'

~ NAS CI.INT'~N-·I'he phone rang In eperations tOwer. '" I, t cllo, this is the coin-

rn~d?"

10 Io 25 percent

C1Ul

be made througb

tile use of II!! efficient eonservatioa proIf, oil. UJl~ :<tnHQn alone, 10 perCent (raJ! be POJ1I>t'f'Ved withi>. It 30-JLty period, ~1(Jugh. fuel will hone been saved to f:urI1i5h til" pnwer t() mU"~!I nl"l;vurt can: ier 1 ,59 () Tl:lIltiCI!.l !l1He-s.
&rra:n,.

hml'hrl, ,1(1 >'\1U think I'IlI Iheeaptain 1'111 Lima

~YUUJ1lf)1l~v. nmillg down the ,-:olJ.d? SU)'. c nuts? Tf H}l!'I't"

e ws lrom all plu'Ls U1 ~il~ s taI I'e ·'Slel1'~," und thE' ,. J;lll; Air Nffll(s" have merged. Pc.rSfIIIII(ll berJl;)fil- frem 11K' anovo III II.I,IIIY ways, F:f:I'~l, I:' M"I c is i\hlt· ttl -gilt the "word" end I week, rather thill-I wair fnr IWerY other week til f<'llcl thl.' ··SI4,tin,," Se;.:uutl. "l.'rtuiH gon·
tl> \10' rage of lin,j. till' "'"
!l

.,i\AS

J"'C";;(lNVlLU:-L-,

tI. 111m'", fOr

bro:ld

Turuer] Now !('lI~e me ,,10M. I'm husy." WIIS

~).0 .

'?

1:1'> IJftlllil

S W II ich 1.111:t\:~\ t

all hll.\ltbi will

is

1111 t

II>- NAS LI"Ell~i')IJ.E-A nl'OJ,J'fftm for rnLployrneut p1l11l011neJ ill ,'olllin,'nlf'l1l \"(15 lnStitIJ ted I~t this 'StilliQn n>(,,,,,,l1y wH II highly SMisf\\c:tory l'tlliwils. Uli1br,ing tlle

or

CllJllIQ em cler, .. piell dcd lilt' "nice, '''Li'steu cace'-

the reply, ~ () 1H; <I'lin u III Int'Cl 1.11'1:,) phone nll~g-ngJ_'-ili. 'fhls ... -::-."""",... time t'.he\'okc WfJ.S il)sl~u·J,lL. "T], is Is the

....2

uppenr as a duplkmtiou ill both pupers, Third, due It> lulior ..hortilgc'~, dilli<'u1lr <If
pri ntmg mOJ'"

und

aud ,,,,,mit' ~Irips "f enl(,!rtlinm~llt ~alllo! are ll"ail ..blll' to NATlL'e I'i'fl the "Jax Air 1'<ew5."
fill L'lIttun!],,>

irth , :standard

tlmn

1:1116aper p

elimi nnted,

[1J.11). "ly

at! men per i1ny have 1~"€\1' ~nJllJ.oyed. 'Flnsl'S t'llJ1 for and~'l tnm pr iBOJ11" rs to th('c pr'lli01UH![ C'''nt",runily nlld Ihe meil ar .. !lrt!\'i~lt!d tIwir ilium TlWnl \vhile abmud the station, As n Tf'J;ult uf t'l.is ru'Hvity 111;I1('h Wf)ri.: J,f1.5 1;13('11 .ll'I,'I.lmplisluOld ill "<lri· UIIS eehk SpeclaJ (lttel'ltioIl hus bllell glven ~nrtifl g fllfI teTfal I6r sa IWI.gt>. h:l.lldlll Ig store6. digging dJt~],e:; a:nd ~imHn.r tMh. Proper and' udoquilte prOlrision has been made for wegllan:ling prisonets madr.
f)f

services of -pl'I.SOller5 f:rnnl :l n",:uby Ntl'>';l! Pei'slUmii Di'>tl'il)1tl)llu CcuLor. 111'1 \\'l'm~'· >

TIll' (ow(:''I' d);ll'ratu, ~ecnll~d bill ~mnvi nCl,{j , He strolled ttl the ""iudow and, S\I. rc C'(l(Il'l gli, ttlUI'"e was Ihe house crl'epi 11g ,In\V11 tlll~ rand at ~r!llil"spaoe', lle returned to the Ijlwnt:', TIlth!.'r $Iwepishly. "Ye~ sir. yonr Ill1l111' T~ I·m the way:' Ill' repo-r tf'd, "Ikg plLhla ", ~jT, bu ~ fOfa l'lt)ment r Unlllght il WllS HIe. an..:! .mt tho housc,-, that WIIS beJng L1.k{!II for til", rid!)I"

lilLy t>!,lJgrt'~s. TIw house- Is Ull"'~· due lind I'Dl I"dthC.r anxious:'

west si.de [If tJ,e stHDon. til the -!lot) th sidli\, 1>lfI'<l.~!'!illke n 11,»1; and tell me if ~'(m nlll'\' l

iIU(l!Je

b I",itl)!: nlllW!i rl'nlll Ille

,lays

0",,'1-

[ihn, 10 ltelligOIl(!e fep"tl (\"d discussioh nil Ilmeer ,m ~uhi~dS llf \It·ner.t1 ll1terest, rhe6e disL'l.lSSilT!ls haw· C'nl'(lR-.;1 >,11.1;:1. tc,lpics ("IS "TIl(> ("",,, ",1llllll I' tl-nd Fprlili(".lt!uu" .11

.. MCAS Clll~IIlW -PoINT-h] ordC)T to sliJlltl~ ill te illl-ef('~l hi I,:IUTCI1.t uir il'ltl'!IigUlll'C "u t!lI.' p;ul of OlJillt'f per$llllll~l, weekly Tn('l'tinl!:s :I_re heing \"!lld On l!Ji_~ SGllio,,_ Th,· [lTUgt'nlll, tll~Ung 1I.1\1>1'! lilt lwur 1111.1 $1 half, lIonntllly <'lmsisL" (Ji 11 hrlef tt"fniu(::

uy

lll .. :"l!lfihl;lll hhUld~:' '''T11(1'En tile- of Midway," "Enrly Op<:T'Jlion, !It GmulglCl.'lnur," ;Iud 'j-he (''\1 N'lhH!~.Ml\rilllM" II lId BPII iii"," Ht-f.re~}!TIwnl~ und l)o';ihl~' all informAl disou:>sloH "o!lcillcl", ~llC owe-tfilg_~\\'b Iell are bCC'omin!t frtarfllsirlgly _[IOrllll11T !'\eT') \\,t,,'k.

22

Ior wind!!" S 01 cadet rI,.ldy 1")"1113- ,tt the Ihgllt hne til Illcililllt<. showillg lrululug lilrns ill ('tlWlt1l'!iuII with i"ul wr:utlll~r suL~.t"I~'~, (:nrIIUII" ,Ifl.' hWlg uver wlndyw ,~.rcas u, hlnek 0L11 Un· lill'ht .uul :lttl I.UJ.,'"II tl JWIj .lll"t eu.\.,-h film sesSIOU, portable pwj"dur "lid ~cn"'I]
Ulll

hcClJ fitleu

...'I,

T[JlI~IA.

jW(

illl

I.·Ul'l,LIU§

hnve

"r

T()~~() TAU~ I;",~~~;;:, " $ ::.:~rl:::'::::··

eulues
IlI,!l

1.1',

(Ii{.· utlllul1l~

lu b~ dW't\ eJ

A
•

ll~ 'HI.I'

I..

s
.UI

TukJl'i

Illln;s

uppeul

to the p to,

crunplek

Illl~ wt-up

~il)' fur rnu rl;liJ.ug other jJarl (11 stnti '11 ",Iun' Hlnl,'; 1,1'" regnh rl>' SIlL'WU. B lUll iug IU' il1lp"'" ised thealer ut W.I,; tligh] lillc 11\1 Ibm' is lo~1 ill g@twig ilight opemtions- under WHy 1.1 ",,'ellt weather ·Ieafs, II" ~A~
M~J\1J!UJS-'lu [ucilitnte pl"dllg llare (.lotl! nnd .runge light!; for !1l.ght Hying,

IK\CHS('1\[1 1, III Ullildlngii III e

I1..lii\Jh tJrt!dlldc~

Ilk· III lJ1<~ ll,.s, ,l.. "1'1,lJlkJ"1 l IIlid 10111wIl!. 'LO ~1I life 7\0\\ nlcr, rlSlllt'Il!1!:i for the "Iilll' wnrhl, !II .1 nllliu .,J\h'l'~s tl'pUl'led ~I\()Ilg suys: "You '\!IICI fcru1b, Ulr thue J a\:!:J urrh ed for you II-) wd""Jru~ hack ylJW ),{1IJl1g ineu, IIIt;;bllml~, btlltrS .wd suns Irotu till.. unltl .(l kL; 10 y,lur cm:r Ilrcsidus." AFt'1r c.tlUeiz.[ug lht> ~Oll1.\11 DWJr" pell 'Y II tlm U. S... Lm Cll1l'hU5Ult.'S l1l111 ".I U(lll U is Iinulv t1I'IMllljned II~'I <It tu surreudei 10 ;lIIV IIUll~11 whu!> poliei\;:;" ill' ~lIldy 'Il p*'1 ,~:Ua.UIIJr Asia and dounnauug siali' 1"'01'1"$ clllmlJrHicall} <inti ~.'ullllrllll) I"r Lhdr 1.\11 -'t,llbh ends.'

tl"'*l(l as SO)'llig 11,(11 ~NjJlU)'~'L: l1lilirury U1Wl'.Llium ill III liL"uLI.:IS oi \\ lr ,tn· going Uti ~Jlll;loth!l" ut:t.'drding til plnu," Japlluese
lUf

units, he

loy

I /1IIel.

