"

let hi h·, V I, • "

.In his first tussle with JflP AirCJ;ewmlln
IQ

planes, got ready touch

Itl

Baxter

open up (HI Q'ltwr, puc the finishlnp;

hut insc(;!nd

Zeke trailing Ills SHD.

..
After scoring dir:ect hit on a jap AK, this fighlting Air-

crewman gol the last word in an argumentwifh

Willi

a Zeke

z6, lIud found <1 murc----aU 20 :mm.~wb!;ln Ire got back on rhcCiI,rl'iercleck. The ,1(~don·loo.k place oe:l:l' Raj, last December,
after the plane i.o which Haxtu w-as

BRO\'VN BAXTER. AR.Mlc, m.uel)' interrupted juse as he was about [Q open 01' on the Ctrs'l Jap plane lie bad ever seen rhru his sights. It was an Oscar, Arm)-' fighrer, bearing about 150 degrees .ARTFlL"R JuS[ as Baxter was

relative,

ready

1'0

open up he -!law tracers coming at his snD from dead astern, They came fri'lm 3 Jap Zeke. l! had" slight altitude advantage and WR9 mll'ki'ng
StE1'n Am. "I let him hnve it, lind my bullets seemed fa be bitLing, Tb~n his bullets STarted
II

$lightly and seemed partidly out or coetrol; but if kept rigfn on coming in to II poilll less than SO fCIilI fnHlI where Ua-xtel' sal, pouring out the lead. "[ didn't see how he could keep [rom crashj ag into us. but my pilot did a sharp turn 10(' lb.e right, ZtikIJ'S nosefell. -and ir went under our

the gunner di~ect bit

and radioman 00 II. japaa.ese

hll;a scored 3 cugo "e&$el.,

me-

port

horizontal

lin,"

n<>.ddlcctign

Bu"rer. said. "That was lasr 1 saw of ir, bur piLol Saw [t pull up \Yi~hi n am ile, s-pio, and £:"0 :>1r.1igoht into me water fr~)m SUO reef."

me

me

hirting, IQO,.·' Baxter said a,Jterwnrd. A" 30n feel 11'1'11. Jap begnojn vibrate

On the way back J'Q rheearrier, Baxrer r'lb:xecl l?y countingtbt! bullet holes In che PQrt wingo£ hill S&D plaWl. He counted

ha've what it takes I

Aircrewme

NAlI'A!

AVIATION

NEWS

HlY

I~. 1944

..
P
HO'to

SHADOWS THROW LlG . T

Th."IKlU'.RETERS regarJ shadows as hi!;dU'y impurtanl sources c,d rnilitary illIc,ll'Wcalioll ill llieil' analysis of aerial reeounaissance photographs. )\ shadow mar he defiueel as anaeeurete pro] eetio I I uf a solid upnn a screen, which mn) be the earth's surface or ,mother bod)' or a cmnhiuation ul iii· two. Shnclows are particularly h clpful 1n the identiltclttioll (,)f man-made features- In ground plan. shaduws arc Iro([uc]'l'lly much Larger aud more distinctive 111 ¢olnr lone thall the (1bject~ w-hich east thPnl. auel rhus serve ns pointers direeting altf'ntion tQ these ubj(-'cts, Tall slender objects, such as smokestacks, water towers. storuge tanks. 01' maio and radar inatallatleus, Irequeutly would be almost indistinguishable hut For their shadows.

The value of shadows in dcterminlng three dimensionul lurrn la.luY"dJI}' has definite limitations, Shadew fonn always must be studied in relation to the ground plan of the bn ildillg or object. OuJ)' for objects of ~iIl'lplr. and regular Forrn do shadows register a pmfile view 'fvhich 01'-\)' be regardod M tmywhe,re -near reliable.
.1.

II

h('~ght can be eletennlned hy com;pali.~oli with th shadow length nf _an object whose height is known. LItbe day and bour ef exposure w-e known, aetna 1 bright can he ealeula tpd directly from the .shadow length_ There are many times when shadows an' vllluable. but usuallv they onl suggest size or shape.

S. but uctnal
IIADOW

LIENCTIlS

give-

Hll'IeUSlUe

0:£

rel.. tive height,

THESE

AXIS VESseEL5 :I.YiIIIG IN ,I, N,I,;zJ-OCCUPIEO

PORT

PRESENT

.... ' :INTERESTI'NG N

,l,IIIIAY OF SHADOWS

....ND OUTL,INES

FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC

,INn:RPRETUI~

ABSE,NCEOf SHADOWS MAY IDENTIFY FAKE PLANES PAINTED ON RUNWAY

full ;) n.irural thing on pllssi1Jlf' S ~lI.uJo,~1It!WilYS the bhwkl'sl snnshlne, earth. H isshndow in
E~ 1'110\1'I-UE AlB. ill

i~

s~'m€!t.i:n1l::l;may b4J tho due to SUl1~estrlllc~ric euemv rauh, L,t, th~' clet;idiog fudor ill idf'lI!i1 Ylug fI :;[,!i:p II! plr!!tl;) hom verticul phutographs. Or ll'mr Pl'lividc valnahle profllu inforrnatien in rec(}Il~I'rIlN::ilJ~ meusnrud drawings IlJ models of shl-p.'l oJ' planes. On the otl16r hand. IIIisenoe '!,If s h ndows mav Illdleal_~ ink!.' plafle.~ painted 1)11 a fIlllwny or p~l:rking strip.' These illwl'Y:' l.IPPC'M pt·rft'l.:tlj' Hal and I wo-dimensfonal ,.vhall \ iewed
.~IIlI'.i.uu, IUU)'

certulu

i-mgl0S

lind Ctmtlitinus

,)J_ J1gb I Lo ].In)u nee.

witll

through graphs,

a stereo viewer.

Fake

shadows

may be placed

perfeetly matt bh,(;k Ullin!. iJ dummy shadow us dark (11 even darker thuu II real .dmdtlw, but these ("onilit:illns ure rare- It is a goo(l wllrking rule to say that, whereas bhll'k painl will often pllt1ll1gr::tpll :1TlO lonk s,ltrp~isit1g1}' light in 11)[110'_ a real .~hadnw \01'11..-s nell.\,., hll'ru hlnck. Thls 8h3<.10'-"

OIl' gr[lllnd, hull: th~~ll cun b~ spotted

us They rlo nol ciu:ui:ge with

iu
th~

It

series

or

on

photo-

~1I1l.

til hlack rard

whit€' photos. shuda"",,, is highly trrrportant. EVfm tbrm~ 11"lil'f may h~ negligible, mo.~'t ohjects. CJ1$t S.hflOO\W lilat I'll1'(1\\
vxtru liglll Oil

I'h ...

sllapc

[If

01£"

,(bjed

~'t'I'1I ill vertieal

"it,,,,

bi~hliJl,'ht ,n1i'JnI 2

Aiis plane~ tIll r kw

0 II HII 11 ir

[i,·1cl

I"

Ital

4f'llliho

rn"hrofnp:ful,

Y uast t'n

hi iil:k shad lIW& thn nlih!"' inl"llmkl'>

Detepllon failed here.

pf\intr,1 nn Ill<'

1\ ls

1';!<1~}'

1m r~;1111' .;:1 ri-I"

lu Jisti ngu i~I, the f uke plu 1100 \'~ III.·... " ~!. !'II,~ Ii'Ul. ,; 01 • h II d I'IW~

IN PLAN VIEW, SHADOW MAY BETRAY MORE DETAILS THA.N OBJECT ITSELF
I characteristic appearance in aerial important tOI:!JllSjcler shape, relative
N.TIU'ING hJ
.Ill

idlmtl.fy

jlldivlclllaJ

<1

avjl"l!l Of :11'E:~1 that has photographs; il is $1;1;1:, the tune It i;lP-

pear~, and t:Jle slmuow which it casts, Often llhadows will reveal more detail lh.in the plllll views LLewseh es. This is esp«'tall)' true in (lieense uf Silips, bridges. tuwers, etc, where the muss DE detail is lost in the pl'JI1 view, An outstanding example of the use of ~hadow fQr extra ifltormntien is shown In the phntugrarll 1111:' bridgo.: (right). ATIPl'QXimale height of all objea! CUll be useertatned front ,( l'ompurisol1 ul the length oJ IL., shadow v.'ith thut of the shadow of some. objeot of known height. Pictures lukcu in lfl~ early mornhrg or late :'1ftellUlon are extremely useful for tltiB reason. Shadow lengtl1 gives all uecnrnte val ue rVI'

or

relative 116cigbt only v vhilll tho shadow is cast Oil rc1urively flal ground tlnrl the h:ls~ nl' Hie nhj Jol1is viqihle aLl~1verticall benenth lhe point or edge where tfw .dladm,I' hegills. The

latter ccnditlens are fulfilled by buildings ,lith verttcal walls «courring ri the center (If tll.e phOlogl1fLTIb and by tnll. slf'nder nhjeclssunh us b-em; and smokestacks iu nil parts ()f the photo except along n line through the center point. para Hal til Ihe ~hal'lnw IIil'e('tion ill picture being ~hJdjed, Ar.P41 \'I10;'; of cenntn Inrmulns, thtl phntn illI:he lleighc ·of 1111 (Jhjed Its <I!1 11e.riul photo. This prueedure assumes that the shadow falls 011 level grollnd, and rhattbeearth is a sphere. In order tG <IPply this Iormnla date and time of photography lind lati.lude and longitude of photogruplty must be known. Th. >TB alsn is a grnpl1ic ruethnd fOT deteI'I'I1in.ing: the direction of north. from the direction of sbadows on aMBI photographs. Time of QIlY at which exposures ate made is dictrdeu p<lrTly by neoessRy 1ll1d parl:.ly by onnsirlerntiM of visibility RUa shadow ·elfeut. III sume cases phuto!-rH1.phs J:I'Iny Iw mnde (~arl):'or late in the uuy purposely to reveal minor .surt let> il':regu1(l.ril:ies through lengthened shadows, In other tnstances tll.! sarnearea may he repllott)gmp}lml at dilIe.rerrl .Ible B terpreter i~ uf to determine from the ltillgth shadow in
limes cf day tu abillin maxirunm infurmal inn tlll'oug!L til!'

YruE

('hangin[! ot shadow tlffoct.~. Lighting at the time of phr» tf)_gra:ph can phlY aU kinds l~f l-ricks wilh ground shape»

..

lDng sh ado WS
j11mln

1)11 SI1!lIi' ulen rh mark ra dio in.~ tul!:1U 0 n i1.1 Illgh 1 rif }ap..llf·ld Paranl!!sTlinI Island A IUtmlt" I~ 11l.0()ll fri!('1

Shadows

ufWI1 ruvea I more, detail J:hiliJ jlLIIl views lhe111SelVes. <;trlkillP: f'~mfllil nf tM~ h thr \ t·rHc:.l pkh 11'l' ,'If lll.. hridgp

CAMOUFLAGE IS WORTHLESS WHILE

and

graph. Shadows must he knIed

less c!.JJ;j~pic\uuus. in aerial' photngraphs

spot the installation

immetl1nte:ly

in an aari[LJ photoin order IQ makathll tnnks

..

SHADOWS OF OBJECrS TELL STORY

A -ficid \~1Jlattract
KNO'I'?LE:OOB

Ilnge work.

of shadows is -very hnpcrtnnt ill uU carnouA plane or ,h'uek pm'ked in tIle middle of .a

inunewlrte attentiuII,

while mLC pa~ed

at

the edge

japs often build structures IlTOWld trunks at palm trees :;0 thai the sh;;1.dOW5 .from the jngg:ed brancheswill break tip tIm rectangular ffiltline of the building below, It also is possible to hreak up the shadow (JI an ilio]atcd vchide or bulla tng by plilwiJilg it, where its shadow '1,;11 fallon surf 1l~L'!! thal diStort ft. s1;Ich as reeks, low bushes or lm'kaD gL'OIlDlL In field camouflage the importance of painl usually is Q\'erestiroflted. There is no, maglc .in b1fs,f\lptiW or dazz1epa:inllng as such, The rnund, top of a group of r uel storage tankseen be painted tn geomdric patterns of some kind, ·1 ~)fIl'eh; eel to blend them intn lhe natuml surroundings, Btl I IhrtL il; nul enough, Thas6 tauks ~Yill !':l1St strong ,~hlltlnw~

of the field ill the con:Fllsiu_g- shm:lowlt of a hedge row Or dump .palm trees wIll 00 lc.ss consplcunus, 'fliP

or

all strong contrasts of llghl Il.gain~t llark or dlll'"k ag~inst light are 5 !rlking , A tank ptilr"ke~ '1l1 the sands In the desert tim)' be -paiute:dcurruully tu sinlublc ths local color of the desert. 1,nl the inky hh.lI::hu;IS~ of its ~JJnd(jw 011 the snnd will he n dead gi"~!lwl.l~, By nhs.el''I'jllg Ihis hIe! iii studying aerial photographs, Arue~l Iorees leum vrumlbll;" in£orro,Lllon wLkh ean he applied in our 1l~"'11 (,'at11(lIll:lltgcmethods. TlU;k nnmber one in the problem of camoulliLgirlg anyI-It/jlg: In an exno:;ed loeatiun is to kill the shadows. This i~ mure rrnp\)rtrult thsn worvy.in_g ahnur color of the paint 01' Hl:\"hl:ncssof the surface in tills case, Vehicles CHlI lJC lJurked near UHY fnnT! desert vegetation, MI\:h Ill> eame-l gr'lIs!>, which Ihrows SU'crJ.C shadow uf its own. Obviously objects pl[]~'1'ld 'OJ] or neal' str"ngly marked pnrts of any pattern ut-

or

lhese stn)ug fl;:atureli. Shadows uf. dumps of vegetstr,m millg}' with lllOstJ rot tile -purkad vehicles and lereak Ill' LJleir rigid 01 I WJ1e.'l, II there Js Il/.! ve.~f't'nli(lr1 in -!iigllt, jll'operly l!;frl1t~h~] nets used ifLtclli~ently m,{y hfllp alit.

rrum

lrnct

the eye less

thall

the

snme

objects

larther

removed

\,

..

..
SHADOW EFFECTS PLAY BIG: ROLE IN MAPPING FROM AERIAL PHOTOS
T mUll)' projects
ITiE:

and indivhlucl

11m revealed clearly.

MOST

\1 IDES I' IU:::JIU 111'ih: III

\'tirfo~l~ t}'p~s

II

new branch of seienee •.. nem~f,!;eolog ~l·qlogic Hll'U ods, Til til\'
uuce of
11 (!1]J;1JuI

'lerial photns JJUS been lUI' of rnupplug. I r1 pe-a(:.clilll{l this tucludes ol' ail uugiue 'ring IIUIIll'(·. Tlte evoluliun III
•
U

has rcvoluliolJul'd

lJbl<t,rv~J'

1(

"~nil:.ll lltlL(l p

relief mup. Till/ umouut f d 'tail suo VII fill' xeeeds thai \\ hidl it is pes 'ih1 til 5110\ OIl any mall of com] nmhle scale

-pie;tol'inl map. and, i strong shaJuw etfeds are PI'I;lSOJll, iL Ulay eW1J simulate the 'lLJP~l<lnLJICf' (1,1 a ,~hatlt!d

lm~ the

UplJ '1:\1"·

trees, I'uoks. tndls uud otbf'r milio!' Il"a'lUrtlS 'light dilfel'etlc·I.:S in surface cuLlralinll r lutl:lJ II) \ariat.(OI!> III sofl, vegetation tlllU mLlishm .. eondltiou IH' (liNdus d, uud til iuluute d ,!tliils ol Hal will Jl~~t:, t 1"11 such w, tlio,,!· 01 stream s,ysl0lm, ure brought into view. . LTnJ:1.:r LhsLlmn)5COl ' lIw lOprlg.l·t\p]lY stands lorth in three drmenstous Ull;Js!l'I~ll1 l'~Her Ieatures are H'fJllgl1'izflhle. The application of aerinl photos to military use is maniluld, indudillg, tuetl .ul sllldiN' uf terrain, l,el<'<,.:tillll ut ';lmnuI'luge, procurenrent ul tl1totllltllilm as ui cuemy iust.lIatiolls and .IC!U, ities, pl umhlg 01 bnmbing attHch and the surveyiI.g ut rC-1JJts, ami the exr.un!ioll of ..\ICJf~ in millhl\)' englneerrug lwei IT1 ry g eologv. H is. higllly- iUl pUI'taul ill tlle ilita prjj_pal'Hti~lJ1 of ,'ari<1l1s In illtary maps; TO;l considerable uegrt\l' these HPIJIi 'aU IllS repr SPill ;1.11extensiou and cernbinutinu ul 1I00'mHI pencctime lise Hi photos 10 i~ war use,

..

£.s OF MOUI'ITAINOU5

TERRAIN.

BRINGrHG

TO

ATf"EJlTlON

SM"L.I;,

OE:rllll.S

"""tlCH

MIt;;H:1'

B.E 1'11'$$£11 oTHERWISE

..

THREE

VET£RA,N'

or

WORLD WIIR It ARE M MURS

OF OTTUII'IW.t'S VOLUNTEER

!oYsTEM

TH ...T SOIJNDS. TH~

W"'RNIH.G; OF APPROACHING

STORMS

Cit"zens Warn A"r St tion of Storm Danger

6

N S 0'-1'1 ,~wA-'rhJiIstrttlen 'will nul be cangh~ ill an unexpected tll1.mdtll'~rorm if m ambers II tilt! thunderstorm wuruing network hov flll)r suv. I'll is v nlUlllf' r corps I,) f patti uti e 10 1!1 W' uud M i sOlid I.,ilaens \ us organized by
th st:,tic)n's ierology office to provide "(h nnce warning of ;IllY metenrulugical disturbance tlint mighl etidtLllger j\AS personnel and plnncs,

secuou

rians, elergymeu,

01 American

Hfe-grtK:ers, IlbtMlei pllol1e opel'atO!'i>,

HOD. At 130() Sunday, pril 23. the network reported aIL appr aching thl1l1del"-

(lew 'par ermeu, filling stutiou operators, The value of lhe wurnlng system was established shortly niter ttR orgnniza-

o( 50 n lles
<It JqAS

The network is system

II

ex1euwlIg from the- center flU umwa. ~1.emberslilp ill th~

eucle with

Ii rUlUIIS

storm, lind all plulle. wer 'e 'UI" d. il. moderate storm. with strong gw;ls. passed over th air stntiun al 140Q, wilh no lamag at all 1-0hircraft. r;.CNO COMMENT-A hearl' p,1t 1>1'1 rhe back to the aerological oflic~ for makin.g e>«:el1enr we llva ilable £ndlJu'e&

warning

eoruprises

cross-

ur

..

Don't AlwaysfoUow

the Leader

d~lIey 1\1 weathercock, ThE' pJIlJlt: \\i'1I1 (1J[ tho J'illH\11.r into ~]lnd and nnsed over;
-\ual:\,~jHg

trul tower, a J HF'·5 pilot 'ltlt-'I))pt,~·d :, l'I'O~"S-WjwJ laudlng R(l(ldl'l' ,1I1[] hf<lk~ (,quid Hilt nVat'l;lllllt' U [ClI-15-uegree

"'"~nuw:llIg lhe example ul nther Incu] truLlil' at n srnull LlirReld wlthont UiCl1!J-

1m! fl .... III thl' (Jr\ew Wt:rf' "ifled. !! The ill\t~.,!'lg~LUfJg LnHl'd\VI\$ ur Ilw opinion (J1 iIt, rd'bo r hecomin !J; con f used ,IS tu his exact l)vI'llIOlI ill his <Lppnl<Lclt, the pilot should nul [rave HttemptetL tn coutinue til!;' lancling hilt ~hnul(l [iuve

\·u

takeu

j'IlNlt'd!'!l!;'

Ildiu)I

h,) Ilrit'nlllle

landlng. poor [udgment ,I., ~ekctjon IWIS made 'l1ld l'llt' Ilppnmw \\',IS tou iasl to!' such 11small rIllTI>,111', In tjm tuture, I will nnt al. t",mpl ·ul,~s.wi.Jj(l lu lid Il..l,gs regunl Iess ol
this

p!lnl "1,1

li.tilL

the

'icc.ident

Iliter,

th",

to

1'11,\'\ .l}

tru Ail' t'''u(liH~JUS,

tl re 111r<1t1t' can Ite~ used In i! I ~Ii~hi ('rOSSoII IIttl lWJ(liug hu I the brake,",
., vailulile
unc]

I,I u l"llg

f1 HIwi'ly

i~

[lldth·r

eunuol

he

relied

upon,'

Out of ItsClaS5
rom a HilutilU;' It' ('It. gill lilt> IT pilot nbtnined permfssion Io make dummy runs un the tJt1l1~r p.ktIlt1S in a TIU" fMm;tlinn in order hi giv(' hi!> rui ret gunuer lralntng hi dry sighting,

Iie til rUill,g

Ii

pHlI.'lice,

.\ pprnaehiu g lrom abuve j.lLJI't quarter, the pilot do\'e toward the
grOtl!".

and

Ill]

1111-'

inlendiUll
Ifj,l

10

the olhc~ "uthuril'~d m'II'I.I!Ulle~~. &er)' plane I!o daslgnl,d 10 \\Iiilisi'ilnd certa in to a d ,fru:tors <Ind struc! urn I [.. itu"" i~ ",err apt 1.0 o«ur If 11 ,is 'U'esst-d beyond (hCSl.! limits. You rnn'c {~II by the ..• ize 01 ill all PllhQ) planes.] .1 plane how much puuishllJBIl'lil will ;,tIlfld, Any luiglll wLit e Ught I,vill de~lnjy hut you can. c~sil}' lill.d ObI by lookin~ u ight 1·~~jUll \'()f)' quitikly wh He the prm.:, up the l,edmicaJ orders concerned. AnyI,Lllll!; lInu

Tller!! was suHidl.'llt Fuel ullfturd tl) drdc- fof' severul Il(nu"!;. and the [lil,)l Imsily t()\11d lH1v{~ J'C!lUf.l.!jl:tJd ;lddjtiulLW lightiH,1! 1)[ the (l1'Ca, There was uo bcU'!'r lo luud. Another error that is believed to hU\'f' cO\IL:ribuled ruutermllv hlwal'd, 11"0 cm~1l wus the pIlol'S Illl'a.g~ w( I ht> ll.JJIlL light. Due 10 the ~laHl oJ. LItis Ii~hl ill the ('o!.'kpil aud UIC reJle~'tjoll (I)]· the wincl ~h;elll, nell IUCiI' {'n-plllli uur IJilot wu~ Hblt: tu :«'" the oh~ttt !dj(1I1 lights near the landlng arcn 1I11d t'1,!t'!lCr J uCllltiy WliS urtable t" dutl'rmiOI1 the plune's exaet position ill rd.lIlinn to thest' oh,tl'1tt'ltiOH!>, The pilot ~lm(1I.111J11f IlJtVf' IUj'OPU 01, tJll~ ,~potljght but shonld have used a IIO.11dheld ijai~1tlight i wh i(,h IVU" uvuilu hle i with 1I11" bemn d!:rtI'ct(·d tiLroHg:11 a piece ,If dark dull,. (Noie: Al<lion i~ hl'ling I ake n L" ill ~hl 11 ff'd ('0(' k-pH lil)(l LIig:l ] tIl
himself •. deHllilcly and correctly.

i.u d ~':tIlI.:P' wlug-nver so [he gl1l1I!t'r ~O!1'tl gill ~ shet at lhe l'e:U pllUws. Tlie maneuver, however.
p ILlI I~rollgll t him tl,J. a t1(:)ar· inverted !lo:;ilioll. !'O(1 l'l{)li€ ah<:wf' the form.a.ti[J11 ttl fullcl\\ 'Iilrough ill I he wing-over. To <lVllitl a

bod,- who cxceods these rcs(l"kd"'n~ i~ apt

(,0

end up' n~ " h"rribl~

example,

ess uf adl!ptill,l!; ow.:·~ eyes to lin rkuess i.:: l't,lntivl:'lr muoh slmv·,.l'. Night Uying

pil"ts 1i11l.!rI III brush

II

f!l1 T"

19- 4-1.