l'ul.1lkll}

j\U.lli~tt'l· Lin

PHI-

dl B1JWm, I"fl.'lId. ILmJ,I-ClIfIlll, Thnllund, allJ ~lillilJ', OUu,:r air uuus, he said, <11:' "also su ',·1:>5"r ul til l)H t I'UlHug UJ e Ihrug:ll .lIa~' I.II'L'l1 lind the area (J\ er the ~1;lU1; StHl\l1 !II SUU111~l'll ltuU ;'11"." lu M.1J.c.lJWill, ill: dcclcrred. JIlP"." nese Lleh~1Ii\ ,. Iorces are cUIIsuwtIy 011 UHl ulert, while an "airtlght, ddeJ1Se" ·b I'llillg lIfa.Jlllnhled ill JU{JUII p.rop1.lr.
illg II tlU) vust
lli'Cli·

d·1 'llllU 411

SH 1(1,

ure "co ustuntly

IDJlitl"i:-aill-

their IlfHPtlt ] lroUOn. lills been imlltu1cu II . eiroles lY..\illt :l in a series of eight nurses un lioth malll1. Circles ure 2 feet in dlnmeter will. numerals 1 root high, painted " :th Yl'lluw trnffi-c point wltJuh wears w II U uder heu \ ) Ic:tivity, nurses tU(j IIlHnh"r\'d l'lod;wi~ • c(ld! stnrlhig on the edge of lhe ground lr.illla cit'de. SjJuts fur r>wge UgLt"S 111'(· <It fat end of eouh course on (ppps1k ldcs ul mat arlll are thre I-Ioor discs IncntC'll
15 feet apart,

'li

R -To

hASl'

fi -To
"
;t

C."

TR,\l .• L-lIllU

II" DALLJlS-lI,[..,li."rid omeers are "~1l1stantly confronted with the problem ,'If keeping ~llQugh boots, goggl S und ht'<l\" jackets OJ) 11<mu ru-r i:isu wlicu tile (,u PVlll'S have to be chocked in and (Jut Ior Cl.,d. hop, Iuvariably II SCOTe !If Dllberts "1~tlP jack",ts out ("uHught anll Iorget to b,n. tu goggles, The IImlerl·1 o!Iit r ,ll thO:' p:ci.lllal'~ sqnndrun her", Llt "[Kill n novel wlIy f htll'ldling lJ, situ.utiQJl. He had a Inrg board mdut: with fIJI .Iftcr rH~ df lillk ulLllIhllre:r1 ~l~mk~, Theil he bud s.ua]] l<lg> nlfldc with a l.!umller 0'1 01U~ sICle JlUU 11 s~ll1d ('olor IJJ\ the olhl;)1', • or 'll.'), IIUJJ1bered hoak, four or fivl! ouml) 'wd (ug' wlli, \'111)'111£ !!,jiul's wt',ro pw' i('l;,tI, A. r!.ld tag i.~gum! II 1)1111" uf guggll's, :I bl lit tag for boots. grt'lf'll f(lr h{'8\'Y ja~.1..'t!t llI,il IJ on. A... ooch :;-tulc'Ilt r "purL<; til Uw SlJlI(LUHln, he Te()fJi\'es t~numbel (lad i, g.i\'~n th", dlit~ Crt1Ul thl: I1wk wtlJl that t11lmtwI, VV1I!.!Il he 1l1;)C!dl< pllit of g ggltJS. 1,1 i.tJm& h' 101 iI reO tag. It is Inmg 011 d.ot' hook. r'tee' Ill] nd Ill!! eulcr mHld-~ out ilk", lll~ PI'(,I\''Ibm! SOft' tht11tll" Wilen he bring> tlie ilCII\ Lmuk. he gels lJis colored chit. Ii 11[' fails to tum it III hy the Hille ILls wing S!.'l1U1' • the tug IS there. al,nl(> in a ~ed .. f whll' "urn bered tags, ,lJ1d iL mites ou IY;l ruluutl! t{o (·ill lilin buck.

<ltlst \ iHion{'d III '''nll Iill"~ LId""" "p,u'Lly hI: PNJpell 'fS au[1 probnbly al () b) tuck<Jn" l'llO'Sillg Lv lW'IL!Jl ll,,,tl'r !lU! ea at j'.lpHII 6 -1<0 bw].\. ~lld t:r-.. \t'1~1Ilg l'lrtillti, dl~l1rls, 11LJ}I1IlI~lil~~ ~ "If Allied a1nne.tJ IJOl11b prrvute und IIll1rShrrll"ls-n'll to 1nen! I()I I LIlt' Parnlr homes and m ichine-gun Women IUld clillPlateau, tLv '('Ilillng "I tl.· worM: ,. The tlrell U, ~ 1" 1I11luifesUy uot entitled to tlal i(lea I~ I'ur j,LP'I'U'!:f'- S gmeul (If tho

uClwfk:hLI

Jltpa.ll i~ i'lJ~r'lJ,g gi!!Il)lI!~ plmu< l"r Tokvo~lo"lletlil1 t'lUII'u!ld "rf,lI! 1\ III ln-

to

lllt.'

whole wurkl ,. r1w hrond-

"Cn:CH t.,..1., 0115U, sbooyu, aud shakuhnehl .• OIS "'1I:l'1.rluwIII\m.l Jill.! lertals wliicl I hll.VD ].CUIl sent by \\IU)< of l1w second r"'.vli.~ h:jJ.L~ioll ship, 'flm.! MllfIJ tv uornlort japaIW~C lJutil/IIHIS ill UI euNI1} nuliun, i n.erieu, have all arrivcclsal'cly <it .. w York. These gu\!th jla\ e bCillJ (!i,trilnlWd lU.r"JIIg t-J.~.jf)O JapHll t> JlnlilJlll;Ils i'l UIl' U. S .• 'J~I '[II.I,l, IIawall, Cuba •• and other areas."

Aliv.

lille
aflt'r

Lfl

meet the B(~rJjH,lo-nagdad

t-"·

.l'";lih\ll~·

II II" JHpHn~. ' !:ri\ck:l!.!e passes Telrcrun Tln Jupum:sv "hhr l"'illt" calls fvr ~.'\ "11 d'LVS' uuvvl tbnc: "However ,I:(re.lt the tlifH-

prO!.I:!CUlIli of t.:crlJ:l.iu In LeI !.mtlouw hi ws af,'IJl'dL'f,1 to war pilots. J:;nerny IUWUJU shot (l(lwl. (1\ er Tukyo lllmO'l ill WI,) u '1. IJ! HIUohine-guuuing
UI

lildrl;11l were pUlli;lIIl~cl

hI

xernplary maueer. Shulbrh', those re!,ij1111 J}' !:'aught over )\ urem burg 1I11l1 .t huniJurg ut~ now being tned as Wal' ('\'ilninak If sLU.h !,u.o1slnncnt 0 'S 'JOt de.l.r t.hc '\n.glt1-~'-''''(ll)S froUl f!q)e.lollg sucli klHlhMlme otitnli.~, LllF)Y IJ1"l;tl!l remembor 11 ",t
t.hLJ~C WilD

lln>
n

fn gl;ISS Ij1lu~1'S

ml1sl

lint

lhr0w stones. a."

~

ror

-To E"'~·I· 9'1.\

J,IIllil1

filII)' 1.1\'!

lite I'll l'i Ac. bill '\Ull "utl",ri, r

H

"TIlf>J't>

IS 110

wllu \-1l[U.~ tllP ligl,lillg on the E1u·upean [mill \e.r~ hlgllly. ,,,III l:ran,rt'T t),dr fiJ.'cl t lr oper:.ti 11' in til' lIldjall Qcc>m.'· A .Tul' II se a Imim! i ,_pluLe,l!ls .'l:l.ying thnt hOIll a Ulilitl,iry st"IH.ipoiril "Jf1PllH >i.,,"I1. gl'ul,"I'~I')1o iU!l113 il11l1m[ impre.,rlll1blc to lWY

in ]icM;ilrn that the

lUlU i~ T!l\·t!rWI;> ill "un Ihe cotltjn~mt" It is Mvrem (II'. I>llys T'lk. n: Brit1~l!.

Pictures in the Sky

] rlL~,Uf)' lhe Ic·!tmmllln\ igatiw stars I" til· ciil-l.gnl.l11 <l1l)\ It:

""I·It!> ltlll k.-

I~!

A 'P.

aud nlisterl OffiC"..I!fS lh' air ~I.ntioll ","l Third ll~ M.A. \;>'1. Mvl1.ods 01 ublmdolling hip lind ~ I.IlTIbllt sW.inunillg prHgOllll lml'l.' ~'I'o[lO1ed nrn:phih1{)l.1~ ;VIfl rilll'~rQr ndiqll IIt! n ruom.:mt's notice. Thus' \\'110 qun lifwd I. till;' rir~t JTtuCUl'e Nwilll Wl't, l'l"rjuir·d p oomplete 200 yards in W:n"S !If four. 11shl!~ breasl~ l>1d!.:. !!Lld Ixl..:k o'lrokes, J\unps [,om \W(' pla[ilJrmS of IS any 25 feet completed the first IJhtlS of pmg;rmll.

CUrt'prdlft1"osiye condilionill"1r scl1ed\Llo c.-nt'l), W!l:1> l'(l(llpl('h'd all ~)FEi~~'fli

II" \'leA

' GHliliJl)

POf!'o,-I.Llit1i11 ~t('fI ill 1I

uy

re-

~To ~\Tltli fulLHl AUackUlg "Lht:! Alllt!ticuJt ue~Jg" f!l~ wurJa cono.u L·t 'atllllJ 19n -1.,1, gpukf.',l.lllllil of Ul Board of In forrnati n, d"lloHlices tlll' <1(' 'j,>jiull .nude al til Td.1I.'Tfu. lIHd ell-iro t'Il1\ ret elLce.~ (I) \:0 tII:~cdI.! to LlI.t" U, S. ,~1I t}, ['
Pod 110 hl,lIlrls
1O.d cr

1 f,· j;J.rfJduims l!Jut "tl,e. isln,,(l~ uniWr Ja,panC'"~( rna I1cL'lteart' ~(,Cllrt'lr in J '(I'west: J-.auds "lid w1ll ajW'R),"s .r(lmilin ill rlIJnnrse h"nd~ ;!S jl b1.1 Win'k lIgaiu:;[ II11)' A mt,d. 'au 11Inhi· UOII ttl domJ,.nte the world." Dtnm:i 1I.r1}!I:~r sLt('sst'~ his sl.HtPIIH·ut t;llnl "it i~ lllt!ollceiv'lhl[1 Ihlll n,·it~lin, m icl HUli,ill. "lid ChllHl hat (j ilgT(:tl(l 111 flH~' CflI1L'C','{on of ll,al kilul ttl gil' Ill" 1.1'. 5 n In)Je h Il1d in the Wtir,"

JUP,1J lese

lila 11d IIle_

23

he Navy's Anna olis of the Air

t'llJIe-rl I,h~ " \~II~IP\Jli~Ill' 111i' Air" b~(,:Hlse it l." Na'<,)" s -first rut stauou ,lnJ J1QW one of lt~ Jurg:I:l~l:', phys u ).,t:) r61 in tnunlng WL'itl udl.llnt's 1C; it enters il~ ;3CJth year 01 uper .. tilllJ~, The -30rh "hirthduy" ,lImivet'li:tl'}, kit ( 11 jnnu'i!.ry 20_ II is the (. snter of naval avlirti!lnlTllinlng ]'1)110\ill!! rec nt rcatlon Q un oH!r-ull,rgl1.J1izulioll kuu\ II us U\ al Ail Trairunc Command. onder this come the exi ting Primary Intermedh te and o perutional rJ, inlng cnrmuands. "M'll., Lnnneriy with lieudquurrers nl, Pensncolu, IHIS slJiftoc1 to Corpus Ohristi, wltich prnvides iurenn diule tr,lhlin~ wilh F.NSA.("(1W~

officers and
Force,

III\"

Olen, Pensacola Lifts students lnmi l'l(w:ll Air Hoynl • uvy's Fleet A.i"r Amn, Frf'-I)ch,' ousl' ,ullJ'd.

-r.
uo

IIlarines, Briti h
rmy

DiWS" IJ.IJ

;l.llc1

Ji'rf'lJl'h trainees learn to Ily patrol boats, a.s nd CUtist suur h'm1-'11, 'v ~l Cunrd tlVi' t T.

". S. Am1Y 1 cadets,

All' Fnrl::t1S. plus

Navy

"boots."

trainlng at Peusucoln, Men aut! S61lb'Y dogs of thut branch ill 0 l',U-ryll sc nrrtry pOD' 1 of th
sLal iuu.
nA f1" cadet get prim ary Iruining slsewhere in United States before camillg 10 Peosacoh, lor !!-Imat work. Ttri His tL '111 fOI ll),iI,g Lilt! ~L'1l lanes t,lruuwJ LL, Tkltish Isles lor Coastal Commund. ThC:lY return to Britain lor oper-

Iaiermecltut

Pf'llSuco!a for [J rc enllre lJilollllll [:lllt of tile 'Juvy. Pensacola has a complement of mall v tllQllSunds of qf[lcars und !Il en , It VI as :leJeel ed as I h,~ III'S I unv n1 air ~'ta.ti(I n b('('0111, r:: of its situaHtm err III -:ui! 0(. i\l xiru, where man)' ba)'s nne] inlets, flal tl1rmin, sandy soil, and gnod weather II1:JKeit idmtl fn~ Yf.\l""-rmllld flying. ix auxiliUJ'Y air sl:lU!lI.L~ .u-' witlilu a 4U-l'l1ile rad!us. Whitillg, Bronson, Burin, Snuflc'Y. Ctll1Y and _ETIys n, till I .. ned r r ni(m Ell' nnva] aviaiurs. u Because of space limitnrious at the muin statiou. u.ll of tho sat lIit H,.lds have lanter bl1ning fIL.ilitie;1 than (.1](\ uller Hf!oltl.

,1(-1011;11 trairring.

Tl'aitJoes in noti u, l

or !be Royul N uvy :F'l1'('L Air Arm

pilots branch Into different
WI) O\lfSO$.

~I

trf}l1d the

same basic ami instnmtent IHg:1I~da.~~es ns 111\'" men. Since I"-u.lli~i> ijghter mrt.'l lOl11edll h(lflluOr aircrafl ill..'lleml {If £'By'.;

nleUttg lhp:~
BATSlNC

-lass s after comStules urul

Hundred ..

(Ii'

'I

s, SNj's, S~O'

aud O~2.lr~, in mlditiflll

T
and

Rntall) tlil1'...r, :;0 Ihat

l!'AA persnum-]

1111 thodsfor

air ('lId(~ts in. Ulliled

sorllt)

ill~tn!

.'tots trl

}'I;lIlSU(J()It,

fot

RAl" MIJ

m'(' E:llg!i~b

(. u:mdinll.

1.,.\lslrullru.1

truiniu within IDe luterm,'dwte currloulum, UIG stlldflnt pilot ruaking a "tnm-" or thorn dnrilli-\ ltis 111.""riOO 01 Pensaeolu. p,"iulizt'd SWI()uIs, Slldl \15 vialion uiedlolue, phntogrnpliy, ,HId ~111111~1. nlso druw th.o'lLsamls Qf students [or train]I])! thul \\ ill fit them fur work \\ illt IlH\ ul pilnls in om' wn . or another. B('{':111~(\ of jt~ ·pnoi!m.~ grnnnrls_ moss-hung live onks. and ruany Hu permanent buildmgs, l!)1:' naval uir 'l~lti 11 HppCtll":i rnuoh lik a col leg CJJ"flPl1s. r.radwu ions am li ld l\ iCe a week as varinus types of students finish their work and go on to other schools Of to the f1leet, Us ""camp 11);. has all .int ernu liuuHl f1av(lr' nut Iound at , In(ln~ continentn! ~tntion~. Be-sides the USIM] Cf1nll11erh!;m( 111:

to PBY'_s fIJI' pat!'o) truininjt, are IUlsigncd lo Peusacola truini1J~ tlentt'1. BUI-·II 1I11xiliHQ' air st"Hull off'l's <l pt:'-'i~d tYPI; III

L ew Zeola.ndel's" ~AA student» go 011 ~\) [ncksnnvilla ur P'm1 'LlIJldf'n.I.de flU' II!WMt! ir )11nl tnrini Ilg. Duly (l IIIlHtll number of Fl'onchstl1dents art' tmined at P('lIMIt;()II{. tlltluTlLs· uhle to !']1l1uk and 1IIJ(Ier~taJ\d English Iln~ givl'lI till' sume gcrwmI t)ilw nl lIi~ht 1I111lling ns /1I'11(,JI'((::ln youl1ls, sp "cinlizlng In [,-bunts. l'rosTl~c:tive uvintors [rom Lui ill\nr{~I·i(>.lln Ct"llltTie~ unce w re tmilJell

at Pensa !(ll:l nnd il1'1HIS .hristl. but now all go t(l the luttci st. tion, Pensn Is's &11Departm IIr i. (jIll" or lile Uv., lurg _sl al 'Ul)' nand ail' stnl1!1n, beiug housed in IIIlIlU.!I"OltS hnildings scattered arl uver the grounds, Tis euglue nverhuul hop if:; 1111 of the U1(l.~l modern in Ihe Vl1tterl Stutes, J\&R'~ m.iiu task is to keep M many 08 possible flf stnlion's nircralt in Bying cundition with ;..tS Hull' wtlsll" lim!" :lI1d t'rrort as pOSJ;ibJf'.

25

IHIUIODLI

.. CONr'O

PENSACOLA MARKS spor OF FIRST WHITE SETTLEM,ENT ON CONTINENT

ENi;;'H;OLA't; hJ;'ftoN.ga.es bad. in~o we past C,enrUries al· ruosf tu Cnhllllims (k~t'[)vcry nf America. The buy 00 IiJ·1J Ihi:' Jill val air sbll iOIJ .t~ II)Cfl tecl was discovered by the. SpalliSll til 1528. Jt wus first eolontzed fn 1559, six years IwrnJ'E' t. AlIgu,~6ut .. which iSl'fl"Aclitecl willl ueing the 61'!;t
C!J!ltiIIIlOIiS

P ,\'I

whlte settlement in Nrwth AmericA.

III il1~ervcl1il'lg yt·Il.l·~ Pensacolu lived under five Il~gs~ Spanish, Fl't'm'h, Engli!>h. OJLlredt1nLte and UniteY 5tt~te.l~ and ohill1gf'd gn\'li'mmenls 17 times, It Wf1S bumed by lndjuus, destroyed by hurricane, and mzed by the Con-

H "VIIS the sileof n NG\Y yard ill 1825, nearly years bduf(! it bsrsune tho Nav}"~ Arllt ail' station. TIi.., yard was the center of naval aotion ugultlSt Gulf sluve lrmll' nud prJ'He), l!<u,jy in Ihe 19th eentury, Durio!!; the 1IIcxJctl!! wur it QuliiUcd the ~~luadrnn wbicb hlockaded the Mcxleuu 1.:1li!~1. Iu the Civil \"~Ir it chl1.nged hll0ds ITViC,le, its Iueillties Iwlpillg' Admiral Fm.'I'Olgut achieve Ius victory ,It nellrhy Mohile Bay. in 1906 a blfeat hurricane and tidal \;\.':lve severely ~hlln4!(.·d the yard, The yard had played a S)JlIlU part ill I'he Spanish-American wnr and Was dccommissim:lcd In J 9]1. AIHJlIt timl time ul'lllli(1n II~g:\l1 ttl develop ami a boanl headed 11)' Aclmira.l GUIlI'ge Dewtay recommended th!lt the U, S, Navy develop :1(1 ulr unn. PenSI:I,Cl1}a Ntwy YUill .site wus its unanimous {'hllirl'! Iur the fifllt training site and first air lust all a Liom; were O(ln~ lrncterl in I H [.1. The ~dlllpl first hnallted a complemen! of Ebree instruetors, I~ L11 an it's and c[ghl M:l11\llli.es 111 tel It Illmgnr8 along 1i'1·!I heach, illustrated in [)('{'ompll.nying plwthgnwh. LL. lull!! II, T'I)wi'rs mid EH~fgH G tie C. Chevalier 11I:1d(' tlre flr.<rl: n~). h By the !'Hd 'nf \Vol'ld \Vitt I, Pensacola 'h':,llning hnd
rt·t1~·riltt's.
H1(J