Nigh.f L.onding Crash

A PUM pilot W.1S uu a I'(II.IU,II I1lghl ",n, coverage Aight when his in..trUU'l,·~lIl J~:llIIC( Ill!nl'~,~l'ellt Ugh!:;. [.a.il.,d uud tJI~ Flw1-G,ltC Compass became in"PCrutiVl', Tire bih.ll'l'!ll t'Hul{1 lIot hI! re[llJin·d i.1I !Ugh! so tht' pil(lt rlt!1:'id!'u til
L'UII ~(ltlltu

"'For W'Qnt of

(I

Nail"

l'nflls:ion. 1100' tried

to noll nil over and l'r:iShed

.

'l'onp' filii in .If! t"x:lggerHtcu ha rre I roll, SUI )11 ,,,!tel' pa/>Sillg II It< mverted lIo11:itllJll,

the 11?ft wing fflJluu, '111C' phmfl

,~~ G.ratll'tH11l'f'eltlbvn.· ... yo:

ill an io\'o::rled ~l>il1,

'f orpedo bombers aee ",..stric!'(o,d from muiit oCl'ob,ni<" !nnn"Il\'l.'rs. by T(od1l1,cal O~cI.,.. 84-42, Wing.oWI'., .;1110 ""l'tio:~ I 'turrl,' lire the only maneuver5 penuined "nt! tllm ~II1lr .... en !Qr.pet!..,,,s :inti bomb.~ .>11'(' nue h C'lft ied, A ,C olnpari!,Un uf pl' rllliS11l1le .. c· "e1"",a'tiuru; fo."ligln",..,. an.d to'rf>l!do pl>1n"~ <:h !ll.Ild ".Oll vinc~ an y pH01 tI UII ,'~I~m ti1t15.l' manl'\.Jven must b.. m,,,fulJy ('xolct,te.d, Coo(1'01 must be solouIl, b"Ci!U6C )'J,)U ~'1l1tb~Jlk <In)' airpl;o,.. \+,jlh ;lbfUl'Il .:onUiul mOil"· ml'.nt .. Use th~ act'cklruI11c.[er tu cN,iu )'ourself LO still' on tht! ~!" sid" (If the dc,~ign"d '<UI!SS .!im; t~ tluri n g glide p u I100.1.1"". $feel' ...

'If-f

Th,' 'rBM is NOT II FIGFJ1'fR!

urstrument nan""l. he b..!!'IIt'-a 1)11 the pilot's L~Jl'b.'y,tlt Split lighl wllil'h re'sl.lltl2'd iu ;j gl are ~ 1111 ,] rt1HectiOII [If light on llJ(' wimlshitlld, '\fte, Uyblg tilt' heuru Lack to bfL~t'. the pilot immcdhUdy comml~]1(:tId " let -dnwn, h u t he~'<,I.l'nE' l1mIU:'It'd ;J.S to hiS ptlsilioll d,u'LUg IIIP finRl
~lPl)rOH(·ll BlI'UlIlll

to base,

To supply

light

IHI

the

For want ol n pil!:!!" ill back oJ /I, sh"rt pil, )1' h il> rnrld er l'I)l1 [,t'ol W~~~losi, for ~",u.11 (1£ l'liddr·r (",)\1 (I'U] 11 IX J treetiunal eontrnl wall 111$l: l1H(.1 fur wunt 01 (lir('ctioll!ll eoul ml be ran I:,I'!'P :,motH~1 p/,WI' aud (he use 01 both was lDN!'~ ,Ill f"r Willi! III u pilloVlI

8e Warned!
P4U pil,:n Ul)!JIllly gl!j, liurl wh~n bis whae] crank slips out of his h.and, Til" lnjuricb .u\' quile- ·slmilar to tho~ which IJliJ!d tu happlln when ;1 D1(ldel T Foul I'Q~kfir"d whije bei.ng crm.ik"d. Both Ihe CO and ElolllC gel! a brokM ann itQIfll Ih~' first !14P,3 shipped COo :I. Mlu3dror! Icn thCo Pacific. Since then !hen: ~avc ~('en ,li4.tge "!.Imhe.. of Er:t.:.tu"~" tlnd bruises 'fro.IJ' the ,",'11)1<, "au"e., One 3,1[010 .. ,cl;,imed tha~ ell"".)' W·.ld~u' h"d 10 gerhil once blllor" Ill, 1l1'arnpd £0 cesp~ct .hi". '" 11."el tt;! 11k, I hate tot.e lieve thiS, bu( it lookB li~ hr m~)" be!' right. But why must we l"~rn lile painful "'<I}'?
AI1

""j~
®!.

Gr~l!lp,rn'

p",t/h,m" '<l:"f5:

aTld lIew into nn >l!llri1ullitioll ,hOJ'I l)f thl: l11wHng m<f';'d.

A£.R SHOPS
LET

FROM You!

WEAR

,NANEW5

rapt

Don't Jus, Sit There

Ir
,)!ITt'
uhr/tliJr'l'

I~ 1/11/1'1/ UI'llIf,h' r II' rL'/tl.r 11111 tv//"'''1 !. II UOi' atu! pi",,, 'uI' '-'l'l.-fUlltlll/.:. rill., il< 11l1! sad 'il"r~1 "f II I'll", !I'lm ,,/1<1,11' lilt' IrMHg ~ww m,d !t>1'(l/1g
111ilrl'

.J

eould Il'lve cut the s\\'ilC'h and made ,l l!urrlJU I Lu 1\1ing on tlJ€l II Id. OfcolU~~ it I,,~~~ then tuo Jute. I matil! u hill W.ltt'r L!IIdillg .uul Iht!' lhr1;!rt \1.'> \W'l'e r~'~I'lJl'd I!I ,t [lIIl'llt'f HI' muuues,"

or

AJI snD'5 made ,I HOI1"IUII larnliug. tI Jl~lL tire, A1UhJugi J the pill)l knew lither plan\!!> were (;umillg Ill, luuul 11tt(1
,tUU'WCclUlI; pinna to remain just wht·1'O it ~ll')"[lPcll On the 11lnWar, 11 If' l'lmlrul

fw' /ii"

,{J.11illg.

The Tnlllhle.

B'Jilrd

llJ:,'l·o..>,ed

th"t

tIl{'

pill1t ('1~111d II:! n' i:1!)ded 011 the IIwway by ('\)Ui'Hg (lie igniliulJ switch and Tlhl.~-

inu, u dead stick lunding, Because he

llid llut, 011(1 'J1HM wus Iur ~(l'ikiilg; uuel :.\i1l1\'u~1",
rueOnln1i!'-II~lt'd

W'~l'r mlled him

YOI!

ill vrun, Theil ;\lmC?

nt'~t plilne !'t)

guessed ttl l'lre

bud

"I WQ:$ in a Murrv'"

Hem j!J( ~UI uviution l!uJeL'~ .stur~· ul !ww lie I.:nlCKeJ up un Sl\J: "1 wo..' sebedujt.)d (IS ,I fill-in 011 au .111-

collided wilh him. SilK'l;! ~,ll p ilots hin:e bt'en lns tn ,(,t<,lfl prc\iollsi} l!~taxi uff the rW1\I'tl)' ill C:ISI;t afCll~ given (1 wide h..,rl'b ill the utr, III nf I~ nal tire, tile Trouble Board a~- order III mU!,;B it easv {01' the pillll'S to II,IS JtPV> mi!Jpt~·u signed 1UO percent error to the pilot 110 lhi.~. LI,e "'1lmllt~lt;

for (.Jilluht:rli 'nee oJ orders,

the old P.ll\·Y

cllstom

of Ililving all loco I

rhortzcd division tactics Hight. As n re~1)11. r \\'HS in .1 JwlJ'Y. 111t" plane captulu W:lJ." srttnrg ill the plaue wiIh [he l'lJgill~ running, I signed the yellow ~lhl('l. 1')el!.ingtll;:tl lhe controls were \1.11llJukeu, I taxied nut wjtlu)lIt testing rhoru. With 'IiUle wiud 'blowlug, 1 had nu need fur the ajJerolls in lllxii4g nut! did not lise them, 1 mot my division un the milt uutl luok nlf itt II three .v!lllle scctton, "After Lclimhed tu 100 feet altitude, !lie k,wI'!" to],] 1Il~' tl l<it !;omeU,J i~Jg \V;lS "lIrJlug wil'h my aileron. T immediately checked my ailernn euntrol. My wing Wen I dO\i\1·! ::" lel my plane slnr~eJ fo~ing ahitude_ SRl"itlg thn1 I would b~ unable 10 eff!;!", ;j reeovery, 1 turnee] the gn.,~ Sl>[ ec J 1) r '1,1 i J. totlte v .n:ff' fl nsiUOl). l'1~ e

,,.

Airplane .Doctors
~'§. Before 3 doctor dO!>~' an incision ~f «U' 1I11 OpP.J"1! ti (I n, " uut,~.e aceeu n (;. 01' ~a<"h Instrument, domp, Slmng" nnd pil'n! o,~ 8'iU1!.C tQ 1110: ~1.,.renQ~lJlng i~ sew~d up

'.'iiI

Gr.n1!plTu'

PfuibQIJt

51l1'J:

tlal1g~r aI'cali plutterl 01') a large map, Th"" map is kC'l')[ up tv lli\l~ hy the UH\'i· gato.r and is hung ill (he rcadyrooTTi where pililis CIIU lab' <I gnull louk a] it huf!lle flitch £ligb l. • GWI/lP""
P-euib(HlC ay~:

in sid

l' !hO!:p.n it",l.

Orrninly

an

expensive
".fl.l!.<(!.

airIJIIlt!e.

Wltll.

t1\c I;ycil "f til"

crew a~ uak" , is

"nli~led II) die samechcd< be:f(l1:'1!'In 1""l'1'. haul is' buttoned. up. Remove aU plug. and m~skjng PIpe kon' IlP~1l line", b(!Jorerl':>co,IlP eCling rh ern, Be sur" all "ollocruuns at", peopeely

~ You don't &i"t,hc Purple Hearr ler geuing wounded 0113 friendly f,ring r;angel Firing nQuci"s 31'11. issued FQr yl)uI' proteedun, fI."lje\'~ ,vlHLr th~y 5ily-and don" "'ail '0 do so LUff;i somebody in the liqu~dron

~"rs hit.

wa Ied dlld tigbt, 5.." that al] cotter keys and 1J.'IJ",ry wit',,:;> 'Ire in place, Whl:,.n ),ou noh!. ~. j(Jh, m,d'lt!." rhol)""ug,h search "".I see thar you have"'l lcl'l Any tools, nUIll, holts. or tag. lyllIg ;;U'ouud, In U, I' fu·$!. pJ nel; n ever 111.<1 VOl' .. uc h .cl\U!gloC '1.I1d ul1c:t ... es de,
Db'n'f ever Iyillg around, Usc Ir~ys---as all s:ood mcchs c<ln1lide r an ove ..haul job

"'t Was lh;enToo

'I.

late'"

TI!~I·1{.~ ill Lh., grnnve "hull I was

iin'~hed unli! l"OIl can s.~}' "I'd I'''' II)' .th,l'[ plane rnyseU!"

br willing

Dang'er Areas
Au S11l) tJlll.l~,lIylllg ut 4,OUU feet about three Innes 1Ii1 the Atlanlic CO<lst, stu:ldenly ll~lrcl "<\ noise ~irt1:tt(jr to a

Iusp!'ctinll in the air hiled lo show ~mylhillg wro\'1~. L.lpon reh.ll'llitlg to h'~MO!, the pill'll' di~(,'(lvru'ecl <J jaggeu hole about three inches; IOllg a.nd all iuch Wid!:! in tn lending efl~1" of UI{' wlng. \\' hlJu tlH' ,l'1llg wali remuvOO. UIJ 1111explrodt:d SO mm. high csp10~i\"lil il!l.:llfJdiHl'}' p!'OJ('clile was ~otUid on lop flf tl1f1' aux:ilim1' gas: (auk. TlltJ Hose fuse of Lhe sl,dl h<id htltlfI she<lI'eJ [iff W}"'Tl il Ctlletlld lIlt' whig. H IVru; hf'lif"'~cl thai II ~~d()lIs a('rtldr;lnL \11:1;; pnwr;lntod ~lIllv beql'l~e the shell blld teaclwu''its rn..uJmum milS!.' ;Jl)d lI'a~ hl!lIhlilig "",hell It

luud da:l) of lhe huru.ls:·

1.:OUO yltrds down-wiuel ~1'Omthe field. with lhe ",ngiue turn I)n:_ the lelL will~ .Illlhnlo: 'HW fl'81, l!ir:.pcccl lOU kuol!>, um.lly buckled and Ih(~ Iusclage Pluted HCll'!}':i tlre l'llrll's story ul Wlml Inrp:II the ~"ft {.'ooKpit," p(,lll:'d: Th~ tn)uble? The woodeu bll1cks h;1(:1 "When 1 Hppli('d L1le II,mllle <IJlt~r lIot [wen removed [rum 1l.lrt ailemus. obtnlning Hl Inches 1.11nHluil't!!d presThe plane cnptain amJ the ]lill1t were 5Hr;~. it \1'.1;'111 the fill! l1:'l1glh !,II Ih~ held e~JIlll~rn$(lU! 1~1.1)1..OI" tbi!; ;l("ciI f (p.1 rau.l \\'jllJ nil tt'!:p'!lIlIi e I!'om tid the dtlliL; tilt' f nrrner fur I,egligeuce in turnmotor, LL seemed III 11:1(;[that J could ing .an ;'Iirplane over as ready for ilig;bl IlI.The a IIurmnl landing. but when I wiLli the llil""I'0I1!; IOCKetl. alld the ki.ttl"r e11'otU<.l(1 lllwk thfl engfne tHd fwt cut fllr nc·glw.JLiug (0 "hem!. his .lirIllmJ£' 'ria: nexl ~.lin~ tll.lt ontered my mind (1)arli~1l1f,~tly the 1'11r1jnr cmThTlls) prim 1\ ,loS l.L.,t 1 wlll-lld 1l~el'~110' II I h~ [l",ld OJ' In IHkt"·orT. I.!tl O\7f!r liB my back l'i'hen uyiug ttl Oisdp]inmy ttctioJ! WItS tl.lh·u!

plane hit the

gl'mlnd

H,nd

came

b)

rest

hrallO iI down. UrlL'l' IllluJitl~. WllUe tilillkillg tl!/N, I !nmked sHgJ,tly t<l Ihe right 10 dear tbe lido and to :::tltemp( .1 waleI' 1:l!Idiug. Theu T I'ealized I

Search. Pla;nes Collide

Ol1\1ng ~enrch for a dowl1Cld airplane, n :iectiol1 l>.( tJ~l'~ lorpedo phtnes sig:hteu Illl ,(1)il'l('t ill lilt!' WU!'CI ,njJ dropped 11

smoke' light.

While waitillg for tlie

Ihe rhlUes It,t dowll thl';' nl<!Iker. Tfw
SI1

l'n~~l, IJI'lJl tu arrhe, rilots(~1I1Cl'utrutcd ing till' (illloke lighl

hi SO!) leel [lTId cin:lcd

hit.
'11w' Trollhh· Blluru ft'jlfllt(;'(l t!rut tire accldt'.llt pro\,o;r[ to tLL(' piloLs of lhis sqlladron that i:il'ing notk,,~ must ba st~J[licd whll on 11w ~1'blinJ and dung>':l

Other .Airp,lanes

Watch fOr

He Didn't

intentlv on keepill Hi1:lhL. hOWI'yl:!l'. f 1t,lt 1!J ~, nf1glec\ f'd I n \\I~ltr,1I oul f,)t .. ea,:h other, Th !'f~t' 'llto]! werf" killt.l(l whell hVI:l of {he plarl6:S CQllidt'w. •
~~

Grml,p."J>
;l;:t, MO!i1:

p._'lIibOlIC'

.."',.~, vuln.er"blt>

An airpl.anl1' is terribly

in the

nllJi~io".Il ,ar~ fatal 'and th~ Qnly ~~fe,guQrd ;JjI your t,If;rtI<l} I';:gil..,'r~.

Schools Make Proper Use of Train"ng Film

IU~l1 the courses of study, is being stressed br schools to irnpreve aviation training. 1116 Nm'3.1 AJr TedHl'iI..::1J ·!'l'fI.ining Cormncnd was rule of tho flrst to J!ecagnlze ueed for utilizatiol1 and sUl?ervisioll of the AIm program. A~ a result, G:hns today are scheduled into the syllabi of C'O'llTSP.s, PI'csoT1red III au Interesting WI'IJI. by Instructors \\!tu kTlvw Cj!m use. The prognml i!l\'(~lv(lsreview nud se-

IUll'hlP:

ing

£lh ns, intcgttltin g the: IT1 d il'cGltly

presentation

and use of !:tam-

leotlou of appLicable- films and seheduljng in the course of study, Mally. old Hlms have been revised and new OlH!S produeed to 611 lh!illl~6ds uf IldJtlols. Coefereuee boards were set up to reoornmend methods of' makJug Lhe lnthl~ iJlg Slm program fit closely with needs. In places wh~re showlng £llms ill an :ludit~rium is iJ'lflPPI'OTlri.utc, ptoje-etion boxes, sueh as illustrated with ~hls article, m'e put right next ~I) the men at work. Instruelors ura lraiued in propeu use nf film to get the teltohing across.

ntlw(

SUds films

,tHo U~(;ld rIO oonjunetiun wrth lrni~lillj:t Ut'Vi(Jl'S LI' leav'h l~(!I'~lIiC111

charts, tuu(_'k.Ul}~ nud students ordnance dal:ll

Om eef

In~iYidual cJassr~nmlibrary Dr

who.) udds new rnlls fLud Likes

slide

Hlms is kept up
oUI

these

by
IlOW

Qbsol,ete
9

trairu'ul!

...

IEPA",,.-AW'-';O I:N' DRESS AND EQUI,i'MDlT

FOR THE 'fYI'"

'OF COUNTRY OilER WHIOtl

YQU MUST f1. Y, W"nltER

O\!W TROPICAL

5EASQR

A:Rcnc

WASTES

Knowledge heJps to overcome a variety of physical, biological hazards

knol.\ll~clge' 01' how to suuuouut !hem will f,ri ve yn 11 C 11nf d,t111 ce anrl d i.mi n ish YOII!' hardships. L('1>'$ u[ salt how 8~vllalil1g is n main l':t II;l>tl 01 IIt'll t stroke t\ll(l bIt; II esh uusHOIl. ~:llt b HIH "l.Vullhblc:, several swallows (II ocean water It t!I1Y will help I'"'place ih'l" salt lilst I))' S\\'t'lltirl,g IlIld '1,,,*111 not he IHl,nnhu Itt YOU i! vou 11r!llk

· toll of strandedhaz::ml:s take hiulQgicHl men P heavy nnel witter lwnil!lble.even when fOlJd A
In'SltAl. I\II([
. 'U

,tJ't'

rr

hody lUllllilel';ll~JT(\ high, Fur In',\tm(;lul, lie in the shade with head higher tbun tile rest tlr the Imdy; drink water with !>'alt ill n untl 1)Ulllll lwad all(f 11I1J) , In hr:mt I:lxbanstinnthe skin is clammy .unl tl!\" (Vil1pcffllure uonnul tlr beluw. Drink :>111t water, lie in the shade with head lnw amlciJ\'er up tu keep wurrn. While ltdjusling l\J Ifllvh:nl coud±titms
rtilltlitib' of \1'(ttt'r tlllt11:11t! mnmllil t'xl'rdsl' Villi IJI!('U In keep liL Lrmg f>l\PI1SIIlT til Mliit w~t('l' m"y re~1I1l iJI ~.llIl"S uud ~1\'dli11J, Fuls (\1' greases help til pnM!l!t Hillin. lmrnersion fill1t is caused hr 'l<onHnned in)-

mel'S ion

(II

II.lll I eet irJ cold wutcr

or by

continued hiking in wet cokl rontgilftr, Pain is fnlI\'lwC(l by swelling uml numbnesS autl often ~t)ras, Ahv;!ys keep your feet as dry as Dns,sible, DOIl't weur tight b!lOI~ Or 51)1;.'K5. Til treatment, fkm·! rtlb the feet or UPL1[Y heat direct!r, IJl extreme (!uld, \\'f'at 11 number of glUlllt'lits Ihal can he Ink"1l (JI~ urul
h{~Il,tjll~ uncl flhiHil'ig. swt.'nlillg is ess0ntitll: wilt dut:1ItJ,~ illf'r~'a"!i~ VIHU' cllan('.l~~!If rl',('ezillA'. F:rpl'zin~ of Face, rl!0t and h,.nch i!j uu 1'\'{'r-pl'~'~{'111 danger. D(1l1'L ruh Irozen 1',1rt$ \IT eXI)l)~e diem tu lieui I'\JP-

of fom1 unel

go easy

until you Uelenllillu

tJ1C kinrl

put on La regulate

or

C('lilhol

"f

dizziness, nnnseu [tnd hendllQ1H~.111\1 be,," t~ I~l1!!hed, skin lint and dry and 10

pll"ul)-' of olhr-r water, ')111151 fl ike is IISU:L11)'

' 11I,t\l:cdt-11 h~'

ifllv hll! ns('! i1ppmved

firsl aid method.

fiGHT MOSQUITOES, FLIES

BUSY DISfASE CARRIERS
not U)W;;IY, til . most apparent, ~ hllr qJlh('~Ifl;dl [nrrns (II !:ire t",~11 (·,\tl~t' ll1ltl',e I'eal tl is<.;uwfm'l WId diHl!(el' It!ll11 cold nr 11 searoitv o] fond and wafer, They !TIllY IJI''' 11'I:itu li JIg iu 1I'Itl:ms(;l1 lOS, ))Ill [J Il 'il' g,1 ('Hl~':>,l dllllgt'r lles h I till' I :II'! thaL lllrmJi'!h I heir 11i\('!!l III!!), lr,ulsmjl
Vtujl1!1~ w(,I1k:l"llilig

Ull, ~UIlt:IES 01 gl'eoatl'st dllllgtlt

,!rt'

\\ ide~[,Iofelld ln 1he Ul\Illii:S uua suhImllic.~. The 1llOSCJ.ulLoes wlLlcl.J tran~mi[ il ~l"klo!1l mngl~ LTIotG tl1 nn a 11\I m;ter <If ,I rulle 1rOlu the lillie pnol s where Lht'}I breed l ill uu cans, tree-holes and the liko) [lilt tbey nee l-'-spf'l'ilLlIy uhnndau], II!:'!ll' I ~llI'Uilll hal JiLatiol I~.
1'''i1l1lfiusis is It ruund-worm inrediull by mtISlluit!lf-s in d'lt! lTuJ_)jt:~ .l_lld ~H!!ll'l!L}1L's, nccns.(omdly utredcu pl'1J'tions of the btlrly develop abnormnl

r-rau~lItitt(ld

sw,t,H illg which may

I'p:\t'h

1111).(,· L~TUIwr-

find

fn?ljlwlllI)'

lueal d i~~'asc~. The gel) eJ":l1 lulorrna tinn I [ollows IS desi""tle{1 10 tell yon \\ ,11a~ to t'1lpccL fJ urn Llll'lIL bu\<\ \IJ ('\'1111ll1te- the daugcr nnd 110\\ Io lake

"hid

SURVIYAL HINTS-NO

13

l'ki; if
d~j
fllie
(Ill

.lht-I.h.;r.f~l!Ih

Land

';(!mllllli:ffl'

prltt'ltUlIlIllWtI)'

l!J('ilSIU'~,Sagllill~L [11\;111.

I\!IIIUl'in, fll) t'Xll!lIl,!e, iii LI'<lll!l'lIllllrd tu ruau lIy ,~(jHltl llt'Ctl:!S of ILueeleJ S AII\lphd,I's Illosl.:jllilncs .11Id noL h'~ :111}' lldll'f khtu ul rllrlsqlli"lO. II area whioh is rc". of t\ nupheles mUb'(juitol's ur 'm~ ~I!hidl Illny have SUI,I! m.)Stlllitucs h~ll whidl hus not been inbnhltc,d hv rnnn fur ~umll linll'" will Iw lr-e rnalaria.

hlg i)illi.s/r)IJ
!fl4Y

U, S.. "i'f.L~d I/lsriIIlNI6(JfJ/; ,ilsltllll by ,1 /f()11 'Train-

;lnJp5 ea ,
!if

/1'0/11

ill " serles of "rli· HQwto Survive

LbJ'tmgb p:rdillnr-j" Dl:tti,llg and are dlstransruttters ul suol: wJdely separated areas as Colombia und the Pel1lvi(t!1 Atlde.~. thtl Meciitt-'\lTallE'.:t)l, .ludfa, Ue}'lon antl Chinn. They tran.smit verruga, rmpputllo:i and hl11l-azal' fever. These llie.'! sddrHll' fIy 11ltH't" (JIlin leu Icet a!Jllve tb~ t~I'Il(llld unsl tltey clisliko J.ir {;J,J Fronts. Ts tse Jlills nrc hlllUd I.m!>' in !!("Iltra! !lml south lropien] AfriOiL \\IMJ/:) some l>1wde.-. 11'amsI1lit 11 ::;11.1~pjllg ~id.TJ~$' which may lie Falnl, the l?rllplwHo!1 III' -thu.~t' l'nFectcd is VIWV -S1"n all end so 11>
l.l<iS>

SlUld rue..~ are lilt)' nmth-Ilko tlles that bite tit Ilight. They can puss

,\,'av{J,/ fllstltll,tr>';

61' /!.IIr~h«,~e(1 from

C \to, [,u/h'Ntttal ,IMp/irS

,lmwj!l1-U,<, ,lld.-IUI,

~.,t/

Ihe chunce nl (.'{)Utrl~t1trng tJm thSe~1S"', All tsetse Hies !'equII'f' ~hltt!t, [Hid nsunlly

blte onl). during

the. U•. S,

SI.lI't'wli'l)nn Ilifs nrc: lrnuul in till): _\rner~('il!:;, espeoinlly th(;l tropics, and

ntt!

duy,

m'!> n-lll.~t likely tIl be 11 mdan b!

1!'mdnwI11

in the
HuilfliU

linus. There is lit prese: It nf llll' infecU(IIi.

110 (fife-clive

vicinit)'

III rmhuried
(lft~I-I'

(·UlTI.~t·SlInil

C<trt'llS-Mol.'i',

Tnke

f'\'t!ty

possible

nr

pre('uuHnu

ap;ilil,~1 mnlarin, I'he grcalesl danger is III regions wuh 1Mg~ nnlIve [lopuinl1nw; whtdl IIHIY Iw mf(llHed. Silll'!' utus'IUil Iii'S CJ:;I wlldil) bile tlll'oil p;11 HWII doth. keep your c:.l(1t1tlqg IOO~l' ~X(ll'pl 111 Wil~It.)S Will! ' .. rists, A nUJ~qIIH\J IUJI1l1 /1<"[ f" a 1JH]!>l Impnl'HIllt piecl~ 01 l\Im{;'n~e1lt:}
"![UiPII!<"\IL.
1\1'('

.... Black lIj't,.~UI IlHn IIlu gIlHI,~ may IT;.uISmil' fikwid worms fll1d lIre Iljlllld thrnHgJmllt (II(' world ill wet fmesttl(l
art'1IS. .... \'jJ_riOHS

hil1ug

dmlt

flilol~ wId

J10rl(('

/WI\'

he 1IIlI'l1el'(lIL~ ill I'l·gions l!tc;-c are bn,)fc:d antmals.

..

iHl;!:>

llI't· u1lrmu.1 unly

lu Ihr.: <by

HUt!

WIINIJ

Thev nre active cll11'irn~ tho ,rll>p(I,~·iL rlil;"il' ~ggi in wounds, D'1I1gor is gr-eatest when sleepill'f,( iJI u Jt' 'Open tiS 11 jf:: fIi~'s ,dso rl~p/)~il lill'ir eggs in the lltlsh"fl;;, OHIISllig severe pain !Iud sWf:'llinp:. Stnpefy the fflnggflts wi III ell! oro [nrru, tl ten ~'('nlllVe tll em wH.lL Im'cet';;-, \'Vller~ U_ll'!i.e (lies aru mnnemus.tlim't !llt'(lp JulinA the day rluv und
lnl
Ill"

,<;llU..'tl

YVIl'l'

thf_~ most' difficult pLlrt~~01 yDlIl' Lp pl.i Ihxi. t\ net ,I1Sil (11)1:',\ d II ~y 1lga.iIISt blut!k !lies IIflU Iltht·! lllJ<cd pests. lvln~re pellenls
:l1'l'

Iucc

Wild

nt'l'k UOU}'

I'J uito
.\ t

nlJoin very

useful.

vour lllllo;e- nr stllji(J1I Ilw)' Me' nva illlbl'; fl'Om lhe dlspCllSlllY fil Iho 11J(·dka.[ officer. TI~I' _\llllIJllt'il'S n.Lll:;q,uUo i~ idl'1I1Lrinhlt'
[lin t

1'\(Hlit!:'·IIn1S fir Jlllllkii::J; [H'P tillY lIit'~ IIII ! "'ll hi J !'l'~h IIlit! ~;lll \v:,lt'r Ht0~\S 11Ii·tHlgh, in I t lie world. 'rlwy 1"lvI' 1111 itdlit(~ bilu. S~lflU:' ~pccies I1t.'l~ OUI'J'y fi1;1 rid worms. It these gnats ai aabundltnl IlUlH' un; j h .. y S"lrlllm fJ~ [nor\>! lhwl hlllf II lIlil .. Ii'rllli Im.>(,dlHA .lrel1s.

uslne n net, Blowllfes with somewhat ~itflilur~hilhils IfIUY 1)(· lolfH_'fmnlel'ed in

p.ull: III

ho-

(1)<'11 wili'1!'n It (~l\reri1'l,(;

ynu n r,WI:':

East Indies. Bill l1y larvae 11<l1'(' into th .. skin, pl'Uclueing boll-like IC/iiIJHS. Al'piy VI/P,l lolmol'tJ 111 I'he {lrllli Irnil tn kin tho larvae lIud 1'f>ll1o\'c llwm h), s"llleeii',ill~,

Arnett.

I!ldiot,

l\l]s~rall'l ulld the

In

tilt' !net
IIU!y

tll!l~ it l'c~ls with

il~

(.n(l [lililltiu£!

npw<u'd

,IL

an il!l1!llt~.
1.'\

I is IIetiYe

hi JjJ V etll'ly

t! II III!-l

lind

:1t ni~lH-.!111~ it ('uHHn'flS In Hl'N~ calIse Ilf

il~ Iright'!f'f1dillY: uLurUc,-tt't'iJilk·s. it is lHh iSilhl~ il) mn!.nb regions 10 gol jl !'".unv rll.lde ~Hld Inosf[ u_i~(lIwfting jl)'I'Imgwl [wL!)!'(' dm"k. A hC'lltl or tl'lll Ul'( ILl alll'a} -s lIe ll~t"d rnl' Pl'lI1lltllilln llgAill~L '\lIl1plldcS" JIIosqlllllJl'S while eli le('p ill-g. •\ hm lISe [he ,lIlti-nl.t I:tdl1 drugs, IU' q;1Iill ill' "", (lil't-'t:h~d hr
Shfolll

or

is well to tukt> pn~

h~aH' ~hd(h.., HI:'-

IInLi il) 1nrgt'!) I·I-·gpnllsihle 1'1)1' 1:J'ltll,~mis..illn ~,J!' d~llgllt' . f"\I('I'_ Urdikf" llit, JfwJ.uill-c:m} iog ArliPplwl~~. till' oX, ,des hi IJ 'S ,Il ,IllY I il1lt:l ·11.[ d\l~ tJl' II ig_h I.
(>1'

'Tem r,,\

.\~lm~ Jlj"llic'lLl

lfffic'(·i'. tl'MI:'{mits

"'UJl;:~ mU5(juito

ydhClw

Y11\lf ~hn(s [1m{'ccl'

,,01.1 flgllil!~'l I'l'lI(I\~

I'

k'l CJ' wltit~h i~ IH!lS( ~'lln1l11111l i,n lilt' .arlll h!"uu, \Vl'~ 1\ 111_\:,;1 lind ill Pill b I-t;! Cenlnll 11net Soul h .1\ Jl1 (' !'i{·a. Df!l1 !,llll' [l'1:~1' i, h,Ill~11LitlLld lik ... ) t,nuw reI t'J', It is Wl'l1kl':lllllg bllt ~cldtlUl Il).la1. 11 i~

Sail wa,lEr: S'DrIlS

JU~II"'_\'l'l

rrn \f'.g~ nf lin Anln' ";1"1111111-, ('{ ~(.,. II wlm wi'~c 'lIHe .,ftl'r ~"Hm 1l:'1j''' 1111 n llte rlt[~. S(irt's .,ud, Its Ih,~e I1In}'

!,e'~'u.... 01'15<-'

{1 by

'I 0. S. ~nueh mls(ll'Y

FlEAS, LICE, liCKS .ANU CHIGGERS ARE PESTS

0",

blood in 10 to (iO ruiuules,

tl'iflllSblg (eVM, J)UI nu], rll.t!ll o;l!s("u"e. 111 r','l:.amining lI/f1tn'IWLf

nloy

nUl)·

Ir,an:>mit

.1 W!llnk~'l1i'llg

THAT .DElIGHT IN CHEWINGGROUNDEO AIRMEN. wirtgl0SS the 'urld, being musl .1lruml:mlll1 ternHn' B .... F O1-bluodt'U h~
LEAS are smull iUS'(.lets t'hrrt move nbout b) [umping !lnd
'>V'1II ,mil1ljlTs. DUlY
1'11O'fiP{$

,lit'

[Wille!

thnulj!;llflul

lpf tkks, l(lok p.lrlic.u.lcrly III hairy pIJl'iiOIiS d LIw legs find. body ar1d whore clotbing 1~
Ugllt. lJ'lII-t CI'lIsh uti,s vii LIIl' bouy aud he sure La gel tht\l head out or it may cause il1fecHon. A Hght-eu dg,\r~tte 1,)1' (IHltcl. he hl (11m:' I(l lite lid .. will euuse it· to Ioosr-n it~ r;:njl, h ernsene nrr ,lil bus the snrne ciFf'ct. Ro('ky MOll11t~IIO spCJt-tt'd lever Is f(lTlnd ;11 nI'~IlY ,U'{~~I-~ of the Ul,itsd

801n.,

peraLlol l'ugioIlS.· TIll'}'

!I!'!:

Imm'rl

winl}-

areas lhoir bites

transrnit extremely
SUe'll as

plague 1I[1~1 Uvu un Wld !1uy liave it cilllr;lcl.t('rililh.: disagreomden~s, particularly rub, can tl'o'uilmjt nble ndor. 'rImy wiiJ leave LeeMing plugue .llFlcr ru(ldltlg ULl plague-rnld ... 'J'1 .sprt:ud iu hl'igltl stwll"hl. rodents, Plague 11 frdal bnctertal disease. Ticks (11'0 dtsutburcd over mueh of is a 11t lfl' 1) e co ntrncN\ d 011 IY in r~Ip \JlTS tJ rJ!l world ,1Ild are uspecially 11 umon mS where t:[JiUlilllli(:s an: £nourishing_ lL pCt- ill lile I!'upk;s Illli! 8ubln..ll)k:s, Thu htll·~1 sists among muent prrpulalious iu varlwnun ~iaks are fouucl ell iaIty 111 wooded ~!lnI)f loolhety ""s t,mts. of the \\lor1<1 and at'<:II~iollnll y nr brushy [lre-a~;lhe Ikk-s ill caves, nrounil ~·Il('ky 1~(lges aml hreaks (Jill in ephlemies, 1£ yeo must rnnke use ot rodent!': ill nests and burrows of animals. Bolli L~ pel! In<J.Y I ransrn iI disease, lnil (UftIS food In plaguc>-sllspe-IJ( m'ea~, hlUlg 111' the uuirusls IlS ~1)Oll liS LlJ~y ,lTC' Iu.UIIL~ly lll~ rum.'t'luLlige(II tid;;s that killed rmrl tJo not handl(;l them unHI nre infeNen is in most Ilreol!> eXh':e:mely they get cold, F\e:llS soon lMvc d ead S:in~~LI. Uard tic'ks which msv !"ouse secIlTl!:t'l'lals. The liny c:Tlip.'O{;'l. jigget Or sand nea onda ry ulf eetien 01' b'i\~~mjt n~lckr II()UUI'S in Immense numbers in trcpieul lo.lrjlUlltfill spoUed ff:\'Cl' or tularemlu. and suhuO'[licnj countries, partict11nrly nre TI)!lsolll1.uly erusy to gunrd ngoi'n!'~ in clll~t near human hubltatmns, 111 In tf;'lflI1l.'rah: tB6fjon~ tllry.IJ'~ mIIllNOIl~ rem:clos hllrmw Irtln the skin IlsunHv .only it I In le ~prillg !lull 101111'[111('1' ,111.(1 ure on thelegs, Icet and ulldar the toe nL'lils \1'hl:'re 'the), p'roclm:1:! t>ruruui snres, j!II;' llea appc~u''S as II black speck llt1del' the S~ill and ma)' be fiug; Dill with a slerilfl'.t"u ll!::e~llf1 or kl jih,,_ PH.:t'll ulioll~
dml~WI.pmj (]ill('tlSes ~'l1(l"'[J1il' t yplurs,

less bugs wltl! Il11Ltenea bodies. Thl~Y fnrd U.L1 human hlnnd \\>;111'11: V!lilabk a

l?lrHs

(lull

St[lI'C..~. t. h'l~ hi~h u'IorlalH v r,~tc, lml I ~l

is

C'fll11p:lmlivl'Ily rnre, GJu.~eh- reruL~d tkk-bflnll" tH~Clrts(,~ m"<:Itr [nth" \ladHt ..r

ranean area. Brm~U nnd elsewhere. Tularemia, ~ bncteeicl clio-:ea50 01 rodents wh leh tmll he eonl r!leteri eill ier Irom inst'ct I,HeN \It' lhr<l!Jgb ('mutuel W l.th infeclcrl anfrnnls, ls pT@S{lnt in tbe
Foiled
pr

sin lrut is not common,

p.lm

Stull's, Europe,
Ilr eal l,'(ldellls
OJ

.Tnp~H1 !lm1

Rus-

Don't handle or

:tbly '.kk

l'i:urL WIlIt" IjoUce·

\V[IIJIl

sluggf~h

kl1lt'tl,

eye, Thev l":mse annnvunce i'ltld irriluli'of) t IlI'u~.gh 111111 hih~ ur lbn1l1.gjl the r

ITE.S

SOlO

and cb#!:gers ure so Liny I.hut iU almost il1v!i>tblelo the

np:ninst lleus iuelude WlC of d(?,rris m \llIlst' pl~wdt'r tlnd (in IlI'c:M n r sund [lea in (est,itiuu) wllIuirlg:. Ligl H-!it ling leg~nJ!:lIllr hoot. s, Ljt,!) ()r Cl1jIUI'S iU'C wiugless bugs tlml

di~P.Il-~"-" Ult'y lrunsinlt, They inL'lude 01a lrumnn jh;,h mite which cansos vnriVH.~ S1';11 rl i~PH~~':' ~\I(!h ns H{'uhI('>'i. N 01"Wt'}ti:tll Hoh and hilrlJl~{s itch: and the ],;It'\ e.'it miles or chigger,,! which cause il'rHHling S!lre>: and m:;t}' transmit jupnnP;'Wifi(' lslnnrls. Huumn itch mile1\" lllrt'~t the skin nnd 1i\'I~ beneath tho scabby eM rsts made by l~lC!ir iJ\Ul'Q\' ~It.l": uucl rt'Nl iug., TJ ley fire fM liclllarly \wc!<\'1J lent

ese rlver lever ·or Keanni renw in t'<.1rtnirl areas o] the Far ElISl, inclllding Sn\Jlb

live flntl feed on hirtls and mnrrrrnalv, 1'11(;:'1- infl"sl men lidn!!. Tl[)drr unsunimry: eruwdsd {'(ulclililillS. 'rou need uut worrv ~lbnut he('umin~ iJIFeSLcJ with lh.;lm ill fhe \filth. Th,~ir greatest danger !tes in 11'0 n srntsslon uf -SUell tli~ua~~'s as ~yphu~. trench FpV!1T 1UHl rd<1j1suJ g F.rvel', DoUI tim lice and their eggs, which mny he rl~~ositeJ on hilir or clolJ1jllg, mllst htl killNl. C~1IJt!'!il lll~:t..,nr~ [IIduue ~IS() of go:nel'nl-is!il1e 111Hse pt~Wdllr,
(>!(Imsnrt'

""'Z
o

~.
DIG!. 'IN1'CI SKIN

OJ'

CHU:;C!!;:I ((I,II£A'fLVENLAAGI!Dl

the wtJn!1s nwny frow dh~>ct ~11I111g'ht. SinI'Je it b,lkes so:<venJ how's ror [Host 11:1I'd lit-iks ttl hiLl', a nH.l'J'ouglt
('b~'('J,:

tuumJ in

m nreas wlmrt' pet1p\p Hvf' In r'f(\wcled uns.milurv l'U! 1fT rUI IT!~_ "Vu,~lojllp; i-" "!l'lmj! srlll.p. fj_,lIowed bv IIllpl'll'lll iqn ~lll phur ni II bue I Its, will
IlIi·ll1 f'lindimlO;' l'hi~t"I'S

or

l!Iih'~ UIIl] dlil:!;J!t'lS ahl"t

l·!I(pll.~qr""

(."I]OSlIn' h I l'IWrIl, I'll ]Iroh,{' l :l~a ills t

or

)'0[11'

fnr

nr

tl

rC~\

d.nl hi n!!; tlJ dl'l'fCt !fun Jiglll j'llllll'S, \\T1Shillg freqllll'nily.

or thrt'e times d a11ger llf (Jf~·eaM"i:llfN'iinll. SoiL li(,\l:~ hUe qukkly ~!HI fill wHit

l'mdy nil! 1. (,olnl:LJtlg Lwn a r;:l:T)' will eHl·riillHh' tIlt."

hdurt·

lhl~!

AliII'

~llltil

pIll-u' CII' l()ll~(" porl\'(l I' (Ill }'IIlIl' ~kin (Ulcl in~ia('ymlF d",thinl!:, plll1icnlm'ly ~u'ol1nd tIle ~lIklI"5, TIII·J,.ing I !'lll'l~prS i l1~i(llJ hn(llfs nr k).!;~!lg.>; :llso '1~ll. twe"f'il Itatiye ,

I I'tlJlI ('IIIIIII1UII rll(lsqui{1I t UuUnlll) WlllI11 II Jjlll~!lIlJI1I-1I0LiCl' lui] In uir Higll!') piluw I!'~f'( lTllhiln[tr., \11 LlI1~" ddllk h("wl

l'f1 Il

un

!llJd hlltct. II}. (huttom) sand 11y aud 111.IllI~mI,)ot 111,· iuk} !>hlb tu till'S dlsease-enrrytug p 'ts

AVOID SPIDERS, LEECHES,

SCORPIDNSAND flATWORMS

swunu umy btl dlUlgC.rOUS. the -h'OL)'it's n1ligl' helm small stingless bees to large militanl Dues \1 hicll shol11l1 b avnitlt.tJ l'\ .. \,llIm
\ l! ieties ill

.rroused

S
01

I'WWI~

tiaOj.!()J'lIUS. 1:\

IIlIldl

'~'Hl .lr\ nut PlIltiL·ul:trly Even the hila nl HIl' IIIhl>'rti!;I!(1 lltl~lIllu);1 is IlUL IUlill
UI g,l~l

lutlia, C ,ylol1 auJ the Philippines, L11il 'outh Pacific Islrutili. j tala)' Stutes. Australia .mel in various parts of S uth America, Bell ove tlrem by toucluug wilh II liglrtcd match, cigarette 0, wet lUUUCIJU. and protect ynursei f by W(j::U'~ illg trousers luck d msitle kml:d lwuu;.

ienous. The bluek widu« ot the suutheru 1J:1U 01 lIu l nil('d Slat"" l'lgl'tlt,~r ;\'ilh U'('(\1('al UlCIII bel'S of he surne 1'artlih. lIh"ldd 1)1-" 'IHlidl!(J. i'Iwir biles l'll1i,,~ ~l:n'I'( p,1 ill ;md s\\,pllll1g. All .U"it 01 II dark color marked wit] I whit.t:, ~dlll\\ III ied !oplders
[lllb

eu

B In sluggish [rush tL-r purls of trupicmJ Arncneu, Asia,

I,. (JJ)

Hukes,

I~r.Ilutwuuu»,
Wt

ale

111 \

S(,lorplulis ure usuull . mall, bUL SULIIP arl:! ;~s louu us l'igLl lnehe . Till"} 1.1hlg willi l!u~ lull "piru', usuully 01l1y wIlt!!!

tlu, VhillBPil.le5 and eth -'" p~\uLIl islands. I"I\I kCll l1el]etrute the sku I, Jj V e In the bloutl \'e:m:)s uud I;.l!iCHti· vu!MlIlly llimugb the bladder nr Ieces, Hookworm is common in thu tropics and ~ubtfOp1 '~. 1l j' Ul:qllipcl uy golug hW'cillUL ill lI'(!;I.'> wit re human t~ emrnenl is f(o)tluU. Tlltln-: is IIJJ dUJI:gt:r lrorn
Ill)vkw()1'I1l away Irom hLnHl'IH
S~EWWQRI\1 AT HOME AHD HAVING A ~1"E liME

Jtl~UIl,

luuud fricu,

pulnfu], Ullr st·kll III [tal. 'In'e Illl'} liid,' in cl.1Vlighl and uru al'tl\'(' ut ruglu, tiler rnny tnke mfng' hom Iighl ill shues ur <'Inillilig ill :1w, S \\ here lll·; life flil)lIJ, sll a ke out your ch)thhlg aud ~Tl0 k ~mll sliues bouorn IIp hl1[,u'e ]l'llliug lhern en, 13 'CS, wasps ~Ull hornets llli£lalJ. sting

ruolested.

I'heir

strngs are extremely

dwellings.

III L1e.'IptJl·lltc eed n

.iuts abo
11'Hl\'IJlg,
tHOIl

f flilod. 1m trupieal sUng sc erely :lI!U uttuck ill nurnhers, but tnt!} rum bit Ilv()iJ~d by Blu(Ju suduug lund lee Ires are com
in \\ .• ,
Ul"CdS.

IlfJl~ in sel I-d t'fe-I

I91"'.