(ll()lllnded

to a persnnuel

of 488 officers and 5,1539 meu,

,U

111111lrtLlIled !;I21 liCUpJBII(' pilots, 63 dit'igibk' pilot:;, upd 15 rrl·u. balleou pilots. For i'l time lighteT-lfutn~nlr t:mining WIIS
oJh,l'C(1 there, until trnnsferred t{) Lakl'l1llIsJ in 192]. A dl~4S11'1IlIS Imrri(;'IIIH' l{ild lid".! wave ltil Hie ~hilHnll ill 1926 \!ur! d irlr.lnmnt(.e esti !lulled in excess 11£$8,()OO.000. iust 20 )'ellrs after a Similar storm had stn('k the melt.
MANY FA 11'1 "0 N'A~'I' ,o.VIATI'ON HAMES IN T,HIS f':lRST PENSo!<COLA CLASS

m: Lup photo On ·thh pag,e s:hnws Pensacoln as it aI'J'leart1J in HlS2, uJ:h~r ILt· [lm'lI of 'Watrfllgtol.'l. contpri.~MIS

jug ahunt 300 InrildillgS.

moved from H~eleft stde of

shl{-iQn and hnmes

and swamplmuJ

above 'the stntiun

the
re-

moved, tu ml1.iw worn tut expansion, The seconel ]lhotOgtRpll shows tI ~I"tIUp' of the first in~trl!clol'S and ~l"lIdents nt NAS Pensacoln, inc!iJ!ling some of the most famous names ill naval aviation, Jl1 the .fwnt row, Iclt to J"igllL IU'C H. " Saufloy, P, N, L. Bellinger, Kenneth WlllIlt,g,-n. c. Mu~I:in, A, C, HC:;l.d, E, Jj'. Jol111s:6o, .A. A.

GUl LflingLu:m. F. T. EVWlS and E, G, Hass, The back TOW has It n, Parmnck, E. 'vV. t:ipeoc:eT. [r., H. T. Bartlett. W. A. Ethvl\r(Js. c. f{, TIrfjn!lOn. W. 1I{. COrry, Jr., J. P. NQdh,>eL, E. A. Mt'DOllnell. (uiU H. W, ScoDeld, Ellyson W!lS Nnvnl ).\\ iator N"o. 1. Gl11minglhiITI NI), ,'i, BeUing¢r No.8, Must01J Nil. 1 J. SllllDey '\111. 14. Bronson '\J o. 15;,.Whi Hng No. 16 nml Spel1(..'eTNo. 20, III tIw lower phnt(J~ral')lJ i,'> SllOWIl the naval air $:laLion as it hlll~(,d d.llrillg lk fin~l WCl;!ks or it,\; (lrgfUuzfLliuu. SO years 11~('. at till' ~i~(, of t!.c uhandl!lwu Nl1v~' yurd Qnr thu C:I/lf. TIll' lent nnngUl's were O~eI]11nl'e citwi1"lg normal weuthor t'lllldil j(ll!~, hut when u heavy blow was it!. prospect tlhU1C5 V.'WI' u'IlII'l:cl lo [)U! hriok .:;1 nu,'hlra ln the background.

26

AIRFIELDS HONOR FAMOUS FLIERS

III

CORRY

\)amt1'.~ Iiunous in lit his Wry naval uviatiuu ure Ioimd the )j,1 of amdUary air stations around j s Pensacola.

ur

FIElD- larned I r Lt, 'cit-. WilIiarnM. COlTY, Jr., early Peusacola grudunte nud, World Wur 1 hero, Corry was Naval Aviator No. 23. CITY W;lS PenS~IC0In>s fll'l't !'!n'Xilinry field.

BAR I NFl E l 0 -NlImed for Ll. L()uis T. Burin, one of first reserve officers to qualify as ;J._ usval aviatnr, He was ,I noted tunt Iller nurl flew iI' N . 1 lo Azures area. Field is in Alubamn. B RON SON F I EL D -l\'allIt1U for Ll. (jg) Chll'enee K. I:!n,li -011. 'm>;,11 vi lor (1. IS. l Ie pnrtlcipated ill lhe occupation of Vera Cruz.. s"llO:rtly aft('f ITlirdifying Wi a unvul In inter. SAUfLEY
FIHD-:'-JUllitlU fur LL (jf{) Rkh~u'<I 'Y, Whll W:,1; Nuvnl Ayiat(.lr ll. 14-. H~ drew flrst aerial map 1)1 combat lerritory at \' ern Oruz In 19 r 4; one of Brst Instructors.
•• l::ilHtB

CH EVAlI £ R FI. EL D -Locttled at I'M; Pensucula, uamcd for Lt. Cdr. CodITey cle Courcelles Chevalier, ~aval Aviator No.7. Made fh'st Iaudlng UIJ U.s.S. 1.(lIIg1c!j, Brst night IIight.

ELL YS 0 NFl El 0 C. Ellys

t1,

umed II~f Cdr. Theodore first Naval Aviator. He 11lf1l1· nnlL successful lligbt of a a y plane from a ('.'lIolpnlla( the WnsJlington Navy Yard in J 9J 2. rh

=Naiued fiJI' ap], Kelilletli eumnuuuler of Ilrst Arnerican ,1.I'!~o· nnutic unit 1'0 reach Europa In un 7. He helped (levl,H!lr) mesting gear to stop planes QTI cord rs, "
\ lutlug,

WHITING fiElD

27

IP£HSJ.ClDlA.,

CONT

I1J

THOUSANDS OF STUDENTS RECEIVE THEIR NAVY WINGS AT PENSACOLA

'TUI';
LTl'iLTE1) STNII';S 'Pilots H year, and

he wlll be operating. he begiQs t(i) 1 am the sped J IWClblems g;piug wlth the tlirurafL U he i.~gulug til be all I·Jl>.~t·r";llhll1 01 \'f~S pilol III' stuns rn Lking wuter Iandlngs in N:3, 's on Houts, 0 '::!U's are
ul<t:!l for sr.:~)Util.lg and ~pOltiHg pt'L1b1.'rn~, gunnery :mel

intermediut

i~ II'lJJJ,'llng llwLChlLlds of ttirplam~ half of these PA.SS through the (l'ainiIJg ul Pensacola, the test being tLUlUed
0.A\'\' II

Became of tilt! immense sjz~ of the prngr-,un, lnlermediate trainfng is th . number 1lI1eudi\ ily nt Plill.SllCtlhl, whose s veu local ancl uuxtliru)' Ilelds tf!ke !1viuHoncatIdts out of "Yellow Perils" and turn litem out ready tn tntin in HellC(It8, Cmsalr« and (}ther< OI)01'atiolllkl type . Stud nts going through Peusncola for intermediat training m~lke the r')(InQs of auxiliary air tanons for specialized work, At Whiting, which hus Lhe ulfge-stJumlin'g fields of the lot. they get .instrumaut flying and twin-engine Imf'llbE'rs. llillYSOll Ilml Saul:Lj>,y fields train them lor Iormurien ri. ing and basl!1 work. Bronson, Burin •• mel Con. fields specialize In lTan1lug, introducing them to torpe 10 ember. Oghl 'r aut! dlv h(m,ber types. PR'S operute from Bronson rieln and from \1 II:' mw ul air 5 ta4'kw PTO},(W, ?vhmy thunsand students pUl'~ lliruugh tIw irrtermedlate
uourse tu bridge tho gup between primary und upemtionnl Ilhmcs. Cat1C'ts ~~t their flrst taste ur lrrrmutiou tlild rl i\'~~iul1l1[ a,'l:k:$, t After they huve [umiliurized themselves wilh the uir('mft they gel basic instrume-n! truluing, lileetiilg Ule Link trainer, t:tlUO r,1I!!' Hyillg uud Ilyiug 1)11 Instruments •• ill highly importuut rhings 1'01' future figMer nr patrol rJlol~ Nexl stell is assigumeut lU a spectnllzed type of flirc.mJtpab-a) bnmb rSI observation. .fighler, tnrperlo hornher, ,md s :Ollt bomller. 011<.'0 tl.e studc'lIt !cHIlWS ill wltidl branch

ill1l :l! NATe Corpus

III isl!.

lmmblng runs, navigutiou anti ius lrUtTH'-H I lllghts, During the "oms he alsn gets hls first luslfl of l_·at'lpu\ling. Th r I 1>11 gt'OIl Ll Ieums tWll:k1lcIUI'! H' opera t iUIl IiiII rer ill S;'II/s PI PJlY·s. Those 11'1"'11enccnt rn te- ell; l!'lug n:lVign Hon ! c and instrument hops, bombing runs and Free gnrmfllj'. '1116 '\' group Air' s:-../.suud goes ill (01' Jltghl glIBlu;l~'Y
!lIn

tics,

Aerobutics [aug!l! luclude [oups, slow rolls, Inunelmuns. pn>cision spins,

igati'lII, instrument flyin/!, glido bombing, primm}, eurnhat nrul fpmmtil1ll tactics.

torpedo

ta '.

nne! wingovees,

to lJasi· l:niirung. fiYll' r sxv h eavier thun ptimury trainers.

every

Iour

monthll.