'I h

stIngs

pf an

the r.Lin}' seusnu

pl!rli!!ulm'l},
il1 Bumeo,

umill!,!
'llirinl

ru

and use
IN T~E

Purusltie skill disea (,'5 (nthlere's loot is ()1Jt') are COUU)_IOU in lb w't')pics. The be l pr'CJl.: -ttou ugulwl thelll 1s lrequent , as hill g lUU,l ciHlI j gill g 01 clo lh ill g. and ht::lJfltmt hat:llfng \ jill pl ·uLy ()f SOIll). 1'0 lretll nn inleetiou, w8.511with, strong soup, SOAk the aifeub.:d part ill saJt water
lotPVrv'(JJ dlshJ[echtuls. NUT ISSUE: FINAL INSTALLMENT

(FROM

LEFT

TO

RIGttT)

S-IlORJ'ION

TIN&£R

1111 THE

EMI'OIr-rACI!;.

WIISI'-l)ITTO,

LICE-LOVE

COMI'AN't,

AND

DLII.CM WIDOW

SPIDER-BAD

ACTOR

13

aml_lhre !l 'ommiSsllJlled officers I who not many months ago may have been stu~:U;.."

AIR COMBAT CREWS ARE SPECIFICALLY TRAI,NED IN TEAMWORK AND OPERATION OF GIANT PBM'S hum wly .\fariner. Stud eut officl:ll's .orpus t:>r eusacola; lla: IIlisl-ed P EH.ur ~"J..lS'rEV
{1

.ind the iutenslve dueled

Cl'0W til

cigll~-wt'e\.. progr'11ll
C'CJJ,' ~tf

III truluiug begi\ls. The £rsL phase of their work is

iutLe

I'1i1ll

mock-lip

!'nun I

mh 'I'S am] pilots can ['Mllil illl'izc

IllCCh.1I1-

themselves with the mtrlcate

U1Jt~

men

hriliti from Yellow

Water

or

PlITceU

alrcrew within eight weeks at NAS Ba:nanll Bh er, How el~eve-n imdjvicluals wfth 1'31ying b,wkgmll:uds~ and from ~\'ldely s~litl,aer1 sections of the ~'(JU11lry. an: welded inln II wall-Iunetioning learn A It hough hnt h officers und enlisted men had prl'\ iuus a ialion exp rience, lh yare COn11>lctely new to the BBM
is the story

turned into

dents, clerks. fanners

11

well-ooordhrated combat

or barbers,

ani!

aerial guollery seuouls. Al the ~lJd of Lh' firsl two weeks,

enlisted men are divided into groups

WII ui' th lallgt' scaplfllIl', Thi" gfvt'~ rueia bel'S of he c r c\~ a'u 1I_p'PIIlIIIII it Y 111 gel acquainted with ':'H;} , other and tJlt~ foumluliull LUI gl nil le:ll'll\\'ol'k ill- lakl,

01

their twining.

of eight, with cue, whe is till uviatkli1 maehinis l 's i:nate, third cl >'lS,9 "I' bigh er, selected as plane captaln in e. oh group. The OWer seven are divided Ii full~)Wii: ecoud mechuuie, first rudioman, second radiomen, or lnaocemarr, and tJ ree 1\ rlul gunners, Jpnu arrival 01' the tl, ee pilnts, til rlllJ comhar airor W is formed

subjects covered ill gnHmd school are -bUHl hahits, nm igatillll. bombs nod homW!lg, soarel, !lUll patrol. turret malntauanc hndlinu: and launching, Flight:; ruud lnc!lIuP hUUlIl'P, nigll, [nnd iJ gil, 11>1 dgutiou. und gUlIIICI/? I uns.

D llies Im]J a day andd schvul the other 11<111 ar.

UIR Il"C

Ih

second

phase, Ow l'fe\'"
,!.!flo<lS gnl1lnd III

AmorT'

lilt'

Patrol bomber goes "over l1ll' sidl!l" IlIlu LLe waters uf the BOJlPIlU l'ti\'et flre:Pl).rutury tc, l:tk.,-"IT (Ill ttl! Instrument training tligh t. Similru 111',jblvws arl! ouceuulered ill ullw:J' lJarts ul' th" wcrltl
14

Combat airemwmen I."'fll fillc points uf n\!InipI1LltiJ,g II ,·n oollbtlt waisl gun mount lor tinHJ When jap planes )!;et WitJlili rauge, Abnily lei rlHlkc CI ('I)' shot !,.'OuM is UI'CJU ired thrOHgh pm (ice

Brakes Deserve Longer life

Che~k list Is Aimed at Abuses
Tu l't'dLJ~'e rnufulenuuce JIHi -ultios uutl ncddents tlt.le to wheel lind hnlh· l.dlure, Bu,A'r [>!jfUfS uu; IIlu! more ;Hh,:lltif)1l inust be paid lo proper use ol airplane landiug lmtk~. Repeated xcessiv .lpE'liL'<ltioIlS eaus , increased tempernturc Lll J:lJIgt't'fll.lS degrt'{'x, resulting ill l'Cl1lljJlctr breakdown of hruke slructnru, fuilure brake drum und wheel structure, hhmi!ll! !II tires .md lllhe!;. 111 e treme IIllStlS. ('011l1)ld ' wheel WIU lnuk I inst.dllti()lls In' de-trl)y~·tl Iw Ilrc. L:mdillg' gf!ur Lm.Lkc_s ~HIt intlo'nc!eu 101' we when ~tIJT'Jpillg OJ' maurpulnting airplaues WI t11t g.1·OIIU(l, Under nurmul eundl tirms. >rlt. is uu lit 'f!d hn pro-

lilly in speed Ihli' pbll' quid.!." Such abuses ~"'1U1l1d IHI dlsronlinucd, aud lilt' followillg arr- til II!' OhSt'I'\'L'd ill~!lJ:ar as ])nt(:licnbl . 11IXiillg, IlSlI
ill'

Iii

'Ill consist

b~Il~I.IS ILm) wlie

l;.

;ttt'

III !ut'Htl'U

iCOlldiUO!I.

tIU'I1'>, .uid stlill

5 Brakes should not hi' dm,!utl'd w1wII l,i,uillg. dilute 1I,\l:!ntiunlill or uadvert"'JliI,l. Per~d"TI(l1 111011 IL ';tP'" UllIl litl" 1h.l pressure is nut :Ipplil'd ",,111>11ol_lomting rllllli"I' pedals. 'yuipp 'u \ nil disu tYl:) bralo s, sn h brakes will uot be set und
o] uil'l'raJI

Tu prc\ tlut-

lhllllllgt'

dlUing

lumli.ug; obj e-

1~)('kt~J during I1r~L.

1, WHlliaudilig wllcdsft·UlUilliilj.!; Iu sJ il,>stream (~,\i!!ll(kd), S1 rlHcitlllt llTm: slll11 ild be ullowed til -lupse hdwc'1I iUlIllillJ.[., til lI'tlllil (.tll'llll Ltll Ihll f!lr '~"ll!ng II'tWl't't! hurd IIP[lIiC:;lltio"", flf tlu- plant"~ brukt,~. ii. Wtlh iumlll1g wheels rcuLwluu IIItn

1I(,l\vOW1I',

or

1 iunahle

vlnratiu):1

caused

by

rotution

()f huuJinj,t wheels Hot 511eu wOI)ec1 with di~c tYL1e brakes umy I Ie stopped by mom ntar}' upplication 01 brakes. 'Vlt eels on airplanes hal/lug r tractnhle Itm<.ling genl'
lL[C

longed

use lIf 1,1';;\-"& ((I control the 111111l\il when la..~g, H i~ g~IlI'·I lIy .. ~
drug hrukes while

tu

WlJlJ~. ~llmt)IClJll 1I1n\.' ~h(lu!1I Gu ul10 tllap..e beiweou hl1l~HlIgii. ttl ollew luI" cooliug LJctWI.!'jj bm], nppJl()ll.lio11~. 3. I"ull lid, 1I1tag '1ll1uW 1.)' Iltl\i'n (II' j,mgtl tlf runway d1lring Illuding Tl)II, iiI! dllll hrukes C(lll II, u:;u.i WI liltle uud ns IigJIIly ns pm.,ihl wlrvu ~tulJphlg ujrplJlu .

I\'h III lowed

nnnmdly

pre-

kno\V'!1 lhat personnel

-J. lla[kh1:1l; Itro'kf' shnulrl

lIlo!

he ~rt \Voile

\ en ted lrnm f~ihlting when gear is retraeted e-ltliel' hy uature 01' geat dl'S~'~ OJ' by speoin] snubbing devices- [f SIIUb-hillg devices arc fl)ltllrl tu filii '[illll improperly, repolr. should be mud!' asSOOll ("IS possfb] . Technical Note 49- 2 Nhnilitl ln- re:.d 1Iy uirerall personnel.

"_
ditiona[

25 Years ago this month,

hi I.d). HUH, phl~fortns 1)11 turrets of lIUhlittilJshiLJIJ for lnunehuig lnnd planes WNt! <'lnihori:z.;d, Plalwrm1i Instnlled t1[1 No~, ~ nurl 3 turrets (111 I'PllltsUIWlhia, ~Irl. Zlmtr, O"kiallullfu. evadll and Jihl7w. j1l;itfom"~ extended rlul tu tIle ~nll of 1110 gLIDS. Oanvlls hungnrs wore _J;Yfo\'id.ed, de. sih~ed 1:0 h jJortuhlt· oud (luickJr illsassembl d. This typ of lunnehing pnlwJ suecesslul, hut impm 1:1001. It lulerfer il with

ones

~t~_ht1l1g,

unbulnneed
(1.('

LLo g:illlS

stnlled lllJOflrd

Il'lflt!ring uhnut 20 minntes;

TCX'M

was not easily dlsnssernbled, phllI qn:hs a lrl:ll-tl>' were Infind tIll' MTM1Mi/111J .1" shown 11'1 111101n.
Ullil

JII/U 2fJ, 11m). NC-4 !light-official rupl!rl 1w Comdr. J- 'L Tuwers: ~I.t i~fIlOUU,14Il'11(icd Ulll.t all tLe personnel ,~f thl1 ;>II OJ \ lsion under niy COlli IJ1 II tid' be: given 11 Ieuar of commendation uud llmt Ll • JJlHJ., R. 1::. Byrd, QSN, to whom Is liirg_eJ)' due tlre oredlt of (1a" Qping and trying (iul the 1ll1WY new tI vices fur nttvi!<,!utit111purposes. whi 11 were of inestimable asslstau 'e 10 ~i1~COIUJlIUIlUil1g IlrnCIJf/l. be also gh'ell tI I it r of .ommenda-

rion fur his

C.'IlII'H(llltk'f

Turret

Ont

t,r

Towers was ill corumruu l lit the eulire xc [light, l!1l' lim." plnue« the Nc'-·I ,,\nllt ('lJU1(lletf'd IlS Hight,

hnr

111

Lilt' success r\f tIl

rrnnsatlnntie

fligllt:'

lS

-8M GUNNER LOST FO 12 DAYS

and Iouud lLey were Lorh out uf CUn1U1jxsiol1. He called his crew. "Pilot tll gunner. Whndll,,' .'i<ly we go in anywayP ake?" "0 ke, " \V..: made uur run tJ/.,I l1Je la.I'g~t aud dropped all the bombs. As we pulled ,away; 1 noticed the fabric uff the tail was !hippi.ug MUunU. The lip ofLhu right wing was gone- and the hydraulie llystell1 out. 1 haun't seen t\l1)' eck-sek breaking dQ!lle lo us WId I haUu'1 Jell any bomb blast or bomb lragments enter uut plane. I uou'l:, know w Iml hapflIM. VeIled.

O desvoused over tenant M, tcsLau I;ile

!'.

'I'll!:: IVA\,

to our lll.r.gel. WI: tell1s1aIHL Liell-

.x

pjslol, illght jaukul, nud :vluc Wll~l ~wlIl

overboard,
Lall;: ill

A ustraiia l'Itlk /11/;1 .flJf,>melJl.JJ

IImlill'M
"II.

win,g

gUI1~ (Ill

eur

lhe Ih'sllitly, kit. The 6 cans 1.11 water were the most valuable of tho conlents, ,<110 1 I'r~LiuL1t'1dul)ltldf ru OHI' can a day. The :ieve.ulll und eiglllil days 1 went withlllJr., bot it rained tim lnl1owJng e;veuiug nud 1 cJlug\.:ll 2. cans wale,' oil the back sent CIt the fit! r, }, few days i;lter a shower blew up. fueu a stonu. 1 ~alvilged 2J! cans LlnlL ume. As illve rsinn tro UI tb e food ruti ens,

J opeued the

tu~:.!lLeCtlQlJLl ot
fUUWU

lJ,.~! a/t'JI,·, tt: holou», then

11.1/1/.1' -'Ill.

c;PllIpll.'it' (J,(f dlflr;k YI!"r

or

1. '1'1,.. muhm.iI
i5-

.:~pjl<lJ of Au,trnli.a

[l 1I-1I1l,n.iJUrac
I 11~5l(11l,*,

LJ ,~,
I

0,11 w'iu

,.

I tre~ted

elghLL day. in the shade of the raft,

mrst:H

tQ tl.lllLill mllal on lht.: The turtle W:I'S £\<tinuuing.

So

d-Ql:lI\1'm".t

I g!r.lbbed, D
'1-1)1I~-llldf ,,~ 1,(lg(: <u>
~'1.1L11f' 1'112_"all trite

Lieutenunt fl.J.~ I .glaneed over ru)'shcwlder alld 's,rW R Zero b:mkinS", Lll the tight. He put a long burst io:ln UIi, The Lmtel went
Tepoltea

After 1

to

dead, TL~ res went dead, 1 looked do wn to see iJ (hI;! rmlio gun uer had been bit. He was dead, too. W6lo~t nhUude rapidly, uml r lnew
We WIlTe goiug to make a water

landing,

My fbu:c gun Illld flru'eJ; were..ull tJK., and 1 shot all the llares at pv's [lying pal1'ul. I saw lihe first one un the Lhird d,IY at about .2 (ll:iles away lit au altitude 01 /iOO to 1,000 feet. I saw another one the ncxl day, and on the. eighHl day 01 F' cnmc .rIgh~ over the t,HfL 1 saw e.iglll VeiltIUQ,~ln all. Imt three were Ollt of
lWi,te.
(IIlU

:;.kinat.'J. und ah;.: him, In fact.. I atp eveyyLLillg [JUt the- head, gt.Jts aud skin. 1\!(It barl, cither I

C l,-tw",e us lurge us tile

• (' the L ,/
II ne- lon'r/

-c~, S.

thl! U. S.. li. S

. ,5.

II

'I~

Il\r~1:l,1 tli~· ~

rJ 1J-le5l; tlnm
r-

lhlll 01

~ew York ell)

I,. ~d!l\Ul IJ'lIL Dr New York Strite

·c-Hh!)111 111111' }.lpUU or

I threw eut the escape lw:tch, The JefL willg clipped mto the wnter, ruld the pI ~lIle ~at Hed back. ] jump eel 011t on the \viug, gol 1he life ralt mil, uud Lila ~hjp

1 was .linnlly picked up by L1W11bn, none tuu wnrse forl'he wear. I hatl two llIu'lIpl'lei wounds, a liny IJlJe in Ill)

LJ
,-

11 -Ilhnul
liv<,-

flll.ll

n~ F.:Ut,(IUTUJ

'I. Mm'\

,,[ tb'!' people

of

Au~tralill

• I /1-.". !"H"I~

1>--01' ~Ij"'tll) 1 IIrd'e,

l .:Iu the t'itit:~ n ,/-11' 11,.1' 1\Ll11 , (tl'wlrv

~, It i~ highly
AwiLraJi.ms
r-

complillllm,""y Wb~ll call somuone, orIhn: hll:r.:tud·'

I'I-··blw,dx
I

Ii -'"'I~I.H.:l<Y ch(1p"

L t" ·,'hll .. " JJJI,klIlU" :::J d-"~ldJr.kcr'· went down. I didn't ha've tlme [0 go up l1:11d look ar Ldeutenant M .• but b~
'never made <laY auenrpt riglrr forearm
:1

Tlw fighte.rs were still clog-fighting overhead, so 11eft the l'tlft folded until the sky was clear IJf Ilghters, It must have been. J.O or J S minutes. 1 opened the t'.t.ft, pulleY the mtiM kit aboerd :lila started rowing away from bod, r rowed most of the flft.ernoun, am1 nLmut 1500 a strong wind emma up, 1 was trying to keep tbe slern of the raft :Into :raFt over _ I 11ad al l'l\lacJ)( U lit ted I he ratiO)l kit and. hy the grace (If God. II caught Iwuel' tho bl1~k seut of the ralt along with my parnehute 1~m11eiis. My

of the cuckpit.

,to C\i)rne cut

the waves when a big one Toilet! the

quarter in my dg]lt leg, Therewere two dry plwkels or sulfanIUmkle in lhu -first-aid packet and J used half a paekel pel' clny fOr four days. The arm wound had Sluppw bhteUing by tbe tIme J gUl into my raft. and my leg wound £tollllat1 bleed.Jngafter I washed it off with salt W;l~ef and IlIpplied sulfmlllimidE'~ There was u rlry bsndage in the kit which I used to hind up my leg wOUlltl. Tlw arm wOUDd became il1fected about the third dray. 1 Sf[llety/."J a ~lit'lt(lr ef iron cutand that was tlle last lime it hulll.ered me. Dwing my ,1.2 day~ at sea I lest 26 pounds, bu! ruLer btliug Im!;pitaLized fur a lew days, 1 WItS rePay to go' a:"OTUinl

and cue ubl.lUI the slee of

0. AUBl.'rnlla'~ c.1Immltic:, 11'1Worli:! War

W(;I'IlnboUI-

rl~"!Jnal lu lh!-l~C-uf tiH' U, S.

l iI-lwkc l-h(1sU
• J

nt

rl'll l.

S.

~·-on~-halT those
II ,-q:uIII III lhuse

or AlI,~lrf;l

01

France

7. When nn Aw.tl'aJilitii culls ~om('(Jn(! " "C,llli ns ScrCN SgLllllI'QI"" he

u~eun~i]-

U I! rutlltourmtre :::J I)~l:ar I> se HItT n n- cl'rllg ,rllce- ('~,wb••1' [J ,I'-pnuillmdl,·r

16

SB2e MAINTENANC
•

\TA1T ' 'Mli::MNUs-A select h(ldy of students is receiving speoinliaed in!;tnw~jvn hi how to maintuln the Naxy's·
11tUtUfl(JH

Technical Training Command

spurs HeUdiver 'line te.chnique
at. Navy school in Memphis

&IClmy

keep I:hen'lnbl'eltst

o'F latest

ill SH2C Line ,[I.·Jaintem!J)ce School recently s~l up here hy the pcnVIill P'L~'iJr;rs. In'DRI\'!JWC,s and Ol'EI\ANuvul Air Teehnical Training 'OnlTrON and two weeks to STRUCTURES. maud. The COU1"~e, stretching over An Trainees do the actual malntanauce or Iulenslve five: week§, is the Best or its propellers and controls, iuvohring rekind ill (he Nuvv and if; an ncldid!.lll to su uotors .turl IIfIVlll (JHl~'c.l'S c11t1~!')1(r.om Ihe! A..."\1N[ s(,:lio(11 stafl. AM1\f • .1.0),[ and ;\11M schools nlrendy i11 InO¥a1, eleenlng, embalming, sto\<\rffig-, I!pcrtltif:.llI nLlhf' Tt'l'hnr('n1 Traillil'l~ Tlidr work i~ V{~l'rlJrrlled in "l!l~s- irultRIll1tion, etc, Hydraulic covers landing gear~ \-ring fold, bomb bay doors, Center. '·IIOlnS und, simps, ,IIIU pnrtuhle shelters Sl1Jcler,h .U1! n.L\ 1.1.1\,lld Mlnil II! C~JJ'ps landing and driving flap&, tronble shootluJ\-e lW'-'11 ,·rcfl~,d tn make sure th(u iItg. Two thurollgiJ weeks Ilff'" devoted ollicl.'l'-" arul enlist ..d men hom U. S. [uul \\ (hl,[! 11'1' dtles IJI IL iIlh"rrtlpt progand British Fleets. 'flwy receive btest ress of work outdoors. 1ustn rotors Ireely In ,struch1rcs, and the final week covers und :!peediesl maintemmee tedlllilJlI!ls uperllUon from the plane captain); ern ploy cl]<Ltls nad Ir!lining' urds, and r m1.,1 CII.rtl.~:-;-\'Vrigbl f:I.C'lliry-lmined in- pP.FiIJllil' vildts to ,[11f' r:lirli~s"\i\rl i!Jill ~tnll(1pn!nl. and (l()mprdll'n!!ivc review.

techniques and changes. In live weeks LIm Tfell.lliver 15 broken dOWTl and studied, uul by nut, bolt by hull, a week apiecl:f being allotted [0

the plane,

Trai IIi ng

ill

Iinc rllai ntenauce covers all th e

tnrlents

$.M:u l,h1TUJ aspects 0 f abo\'ll adiu!rl: wing slats., UTle of many jobs

Inslallalion of tail wheal and ilt:resting gear !lSsemhly cernes under Structu.Te5; Ilydraullcs, Power~IA.llt5. Op~tioD aha are studied
17

o
M
his
\XIX(:\

APS

ACJ library gives pilots information onfoe; maps help keep up with war
PILOT II romhu! I,iln/' so tll:~l lit· fllic~ illJ InllHlliclillv til III 'an <;'jwud Iii, lim' H'in$t to lllli-thilik the enemv. is fI ,qDul 1'(11' opcrnttnnal lr:liuiug. 13l&W(' lie eun gel on wilh ~lul-:lllhU'Ullg'

i,)k

11OWI>Vtll'.

lit' must

know ruore- 11 Inn lilt' euarny .do' '~afld Iher tJw uir comb.it Inloruurtim: uffict,t enters the picture, A success! 1I1 l'OIl/liM 111101 rnnxl l..!lII\V 11111 only InOI'(' 01 Jll' gtlll 'I'a] tcehnujue of llyiug, but .1 lso must ~xl:(+1 ill his OWl! ludic:" know tile enemy's lavurih'
hp compnmtive annuroent hUlll plUII~, fll renerul, he must kill)\\, more 111i11111 the Jap than th jap Imows about 'tim. III cooperatiou with !dck1; unrl
(jf

~rmllltl
I

tnilTilng

:md 'Ugh I lnstrueturs,

I"'J

PI'V\

ides students
out-thin],

with

'vel')'

P()S'

.sJ1Jlc facility

\\ ill llt!lp llrem

for lenruing

thingl:
('IIPm

lhul pilots.

Til uut.smart tJu, "lInll I} , .1 11ilnt lilliS' kllllW ITI(!~~' alxnu (hI' uhilil il'.l, ~nIIl1111t!U! IHid Hying' llertllr.nmIlCO: el iii' 1,la11 and thUI of his ioc; .~tJI uificers pu t such da til III his drspDSti I 18

ACI library

hus Ill) bookish ntmosphare, bu I I],IS .gBClgrI111W~"l~uerouuutienl infonnatlon

IV4Id I", -st "wllnl"

Maps 01 battle areas,

bulletin hoard and r (l(lYllititlD nlalerj,\J udlJrll wall of ,lit '\11111 I illfUflHU\JUIl Filmll III ".\" .l'dl Fiek], whlle PUf'u, in NA l!.-W und OUII'I' it'latlllH l1ublkatious; Hight hoard 011 "'n11I«" 'ps meu ll"Sk til <1,1\ 's ,'\ 6111s In lIoe J>llundmn

the the tl('C'CSS to a wkk: \'<lliietv of uJu~silll'.d r "p(l(t,~ rurd po b\ir:;IIiCl!;" n r the II vy. t\ S ,~,,1)1l as he: urrives. he ill inb'od uced to Acr facilitIes via u speL'jully prepur >d PIUilplll·t lellill.g 1,im lltt' d1ll'C'1 1I~'t-I be Ween 11 pilot tilld II g;uud corubut pilot. It stresses tho 0(1-

A student

""l'lCAL \ I lihrary, such us ,llw III "l,\ \!I Cet'i1 Fi,eje] giVf'lS

"!IlIUm- of IIIis renclilll:: is 1101 klrgu urnl elm be read in <I few mmu t'S between

qulred

.I.'(:mdillg

101' ~U tud

'11 "

TIll'

!lighls, un [.1illy d ilyS aiul 111 oilier mld munu, II!~ Prt~Sl:'llt;ttioll III rual erial is uiadc Sf) us to make i <IS attrnctive

,~ lw~~jhll:l.

l'w;s1ly for ;.tll navul UlfiL'l'r.; 'vllitinjliug, Ihrllug110lll their ti~lt· ers, thetr aH'orts lor self-cducution. It also lolls til 'pilot nhnul Iacilllles Rt ecil that /In' I'UI' his lise. clilring hls spare time when lie

rul

topics of sl1edcll inter 's.L. The L\Cf ullice qlso (Iolltnins tt ·'pH lit situ,llion 111111 n

£1. catalegued so pilots

A t..L

HIE

l\U'I'ElUAJ..

in lh
'UIl

jjbrul'Y is

pkk

0111

AD 11'10, to library acrivittes, _\('l IlUh'er gi ;.L series 0(: lectures tv ''''iwil Highl o{JJilols and gunners, These "'f/wr such topics as "Slu,,;v<ll Intellig '/lce, .. "Milititl'Y Ceograplty of the Atlantic, n;lIt(lJ1(~n and Asitltic At as," "Bri fuJg rllld Interrogallnn 01' Pilots uud .\ir,cl'c\\ttl 'fl," " trategy in the P!!ciu('," "Ounduot If Caillur d," "The japanese P 'Qpl - .urd "Al..lti- lbmarinlt

1-:

theaters oI War, togerher wilh u

'\\'S

isu't !lyhL r bj· SIJIl urnund llie {,!lIlt1h"y' "ilk" A eurcfullv selected ussortment 111 material, Sllt~; as IhM dt'alif'lS with I'<l(" ~ks and plane p 'I' nrmance. Ita' h(~"'H
pu t
11 P

in speci

fl,l!,lllrs

.mu

is

1".

clippings posted UD appropriate c'ilOrts. ~C') tl111.1 [11 H1 minutes' ~jr~e (I vlsiter ean cHlcl1 lip willi curreut Ulllllm-y dtllugs anywhere in t!j wflIld, '\ !q)l.lcitll ('h:u,t lit lite P(wi1i(> 1ll' u is' muiutuiued, Willi blue uud red pins ilJllivlllillg ruujor strutegit' Illililllf) instdJblilllls of III enemy,

\\'llrfa:rE':' AU are subjects which any Na nilot will 8m] e. trernel vuluuhl« x som i1:I. wh 'lJ lie goes IlP aguinsr th rN[1 article. b::nrtwled?:<l heforehuurl, Ilowf'\'t'r, hl~' S,ll't;d rilll1l)' lives,
ACl

bas two geuls: ,(o'jrst,to rnnkn the

sl'mll.:)lls wnnt to learn to 'be good I'lm1but pilots and, .~'I!CI)IIJ. to PfO\ id(, lllNn wit h ::IIJ uecessarv rueaus. wrapped up
ill

lhe mosL

Util':ldlV!'

p\ck;..g

p ssible.

tI ___ large,slzed maps

with the warS

of the world lwlp mnhrY'l ,'(Illlhal I?llpl:... kUC1i \11' trands, lihmr\' PTQt'iJ~~ I (JIUlJl.1l'V I!'Jlll''1tiO'' cial'a

Atl nDrary
provided

lilust !>rj,'ellL<;~(I lllers flld:. "', Ihl:: ne,lny ....hid. a:re nrtt U, regular d[)8~UU1l15; tuet les ore f'X]1lmnr-d m IpohlTCS

19

J
fi:ruoCIII'J'S OF

~U"'CliS5I'lJJ..

()rttiRU'i:Gl'<

generaliu

8hortcClmlng" wl.lith all ~'Iutllvc)r" vow will netmr liappOf{> again. 'l'/,{s 18 (lU c-xpan#ce: WOII' 10 prepM'8 d«cIJ. rteEMl

ing 'Pwr;edure. and villo tire lIot around

tll(},Wi!

l~ itl IJrllIJ/:dUrt., In i'flesl1 wuy frolll i(Jlti~tmlng

/iii rio ~\'I{I
(I) Q

willi

coil,l to IIghtsI1 II/iii'... ru ~'''l1uJlugt'IC Illghf {II (I' tlf C' mit •
U tl d ed
(/fjtllpnlPIL

~n

who do 1101 8urbf'J!ejit. Varltltion:<i 'I/S88, I'Ill! till 'Orl:l

know1rl,g first-Ill(/. kit I~, pilrt uf

p(:r ,~!)rmelJ nl)'!

tim." h", Wll~ trying til :;!rl'lcll his gUJ e beyond the range W shnra batteries, CO-PILOT hI! d uen 1.1\ I:It;lti a res cue I a:cilil:y !l. ncl ga .... a rH nni 10 Sl't of e ~ [Jo~llinTl5, zect:lvillg a garbled nckllOwll:t1pn1!111. t-leuntime, P:laC)'UI{;RAPi'fE:B lIad "flplJed tI. .l/)lJrmI~ 'll!& to Vl41Cii"'r J;;NG.lNEEll:"s leg. whiel, wa~ bleeding profusely, S)nl1e the intcrphune bad b"el.1 !:.lluck..::d uut and nv ditt:!lung hill wns u "u.iJriulel ll.e c.rc IV. lei t to Its o-wn rl'$u UI re es, dill S1lrpr[aillglr well, Stl!thlll~ am ~lll\\lTllle!",w,

Ill)t swim, W,\5 dlse\lvocOlll ao 10 40 feet a h ell.d of the plane. with a ILfe jacket whlt!h w(,iuW not infitile,. HI! was rescued
<,;lJI1IJ

III

~.

C(H'l1..0T'

,111l'd

.lI0l'oID,umlI1.R-NAVIG'\'T(IH.

nn 5SlOll, e.xrro. 11ft'W members, but no rlro\isinn ["01 additional dttchrn g statlons or escape exit!;.
Wt/f(l

was II TH'''' J\nlCtI.hFluialssnnee, I'lll: tim Ilt.lulfllll,,·t)J Thero

LANDING SUg1lt Wlp"t)' as tail t.iraggro, fuIloweU by sudden and violent Iulpa<.:1 ebont 100
feel bCYQJU.l. Uo- .. n~YrJ de,.\itll!.!! ((I rel ease life mit lL' expeditiously as possi ble, pushed lus sell! baek k' shorten hi,~ rcilch ItS suou ..., III L' 111\1 Mt \,I,;,tl?r On ~e",'011Jimpact, he nnd LlIl' !;~l Wore 11l'oj"otl:d l'orwurd, .."cJg:llJ~

'fhey screwed clown the (ltlp of tlie carLTw.ge t:(\lIlalnt::r, ,illlJ Hie jacket Inflated, Wlrile lhi/i was goin.g on. OI"..!':W were being peppered by shore batrerles. The I:wo wounded men were put aboard taft. BO,"IIIIA RUlli!! J1llIDrlOd tlle paddles, C ....lItEJ,V.M~N went tdl~:ld WI,vi-qg' (Il1d gl.liding the purty, while U\t! ~emuillder Slitl,I)U u;~pushcrs. The CUIilW wen: Ji!lapI11.limcd in makJllg

SEQUENCE
Auc f\11[ [,)0t.:: <Ill frO!]1, a n udv aace comhut fielJ lu .I.lhCltugraph twu objtc.:LiV~. )\'ir~t objecti\ 0; Wtl:; phQtQgtilplied without JlldJe-J!l. Second objeeuve bore out repurt" n \YIlS ~trougt)' J.eCelideil;upon nrewill,. aiTcraft got ... heavy burst -alongside, Llowillg fl.!!' ,I Irer t,lSlJflLJe hatch, olle.I'liug a illt'gll' hole In lhe dn~k. wuuuding I<'l.lGIIT
ENorr."W..R SIIU RE;.UI!;;I:mNEIl_

of un outbourd

S5 1l11uutl:lo bef()~t" Dumbo arrll ed. ActllaHy. IULle moreeculd be :!lXpl'.(lted

oulv

It

!flUe through the swells mowrl

III Olll

hi~ Iuot

bul'lI'~1

PH,QT, CO-I>ILIU

110l\JllAlilllam

ub.Hlfkmed

u nd l~JIlt1'1I1 ('0.1\11111\1, and RADIO OJ'"I;]M.T{)il sbjp. yin rurw!nd escape hutch. sell

The Cl\1·:W were At-st SIlIJtt{·d bya 1-'IIJ formation returning from a .stelke, and ~hurlhr t1ur~ner by [I t'V. SLghlbtg ulrrJwft were ~(J !!U1pil\ltic in their Tl(llifiCHliOTi Ilf sIghting IJJI'> Il.lliI>W that U1Wir i<'lllm~ IJr4"'i<1l'tl ,1\>J'lially e1i'eetl'l't' -,lputtL..g fnr tlll" shore butteries, Hut the lleepower of H If!

WII,S hi ~!1 <l.g0miting

lIo~tt:tI}I.l,

the port propeller. 11~ dlscLi'Vfl!'ed his 1Il~ lake and ,CdrreetOlll by use ofl'lldtler Mil trim tli.bs, th,.'U fe ..thered starboard prop,

LLe lower hjll( ilf s ta r hOllhillhgi IIt.' slro L 11W.I'i ' LPI!~ of aileron. control caused !'lie plane to start a Ligl1L tum In )pit and PILQT. thinkh1g It W!lS. pud .eugine gtlp!l, srarred t"eulneting
J\ll"f<lU

COl I trel Will> lost, uilli

I'w.l,fI(lllted himself belore the cockpit hRd COlllpllltdy fillutl wlth lV1l.lt)r. Jlt;AilGIJI'IN"~.'J1 (wounded) aud Al'o1..l~'!A;\' PO escape via rear
[~tgp
IlXlI:.

hIlt

srunrTIw pluues

\Va~

II

renl

c~)ns(Jlallull.

RECOMMENDATIONS
l'lLoT-I'l!me I'lirclillg snrvivors near .memy tElrrj~IJT)' SIIQl.dd mnke wide eirelcs o.. d not ·buzz. raft, as this te., eals ex.a,tlt n jJ0s.ition to enemy ~hore batteries, CO-.I'LLO'J'-Beft)l'''' the shock of cr.U;I, land ing, check til rna ks sure you .are £re.: ;111 out nf Ih e plI t:h ol. :1Uy eqllirull rlnl d t1Ull might pin )IOU dowu, Llf II nlfts should be inflated. unee :l week la pt(l\<lllll deteriomtiOll of fa'brfc cover (001I1Il1eHI; Not in accl;lrd&IICIl ",-ill I existing 11UJ'\~.r in st:nJctf on s 0)1 $iJ bjeo L Lack of Ml(:Ubll devices fur completely eiI~<)IlStiug the uir DIU_I! esult ill iU!:Jll.tiOll r it! fiJgllt. A vialilJJ'! l.'I]u.lpme-IJt {.uncee sfwul~ have equipment ready for lmmediute use.)
AI,L

[l'u[(l~rr

F.NGiN£ER,

not

O1'iJy

II.

ITIIlUbll!

WOI!uJ.'d

!I~

successful estt via the "rn<11Isidl~ window,

well,

1I,IUdl' ,I

rN THE WATER
WIl!! discovered thal life ralt harl been, released, WIIS bll.ck by the taU, i.I.\tJiltlng wan Inverted position. l'rr.o'l' dived :into the Willer and, with the help uf CREW Ml"J<lllf!.~, rIglltfid the rnfl an d checked its too deuey to ov et111iltl t e,

,~Icallwllilf:'. "!LO'!: had discovered that hib plane W(IS sTlloklng ~d ll'lllliQg oil nnd Ws flllnru]IJfl!l: engine overspceding. To stnp ovetsp~dll_lg, he had to "educe nlallif(l·Jd I1r~SUlre to a p!linI wh(!l'e he was It)llillg :lOU reef per rmnu teo At the same

Uplm exit, it

In

tile

J11('IUitime,

RADIO QPEfuI.'1'OR,

who

crullw-Hes;:llnbu.g

at .t"U:lil 1--0 admIt

snortcoming5, they dec.iI.led, in lIm i11lere.~ of ~11: in g: other crew,s. l rJ In ake )1 t '> derw orelJ,.t lind uunfess rn.mlticiellt lrnowlt'dge <Jhd 1'1':I~U('1lll tHt.ching Pl"ocudurtl, i II tll i.~c; l..'iI~, d r-liiciolll.:l' "'<I '!.I51·,1hi in i1lrips [ or fnl'lllHips. I,ul l·W.IT f'>HI l hill (I itdll\1g ('ull1d h,u'c bCll.'!l efr,'cted Illore i'1l["lhHy. and thllir r.bn.TI('c to ~b\[I" heltflTcd. if eJJ.cb man h1'!cl b~Wl ilssigned .iJ. definite reo~Il('II~lhillly ~j lid fHXlUed\lre. liO i:hnl every-

ihelr

ing anything ilndNle. The.y rilOllnmfllrld thnt crews [rer,j.uent.!y talk about climbing Mno,IJg them~Cllve8. so thaI: QIl members are .al·all liml'l~ familiar Wit11 eve!), dlltili:l.

I'hi Illil would lin v Uf'!l;l( aCllolllpll)iilp.d n.uroInlltlt.'illr. t}n;!cimll.ug ptJSSlbilfty of leav-

20

II

Proper Identification Helps Cut Down Toll of Lives Lost Through. Our Ships Shooting Own Planes

of too many of our men have been lost in this war 10 OUI own guns because of lack of appreciation of the impcr anee 01 identiJicaiioll. Our own vessels have been attacked, and aircralt and small surface craft lost because of a breakdown in recognition and Identification, Navy and Army emphasis on recoqnitlon has cut the loll of our own men and material, iaken by our own guns, tremendously. But recognltion can't do the whole job, Particularly when it comes to ilirplanes. They fly 100 fast, and the danger of letting a hostile plane slip in on a ship or shore position 1:5100 great, for the men
HE LIVES

who man the guns depend on

rec:ogni1ion

alone.

What's more

important to you as a flier. the chances of your gelling shot down by "friendly" guns are far too gTea.t for you to want to depend on the other fellow's recognizing you, It's up to the plane to identify TIself. 11it's friendly, it must act lrienc1Jy. That's the logical way of doing it anyway, now isn't it?

Good Pilots Sometimes Neglect Safely Rules

GEORGE
Let
UlI:

FORGETS

TRAINING Spoivm

cOllBider the case 01 Lieutenant

Gewge Spelvin. naval. aviator.

was perfectly normal dunng most 01 hi~ c:a.reer ill the N...... a.n.d did tlle things y, you would exPEl!:!!a norrnal Jllan 10' do. When he p"s~ed the Marine qurud al Ihe naval ~ lll;jtlcns whare h" trained. he always showed his idenillication card 10 t.he !lll'nlTy. <lve!,l thouqh the SOIltry had seen hun do~ens of times and they knew each other by sight. He knew the Marine gu;ud was obligated to fill him full of holes U he :reiused to jdenlJJy llill1llelf. even lhol19'h the qua1Ci

f.ll other words, when Georg'9 had to be ai,tre people knew him, he hoped rot' reeogl'lillon, but he depended on idelJ!liikalion. He made himse/l known. BDt wbello Ge01ge 901 in Ihe Fleet,
good on H,,,,,gru110'1'1. He knew iI lJ:i.mdly haltlc~hip, carrier, crutser or deatroyer ",lien hE! saw one. and he was close 1.0 4.0 in Ilash q\llUes on pla.nes. He wru; SO gocd on recoijjuHlon that he e.>:pec;ted ,",vEl"Yane else to ue lJOod. One day while on patrol. George si<;)hl<:ld. the U.S.s, Opossum. lie had peen brieJed that 01", Opo~jffim would be in the ares. He Tetognized her at once. and he CO[QpletelJfOlgol about idonlifkcltion and brer..-z.,d hli1h.e1l' in to buzz the' deek. "GOOtge was " gteat .guy," they say about hlfl'l oaek home. 'Yes, GllOr'.l" Wli.S!
G",Ot9e' W<llI pretty hoW'

all

chilllged!

recogmzed him. U it v..as lale at nIght when

George

qcl home Ql'I week-etu:l leave. he always Identified llimoo!1 to hIs WilD by III whistle code. even !hough he was SUtI! she could l\tt'ognire hfu jootstepa en the SlaiT. George's wife kept II pis> 10'\ in the ap~lment lor preteetlen, 'and Georqe figurod his idemlJlcilthm -SIgnal might be. extremely he1plbl in case her recognition was bully. Most of the people In the bank whe~e 4e014,le leapt hili melle'\, rec:oqnir.ed

HOW

TO GET

A PROMOTION

Then rak~ the caee of Lioulemml John Erewhon.. George's Iriand, John w"sn't so good OD. recognition. And he didn't belIeve in lakJJlg chanees, "it's up to a friendly plane or ship to make me kn:o\v ii's friendly," was bu
genll'I.Il "llHudo,

n was bad enough when he shot up the ..sy after its crew had fued a pis!"l with the proper combination 0'. colored stars, in order to Te& rum know it was Wancl1y. John !laId ~e lhOl.lqbl thePllY Wi'S one 01 lhcae the laps had. ca.pture-d, and thai II was actin,] i.1nhrendly becau~ .. It 901 dawn 0101111 to the waler! Forlunateqr. hI! quit shoo.tinq before. he b~d donee much damage. But whM John dropped a bcmb uncnmlortahly closetc a rescue submarine ill il totally restricted area-well, lhal Wall leo muctt, The Cllptain jus, CJlared when fohn explained hili thought tile sub was an enemy de.slToyer. "Your briefing told you there was a ml.al bomb1ng re.st.riction l!~ne, and wae:rOl it was:' the Captain said. "Good 1'I""lgailon $haul! have ~Qld YOI.I-yen wer .. in the festt1c\od ZOM. Reco9njlioll would have kepI you Irom ma,king the mistake. anyway. The sub evan c:b.allenged you in plenty time. bUI you

dldn'l know the cha-l1anq.. leuer and we re 100 excited to noaco. Horse sl:!n~e
should haV'e 1014 you something was wrong wbeu the other plancs in your sqnadron didn't go i-n on !he :!Ihlp you tried to bomb." E1ewholl is now the assislant fullt Jiallten~nl at N-f,SJaclnabbl1 in the 11. S.

him;

QuI he

alway"

carried

his idenUfi.

WiUch.

mi',ihl

.have

elltion PilSS book, j~t lell",r happened to be

in ease a new OIl duty iliat dill'.

b&<m all Tlg-hl if Tohn had only known the correct !denU.ficalion sIgnals l1im!1el1.

~():.a...,--.c::n:n~~..)ll·· here "',P;\thi Yf'II1" OWl:'! ~H~rts "~l ~, IllldDo:U. I i r..... tlfol j'ttl~ntlH trL"11 law m"J.:i"' G~4ia th.o.1tIt end! drl

"J

=r

fro:. te-~."'lTla
"fl,.

J:lt!..!t"Ifi':!

tOfHt'" ~

h ~,rc>L ttL...! iI:I!..Jt 0

-t~ cn Uti

~t'ru It:t.{~
'C.b you

11:

....

,..rma.qil1o YOUfseU on the deck of a P't boat. a merchant ship, or it warship at sea, NClw stert Ihlnklng abOllt ailPlanes. with these- rules in mInd: 1. United States warships in the l'aoific area are authorized to open up 00 any airplane which comes within 12,000 yard$ (about G miles) unlsss the airplane is PQsif{vely recognilled as friendly. Z. Bribsh warships at sea an1' place are tree 10 open fu:~ on all aircraft no! recognized as friendly which enter the following zones: 12,000 yards lor cruisera and above: 5,000 yards tor vessels below cruisers, except Ior Il:tinor war vessels: 1.500 yards for minor war vessci;s lind other shipll.

3. Merchant ships sa.iling independently. and fishing vessels 8t sea, may OplUl up on any plane not recogru'zed. as friendly approaChing: within 4,000 yaws, and in ~rlain aones WIthin 1,500 yartls. There are some exceptions for zones in which enemy ships iUO'I not likely 10 enter. Tn Ihese zones merchant ships may be approached clos",ly for joantiHcaJioQ, but never directly. Always approach by ciIcllng to close dlstzrnce, 4.. Submarines identify themsa1ves to approach111<:1planes. except in sanctuary zones and :lOnes 01 bombing reetrtcnon. PilatII' Me expected 10 know where Ilwse saactuary zones ere localed.

RULES

REASONS FOR RULES

"'Ships must 00 "qUick on 'the trigg-et" because: 1. 'Even the Iastest 'PT boal is much slcwer and Iess maneuverable than an airplane. Gun crews on ~:ny ship h~\>e only a lew aeconda to decide wbe.!he.r a plane is hiendl:y or not. MilliOl1$ ot dollars' worth 01 ship and thousands of livea may be involved. as compared. to Ilu! small crews and small lnlrestment in an airplane. The sb1p Clm', on the ltigqer. They don't assume a plane is

friendly because they don't know. 3. An aiIcrai\ coming !rom head on ill hard 10
recognlte and at the same !ime represents !he biggest p<:Itentfill menace te the ship. If you must gel clOSE< to a friendly ship, ny so it can recognize you most eaSily, and don', act like a menace. Wben Pien» Meels P]ane-A plane recognized as 01 a il:leJldly type. hy another plane, should be assumed friendly until it posllively CQrp.ml.1s II. hostile action. On the other hand. a patrol plane being inspected by b:ili:ndly.1ype fighters should use eveyY means to identl1y rtseU as If Jriendly ;titera1!.

tate c1J snces.

2. Many mell! now manning ships in the comships blown out ftom Under them and seen. !.heir shIpmales m.a.c:binegunned \0 death. Crews ot lhis k'"md a.le quick

liat zones ,h"ve had othe

WAYS TO IDENTIPY
1 .. IFF (Identint:;:;a.tion.friettd pI' Fae). *rhe i1;ttPol';ta'J';lt thi~g is tG use it at the prQs&i'bed times. and to )}Se the. PJ'o,p:er ch.annel tar the area or sitUatj,Oti. l~ FoU,w p,podi~d. l'Qu;f1e OJ' ~thOli. of a~70acl:'b, 3. In certairt situation.s, 'gyin~ with landi~g qear,dGwn. f4.Votv.n~ary £lU'nishh\q of CPx::t'\f!ctutentUi~lio:n sig~ nal$. OJ' :respon:s~ tb chalieng& with ~OlTe¢tr slgn~.