The'

01' SNJ airt'I'~1

Ill-st mouth is clevph"d t, huger lind

uttantinn in his physical well-being, Pitllt'SS pro rrams of 11re-fligh t school ctmtinue ill mcdi Red lnrm, wilh {Jthfir recreational type athletics 1'11(OWTl in to keep him from ~oingstnle. In '11lned in th ' trrumag given the cadet are ~11Ch in~111l1'tion <IS HIe-raft teohniqu ,how to IL~e varioua repellents, dyc.,>, and nurburn-prnlectlon methods, llOw tv g t O\lt qf eookptts under water, ;lull ~1I)W Ii> use l"mNgellcy life·su\'iug gear. He is rlllllililll"iZ,'1d with types of rnrions he- will he i.~~ltccl. how hI "rlitcl:" hi. plune in wulcr ur 1.(;'l1y·hlJ111 ,lSUOfl' I1ml how to liv in illlIg] • areas, when tIn' c~j(I~11 Bnish~s lulcnm·tlinle h'ainiug :urd has Iils gotd Na,'y \vlngs pint! d on his ehest, He is eornmissioned an t'IJSi,6'11 III tile uuval reserve 01 seeund Ii uteuunt ill !11e fllril1e (11'P~ al)~l ~(le on Ll'I t'pl!,'nl'ional lralning n III InsIru tors' sehuol. Tn handle tlte lnAI IX of cadets Ir JJl the various priJIIIlf)' s 'hools liver III ~Hmtl'y, Pensaeclu's facilities hud Lr! he expanded nlmosr overnighr. \iVlw.re swmnps, pOlllls ami snnd wastes <111('(' were lot'ated lhe Navy built milr-s Ilj' (,,111Cl'l'tl' hwdillg runways. hangars and m intertmWt' lmildings.

A LCll\tl ~\,ITn .nlght tl'Hllliug: ~IIH iuterm 'l~hll' fi g I..: lutenslve grolUlt~ tranuru; and contiuues

cnilet

n.J'{o to receive

The hip;h point nf bis career us a nuv II uviatnr

cernes

tu know,

PILOT~

1'1.'1"

os~U's

",.

PENSACOLA

RAlUoiWE.N

I'mllRE

DRIFTS

ON PLOTTING

aOARD

PILon;

PlfACTICE

WATER

LANDING5

WITH

NIH'S

28

_part

of the
tbey

Righi students

before

win

curriculum for their gold

Irainer
Navy wings fi),ing blind.

.lfh'Cl> cadets a chance 10 tl:st thair La~l1tlS at using only plune's insreurnenrs for piloting

jp£HHQOLA

••• COIlT'O)

have in Hp.IICrIJ. Corllr~ir. worth us much pilnts could not hit what the')' \\ en: SIM'liug at,
I:I£

GUNNERY SCHOOL TRAINS AIRMEN UNJ'nm finest Navy ~ neld the }' T planes thelh·...'tES inmay as the.1IIt! biplaneshut,ifth11\. wC)lIld b about Wnght
fighter

'IS 1.1\1111'5 ul I.,(fO_1I1d gUHlo\ery 11' intng prior to their work with uctual Bring ill til air. DUring that Urn the' recei e in'lructinll in pistols, shotgun > • 0 uud .50 cal. machine guns. They lean) how to esdmate range and speed of enemy planes. They take apart and reassemble machine guns. 'tmly bombs, bombing equipment, theory of bombing, and us' of pyrutec mics .. AD training is designed tel show them
how to Bght their aircraft: when ~tmes where accurate shoOling they get in the combat is the must Important. The second type 0 student, (I"C gunnel'S, also learn lo rec gllir. Allied and enemy planes, estimate range and lin of apparent molinn, strip guns and k~Ll them operating,

It- is the job of the gunnery school at. NAS Pensueola to truin intermediate cadets and enlisted men iu lhe illtricacies of flxed and free maohiue _gULlS nd tu give U, in th practice thai enuhles them til bring dUWJJ J [IpS or Cennans when t.L{~y gel them in their sights,
Recently Ih lir.uniDg program was xpanded to include WAVES, who are bel ng Iurued out with l~etty I.llIk· r fating;> as Iull-Hedged air gunnery instructnrs. They instruct airmen how to shoot pistols, revol. ers aml machine .gllnfo on the range, lind teach gunnery th 01)' in c!;t::O;fOOJn.S, as well US operate special training d viees, I-Jlght-studf'ol-grOlUld

Operation and servicing of various combat turrets is them .tgainsl the day when lhey go inb real limax of Ialermed late trainiug is r ached at Gull wher fhe gmmer gets Rest peaotiee Eirjng at moving

taught action. Beach

Two general types of gunnery are tnught ut Psnsaeela, gunnery tl1'lcl lrec gUU!1tlI'Y, the latter mostly for enlisted men who will serve ,\S rear gunners 011 , B2C's. TBF' unl other planes !ligllt students I" ceive

An

targets while being himsell OIl II ffiMing platform. Here lIe has first contact with Bring a .50 cal. gun set in a lurret, Hours pent 1>1 001 ing cluy pigeons wiUl shotgul'l. pa oif in results later on when the gunner knocks down his I1rst deflectn» shot. Free gunnl'!rs, after finishing five weeks of fhtensiVe trainlug, are asslgueo to operatlonnl Ir<lining squadrons where they actually g I in n the ail for iiJ.ing practice nn tow targets

U.S.N., -

Turrel

firIng

is

vital

[0

<Ii;

guno.el'S;

here

UU'Te[

mounted

Shotgun

n truck aid

mobility; gun camera

mounted

n right barrel

mounted 0.0 swtvel ,",,'im spade grip is used to fire III incoming mrget; helps stcess correct lead and foltow-rhrougb

j
I

BoresighUnr 30

uf the .30 cal, machine gUll eesrs the ac!~u£IlCY of ies sights; guo ner secures barnet before beginning, the operation

Synthetic,

rXlllning devices ;tN! widely used at Pensacola to help gunners; roOtlon pierure sighting traIner proves popular

FliGHT SURG'EONS PllOTPL.ANES

T trtdneu keep theofmau), Hiers Scllool of cola, 10 as
'HE .MlSSlON at i~ tlvi<lLiOl1 UJt:dicru.l:l, w.llpst' uflic:ers are Aviation Modk:i.no, NA:S Peusac in as many airplanes as many

Two types of medicul offi~ers me gl':1tWatelL til tlie school. IHgbt S-1J~geun.~ and <lviati<;ln medical examiners. l1l)tb .groups (.}f Ul1c:'tors rl;lcalYe60 clays of .instruclfuu iu tlw schno]. Their subjects consist of physiol0gy, ueurep~ychiatry, eye, ear, nose and throat, cardiolo.gy, ttopiutd rhedlt:ille, liml allied su hjects . Empbasis is placed on application of these topics t(:l aviaUun. In additiun to lectures, praetical work is given ill!nental and pbysiclll examinations of cadets. Sludeut:s also receive training in high altitude p:robh:ms in the three low-pressure chembers eunnected wiLb Lhe Marucal Department, In the low-pressure chumbe.r work, medical ulllcers see

days a~ possible.,

ear and sinus troubles

and expaI!sion of abdominal

gas that

Is assoeiated with chang.ell.in barometric pressure. Another [eatur:e of the school is a physiologk.:aI accustics laborlltory \\ here pilOls and instructors check their .illteUig.ibDJty over

aieerutt noises. Recordings vf thefr voices am played back

tu ;'!'ssist them in overcoming spee.ch defects OJ' weak pOints. Afler two mouths in lnt!; school. ubout hall' of 'each dfl.Ss remains in Pensacela fo1' six week:; nf IDght training. These uien receive PI'UI)1U')' training in NaN's nod the majoriLy III each class solo these prull.arv planes, Passenger Lime is spent iu OSj!;U's and PBY's. Gruund ~chn!J1 suhJuct:. are given to these oiIiceJ;s in @ng.ine titeoT}" navigation, and aerodynamics S1D that the f]lcdical offic.er may g!lfu an insll!ht int() aviahou problems,

FHgh?l surgeon wjIlgsare wurn by grlldulIl<Js (It the school who huvs completed either 'llie .regular Hight eouesc er60 nqurs o£B.ymg in naval aircraft and six months' duty with an active squadren following graduationas aviation medical examiners. Need for aviation medical examiners and !ligHt surgeons was recognized in WI1r'ld Wat I, but was not s;o preasing untll recent year;:; when tiyil!g of today's high-speed
plun!1S brougbt nervous and physical disorders, 'Tension inot:easell as the pilot spends more time in r~wHliness for com hat
W)lI""

plk!~,

WC;U.l"i

og:
OV,(lJ"

microphones,

tesr voice

iotdligibility

engine

noises 31

P,",OTOC"RAf''''Y

STUDE.NTS

GET

II'IANY

HOURS

IN AIR

TAMING

II'IOVIU

AND 5T1LLSt

1IE.m:: $TUDE.!US

OPERATE

II'IITOHliiLL

15

11'111'1, CAMERA

IN PBY

BLJSTU

the Navy'~ School of Photog:rmphy st Peusaan man or officer who may know how operate :it box camera. and in four months tum hlrn out equipped [0 take gtound, aerial or motion pictures. Or r()r that mutter, to purfODll almost any task involving Illrn and lenses. A :'J:;tvy photographer is not a specialist in one type uf pletnre-raking. He musf know bow l-o cover any Navy [II! l gr. pbic assignment. anyv here, at any time, under all conditions. The school is believed ('0 be the largest school of nil ul plwtU'!!IHphy ill the world, !JCCUpyillg six. large LuiltliIlgs with :millions oJ dollars' worth 01 equipment at its di.~i11l~1I1. All ilJ.kllug of Its siZe ean be ol)tained from. the fad thnt its Inborntorfes have 50 contact printers. 50 en-

NAVY'S ONLY PHOTO SCHOOL TURNS OUT CAMERAMEN IN FOUR MONTHS not T to take enlisted
HE C~AL of cola IS to

and sevorul huudred stlll ,1II~l uvle cameras in conm oporutlon, 'Traluing is dlvkled into three phases, The beginner 'P 'lid' fo1ll' Wef!KS learning Ui)! Ies, ohemlstry of pjJoll}gmph)', exposure, dark-room procedure, willi plenty o.f 1'1£ld I.Cl~ignm"'nts mixed in. He enters the advanced basic phase the second men Ili, studying enlarging, Ilash pbotography, copying, slide making, vhotogllaphy of colored objects, Rlters. redueliun, tutenslfioatloii and (Oning. lu lhe fiTial phase, student ph 0 tugruphers take to the ufr r r e_iglLl more weeks' training in aerial and movie cameras. They Jearn sertal photography with axed and band CIW1eras, map making, obliques, stereos, and vectographs. They process, £:di;t und !)r()lect th if own movie rum. Several kinds of cameras, inolueling Eyemo, Mitchell, Akeley, and B'eU & l lowell, nrc-mastered. AltllOHgh officers take the complete course along with the
tUluOU5

huger

uien at school, they

IJ!lWlDy take no pictures after graduatfng, but admmister NaY)' photography a8oa,t or nshore, ~\,Il.lny students are experienced pilots s ~ntbaek (I'()m I'he

Held to learn the problems of being pIH1togr'J.ph.ic OffiC6fS.

Advanted sludenls check 5cho oJ ba.~ :3;5 aircraft 32

OUI

Oil 1I.s1!' uf 1'56 aenial camera; phoio to fly iu cameramen all -assignrnenrs

Enlargi:qg- neptiYes he exposes gives ,photograph~ chance ttl see what good peirus need; school has more than Sri enlargers

utilized to press copper gasket tightly aga.inBt cl IDp .ring, thus compressing It fJnnugl1 to increase lis Iiameter sufflcienlly to £It over exhaust stuck. Ring gasket Laing ol copper does not spring bnck to its original siz when ~pll.n Ier is remo ed, therefore 110 ,~wkwaj'cl manipulation of tool is required 011 actual assembly of the part.
1)1:'.

rVIllIA'" for nile man £Or six days, [t.ls es;;tlnLiul that Tlf:i\" items b mnde as waterprnof us posstble, using scotch [ape or «lher suitable 111at rials available. Space saved s1100ld he nsed for stowll,ge of additiwml water where practicable.

Replace Wood Wheel Cho(ks

Safety Feature for Work Stands
safety feature for engine work stands has been developed at lJlis nation. This devic is a jack consisliug of a threaded crank nut brazed into a steel plate, With this device it is possible to relieve wheels of all weights so that stand eannut TIl ve, Uminating a serious hazard til safet and personnel It replaces
NAS
PF.Al1L HA.HHOll-A

10\1'1';" In W. E. O . .!J,LK1.

);11 1"1'1'. \MlI!1.oJ

-:lflIf'1\'

."'"

"fool-proof"

Change Emergen.cy Rations

Substitufe Horel
BUH1<1U

Candy and Gum

IIl&KSUP ENGIfU: 'Sy,,'ND TO PREV,,-f,jT fW10VING

of Medicine & urgery reports lllnt a daily rutlou of l}!; OZ, of hard candy with < fruit fla var will maintain an individual for a reasonable lime in rail' state well being. This ration is almost totally ahsorb d and requires no water from lb" tissue lOr elimination ef residual salts in the nrlne, thus conserving body Buids. During the process pi digestion of

anu

or

in the urine, thus U,toreasing the rate of dehydration of the body, BuAer has requested that the following changes in aerouauucal emergency rations he made l1S soon as possible:
'Remove all pemnrlean Rnd chocolate. Suh~litutr: apPJ'Orima,tely oint: ounces 01 LlVE ::iAVEJUl, OJnJlMS, lemon drops; rus!' one package of fruit flavored chewing gum I1UJ rctll1n m!llted milk tab1 ts presentl~· supplied. Thls ration is consldered ade-

the

conventional

cheeks which invruiablv became lost, misplaced or broken, it has also eliminsted many bruises. IIhwm,Pl")<!1 1\" tr r,' .A.nll~I,~nl'l, OMJ.l.lj
.. BuAER OMMENT-Thj~ appears tu b good suggestion which could be applied at ,any evenhaul statien by A&R &hop.

movable

wooden

foods such as pemmican and chocolate. ertain salts ate formed that requir considerable water fol' their elimination

of righting capsized life Ihlt'S. A righting line for this PIU'pose is being provided ln rafts in pruductiou, and BuAer recommends that tho e now in service be litted wj~h a pght~{lgline as follows: a, AHach an independent piece of ~' cotton rope lOft. long to the life line on either port or starboard sid center of raft between life line patches, b. secure

SERVICE reports indicate the need for u practicable meun

ends

getting into raft from water, eltmb in

tu prevent haying, An overturned ril.ft equipped wirl: 8 righting line may be cig):Hfld by tossing the llne across to opposite center of .uk and then, with knees braced against that Side, polling hand Over hand until raft is righted. [When pulling: righting line, be 00 lee side of life raft. When
Oil

to lif

line bv two half hitches and serve, c. serve loos

windward

sjde.]

35

CASU ;It/ '9perAtlns In th~ South P'acf;f;c area, bO.$ d.evisedCl "lJ,urifbel of 1.!!iefu~1 a:dap!ations of mafer(cd and equlplT!ent for q!'l ~~flGeli lose s ice unit ':o~n~dion wIth ordnance operations. blAN&Ws senls 0 senes of photog raph.~ aod
4es~iPtion{ .sho~i1l9 how: CASU .~, ttle1rhe Plobl'~'~~!ri the:; flpldand liy lis,mir""lngtl.nVif)t solvedthe'm. P-assltullhQ5 af QtI"Qhc~d base Q'¥.itl;fiDn W'llj~adQPtih_S th~ ~hel'tles natlJ~ redly lui I1mltad, 10 :the; mo.tif1c(s tbey h'ill'l1 tHtheil' tlisptbal .• fherethe ,pt9!>lem(s;Ps mw:h I?rI;»t;urin.g.;1h$ rnareJ'ialt asi' is puJ:thrg fhl! i4~~ Jo wotk. "lumher and na~l, "'Qy be si!l,uce.

',,"To keep Irailers lind equlpmeat fWlII U('!terioraung d ue to ban vy t ain rn 11 rord hot sun In the' SlJulll Paci.B.c, this bm:bb Qi!WCr \VIIS constructed by handymen or thu CASU. SunsWne is hard on rllh. bf'f tiresand raln nCVGf \\IUS noted for il!; lWDc£dui quuliries on meta] gear. The ('0\'1'1' is W f(l('t high in front :l:uJ Bye rt'et hiSh in baok to gtve it irnproved flrainnge qualltdes, Material lIsed Ior the ~efl(ly service bomb shelter \VOLS 2:t4, .2x6 anrl 20x40 tarpaulin, An dli:ht-Ioot earthen bank or revetrrrent W!IS constructed. nround three ~icl6S tit tI!C molter by the Senbees for prutec!ion against h,liiSts Irom bombs
O~

shells'. con-

strueted from a few boards, nails und bll'pa 1I1.iI! s, The hu t was set Il~d~ yO! i ~'1lllldl'Oll personnel ~ith one caS\] l)~!'ltHll1cenHm in charge to k&ep them snpplietl with rilg.~,cleaning rods, cleaniog: solution and other equipment that i~ ne!ltlt~ll to maintain guns in fighting trim. 'rIle hut is bntlt 'wito a 20x40 rt. turpnulill and 2x4 lumh(:)r. The recblllgl!ln.l' shaped hut Was an, IldVllntRge uver a square 01' round build1ng ill tha't it provides onlnancemen and others. worldng on the guns with elbew room .

"" An air gunner's

clElnning

but

was

.. This airoralt service unit showed its resourcefulness by adaplin~r the Mark

l bomb trailer I1S !I portable guncleaning Inl'iler. Due re .grent dis.brlce hutweeu tfle ordnance .mop and the lhie, some 1110uns of c1a~11ling guns on the line bad to be sel up. This Mark J bomb trailer was ecnverted into a gundleaning dedt:e and proved vary saW>fncttlty. i~twas reported. M.nterialll providedror \vodl:ers who use the trailer were afflg container, gun-cleaning pan. Lonl box, cans r.tf dea.nin_g -solution, pertable Ilre ex:ti:n~ni=-htlr and four cans of oil. A slotted holder retales the guns,

II> A low larget Irailer was (Jlll18tnu:tflll £:rOil! a j\lltrk 11 hfltn], trailer. The I'e~lsh\)wn (upper leH) will hold i),OOU fe'~t Hue (It IIlllt'e, dq J~l Id iug 01I ~ ll!.r" of II J!' reel. it i" !(t)I'(JI H;:huoted 1l1,IL fl will last j'nd efiJ_Il tely and gi\'l!$ ~rclli er pori 11hilily lu Low Imgel line, TIlt- l'i?ulis oousrruoterl 01 steel tUh111~ ",lith n crank Illl one ~id 0: III permit re wi n d i11g: IV 1Ih I uc'illly , The tongu<" provided nu the bomb treiler makes it easv to hitclJ III II power vt,hh:1f., whteh t'1I11' huul II La any part 01 the station Oil short notiee. BuOru Mjggtl.~l:s I.hal sqllHilrotl~. particuI.trly Hglltel' squadrnns find Alit.rs may find it vdvautugeolls to make provision in the Hdd, fQr 'thi~ llevlt'<! or SlOW"'" Lhirlg similar hnsed fill LI.I.is SciICU1~_

or

II> When buUdlng

permanen uuunuuirien

l ins lalla tlons

malerials are

scarce

and
tlll

for s torage of

heltl\':d arumuuitinn

are not Ieusible,

was developed' by CASU 'x rnuy prove useful, Tl1t:' rnarlne lUll t \l'lIS VU]uahle for belting and stowiug pj·.tC~ioo umrnuuiti~1n where there were JIO magazines
to store
1:100)'

hul {111'pli"r l~ghL) such ;IS

the shells

til,

Shlmil1rd

tent

construetfon would be ,1 suitabl« base Ior the hut or lhr- illustmted h'1)e of nOorlug could lit' ;ldoptad. ln~kh' the structure, sh(dvMS about waist high were constructed tll pruvide working spnce {Ul' ordrtnneemen. lJy leaving u 5ptl:tu between baSI; 'tllJ lent covering,
\'(1uU1.ILitlll, so CUll
lleCl-~SIH'y III

It'upk.l[

workshops.

be Intrcduced.
~l"f!.cD llml eorurnent,

11"IS Vl;Jdt:l'b·d byci\t.v 'x' wlzidl simplifled the juu or the CXRIJ '<Iud Air Crr.lIlp gunnery cers in keeping track of what w!)rk had

,.. An,:ordnan~e theck,oH ~iSI

l'It,d

indicated

um-

wUl'k had to bf" done <ILl tli.al purtieulur ordi: ance purr, g:~b'(,)11 IJ I ~It il WIJS in
wllrldl:tg

orrler

nnd

Wl11J1llJrlt

uieunl

to be done on an aircraft's urtlnanoe beIore it could leave. Check sheets were handed tl) all crew If'u<.It''r's, whll in turn checked an eqnipmeut II! thw~ squadron. 011 the sheet UltlY marked n~aor

that It requirud tlIiuor acljuslmeut:;, Sheets were turned ill to!>torerC:l11ID checker, who out 1'e0 ru- gl'P!'>ll wHshi4!> un tltt· hourd ( pioture lower lcll, uhove}. 11101.- jde~J has proved valuable.