Types of Identification Sip.1i

A:~p'lane 1aent:ifi~a1:l()n: siglia!s
and

~~~r

t~

lrr "an;a .
a piiffol 'to

'·Pl'Qsorilu!d. POUlle ~'C~ttt!Je

t. I!Y.z'cite~ni¢ih (fitewol'1U5) elgtt4lsiUae-of

Tru~thod 9,.£ appI!9Qeh" m-el\1de;

%2. Slashing Morse coti'e t9 lask a Sin.e letter

etilCl'l! ~omliina~.ms
rQflY

cOI'JW~g ~m:h~t!oX'\ 'Of eol~ s~ sigAalii. b\~olves use df signal rights- and

xoepea-tedly. At nigh!

also be

1,I§«i •

.. Don'l walt te he (lhalli1nged. II'!) Ihe respol'lsihllHy oj ~n airplane. ",aming within yange 01 warshtps (or 1r,endly merchanl ships) to illifiare Id!rntilication procedure. Lel them. knew who you aral Yo~ musl know the tha.Uenge 1p.1te:r[or \h", Me<! Q.ll.Q lime Fenoti in whll::h YOlI.! <1111 operailnq, so you can rsapoll.d 10 It cGnooUy and pl'Qmplly. U'l)cl!il:r condlLions oj reduced or peer viBibilllY. you. may fly into the tiring zen .. of friendly "hips without r e aIming II. Them your splii.seoondJ:ecognitioll an_d may save your Wa.

rnake ymusign.al

to at lesa!

two

esccrt

vessels

and wake

HC!o)'arty.

tep'r

Tl you. do ;j(:t;iclantally Of lleoes$a~l1y come within AI. range of warships, or merchant "hips in convoyr I. Give the idelllifitation signal. and emPloye-very other po~ble means of Iden1;llcal\on hom a 1'100ititin down sun, Z. Keep more than ~,OOO yards away from the nearest aMp !Jill!! your idenlifieallon signals have been answered. 3. Fly al an. altitude of al least !lOO and not more than .1,000 Ieot, ~n level lligbt. (Subjecl. 01 COIlI:w!'. to cloud and ·v1Sibility conditlons.) t. If fLyIng' ever a convoy, malle yout identi(ical}on signal to the be4t9a! esoorl 'Vessel, If th~ convoy lS scattered or visihiilly is bad.

Merdliinl Ships AI()1l& U. whil .. <tt Ilea. you ll.nd it llac"sllaty to fly near a friendly tnerchan] "iiliip or !ish 1\9 yessel;miling alone, remember thal the sblp Is eXltnnely roln",abl<;> a:uo;:l.h~ C1""" klIow~ it. t And remember that th" ship doesn't rmow and can't mad your ideatilica.lion signal. Mmciumt "easels ate provided with an identification sylilem fOl \11;:9 wiih naval shipa ~I'ld ail'eralt, Unless you I"IOW thes9 sig:l;lals. do not attS'Jnpl to exehanqe sigtl·aJs with it melchan~ shrp,
Jj ycm do

know

merehact

altip procedure, fa!Tew Ikrougb.

on 1~.

Don', <iliallenge. receive a reply. and the .. !aU to ideuUly 1oureelf. U YO'II!do not know ideolWcalion proeeduf6 used by merehani ships. assume Ih1!lthe shape of yow plane and Ihe !ijo;:! rou ~re 11ying In a fr1endly manner ;;re the only meana the shlp has oj knowin9 yon .;ITe 'hi.ellclly. Thel1lLore: 1. Slil¥ 1Il0/e than 4.lJOOyards away. unlasa you mum go In. Z. If }'ClU musl approach, p,resehl iI imam ...Lew. down sun. 3. 0",,, I go cSiIalgbt 111. Close the dist;,:nc:o gradually, by circling.

1. Don't fly over or neal,' any ship you don't have to £ly over. On one battleshtp thetlewill be a-score of 5-in,.h dual-

SUMMARY-PILOTS'

RULES

purpose .AAguns and literally hund.reds of 20 and 40 nun. guns trained on you all the ti=e. ready to fire ..t a splitsecerids notice. The ship is u.nderorQ'il1'B to Bhoot d"Own any plane it doesn't 'know to be frl_dly. A rnarchant ship.n:1a), be slow on r"coqnition, a blank on yOUl' own identiB.cation flignals. and. I:hook full of num. who have

been bombed and stl'aIed (rom the- air. Z. Don"t fly oyer any friendly shore gun positions you don't ha.ve to fly over. Those guns are all ai.med at YOu foo, and the mil'" behind them are likely '1;0 have had less experience. in 'recognizing Navy planes than o.n ships. 3. When you qj"e near friendly ships o~ land guns, act Irlend ty: Identify I 4. If you're manning" fight-et>plane-

and are inspecting a patrol plane which you know is one of Our types but whiol\ you think may be enen,\Y-Tnanned, give-

the plane a chance to identify iUI!U. and be SUN! before 1'0'"1.1shoot. You ha.ve the advanta,ge.and the plane p:robably is :manned hy men on our side. 5. lfyou're manning a patrol plane, and. one 01 our fighhrs comes out to look you over,. id~l(jfy yo~r~e/f. Our planes ha"lle fallen into enemy h.rnda. Let the fighter know yr01.ll"S isn't one I 6. Know the identifioa±ion pnoeedure, induding all chaIlenqesand reo
sponses, for the area and. period in which you are flyil'I'i!"' Write them down.

LET'S STOP THIS BUSINESS OF SHOOTING DOWN EACH OTHER AND GETTING SHOT DOWN
24

AVOID MISTAKES
CSlTierpi.!ots sometimes fail to ..ntie. ipa.w the problen1. of approach. to a friendly neld on land. Avoid mistakes! 1. Stay awa.y horn daftmded POl'ts and AA gun positions u.nJes':l your D1'de:rs1'flquire you to Ely OVIU" them.. 2. Don't approach ANY u.ilmd1y fiW:d in a straight line at low altitude. A ~e .. who has hean strafed Is likely to cut loose. Make a wicie drd ... at a height of at least a thoWland fed. 3. .FOI' .night landing, know s~gnals!

25

Fighting Ships Begm Firing

asT

Soon as Plane Gels in Range if It Neglects to Identify Itself

m: Ml'1N on fighLing ships must think in terms 01 identification, as weU as the men who fly airplanes. Some of the pilots sbol down by our own guns have OODe everything they could and should do to identify themselves. and still were shot down. They Were victims of failure oi the men if) control of the guns to know jdentificatiol1 procedures. Knowing a lulle bif about ideatillcation isn't enough. The method

of usinq effective systems may be changed to meet local tact.iCaI requirements. Or one system may fail to function. making use oJ an alternate necessary, by plane or ship. Or failure" of a walch may cause a pilot to give correct signals Jor the wrong period. II you know all the systems well, you may be able to save a ) disaster by catching the other man's mistakes, as well as to avoid mietekes or your own. It's like the good automobile driver who handles his own car well and makes allowance for the fact that a certain percentage of cars he meets on the road will be in the poor drivers' hands. Prevent accidents by knowing identification. is complicated by the fact that some highly irnportent types of signals are rarely Uged and Clay be neglected. Signals and procedure used in challenging strange shlps are an example. Allied navies now operate almost unopposed in some ocean areas. Occasions lor challenging strange ahips Me few. nut until all Axis ships are put out of commission, every ship must be ready 10 challenge or identify at any time by any method. Victory in battle may depend on it, The established procedures are safety measures, Bot ;;L challenge used inccrrectly may serve only \0 draw the fire of aile friendly ship on another; OT to let the enemy open fire first,
IDENl'U'tCATION

..

:::_:-

Rules for challentje and Identification are laid down in classified

publications which should be studied repeatedly. All those on watch must be checked to see that they know exactly what sIgnals are in force. This necessity is underlined by {he Iollowinq rule:

Thai lit why YO\4 l.I'I.1,lslbe sure !ha:~ your sign.ls are correct arid ate BIlI:1U, and thet yb\l. ship is alert 10 see s:lg,nllls. Irom olbar .shl;ps, I" know whether !hey are correal or nOI, and' [0 r.. :te the- correct action qllicklV. llecenlly two Amel'ican ships exchanged salvos 00· cause both were o:hallenqing and Duithe'r las.ed signals strong enough 10 be seen by the "thaT ,,:hip t Challenges ale usvar made to vessels known to be friendly. Swch an act belongs in the ~atne C'lllec;tory ;1$ sticking a. gun In the ribs of an armed friend and "aymg, "Boo! Who are you?" The ehances 01 a sad mistake are lao great. The eh.aUe.nge iii reseTVed for eases of doubt. There are oilier Way!! QI !dentliymg youn.eU to !mown friends whQ may be in doubt as to. y»uridenlity. but have 110t:'" chaU~<Jed. And oj eOlttse iI's im,pf;tliltive to be teady for ac:tion When you challenge a ,,'fange ship. Whilo YOUl Qhal1eTI9" tells a brn"dly whip 1M! yOIl ere hic!\t!ly. il also lells an IlnlW1Y :lIh!p, tllln aB qulcidy,

"

. The correct action on receiving no reply to idenlification signals is to open fire."

thai l'ou are hostile. A ~easonabln hmo, bal only -a reasonahl", Iirll!'!> and the shortest reesnnable lime., eheuld be allowed 11e[0I0 opening fire. £1<.at'1krroWll>dqq of all the rn.ea.ftcsof identificatIon l1" use may 1'lilVeyon either Irom fuin9 on a uiendJy ship or billn,g bred on by It: or Irom being looll!d by the 0tlemy's iaking our "jg-n~w. lmagl:ne yoursell In !he olher man's place (and that includes the enemy). What would you t;lQ i1I an attempt 10 confuse an enemY' ship? ~t -would you do li you were in a plane <,ppraaehIng it friendly Iorrnatlon. and pail of yQUT identification P'"t had gone. p"dr What would, you wlli'l\ a 1~iendly ship t<t do, li yeu were Ilw pilet of a Jriendly plane? f'igu,lng out answers to quest ..ons like thase will help you tlef when tho time comes. Tlle man who bils. 10 run lor the stqnal bock in Cinder 10 determine whether a reply 10 a challenge is correct or not, may find Gilt omy iq. lime 10 droj) the book ""I>ilioa.d 10 kaAllp lb.) flnCroy Irom Cllpu.rlJ'ig ill

26

Remember These Things About Planes

1. The pilof trav-e-Is. anywhere. froIll 8 to 66 times as las! as the shlp down ~elow him. If vWhilHy r~ !"OOT, he may be over the -shrp b..Icre be has seen 11. Z. Inlermatien on sbip movemonts isll'~ alway>; up 10 date. l'he pilot may not expect you to be in tho posltton hI! Ilndli you in. 3.. The pilot can't sec", through his enqltte, Iusela-ge, or wings, HIS vi.sIon is obstructed, and .be hM a lot QI lhing-a 10 do in addition to IQckw_9' arcuad, 11 h.e bas ... crew. Lhel" can help. hut the pUot 01 a sill~le-sea.lcr has
about which he is uncertain has a terrific responsibility. n it is lriendly-, lu! must 1e-ave it alene, U it isn't friendly, the pilot muat report it and [undor some clrcumstances) attack ~romedial.. ly. Tho pilot has to "d. and it he's WIOlI,g, a 101 of people, Includinq htmsell, may gel hurt unnecessarily _ T be Bh; p has a res P onsiliillty, all weU as the pIan". S. If vi3,ibilHy is low, escorlin q a1Jplil'-' es III <IY have to close Ihe shtp or =\10'1, 10 mamtaln coni act 6. AIrpl.iill!lS can carry only II ltmited iI1Ilo=1 of cetlaIn types of Identili"-tllo-n m"[ .. rl,,I", POT thl~ lind ether J;~ns-, they must depend. on ships "-passing Ihe WOld" to eaoh other. The plane: can't idelltify itlleU to every' ship .In tlie Flaat, '1. Under most conditions, a tighter plane in elose purBUit of an enemy has a much beller chance of "hpoling him down than the :;hip's guns have, Conl1nued 11ring, in eueh a ease, may TesuU only In shaotlru;r clown yow: own Jighle:I and JeHtng lbe enemy gel lIWill" 9. 1\ plane corning back Irom a mlssioll may be badly shot up, a1'\d have wounded personnel. aboard, Un~r .sueh condltlons, normal ldenli.Hcatlort proeedlUe m-'ly be Imposslble, UlJdeJ'J>t~nr:l !he varied ploblems oi Ihe pi/ol.

Ships Have Responsibility to Planes

The majOl" re!!:pOllBibnHy is that, Once Identilication procedure is Inlllated, you must lo/Jow through "'un it, ':rhe plane should identify itsolf and, If It doesn't, It's up 10 the ship 10 challenge. Bul ..emember: 1. U tho plan" does identify i1seli first, it's up to the ship to respcnd, 2. 11 !he ship cliallen-gs and Ihe plan .. repl!es prop. erly, !he llhip must complete the procedure, DOD't leave ilia plIot wondering whether he's been Idennlied iUI friendJy .. or net. He knows hundreds of gw!S are trained on him. and until you lell.lilin ~O, he has no Wily of Imowinq they won't open up, Furthermore, in the Pauific area complete identificatioIl procedure <lS!!:UU'S the pilot the ship is ldendly as woll <liS lelUllg the s1tlp the plane Js friendly. P-ailure to complete the procedure may resul] in your shlp 'Oetting bombed or stmfed by one of our-

to do J all hbm<elJ_ 4. A pilot coming on a 9hlp or Io~on

own plann.
3. Another impl!ldan! responstbillty 01 Ihc ,ship jstbllt of knowing: all tbe ways by whkh ij £rie.ndly airplane roay indicate ill! frlend.1y character. 4. For PT boats, here'.. !his: added bll of wisdom: Every flte<ms o! idenUlkalion ill additional aSsuranllG agahurt One \>f those tragedlas in whlch .Allied planes and patrol crall shoot each other Jull of holes, A Signal plstol, properly 'Used, may prevent one of these all~Allled shooting partlas. It's only common Sense to sea that pyrotechnlc slgns.ls and a piStol are .readily ill hand, and to know the proper !!-ignalB lor the exls!Jnq period. It's true ihat some Qt our planes have Iallen ;,,10 enemy hands, but ustnq a pIstol ~!9naI wan't inq",.aee your chanee 01 getting slrared or bombed by <rna of those. and H ni.olY keep you Irom geltlrtg bombed Or ...ITa/ed by your did high school chum. OJ born shooting 1T.iindown and o.nng- "110 sorry" about it all. Thlnk tt over o;;are!ully_

TO. PEDO CRAFT MUST BE EXPERT IN RECOGNITION

TORPEt>O~PACKING

craft,
fQ:J'

and

those

them" hatT& t.o be keen on identification. T(II'pedocarriem must get in fi.rir\g position on unrecogniwed ships. and be alert to ir;lentiiy if the ship proves friendlyCraft that may he m.iSt;;aken £0J" torpedo.caniers must be careful .not to
lJet in positions which IT\~y be inter.

tnat may pe ~taken

W
1. Suhrnarine!l

Must Idenlify First?

Al"ll

1:~sponsihle fot: establishing

puted

as hostile.

A lamb mistaken. up just as doad

for a wolt 'P&Qally en~

a&"the wolf would hav:e bee,n.

WHILE speci.al
&l"S

thei.t biendly charactel' t() su:rface craft: ~d to' a.Jl ai'l'~l'a..ft except in areas of bombing res'ttiction. The~the sub may use surface challenge proc~Ufta under- speCified conditions.

'PYl'oteohnical to

signals

p)-Qvided io1' use

many

of submarines

&_ Aircraft
ehal'aiC'ter to

in

an

must

establish

th<ei:r Qwn ~lendly:

<Pld

Vlarsh!P$

'8:#C~pt. su.bln~ine$.,

identifying ai1>cra£t,

themselves

friendly Simply

ar-e responsible
:re~trictlons. hut may

for obs<arvlng all specified

Aircraft do tctot challenge n\&1"Cttanll! ttiessel.s

homhing-

submarines

Uive when ;;my aircraft and do ItO:t l;lSa the

is s1ghtEld Qut" identification

challenge other

side th'fl zono:es ot b9rl1bing re9triyt:~iQn. ~aJ.. The wiendly plane is left with

4ft

w~hips

a~as

an,d with

Pi'QPU

bTie.£in9.', Ail."¢ralt

do

~rtain
ao"

challenge

e.iJ'eratt, but, should

~e ready to

..

identify "themselves to other aircraft

wha\ th& situ ...

no clue as to idell tity.

l~'

M.P;N

~ e:go. ts un d·f9rQS~""

ation. calls for .it, This is. ~spe(jially trou~ ~£ long; distance p;;ttrol craft which ~y oOm.e into. Ur\$X" pec:t.ed. 'cdt\tact With f:ricm.dly fight~JI$~

com.mettted decide th<lt £i.ri:n.g a ~ 18 unnece.ssiU'y beoa~ 'Of 'in. cfis.ta1'iLce ()f the plane, h~t a:re @;ctu"Uy in great danger. The pUot Will
o,p,e '\teteraltt £liM'. "They atta~k unleS$ p2lOcedure is followed. '.

matt) suplane speeds,"

3. Minot"

w&:f

vessels

i5t!'e '(~spon'lilible

:£01"

id nti-

lying themselves

to major

war vessels exCE!pt DUbs.

t.

All ships QE!ar the

l'fiponaibi1~ty of posiiivel'Y

identifying the.msel yes to the sho.-& deiel't .. systeJlt

when approaching or passing near any &iendlyports.

iIIIh""""' .....~ .~.. t .... j~.,':.: 1\

II

Rea.d New Sense Pamphlet Whic:hSpreads Word on Recognition and Identification.

t: j
I'''T

SUMMARY-IDENTIFICATION
1. Remmnbe.rthat ships have?lespon. sibilitll$ in identification, to pliUle.5, as

who .a:reon wateh durl.ng that period. 3. Since knoo1i'tn,f'isn't enough unless you're ready to act. drill yourself by
an~cipating various types of situations

which may arise • • • a.nd then see 1£ y:ou know the right answers, quickly. discharg-ed. 4. Always keep in JT\indtha.t airplane Z. The be.st way t" avoid beinq a speeels ate infinitely greater than thDse central fiql1re in one of ti1cse tragic of the sUl'Cace or subsurface Cl'att. to duels ~tw"en our own cra1t- -and the which you are accustomed, and try to only 5\11'& way to ;o.yoid it -is to know "look at the situation with the yes of all the niles on jdenii£,cation. challenging and the like. and to make SLU'e the man in the plane. "Th.a t will help that all the possible signals for a you decide what you. the man on the time. specific period ara available to the. :men ship, 5hQuld expect, and do at ili.. well
a!I

p11U'l1!S ships. to

Both must

be

that it can he seen. And that the men who will h,we to handle it know how to use it correctly and quickly, 6. PT boats and patrol planes should he prepare·d to usa PYl'otechnioa! and other means of rdentilication. to fighter .and. other planes. 7. Once identification procedure is initiated by either party, follow through quicltly in th"" proper manner.

S. BesU-N" tlrta.t 'your eqUipment is in good condition (Qr 'uae 01 any authorized means of identiIication oar ohal. lenge, on an instant's notice. Be sure

RECOGNITION, IDENTIFICATION, AND HORSE .SENSE PREVENT FRIEND SHOOTING FRIEND

Safety Reminder Is Given

Ught f.la,shes W,orkers'Mess0'ge

UIK'!10U

aorn~()t
iSSllCJ

lIil'~lallt.!i by thl;' coutrncun t.; this couditiun, N<\S Qllonset

dUttlg:~

PlJint local

Nu. ;:; w~o Im1> h!!t011

Iuches ~II lm1J-ilidl l'(lllell ~1('c1. II IWti"'1i U vnluablc ~ldditiOll to the deck IJr... h kit. s
B!lAER COMMENT - Thl! enclesure release is scmerimes hard to open, l'Ms is :t gog_d 5uggestiOn .tor '<I" ellUl(gen,¢), reel, The device ,or a scrl'wdriYer ",t"tld seem to be " hnndy "NidI! around the !light deck.

NAS NE\\ Ol;tL£A)'Is-A.s u reminder to men using gdru:bioues, to protect t'heire)'cs with suie!y goggles, thisstation has dl'!vised It s:fmp1c box-like ecutrivauee equipped wilh ;.j light that !lashes on lIutomatiC'ul1y when Ilk gpil1dstone :is 'Swilcl, I'd OIL. cauHpnlug worker~.

tu Pl:O\'id& rcl!1clItkm of micro· phone lmtcket un service ,1irphuu'lj umlergolng uverliaul. The arresting hOtik We !-:llntollr 011

i'"

all mudillis ()fcarri0i' airplanes should he Irequently iiiRpectecl and honks whieh nre worn suffickmtly to cb311gc U1e loa: con Iour shuuld. be replaced .

lime-S,ave.r Helps Grinder

Clip5 Attached
to Torque

Arm

The message em the box is punched I)ut on ~ .regula..t· stencil maehine and:
('UD

Device Releases Enclosure

M,ay Assist
.S.S.

to time to keep safety uppennost in minds of persons usrug equipment such us this gtind:ltoue.
."BIIAER COA1MENl'-T/lj"
cable idea and worthy of use,

be repia..:cd willi ethers bum time

i,n Saving

a Pilot
nffioor on

NAS Ol'TTJ1vtWA-.A tittle-savIng device to simplify of'vrnlilln (,f ~}u: Hull seat grrllUlug rnuehme ~o that une uperato!"
~'llfl

HOCCATI BAy-An

handle

two

01'

thrcf' :rll:lph iues

is

11 praeu,8",,, faa:

..h"uld be- glass cov.,..ed ~ grit does UO,I get in. Int..nQ" bulb should be n:cl.

this canie'l' hflSrlevelqpeu fi, handy tool lor releasing pilofS' cockpit enclosures which are j€Lmrued, espeda)Jy valuable in crashes where It is necessary (0 speed
removal.

slmultnnet,usly

Wor.n Arresting Hooks Fail

Inspect, ReplQce Worn Hocles
[\epQfls have been u(,.t'tliyeu in BI1.A.d of Mudel l'(iF-3 ai.r1'l1~uH"Ilrr~~Hng bmll;l> em.,<aging Higllt daek fittings with subseq uent lJ,il!\-lI'c of hook, Esaruiun U\Jl1 uf used F6F hooks shows the lXll!l to be

wurn l~lu ... w'V edge do.e L{1hun], being h

in:td\'crtc:lfllly

luwered

a,IIJ

tlraggldd

(111

In 1,lane crashes on tlre !light week lbe enclosure freqllenLly is slU:1UIf!ed shut and the pi:1ot, injured or dazed, l':1Imvl 011!m it !i'mn ilia imide. If he ls seriously hurt or- the plane aBre, it is vital to get i~ open Immedtately, bllt in mll.JtY C~~ it is irul)ossible (0 push bard enough with the thumb to release the hjJoti frorn the outside, The device- to ffect this release con5isls nf lIU Cll'din~ry file handle, two

tOT-qt13 arm on the machine and involves two clips (A aud H in photo) which arc secured to I.he machiliC. The torque ann is 11t'lld hy the pmper dip. :qeither uperalion of lhe machiue 110)'

The

has

HU'ndunctll

Is

been
[01."

hu,ldiug (he

developed.

rtueness

oJ

tile
(11 ~,

seats
,.

is

impalred.
-"~fll~'-J

I nJ:v~rJCI!'~!)

F,)Wl.1X.

Use' New Type (rash Trucks

Latest
NAS

Fire-fighting
G1IQSM':

Equipment
Two ucw
nell[]

h igJ 1-!lI'e~SI)Itl crush !rneks I,.. \ e, be-en .l.lldt'd to the fa()illUcs III lhe "I,ilion.

lu.;

miurtwhom:. TIl· Jfl1C1'Opbone

IHlI'd ~nrf<lI.'6d ruuways. With hook worn ill tlils In anuer , eng,tgl1!llents With fittings would be ani:lcipal'ed Law'cring of F6F huuk during Held .blnding.;; h IwlieV'cd h.l be causeu by tuadvcrtent lliPLJillg of the arrcstlag huok switch when reaching ft1f the

sure !If flO!! P(lUUtiJ>, currying' .[.35 gallnna ()I wntur in ill tank, E\ ery g~JJuu l,r \~"Iter. when l'1'nperly dbehaq<:ed through tile Beau fire !nln, Iw.~ at lel;l.SL len f1n\~~ lhe fire·Hg!,lillg

The trucks nrc UlO Inlesl iu fi,e.Eigbliug ~ql1jpmel1t and opunll(' til unnzzle pres-

is being relocated on eurrent P6F

brocket

ffiuil!lJcy of the
used al urtlinnry

same amnunt
finl-fightiog

of water
pl'es.sw·e:;.

,pIG-

2:9

Bullets Blast JQpanese Tank

Missile Opens up Huge
I

tilvillg 1,1IiLu!lI' ~p, ••'d stull

lal1'"1 b(PP,\ ,1",1

llrJ111l'" '1~'"Il\('~

""riO'" I
,1,1-" I), I

not

alter

nor mrxltly

III ' l'~islillg

prnhl-

Hole

hwl LIH1!! It,r rl't'ln "I') tuuks hom a JI.l(lhl\l'NP (_ «cnr slJ!lwt'<1 L IIntc Ilt rotuuon prllbabl;. will i11111'111'lIlllhll' 1 \"illll>t~lI,d ,130 eal. P lor"tt,' lIH '" lull "p]ltlsil .. (;"I,Io\lL~ Ill" ll~t'L ur ,.')0 cul, \p bullet unpuets, A... till'! Dun'l 1'1,' nlurnnxl •. this is ,~ 1,(0,,\1 sign 'Ir~d Engine Turned Two Revolutions 'I l'(COTl1jJlITl. ing picluH! shews, it h'~'IlH~lI- r''4..~l\l'r~ I~ "tur\iug: . • l-",· t1l1)~ If f"ru'~ .11'" I." !tell I \'. 'l. (lnlL~ IHllt· \V~L~ hlllYHI ill 11", lunk wliuu \ \11) :),,,)' Owr"g to 'he sllllrtug(' III "speCI,tllv 'till' ('irl ;11",,[ tah, II j "'[E'di~ I' j t was hi! by WU' •.50 enl, hn Ilet, E('1ipst' {'"rlridg(~ ~Im ('l'r); urul 11h' ill r."hl~illl( 11l1']1 Intel, r!llrr~lg !ViJl Tl'_ TI,(:' rJll!illil~·mach- 11,,1 v a smul] hllille! trouble encouurered with file HI''' '7,1" "tl\ol-ir • IH,I(' whvu it uler·d tin: 4Z-~flHoli (·ILth·id Tt' starters, Ih engineertug O~· fl, Oscillutlou I, pr~~ .. nl 111 1I'1l spi"". [icor of thl~ \ ~H"'Ttsjou (ksil!lled und lllllk h LJ t rn 1 e\it it hl i'lstt'cJ <l l()" iiI) 1\'. TIll' 111),'<' 1I$~i!1f\h'~ hNWIWIf 'II Illl.,ldol( TIwJt' an iillpI'O\'ellu':lIl! Ill) Iiito' '1tll.!111ilnl jtldk~ltiHg 111 lillik hrurllv ~'1l\JIli h' \ ilO'ilitl rwnr annru~iIfUlt"l) ('II [1", 111)1'1)"<111 UlllIg{'f> tartf'l\ ,IS Ii 'kcl dl\liS H~;. III l·ltISS d a.~ bullet-proof- 111' sell-senling. .. Itl -j,u tll 50 deAroes below til· hunzou ThL~ do," llPl 11'I<.m.1I thai u !I'll ~]ljll j~ ABO (,'111"10,,, wlueh is not strong enough 'rltl' lnnk Was mad,> 1)1' a !lttt'lih' m ·t:l1dl'\(·h"JilJg. Ruclwt!t)· will Iw """",11 RO!WIII~

Tl'l'h (.'IlIlr!\WI"d I"'nllll" 1'l'(lvil1g Cr(llul.cl III l\!k

al J)ulil~n'll

.]. F:".. · !llnl'" "lib "ot p,,11 ~lil'k IJIU'l

t""

'It

"IINIlIIlj!

ntplfH~

11111)'"~"I\1t

1''''1"il'illg

,I" .1 tli)l.l. ',tnrc' ,,111-

hilJoll 0)1 \H!UlllIII'Y ~pim,llll~ t)/ the J·.H! Iypt' :tilrhnw;)s r-onluhu:el ill Ilri~ mdl'l. 1"'lt l,r'St,nts illr(lrHlilliPIl list' ill 111\, "V('1I1 III mvuluutnry splns.

'III

Bungee Starter Improved

j. 1 pil!)t i~1111 u1>1 I" II!!ttl L,III oppo,,{,' \'1Ii1lruJ;. Iliid sri ." Wl1l~~ hlkk rHI.Il'l1 erm-

"" ~It' in I he 'h..,illu tion,

\('1'",,;1

L'II

erv

",UI

[ll'

f4L~ll'l
Ill,,!"

11"11'1'

111P

H I'IIJllml!l. I•• 11 till'

uro

re-

~lI'I'l'l!r

trols witll Sll1l1 tor IJrlf11 jllINI.;lI, 1"'.11 r'lli f ','<1\ ,"'V .'tlllLlIll.

:'lId

r.....

.;1 it.\l, (Hga ilixt stjl.·k NtlltJ) L<; wost essenllut lor s].:)iul'e('()\'ery ill this uirphme. 1H'lk~' certain that fun n-versed cou "01.. and tl1l1l' !aY"'I'S u, natural 11Il,lu"..r lot':'lling ~," ill Ihiekness \ ere upIk rmllt.'I'ilil
t'xll'.1'1lall)' til !lIt' 1.lllk structure. ,\ lJ-lwl Ill' Ith~'Hrlwnj l'l1;ltf'r:hll. rcsemhlill~ ootton waste, was place I II 'lv. .'('11 thr- I'llhl).'I- IIIUl ... I'iHI >~ml llu: thin luhrlc , 1111 ') ~'IIVt'l:illg. L This C'lJnrlnl '!iOJ1 pia' .d the lank ill tlu- l'ut 'gOJ}' \)llh,· IlhsrJrlwl1t Iype luel lirl'

It 11.11'h'~ll

fOluul

tlHLI [ull Iurwnnl

hehl untll

rl;'l'I,)vcr}'

is dfvdf'd

plit'll

Pilots Abandon Plane OiJly II Low [( i.~IiHgg ested lhat tile 1"4 -1 iii ,I dlllwd In uJ i~filII [(1('0\(:':," ()IH11"rols CHlIIll!! 11f' ,'ppli"'(1 ,H,d hclel, ""d'Of lill.' pluJl(' ruaches (II! ultttud . bplvw 3.UOO'.
'\.Uitlld~· loss [c,~ recovery frlHl1 [nurhim spillS" lit II b'tnsN w/;'ight 01 ! 1,SOI) lbs. with the u.iqJLU1L' in the clean vrrn1\'p]],u('\'lC'iopl;'d :;I)ill

to turn I'h(' 2,()(!(l-lip t!!IgillLl lil all 1<'llf 11 llllffici(lnlllllmh r of times for sturting. The m,lt!wi.tI usee] ill IhI:' device illS (l1f:. foU((lWlng itli\ffill: Two bouts ror VfQP.,/ler tip" Il, TIiIO'" ~IIMllh l\i.ill. e"l.I~i'i ('uttl.:'IO rl. long ,', 1.'i IL, I Til, t1i~lIl1l>wr lhu11 is advlsulrlc It) lrnve at 1"fISl 7& ft. /I,

sliuuhl

Ul'

~h:lll'

dud

or

tuuk

il~

disll1lgIl1Sh,;t!
type
III

"ll.ak-pro()fillJI'·

hom the later I'll~' O~l'nl' \11.; 2.

How to fly F4U From Spin

8uAer Cites Remedial
-

Moves

lnt'l flight.'

dirinn II> e....imatc(l (<I he 3.1)proxfmllt{'!r t 2.0()(l1(:12.50(l'. illdudillg 1111' udclftiouul turns 10) rccoverv nnd rpC'(lVt>r'( 111\,1- h)

Ht('11I11111t'wJIlheJtJ

,,1 F lU-l nlrplunes on ·\".yli"to pI1:1I the 111mll'onl o.l~piHs are -ited h(..r [ur '11Inl"rn.lti()11 of ;111 pilots. ltl(tJl'1I1uLicm is hnsl:'(j 011 Hight h'sts ('(Ill(hl{'lco b)
Chillll't·

bv

nHllUl[nctliters

Tests h;(I,t. heen f,;WI It'otl,d ill tw,!) turu spius, 1Isi'lg llPllli'ul Iult'rnns. "lind
rp'cO\l(·rii.. wen-

(II k~'(;~pillg teusiun OLl blade .!l boot. iI Th", 111m:]., in till I'npl:J hetWeel1bl.t(!t>
II

hetwreu tbe erul IIf the !ihock t'oJrll uucl lJ\ mw cur I'i insure ~,IJ(' ')p"mtit II. Th ' Tope between blade I and 2 as shown ill phfltogmpl1 hus tl pit'I'!;! t,;. III. ala. ti· 'Ilnl UlJ>tall , J Iur lhl"! J1l1rpOSl'

or

tlmwlIgll in e~tiy..lfion nf 'pitlllhl~ ·Iltlra('tf'ri~H('!; pC r"4LT-t ail'ptallc. llml \'r)llltlhuy ~tJills Rh.)"ld lint be peJ'miti (I. '\Ilhollgh SIWl.l.'lisl'ul r·c v\'ri s were

II i,.

Yought

.-\ircl'il.fl
opiuiml.
>l.flL']'

IIIC' l'llIllnll'tm's

eulty, d uriuj; J'l~'(1\ ery, how \ er, ('jlllsl~II'nll) improv I,d tC'('i)VI r. ·Jh.lnl.(eri.~Li(.'!i h~r .. t u pproxirn il tel y J: to ~ of ,a Ill" I. Ailc:rorlJ;
IIgllillsl

l'Ih·(.'{t't1 wilh II'\) dimUsc uf uilernus ng.iinst. the spin

I and 2 is 1l{l(.'('!!8.lf to ilJliUl' nd Pl'llP(1,r re leas uf lirsl hllilt.

rl/,~lnwtiulJs

lllf'

saru

/>'OllO!l,lil1f!, IfII'IIt/fl(/ for

iI(111

r('

'lIH't\

two

('!'On I .111 spiu.~ of IlIP)" tltau lllrns, (hI(' to imp!"nvt~d rt:lUOW~l)

th,·

('f 'he

the /II'0.fwr (11lIl llllllgrc ,~lfII'lfl~~

are recomMf(' 117) 'm·

~l1il~ W(>I'I' liS'

I ill "lTt·(,.tillg

1. LL,..tUl! hw,,1 ell' hJndl~ J. '('('l1nd IllIut "" blacie 2.. ~. laue m~lI1 lli", rill"" ,-,n'r pr<JI'I"I1(;!1

..

spillS 0[' full I. hltllS bolJl It'll llUd l"ight. ill Ilu: dean CQIlIH~J()IJ. <"II Ill' II f )I'l'es I' I,ltUI'C'li fur It'l.'(l\.'" t'ry (~Iiek lun [ul'waru. rlJ(kl~r ~1I11 ngllnll1t l:il.lln) [1 p pr()udlt'd IIw pilllt's ~"lpab!HUes :uler appro:dIlHlll'l~1 1\, () ,lllU l~ IlaIr tlll'llS '" Ihe \lw:I'lou:d CUlldition, If ,I HotllJ:ll spiu is i.,ndyert~lIlly i'll' kl'l'd, 111(' flllloWilig ~t·l. JOl" l"('I'!ivfll'V should he jniturLcd imnJ(lint.,11
lII<ldc (rom !lul1na! I Apply lull !lpptlSll<: ,(_~nl!JlfI.lli ~IMIH'1 \ IdulillJ,; '\ fill UP)lllstk Clt.I.I,'I' .lUeI ftllJlJ\~ •tilcl(m~ ,\(;AI2'St !I", .!fJlill, .2. ff,,11 n"l.l. fI\VI'r~"ll 1'llllltll!J, unh1 rll-

l'h.lllld""'lili(lli, AU '1'lli(11i (If all IIrirl~ ,He'd tn ,,'.0, 3{)·..j.4.

personnel i~ inMoth./ F-iL1-1,

:\iil/[flIW.~

IIIJh. ,'1.

.Ilt~, 11111,[ 1JI 1:11;'"

10

pluce pr ..p lli·t

P./[r·2_ (1C-1 11m! /o'3A-I,

.\'trie;ticlll,'1 Oil

IUllcu 'ritl". whioh J'lwldhils voluntary ~[lill"illg o! Lllt'h"t' nHll101 Ij]fplanes. TIl!' ui.~l·lISl!f(1n ilhovl' (loes

n,,·

lJhldl_, I III Wl' l)ositlOu liS Sh()WLl in I:>k'tlln'. -J. J:i:IlU 7:1" It tl>l\ IIIH' b 1.11I1('lll'{1In "M <Uld (1, sllek IUk-l'll lIP •

"r

A1lhollgli

slrHt,I'j.'d

11'

I],'

bu"/.tt',,

h~'ll

At-R SHOPS

br

o.Il"'vh i1]!,!

forw·lt<1,lil1J,.,

AI'J1I~

I"'Jl bullg .... t'ot'd til [J 0 rl. • '('10 .. ht\\, 4,'ilr tnll~l (jilin.' III II slllll. .5. Sl~lIal l'h!:'11 i. g1w'n h. t1w marl ~(,~[j,nled 1,.,111\\ 111· purt wiug. w ..J! ~JlIL IJC tl,,· Hm' flf UilOlg,'r. to! hln! II,,' 1111"10 rth.jl1l .12 w LA im, by IHNlI~ or , h~ ml!~ ll}np,'~1 IJ\ cr hbdf' ~, as ".howl) in pIlutr) 'rll] h. (I, 5tilrting- prllc 'dlll''' .1 till' !'llgill r nmier" the SlIme •

k'n!!;th, 11 i:;

H'e.)lnnlt!11th.lCl1'1 ~lrllllihIlw

a,,,1

I~

I"dr

,'on.l

<.all
lillll'j>

Jl.~

;)0·

Tests

wilh

ignitinn

"","i~f'h off indio

30

c,LLI!

engiLll-' OIW l'l'vn!lIHrJll or loss, The duuhlt:- bu.)l stm-I{'r turns the smne I!IIiJ:im:, "Iwu! tWIJ 'I'Cc\(JlulipJl~, Tlu-

tJu' 1-1-2:-100

th at

I he' sI11glJ_> 11IIot

hm Lget'

turlL!>

AVIAT'I.ON
Eledric Gun ChargelrRemedies
UlIOr·d'slule:;1fur

ORDN.ANCE
Jams
I" 11,,: Sl)de~ b.
111""l .fJ! III1IL~

tlOllhlc

b'nol slurter IiPlwun. lH ~"ti.sfl\lf'tl)ry in 0V('WV rcspcel. ,11I"_"'lU,.-:1tih I~V ,'\ \~~H:"''\.·f n ...... WP! ·11 ~-'~WI"I

LII;;'I[llih'
-t"I1'lI'~ ~

thod ;8, 'u(ln:l>idl"n'd to he " g:r""( im.proVl.'melti over rh e h tlJlgt'1!- Mil rt,'l" d~ sc rib"J u. TN 22-40 ror .m'glne.. with three .1Od f... .... ,"' bl"cll'd P rtl pellers, 5 I e PI' ar'e bei n g ,I~ ken L I) ,'B,llI 171.' I this Ulchnical not e- and cover all ir.-forma, Lion on bungce ~!lIorwrs [rr "" Pl)w~" P)nnl ,l\cOll.sMl ties BuJ r todD I>'J, ich is t <> b!' issu ed.

"B'4AEJ~

COMMENr-Tbj~

'11

pnrts rs k ~,"wn flelt

'l~ " •.di1>ll~~<'n' kc h

r<lnl.-ih".tiul1
1)j

th e

l\,odnclWlI

IJ!sIJHlHlJtJ

flO r (it m I b" I ~Ull C'iH,r.ger HpUllldl' rUI

I'll h" U' Cn-w> "Ihidl l'flS~~U.~

uII.I"),,mll.(.\ltli).

"klO L tri 1I J.'nrnfnrtill§;

a IIHL~

.\1,

I'n,,,,iurm

1-\
.11("

r n-enu]

in)l I", 1)(.: 'I )h~'TI • 'r! i~I.1 ,ItC l' h I

III ,I 11111~1IInl 11)

H'rst round

o.:i!'arinj!

,,11rue
H~ fntnwd
sunllur ,,1' til"

gnu ",[ sl" t>]lilgJ'~

Hr; 109' ,,~

N,avy Standardizes Aircra,ff

Names Listed ,According fa Use
~~tl'l nd.u·dil!'j! ~ II w d j\·f-:i'lI' I) r 'lIilVld uh'Illdl10S, lll!cshilll>, gl kif')!i~Ill'll L'! .pl CI1l ,II' d rlrones into d~1Sl!;qS .LO::01~r{linl! hI rhetr
!I,~C.

iu"IlJ1itlg. fl.l'litlU, is jd"Il1i~'HI tn'HlIUOllj and

hy l'!rollll)O'hml:ul\;

r~a' 11 g hm-u ntis\III

The :\:a~;. hag issued

11

l'frClllllj

[cth:r

bfl<..:h ..ard,

b"l! stud

1V"llb tlmt l'<'f!lJlet,L-l .... 1l.IlU,·, r munely, t'l1l.l:o.p;i,,)\ ()r th,: gil,!. dnj\VIllg it

li.rillg switch, ~illl'(' lht· glJII will sturt lil'illg 1l II If! /I !'!IOg Id, i~ 1'BM closed. Furtlu-r .. ,'[firma t i,,, I '<Ito- II It' d1<1fgl'l i~ ~I!I,I)bdlltLd in O,p, t 11J; "[I, "ri"g rieso.;ri,lllil'lI :lfld

ll", burr ..·l

he lOfl(kd
1I~1'

d'''lIlh('l'

0.1

lilt

~'\I"

the

Pll<·flIUUIol,

BuOrdGets

New S"ation

for

Te5ts

~lllnlVjng

lllu

lOLIUp rllt\\''',ml.

Cln:;~ de-slgllUlllll'ls cover single (jJ!~')llC ,Ii r~'r.)fI 1'111 rl'~s 1110111 [it,d Ii)" ~Y'H1)\JJ.o, -( 11) Ilf (, I) > I,; hlp'> ,li,t1r:tfL I 1,,1ve lle(!I!LL~-

"igw;,d ~'''' the-

~]jmill'lted, [lai't~I'111""sis.n'~: H, 11,-';1\1), liT' <haugiue; "1. rneclium 01' .2~rnlgill~'; t" IHlldl)blll'~ ~, ~t"1-! ,1uJlc.

and the VI) das~ i\-Imlif)d IIg syrni )(llh i',I

'>'J diLSS'

llwro.'!_,} llilicing.l- new r<Jl' lid 'if "llf\'''\JJ, iLlu,l ill Ih,' h;m"tll ch:lmb!'r. TIoiJ,; IJ{lt'mli,,,, II> *'I.{)u)atica_II~' :rcp()II,ll<d as uft('11 u.." neees"" t) b 1 dt'ltr tlw gILL! nud rl·,~tMt' il Lu liri Ilg "I mlTtdull, 1\l prO>!I(;'Il\ II ""'" • ,It'drit' dl<lrgefl' ar~' (Ullt"'llpillted nnlv f'lr certnin li'rn'l 1n~h,11"\liHIIS, 'I'h .. d:wrgilllg mcohu III~u) t\LIII~f"I", iII pitt! ul :1 In'lP of hh~dt'·lYpO]· ohuiu p"!>~l'd nver

lu Un'!Olwf ltH5, II b"!!IL!IIl' lilill tlre flld1!h,,,, u\'aih,bl,· f(l)

rru-nt lif

app~iJ\('''1

or

.1." e 1"11'-

Tm;·keb; lmel

411fCfUtl'

WI:1ljlf'"J;.

CI:ls-.~ d"si_gu,Iti'C>JlS tire Usted below, minus tJh~olde mndels, TL.~1y ,lhHl,d ;Jr~ rn" 01 and l1I)t' ICl Ill' coulused ~vill! :1 ir('ruft sq Itud!'f,lI)
, t(I'ltjl/l'

(\($i t:,'1l<1 tlu II 5fl,,,f',r/,

ILt