,..Anolhet use fo\- bomb aurl 1()J'pedo traller Mark II has been {ouud-to hoi s ! tlle tail of an ~1i:rcI'aJlS0 Lhllt its guns ClUI lw If"veJed orr and l.Jorcsigl1tt;1l, There
lurve heeu runny UlftLlwus 1.11' lifting the

tails otl:ightexs /I.!1dother nirernft, Wjth thls parucular methael, Illustrated above. lower right, "lilt" nf th!1 good lea lures of IJsilJ.g die Mark Illntiler 1:; ulilized-ladlIty of openHJo,1l by (lull 111I1.n. A small LJ-\I;fHlped tooth was installed ou nIl' crossbur CJf i Iw Ilftlug arm :';0 lIwl it WOIlJd engage a lall hrucket, II> Becallse 01 the i1ou-exislil tg h (Uigllr d O()fS 'x' did not have to set Ill' it boresjgj1ting pattern, the stand ilh.u~ll"ated ill IJ~e piC'tw·('· at the left was designed und found sa u.sf.lI:etorv. They were C'Dnshucled from 21<:4 lumber, with hlllIinch shnt'lI.L tU Illem 10 l)errnil ttdj!111tment {If thl:! targets POl' the particular type or plane Ileillg bOft'$ig'h tt::d, 1'10·gets were 16 inches ill d1jI01C1h~1' und made u'l.nn ~lleat steel, The entire sturnl WI1i~ iununted oil runcrs r11r f)'mtn· bility. BuA!;l1" suggests that diamlcJtt'r of the lar-gGL Screen discs (or 811<rliameter of t he circle eireun ll/("M hi 1l!J; crosses iJ crosses fire used Instead Ot discs) be
CASU

,l

made t}fJLHII to [0 mlls (12. lnches ttl JOO ft, ['.mgt'l for 11Iu~1 siltllifaclOl'Y resul ts,

31

.~ ,:,,;,-1'"
RILL fMNG~ I'IAI'1,vONIZAT/ON
liflfO

,n"LL RANG'E: BORE: AND su::wr

AlollS HARII'IONI;l:ATIIIN

1$ MIlcDE;EASY WI'TN GRI.I) WNICH

AllOWS

,FO," DROP

OF BULLET

AT1SD.lrOOT

flfllNC

Build Harmo,nization
.''':ATC I'lilNSArm...A-\

Grid

Improve Aerial Guntlery Seores

new motho.l

01 ljllkklr lind [!V~I;Il'ld'd~ h;jJ1nmly,dllg !{W1S ant! sights uu .<lNJ\ h.19 Leer I de~eJoped at NilAS BfllllS{)1I Field. LllI'OlI gh II~e \If ~ 1111"l1I.nge hm::mollZ,1 f l iou grid. S til (iall for -plan is es~~.hli~lH'J ,H II pp!nt wilh nil a[)proxllllutel} k,\ el surIuce II a I umgur is used, harmon lzl 11!! may he dun,> ill ("Ill W~i1tli"'r, Grid i~ ereeted at lull I'WlgC, 7'50 Lpol h-llill plnne, with hm'l'!!' horil':(mtnl bar oi'

'()\It,Ii hnr .mll \ "1'Ii(-,d hal "villi whid! plun ib Iines happened to I." uhgned. 11~illg ill't'j'd I ~iglll ".I' 1\1.11'1.. r 1,11)',"sighli1Ij:t kit. !{Ill I i~ blll'l'si I;\hLL'd ~)Jl rn tersccIi"" ,If lJml \ t'l'ti(.III1 bill' .uu] Ilppl:'r luni/,(illtui hur. Di~tarl(:,· ln-tween npp_llt

IlUiU[ 0[' inl erseetinu

ol lrrwer

gl'll] 1M

i"

Correct 'Prop Overspeeding

Control Hydromatic Propellers
PiJot~ !lpen!twg planes equipped with hydl'ulllali,c propellera sllfJuld Iw lnrnilia r with reCOlnmGIJU oJ Drocodurc IJf cl!lTci::lillg r,\ erspcedi ..~, 0.:1 lflltlcl it

.ind lower bnrs I~ equal to dlt' drop IIf nceu r II 1mller at hnrmi in iz1l1~ runge IL~I;I1. Mnmcnlury overspeeding CUJ] rend! \ .U'iou]' hars .[1'(' pai)Jl'fl{1 U ifferell l e-nl- J rom go \I erncr []I allun eli uul ug or lU:5!i urs ten ~u:s:y kh~ntiH('llti()n IYlmn sight. of oil pressure, This might t)enni[ rpm ifig LllTol\ g)l gUJJ Iinre, In iuorease to sut:l1 (In extent Hmt eveu it the trouble jl'ilm~diatel\' ccrracted itseJf and the governnr endeavored 1.0 Gunne.ry O.mt:ers Lisl Advanta'ges
i\u l:()rl·l'i,:tiIIlH or allrrwances are III MIt: 101' 'I'll rial iOI1 ill t ire ;.Iud strul

control
'I)~'ht

overspeedtng, the

g-rld on 11 level "lith c('l1t~r(JF ~wl~jg.hl rclleet-u pl.I[C;>. r n 1'1!lnn{111j;o:in~,tili! plan f1 i,,, 'nlb,ed nf Uilli] it is l'lgh emmgh to permit Sighting along plumb lilies suspended hum fittillg8 providerl in tUIj underside nl' I'use!tlge, Tall Is Lhell ~ltfn·ed Il1t~'mlly. it necessary, until p 111mb lines lUI.' ill lint' with any p~lft of _gri~1. Tail is !.LeI] ruised Iurther until IOngiU!tlilllll axis of plane is at desired angle. as indicubed by sensttive protraetur h;v(JI used
in conjunction

11l1h1(0)1
less
wllgr
rll)

as these crrurs

Ul'C

,7

[[1i1

or

able Irom it migJJI overcome ceutrllngul

b'1J1J .11' ~igh! Indlviduully, II! 7S0 Ircl. Such all

causes g'lln [0 be "011" ,lil'eel iln I "110.1 ,1I,gl e. LItH., partially I'll" (111nIl g: Ifs ec t. CUlmery OmCtll'~ al the Held d"jlf) lI'f'.'.e I!dl'lInIHg:e.~ for LhI' ~ySh~lll:

ceuditjou, (;'1'1'01' In ease in the same

ul ,(

ol

oil pressure uwLiJuLmfficient ID IWlslillg moveblades n~ ovt;lrsp_ee~jllg.

be

l~rr

ing 11H.t~. Plane

\-<'ith

uanuued au angtue, because ef rllll-[IUlgc Inn 'lIoni~tion

r..1~.\d
2. flmJ u ires nul}' I)Ue mau after tail

/" More a ccuralu than use uf ;] tomplutu :ll:

SI (GJ11 II mtll arion arises. [Iilot o.;lmuW lake immediata nctioJJ to brlDg propelle» under control. Power should he. rerlucerl by dpsing till'ouk and atrplnne speed reduced as much as possible by pnlliJ,)g IJP Ultn a clitnI,. Nor-

IunliPtudinal

level-

iulc:nUly
equal
tel1&On,

I'Xi::~p!
I

inflnBm

I)y iTJ!i.[Wd;:(ng tires IIii' uncl strnls fur 1!(]I1r11 e_~-

Heed

J1nl" bB Itwt'J~-'d

Center

Jot of rLI(I sighL Is n1!lycd to

TO NAVIGATION QUIZ In 51de b Q d!' coyer .2.1 3!l 4.55.5 6.1
(In'

ANSWERS
1,2 VI'Ull!,:u,!~.r mayr"

lel'{"lillg is unnecessary 5. Two or more ll,lanes rnnv be bores-igl,lud siiunltnneuusly, side h~ side 6. Work 11'I<1-y be dune III n hangar so tluit plaue and persounel are cowered

W' lin}' pari ,1, Lateral

13. It is mmccessary [0 shift mil laterally, ell grit! ma)' be used

rnully this will r~101Ilt ill ~lllwing the propeller sufficil;!!lfly ~(,J v.gain eome under l'{'U(TOJ of tlJtI governor. If these attempts al"l~ l,UlSU ucessfu I, feaLhering. PlllUp nn urultt-engined airplanes can be IIIUi~ed. 11 is entirely sflti5fllCtOJ)
[0

cperatc

pump

foy short

periods,

aD"a'l:Il.n'~

"01'>1.1.

O.,,,,ICD90

ft, "" '....

~"H.bla I,gill 6 Oi,vl~i'OI'l'. gtanmmd 9Tu:le tUm "hl.I.,lI nlll"lol Film',.

I"""

""'or',

1If<lll.}" ill_structors at the sqnadren c(m~istently made seoees of forty, 1ifty aml ~bdJ perceu] on high sillG', Hat side llHt! [uw side I1m~. lI~illg, pl!lJ1eS th:ll WOrt' harmonizerl bv this method.

MVAIICE BASES! ~
In NANnvs
HEAR fROM

Yau....

~f~ -........_---

.\ft'l;

38

New Nose Hangar Perfeded

Takes Many Types of Aircr,aft
Bureuu of Aeronuntics has pml'IH-ed • (j Ulttltity or port hle hangar til II n 'W d sigu lur advanced bases aud eontl-

SIIl'IlItUlle(lIls1~.

111'111]1r1JlIWUY, width, '.:puli;d

.IS

.uHT ,hlLiIl IIIJisb uperulr-

till d'l' roue I beams tr:\ ... ·p1inl!; 27 ft. of the 30 ft.

Two eruues ,1'011 Of] 1 5:j ft. elF III 711 ft.. WiJtll

* * * * * * * * * * * .. * * ;.
*

pUlpPl!1;! ,L wI" equlprne-nt

foJ'
<

..
* ..

Make * CONFIDENTIAL BULLETIN

*
1<

nental slatiuus buviug limited hangar f1ll'ilities. The new hUIJ.gnr is 1I portuhle knock-down type ol arch-roof clc....gn. i .onsiructed ill h t-roll t1 stru Imld ~ti'el .IIIU 'ovl'wd with II uewlv devcl opod lmninuted fahril:' whi(,j I is' d nrahlc aT1u Cllp'l ilk of \\'ithsl:llldiug h:U'11 liSt' rllt nt least, [lire tim uormal expect

ai reraft,
,15

t{lIU .rud seu plaues, A lid IllllJg!U Ior carrierhorne aircrart. "'ron I and rear curt:liru, an 2.5 fl. lugh, tnw .. 1 I'll trucks aJin , hull
I

ILl; u unse hnnzar

U tt1u1ti-eOf..ril1t'n

Available!
, '1'/1" 1II0S1 1JIIlulJhl., PIlb/i(>fll;"', III " <'11If/i· ""'IIIi(II, tI(IIIIN' that cl!lllns Ilboll1'u ,~hi/) . • . u:sejul
In·t·IHUlI!. il j.,
tJ

* .,
"1r

1IIItIlll"II,H!I'{!

nuts uud lS!)t'J,.:; I t> A I various ft I rcluge :w L'ugilJ' co vHug iz . The' Irout curtain IS equipped tn handle PltM, Pfi2"l. PBJ IHt rt5r an I R5D, ncar «urtuiu w 1lI .!t'(·OIflJ n I.JlIlJ tv PBJ, IIlD 1'V R51J. J 1Ji'. .Ill (3 altn I RF. Smaller ·""I·i"r~h(\I'1lt' UiJ'<.:J·ftn eun bl' iW'''lIl1nn,JalnJ tJJIt1rUJV wHhiH Ihe structure. Light is p;'(1vlt1ud lIl1'(1l1~h four 01.1..\Ibl~ !!Ia~''''d will hlw .... in 'li ,Ii vulun Ilb(lV€ the curtuiu openlngs. 1\ n expln~i n rOl'r ,it ,rl l1ll]'S!lJltll'l e:-.il .Il!lu II rc o ]ll'llvided. Hcul is l:uuduc'led inu \ tho

rullurs

[IUd

onch is lubricatad

with cut-

"It

'*

'* *

v.

..
*
*
*

* *

,li/{fFSI

I,<",/tl Qtllf'rwi,~" g'" (In/:;. /'r .gQillll It} Ill>meNI/I,~ ".wrl' .." . -A (;1 tr[li"f'1' ul.Hillt(' Cf I.

Imlmlll',~

.il

,,1

*
* '* 1<
'*

lu~j,w

nuuerin!

lIi/lidl

'*

.* ...

'" ."
*
CONfiDENTIAL BULLETIN, ItrllroreJ
uml pllhli"hll,1 mnntldy hy rJ'/II'~ AviUI iIln Tru i 01 ag II h',i",iom, 11011. i
1(1;,111; UrH ... ·o_(ItIC ~1I;1 IIIHh~"ti"

* *

hunznr thl'nl1gh duct 1(llillinL!;s :n1l1 12· incl. ,'<In\'a';; ,lads EmIlI .1 pOl,tilhl gasoLilley 111

* ...
*

* * ;.
*

~in~lf·-tltil:'kucss

canvas,

lim, 11 eu [.(001' llll.luted

nll,1 s rd u,

"Sl"lI1d;ttd numbered cluck with a 1ll1J)~ rnu tfu~ core of viny 1 resin. Tests and I('tunl USE! shnw I'll Filbric In! wuler

This lnlmc IS IOf huuiuuter] ('I)U!ih'llt'Iion, lISilig two thlekncsse III No. 12

Using Steel Storm Cables

Securing Equipment Ad;ustable
\ U 24~PIJ1.u securing equipment ntili'l',ing ~-el·-a~ • snrveye 1 W' galvunIzed steel eahle, h ... heeu designed lind ~ umuulncturcd hy tile operutlous deportIII "Ill. ')1hi~ l(~ar ('ut' hI> l'a~ny adjusted
III

* ..
...

lmperrneabl strt!lIgl h. It
pl'raLIH'Gl>.

a( le~ nnt
is
;1

!\11<] to

have It high tensile t'rJl.~l. .It 1(1\\1 te.n;.11lHl

The hangar

7-ft.

;~j"('hwith

!10·ft. dt'ptlt and is (lesigtlf'ti tu vurr II snuw loat! of 20 lbs, POl' sq. ['t" u wind lead Llf f(j mph. the denrl hull 'f tIlt:! 'ITlldure, anrl tWtl 4,()(HI.th. C'I'ant' I(luds

III

ruost

Iypes

III

IJ)

U.St'

III III >

n]' l'·c!nmps \
Sl"tJ\1TC'S

planes alld turnbuckles.

S(~I'\

ice

;~(·t'I/I1I)?,1I1ylug phurugrapli,

"*

storm

(,,,I!lt'

uoso

nl pl.mo

.. ..
'I<

.. * ..
;.

you ~hollhl "IIU\\, alUTHH Nat"il' " i:llioll. 1\ IrlHlllllh Cflllfi,/emiul in clussl fien u w idl!..1 Ito.sihl e ,I i '~AI"iuu I jllll -11411ul,1 be jJ"ell each I'OPY. '!Huke sure onfidenrinl nn!! lin j" ~1l>11'" ill ~ II b rea "l"r~ ""gn Inrly I

;nCorma,i'H!

* ..

;11,

'"

'"
*-

* * • * * ~* * * • * * * *
with lel)H rer (,lJnf!1r,g_ strip where rnrn h t~!k"l1 around propeller ~baJt. 'utlle<; .B nod secure wings and C'nll!ti~t of gul\'(llll'pci h[)(lk~ frlJ' t(c-!(!11rir1g tel padeye ill deek w!dlr iiM(i'l'lmuk-; uim!lp Into willg 5&('111'111$.1; rirlp.. Adjil.~IIlJfI.flt is nmde hy II (J oJ tT-t,lhhlp ami tlll'lllnwkl . Cable l) secures tail j y attaching to tailhonk filling On lower sidp of [l_lstll:lg nr, IVll :r> UH!rC is 110 ril1g, hnuk ill slipped olr t'haffing strip is put on nnd hIDI is t:~k~1l on milwheel stTiIt. ~BrtAE1{ OMJlfENT "curing I[I1(>S other than mnnilu 3'!'t' n I favored un arriers l.or ordlnnry operations due [0 B('xibi 1icy required in securing, uuie requ ired to 1'ig ",ith ",ire and hazard .,r I:urnbuck~ and

NANews recommends as REOUIR,ED READING!

'"

* *

fittings ill high winds lImJ !lUI SIrea ms, Wire se uring might hI.' useful under gale con<nIjOQ~, h wever. and h"" beeQ used in eVE
~il'p[.,ne transport

l>eru.red rully ann'

fOJ'

job., where Ih~ trip.

air:plan~s art::

39

LETTERS
blltl"

PUBLI(ATIONS
W.I't.ite_;b;
till
PUIil .. ICAl'IIIN SECTION EiUA~FI

C<JJ]gr.lttUl,fillU~ an: elg.'IiII in nrder In l'hl'

~ilil'w:~

will Lake

fin", knlf!_· hl.ule

Anything (Ilm be u~"d tlnu (luge" and kc:cp Il. Handles both
111\ \'

"I

NANEIV5

whkl.1

lill~

f!!e('h PU

!I.~II_<I!1y are

nuuh- 1,lr ulunrinmu

unanimuu« prui"'~' .Ibunrd. 'J'Ju~ fr-I.'lit.lg nbnut i'\t':\I'l> ts tlmtit svrves ,1$ II "cleuriug lklll~t''' utith.!us fur ~lll !W1~utuutlcul uetiv ili~5 IJIld ill; sue h IJ<I'I, 11 d()l'~, eif .... UU C'I"ffiSO the uxchunue oJ letters ",lh'~r t" Bu.'\"r 01' t.,.1 ullliir _!t~ti\,fti~"". CO,\! .'IAl\' IW~" Ch~' 1>'1 I

+inus nF Plexiglass,

"ntllnlllillllfllg 111111d c

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40

WHAT DO YOU kNOW ABOUT

A.N used to find his WCly from. iplace to place prin. clpally by memory, In those da.ys, the North Amed"·Qn IndiQns were great ones. to travel :Iong distance.sl:lncl then retufn home wit'i!, .Iittle or no trouble. Keen memory, an cccur·cfe sense of direction,and ,'nstine.' were probcl,b.ly the redddns' stock-i.n·trade.Navol (lviators can well Os$' thes.e dtt'ribule5, but in, modern warfarefhey mtfst be supp[emen.ted with moreexad methods of novigaticm, Try quesrlens, then see p.38. .
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NAVIGAT_ION?
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