11,!'e H'rO,'~d", 1!l'T111Jgt'J. ill till' Fw 11\ "I a nianglc. 011(' of these S]JTtH:k"f'u; is drht'H b~' III' •'I'.'clrit· rn <I I'll£" \~ hilt! the 1"J.llOuj"i ug twp ill:1 .!_. gl1iuet; [ur tll" ",IJllh ,. A (law I :tI Ioleht'tf til the ehuin l'TII!«ge!; I he g\HI hull stoul '1'1"'111'1'1'" j I,,; I,h ..u:_g,;r is nduatcu. ,4.:> thl' .-It'plri(' wrol,1r drivl'..> 11.0 ,.r,1I ~g;11~. lII~'4,I,IHlIl."ll'j II,wlldl H~ eydG', the p:n"l, I!';j \ tjlillg i~hJ"l,g ib IrillligU lar I)'Ut h. 1II,,:ves

Ih,~ boll
'impie..·h

l't"$lrW:lrrl.
111wwllon

<,h-,,,,ilfg
~}n~~""_~I' ~

IhlO" b,'gillllh,g the ,i.~t'r1b{'d Jb~,,·,,~,

0[(11m j\~l' r"l[u"1it~d Ilw Sc~'r.',(.lI'}' pf II", Nt~, I I'll !"ld' III ,'r nn aren III ~lpp:rtlxi11l1Llt'1} I)tI(1 ~qllflh' n,ii,'!; ~"l1"po~,!d "r II", Jro<ll'~Tl \'\1t1~ \ "Ilf y alld ;~di,w,:1I( luu!lI!lall)S to llie IIt1l'llo ti.J,d en!t\ ftlJ- ~l w,),,1 ,lTd",,, 1,.. L .~t.lI ("n, 'Pill' ml,Ii."I(\·I' ~ t!i I he sl.nlinll at; sot forfh ,n thih ltMI'1" w'a~ '1'Lat!'d LP III' ~,~ Inllows, "Thf' stlltiflll will hUH' -n~ it- 11~i1!M!'\ lnnctlon the research, ti<lSdD]JI1"'l,t a,,~1 t(,.bl Weill]' II ,S \\'ith t'lI.l \111Il~i~ .,,' IbU/;!r Ilf uirr:'!l'ull.: III 1-1,(· nre,I'Lll tlme, !-1m I r')ukli!t.~ Tim sm tf 0n will lurve till' ad di ' fi,',1111 lunctlon ot rllrHI~l,i"g I?rinlH~ trai,,;"~f:t, asp~o.illlly 1I;l"(,I.... 111 I1Wli~ 1)( ',l.... tft. I'!) rle,'eloped Wt'l1plUl~, Al til" 1)J'''~\'lIt tj'(I'. this will uPt!I~ I'm/Ill) to) Iuslruchun .114

iJlad('fJ'.'III,.

V,alh

ill

'\"\"·"UIH!t,

,Wrl' n"rl'l'U

I,',·

~,r

pr

.fl('.l~

F' 1J..!'h1 !liD

VI

\~

\'F

~ ~11.

1\1',

Ilf (\I,' !pin l' 1,11 rg .. r h, rd'lUw1y kll~1! a..'1 Lt... hnlt-i~ nlll.l.ing h,tHrIni1"tfI,j ~'nIlUII't, wltll il hlllt'1JpCrlltt,d $wllch, 110.- o:;iJ;l.I'g!'r f'>llwim ill uI,,<rali'lli. \oV], .. " tl 81llpVlljl;e ()()CIIH, lllc .e]ectr:i4'HI
iLl.tlmIIiILit'illl)l ri'l.l'.ls('s ,I 1;"(U'go: 01 1,lcctri<:·;;1 phwur lo tlw' o:'llilrg't'r nwtnr whit,1! tlll'~ is h-tsti;lItly ""crgl:t.~i.II 11.ncl \lp1")"" k:. Lh... dUI i.. ml'eh.1 "hm, A.~ 1u-ul,t ;,~, I h" ftvi,)lj{ !iIV'ltch i,~ in I'll" "",t ll'l.!<itlOl'. lhls '1·~.tLI(' 01' 11IWruliorl h lllLhll;'lltiClllJ) rf'p""o.!twl II 11IiI 'til(' !,lnll fifC~,
,y,'[<'ll1

Orwralil>ll

11'1'.m-"~~1'1IiH ~'~'ul

Nrwl"'ll1ill" i-l. 11".1 fO;'IJ\[KmtQI fnc!]llies wure (!!'1'~·('t,"d Lll hif'lh priority ('J l1crruil ('mh' I!IIlllrJ\l,),,"('lHt'ul III o ircrufl ni.,,,,~,,,1 !raII'd1,g, "tll'ralhlro' :At LIlI!' pl'l"'eJll UII1/Q tILe-rt. !lr<:: l'!~Tjr,,\,· rtJut'll)' :3,,'i00 IlMple li\I.lIg .ih 11,<, 1"fil,1l1 !,fry of
"H

Ito e use of rockets." 1'10", <:taLi.,)t l.\Ia~ !'std,lisht"ll

1I,f' NlI'>)'

L.~ LllI' 1;,"t"'1

r<""'~ll",,"l"',,.

\\' ells VnlJl'Y. of which Ih('d'('

2,Oflil cl1n.~I:r"diou wudwrs,

"rrn 11..~ll~nri.""

\-R \-I,t

(UL' )11.

IT: 'IV~\ 11'1:010.;1 \'1 I \1' l \,1

Irl

I 11111,

tiiu •• I~
I VK~ 'r~~A''') 1irr-al rHn ~ I

, :0;),
'-~J'{

;(1)

\-~
Ill'1fllll"1'l<

I,,, EI('l'iIi(' OUt! CI':otlZt .,. MII.l'J,: 3 j,m! !\turk ,J \1/\( I 1. Tilt· \ Iilr~',1. j~ OWll nl.,.~l '~11 il.l: ~UI) III,d kl-t-r,,"rr sui" III thll gun; tlw ~Lllrk :1 "'h,d 1 i~ ''''''' 1Ilcd "II ,[It' [nil ,,"~l r1i!ohlI r<lllt ~id.., Th .. ",I)llfUI Io",~ TU)ly 1l1~l(ll~lwcl r<,,,,.oll,hlIt LII') ""I'V,·'lIi'lI'It "1l-1.:ll [Ill the Vl~~,I! For ni"uILtI"g IIll It ."U IILrul I~!I 'l:,l, I tlo., '·fl',lfll,1 bl-I'( is fllclli,11I'd IlnlltWI duwlI [1110 I rts 1"1" 1<:1 1\1-11111 i1«n, lllltl Lh i~ 1I~!'lId
TIl:'!I'
'I'III'~,

o !Het:1 I

nl1Tl't'!ldlllllrt'

tnr

th1s d,~'rg"r

{le'Il'IJJI!lIJj ,l11d (jon rmVll1 p .. r~lInj'Ir'1 hill ,:;-1,11 ill Wm!,101':llV qll~l"teni. T1tr, n'mtti"d~'.r at(' [lImiHp~ WIll J'tl~itlt'nt~ "f 11,\,'["\1'),,, ,0[ L"y.,k..,rn ,) lid Ridg"'t'l'c~l, 1\1 iuljllll OtUIJII'IUU l)[:vdl)plllm,L lIm!' Nu, I \\'11"; L~1i"UIlL~~il II ,~'rl ill 5,1" Dii'ft." in ]1,'b1'1lln1' ;lIld ill nnw in til!'> Iln1(>~~· lit

U3n C:n!T~,~h

;IW

llf'fldv

t"g I" rl,ls sJ.!l'i<'I,. CASli S3 \VR'S ~'{'l]". tI1i~~ilUwd lit Ihh .ul,lill," I" Xll\l'ell A lrernrl [11ok"J rtI1J,I!I1'S, 1:ar,,('(~. nbst'!'\:OIl,,,! pusj.!: I:,'II1,wm f'ulplal',-,l>lJ,'I,t" jl1ul hll~'c' Ii,!, (' ht-l-I! l.'IIlIlI-l1'1\(>'I<l;) for hULh trllill"'1'1

pm

11.1101,·". i \ I,' tJ '1"'~III f~"" 1'\

'!::!. ",dl1~~jl~' Uj4~11/Iii!

TUII. ,.0;\1,'

f'+'~~in ~ng-

I,UW
l'j,/j}rlt tIIfHtl

\ "'I':

I[~1HI'll,~tl'I''' II
~~hl'.i:.~.~·"'"rlllnu 'I'r" Ho"',"

frtfll'~Jt.wl

lill

11'1:

t,ll

iJ);!"

"'I!;

in.;!' itl«1 r,xp<l,'mlonhll p'ltpo~e;:. 1\\1'0 to!11pmury wmulli ~~wj.,d r(l Ilgl'~. a 1'IoJ.t,L halt"'~ J1lt1g", ,~*I 'IIng"zl,ll':s !Bl\" tl'''I'l1 hllill (I utl ..I )\ll,t.:el pl'()(:ll!-I kl), l "\h;IISI,L" 1,LI lit Is III)\\' w,d!"', ~"J!\~I!TuC'li'll\ ,,~ w,,'I1,,~ lLO ,'\'pm:,mt'ntul a,r fidel. PCml""l'nt iWII5iIljl" con~tTl".'til)JI I~ l!lling ~dwml rapidly I>! tht
pre.~t!lIt

)I"~"

1.~fj~1

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"l

\1.-;thij'.M "I;till

'1'",1"111111'

e".

IIIIII

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I':~ "'II,
;I,:>II'~I
"l,£tTIUC ,GUN CK,o.RGER-FiXES JAII'IS 'W1TH EASE

r."""r~

l~ll'Tld ""

rltJ~ig"a ....d il", Hlr Lwilii,'I "lI,,~'a:)l ' Fi"lrl,~' lIn, r u," j,Ll, LJ LUIIJ<ir \<~ ,II'r''',, "\', J !.rr"')1 <l1!JrS-~ ,,1 r'I'.!-1 ,oJ II" NLl' Iii .-\0:10(11'111), \~ll ""ll'tll!hllug nlH'ttl mi:llur "lid

°rl',e

time, Secl'et.lI'"

01 t"~-,

;'\IUVY

C!Well

th

u,,"'"

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I'r:O;l'K,

!lfostltn!dnn11'

iw o,wuj

rj\~!ltj(1)1

md!H.lfOCl'.

31

POWER
pun Prop Through

PLANTS
J·ef·ore Starting

An Oxygen Duration Chart

Coordinates; Pressure, Altitude
l"nc~l~ vI' combat M1CF!l.rt llfteu Ilnd it desil';) hie tu know che dUJ'atioT1 (l t tlleiJ' pxygen:mJ t,l !I!l\'f' tbe figlllt',~, n:aclily IIvailu uh: III al I timt'_l> wlLJt\lul L'alc:ulution, Teoluneal Order No. Hl-M s-up1J lies []ie (,l ~ircd. inPOftll a tiU II ill Lh e form u~ II grll.[lh. Aviuliun eqnipmeul llffi1'1\\11>,

~'lJPpH<1.d Iu 1llll'al Hvi,llioll shun:: estahllsluuenrs nn L'c('.I'LTlli'1eu.;.ial[\In l'I[HIlt\8) with the upproval of the Chief or r-..m:d
Opf1ralinns, boats spare Requisitioning parts hom TIuAw

or

"mall will reo

suit in dttluys. IhtShip~ has supplied the

fnllowing illrtJl'IlHllion 1.0 hall' speed up the ordering process: Spel'i:J small lmabt Include the Iol-

Du.rnLlg uJJ,· ~ligilJe l)rriuUs. ll.il lInd I ur Iuel mlt~· ,w"I'mul:I~' in ;11(.;,11",ptpes, 11j'bike ports. Hud cylinder t'llw!mstirnl ehnmhers, esp' 'cI.d h> "f UII1 lower liurlers. JJ I hj~ HaTTie.! is lI"l fl'lnJIII'",l .rwl"'T 1(1 slll.rtiJ.!:g l' ttorrrpts. f:.j_~'to,j connecting rods lila ~ I", jWllt tr""kt'll. "I' hrokeu, I'IS[[nlS .md riugs mrn b(t hr-lIL~1l or JI\IJ1.'l\gl,d; nnd other t1T!Il i I\~• dalHRg e J11" II' f"~ n Il be"a use of tim L:nrH~'rnpr.,.,,~Illilit} "f Ihe li,tIl1'] iu lh", .cvlinder comhustmn dl'lllih",r!( T" tPlhwf' "If' pu,,~ibiht) ,,[ tlll.nlll!;(; to

e,'

luwing types;
II.

however,

l1Ul.Y

Rnd

It

more

C:K!1t1~

\litmt to Inhulale mounted

the facts ut'wl'd Irom

tho ~l'"tlph onto a ohart which

i'n the aircraft.
foriH oj

mae btl

T1 Le

euduru Ll~'C chnrt

frn~ed was suhmiltcu

;11 "Tlgill<' I

uu ..mpts. ) fI, If ahnunnnl ~'Jl"'rl i~ !'~(l!1iJ'ed If, turn hull !uu] l'll~rlne p(!rtll from Mcchanlesthe jll'''Twllt r, ,Ill II"L ror(ofl it. R"nlo\"(.' hurg, Requests fIJI complete engin('s WI" k [Jln ~~ from lower crHndr'J".> to dr-lill sh()Uhl 1)c m;lde h.f letter 10 BliSh ips. pr,!i>I,bl" ILCt'UUlldu.LIWl "I liqnid, Al'lothW' aetiviries shu [lId reqn est I', If :l 1,1(.\,'1' LltlllUt) 0\' l;fIpld ls dl'tdnal Q rnaI'erlWs, inc1.llcling comnlete engines, in l he 0\'1:'" I f1[ remuval of ~p!lrk plugs. 11 h'Otrl their oogni:z,l1ll spare pR.r[s disl-clis 11t'~1J";lblr tu l"IlS~'n '~lLd droi n these Intftkf' {liT'('_~ wluc h .!lV S',' IWC:I ed t Illll lilt, t lmtiuu ceo ters, Wll ich un' T(';lsprtnslble 1m!' lmve IJ1Ipped li'lujd. Tak-e llt'('esslll,) hJj' ubt'lhling requested material out in pr!'~\wUU"S /( •. st't (l1l1( .. lIlr"lllfwd IIql,jd ~b;)ek. IS removed, There are rm hull pnrrs .c."tnll1gues <I. If il j'lI!' I)~r.m IOttt.'SSlrry lu ronruve fill' sllc~'ial small heats. 1'11f~r(!fr'll'e,in ~[llt(l 1l1LJg~ n,n! nr llll'i1la: pip!!;;, tIlt' [)'l! I reg nesbng: spare h ul'l p!1 rts, not OJIly peiler shall be IlldJctl thnIH~' ul !j":~~1 [\1'(1 siLl)Uld _, (.... !mple-te clescdp.lion of the ~'(11np!'<{1j ['o!'lullltiuJL~ lu L1tl' dh,,','UUH '" I mont to give number of hours 01 oxygell (TlIl't required be given, but .HlIShip~ "01"1'1,'] mlutio!l \[fl,,\t !ir~\J I, pll1~~ uul iliA .• rcnmining In the F6F-3 airplnne, A scpI,Lite. [l!P", have hl',;-ll secured 111 1"1111':1'_ IllrU number .;;md BuShips engine serial urute group or enrhrrance 6gu1'e.~i~ sup- nuruher of IIII'! 1~1~3l mnsl hi' in~llIded Duriug I IlL ewrLi.Llg (,puml[(,JI1I, l'tlusi<.h·rplied for the conditums tlILUTEl\ ON .[>.1111 "hie ti'Jlllo lue! 11L11)' I){' I Ii! l"'ldntt'l! iulll ;!Is('). 11IJ l)TII':R -on'''. L1lO:: lo,'\It,r Il~liucicIs, llspHcia n:} if tnt ~l111"r.. Engine pmts ("lllnIQgnf'lS me fumish.¥.l -these flgures are :til-Pfmcimate }"cprc' d 11Il'!-(el' miu I, .1 h l' Is un I Ol1l1t,l t i11g (:ur1I1JIJIlrdM('h boal. l''he$(' PIlrt<;: sllnuld redl", J)rl)lu \l;1[n'8 shuuld bl: illS'p(~Clted ~C'nhrtitm1> of a pilot's oxygen efJ1l~um"[lbo. requisitioned by the clltrllogue part nL r~~u l.Lu·' ,1('" oJ" to m.lkc su re llw): IITl' J lion. siuca thew -IIl'6 hased 1JPCJn an aver· nLlmber, BuSl)ipn hl!n 111lmbl~1' :md Bu<tl>l'n:lh\g ufwn'('lh', !Juring Ill': ~inrling: nl!e illspiration oI J 0 ]jteTs/mill,~lI couShips eugille seriuJ nLlmber, 1"1'(1)",,1"1" Itml sh,.,,.Jd III~ judiduu!>h' ,ullf" ~Iilinn [lI'ising dllrillg ronline !light

IiLlr)w,1 tlir",~ti"" ~,r ,'1)"ullillg the mlr;i.nl IhrnuJdl hi .1 nJ'IJusill.\ \0 Ilumllll rlli.:l.tillll 111li} pump liquid intI' Inll!ke l!llfiS :wcl [lipM. \\ Ilkll will in (um tll-I'"kr d,f' (-',"1'il "l,4r '~lm 'u .~i"'1 dun, Il.l'r' nllOlI ,til rl itlg I !"'lPI1S lollhlli.
\.l\.iv/(1' ,I,!r.)o\iu'll

fullll\\'llIg pre-start lJI,I!" plr~';llI1"i! ms :!lIla!! Iw lal",,' a, \~! I"!I 1111 "IIW"" 11lW ~ t, lnd idle- (Ill UHL 1.\ufT !If rnurc, ttw pr!ljlldlt'r 5h{11l h.. , 1m U. I iI'l'l'IlI.cih Il( leusL J IV!) Q)IHVi('k' n" 0'j

,]I.riTlg

~1'l\,"'-jHg ll(trml'!.~'- lilt'

~·h"rt ulearly shows bow the vlll'iabll' laotors at -pH"s!rurc and ,ultiI1100 may lx{'olll'1;linnted into ,I eonvenieiu ru'r'aJ\gi.~-

!\It-l(lkni Offit:et of

rur

to lluAe.j·

b)

ill ustile

Group ~[}, Tlre

" 0(10' 13IJliI h til r g~'!hUll L~ d. 38" B,IfIj' b"'Jlrs t' mr. S'l Plane r.·l1Imilll.( boal" 1- 20', 2~' 1'1'111" t.f('f~<lnfle] hotlt~ f!.. 2.',' Pneurnuhc bll~es II.. ,'1:';", ,'11'1' Pll,k 'I h'~~ls i, !,' Lil Lf I,[I,!!! li-Ll~ LI1)" (;;
hC~'l1

1B· l\ it rlrl "'U rt""LJ'-' hUIll., I.. .9.W, 36', is' , (ill', tile!' ;\[u:r:dt rescue boats

OXYGEN DURAnON CHART FOR F6F-03_

hy hn JloJ I"

511;11-(' purts dbtrfhnliOll Coolon h;J,\ t' set up all nVl-'f the wnd!] and suhj('ct rnuteria I is IIImis/led nutom at-ieall!, lind CCJI1UIIIHlll}:.iy In llltllllfHje~ propOl(iollule to uumhor n hnals to he Sf!I'''iC'l,d in areas covered by distributhm ceutars. "tclMLios fur "vhie" the Nuval Supply Depot, ~'h'("hani(:slill1!~, is Illl' :ipHW P.,l!·ts dlstrlbution CeI1WI' shou Id I'CI} ues]

..

~II ,. "'.'\'HI~'11J1i." " "I li'lllici t hi t·l. ,vrWII s!Urli II!! ])l'(')eO{inl'(" 1\ ill plOrJuit, II 'i~ Ild,iN.d,)O, tu l,·,>!\v pl'()~~jjrll L'lI.rLlu'dllL'!f III idLe (IJ'L.W!i' IlnW lltl· t'lLgi1'i: l'!lIIUU\'II~llS [lriHg, A recent In"lbh.l t;'Jll-'JI'lJll,n;.'ri willI wtlll'r filleclh~ll hl'i1",l1iltirHl$ ha~ lH'vll lilt' jJU:;;lIihilit)l' r.ll 400fdelltnlly inll'(!dll cing ,\ \11<'1" 111tu tlJe i,!(lw:tion ~y.~t€m wlt1l tJ!C eng-in!! ~!"'1I'ed, B..sltles nit! dllng.f'r fLf hydnuili['illg .1 11)";\<"$ e)'lind~r ;,1 111{"llC... ~t;,r<. Willt!r ill t II.'" _l:')' !1nclm:s. . ;1. cesent.<> I~ Nlll'''S-lt\~l l)f(li)[('II;'J ) AI1cl(:iI.'!ltal fllJ!!ction wltL~r Will i;l['['.Jr If lilt' Ilu£lltle i:<; ope'leJ ru"telloLlgh to IIP.'tnl,I' !lIt' W,H (""lln::('ll!'~' pUlver .~witt'J..lIu~l 111f' ha He,", il'Ivi!<'h is 011 L!!':1i\'i:n~ I·he 1l1);'>;til N OIl 11t1'~ i11 idl (, l~H t<u tJ wtII );()llll'CW11 t I this lIe<:idcntHI i1Ij.... tiliJ1 <If "'ut"r, fie c~n'c fll[ in opE'llin@! the thratllt: to the \:V,E.P.

ella",r!

lo ttl"

I<1l!:(11"· l<_. prl1\ltnt

1m eX!'C->A

whel'e pull' a mIld ar(lounL of ncUvi1r is r~'q II iFed. . Ulid In' Sfl'esS of ('om hnt, l;,{"iW-

W m;'l'kedly clerl'v:L~ed aud, lherefnrf!. neil.mI oxygen LllITl1tion m,l)' be c(\fi.'>idlJ~rlhly 1ess th<ltl
t'V('r_

oxygen ~"()uomy

Design Deck Pen,dant Hook

QU,jck

.R-eleose Is an Advantage

indiuntpci

.in Ihe (.IhML.

Special. Small: Boats Parts

BuSh;psGiVE!$
signed to
IUlVl1J

Requ;sitiol'! T;p
nviatiou
SllOfC

or

On6 of !'he principal problcm5 ill lllaID.tainillg the ~llecia], small bOlHs ,IS{'slal,-

lishments ll; pro(.'1Jremel'lt (If engine amI 11111] sp iilX~ parts. All small bo~t5 are under !'he aogni. Zllnee. of BuSbips, althlJ~gh they a.re

llc.~igncd hy :l m~U1ljQ!' of Ulis l'essel's lllTCsting ge~I" crew is believod to be ~uperi.o,r tel vthou hooks in that it e~· abI~ flight deck C'J'ews-Lo make the pendant taut" quicklv witholl~ retrieving.

E.xpel'ie.rwc O\t tll!'! U.S,S, tI4,w,dJ{(I!wU CfmllnL1S tIle ue~es.sity l<m' ]I lluick releaSing hook to make cmss·deck pend. rult.$ rasl 10 Hight cle!o~k scoc:uring Lmd;;~. The hook is of particular Iialue on eVE clnS5 vessels whit'h huy<t a cross-deck lJl"lldanL acrnss tl1e nIler eJBvuto·r. The. qlllC'"k teleJl~e tensirmil:lg hntik

32

llJ1d normal surfaee 11 tll\o;!k is plan ned. Sub (200 ft.); speed 17 knots (2. ft. per 5Bcbttd); illlervlllometer sst (or six-l>omb $tick. 60 ft. spauulg, Pilot 1lF ie ts Iii lI,mlllg circle

1•

Sub sighted

lIf release is reached whmuillh advances ~I) posiUon wlUirc connihg L(I\er is Six seeOlllh (10 flo) from center of 01 iLil.uing ~ir le, 'that's th spo you want, ~Q press thut pickle

2•

Point

3•

reached three seconds later as sub reaches position where conning tower is 84 n, from "enter of I:lJ'de. s bomb slil k sbikes water, Drsl bomb nits eub,'e (If alming ctrcle
I ",US ~ws
trART' llJ!lV>:LflP&J) Fltl'lll lUlTCiHliJRJH.El< ~,

Point of conlael15

'I!. fl. rr",,"IU..L, "'\' (;Ill,

Poinl Dr Impact, three s C(JIld. Intt:r. has the su.b dead center in he circle. Bombs complete mderwnter Iruvsl, n perfeot strfJdrlle. with three nnd four, Polut af aim II It'l'lliines ft'fHI,lts
I
/JJ:i, ~.

4•

PA'I'I'"I,

&", \ 1111",' ~o j I

Full tension of retrieving is so greal thaI; most devices bind and won't operale. 1t j difficult to retrieve pa:l'ti,ally and. furthermore, i1 the accumulstor 11~ been Wed off to permit pulling th wire out. here ill no pressure immediately availnble I0[ tensiuning .. Tile pendant, secured at one dge of the deck in a steel hal' S.hook. is dropped into the bight of the teo.sJ9l'liug hook. The hook is positioned n the lie.~OWll traek to take up slack in the wlrl\ and tile lever arm IS pulled back

C'llIli><u,;Jj

until It lies upon the deck. The pendant is as taut as though il had been retrieved ;:mcl may be freed by merely throwing the lever and lifUng the wire clear,
rD~6Ib';"'l'1J
til:

1\11"111'11 J.

Ttf.l~IIN~.

,1>11112(']

.,..BIIAER
eliminates

COi\lIMENT~GeJU.'t'nJly.
work, "",My.

if it

time. Tne need for a quick relensc hook, if found to be general wifl result in issUlUlce uC 1I reel of this kind under BuAer SeaiQ)'I IB spares allowance, Recommendstions lD this feganl weel! requliBced by BuA·~ ummen! "[POD the hook used on .5.5. 8unk.:r Hill appenring in the ApriJ l' i~~ (p, 33) of NANew ,
11'1'111> pUot p~ "' 'I'Dir m.lrh,g ~ olllllr1llled lu~~.d II1Q~hqr bl. Cllllln~ Iud ~c" b~dll' dnmDIl'i!d 1n tA hi ttled t he '~"11" rinmlll "t II ",viJt~ liplll kill 1'1"" ,1Id1 cr~L Till" tile ",""lpumn'. CIlIII' parl1llilrU J;~ W1IA Lllfl]L nil. but Lh jJJJI<llng \\'1l"5 m1Ida clll'a11lU, ,llJd "U llir"'! tuan Ul 11)~ "Iunlt ~~lU1dQnocl 1"11' ""tlll,uL dif!1"JlLj;t '1'111, tueh." iljU If ",llIlij lot, 'lKI~11;>111)' III ~y"nt "f ~"'J11 ,·,,(I.d 1~lIlhll'jl:,

ny device is worth

using, it should be nered, howevl$, rb c the [Qggle lever sh<HVI1 n. capable uf accidental release by a m n" foot, ~'hich migbt
lend
Oil 10

.re ....

diffiClJlty

the elevator

in ha~g ail]Jlwes if released at tb" Wf'<lng

33

SURVIVAL QUl
~
1
~

Fit Tff( OP£N V/fJ'lJj

ro«

C .I.'CHI

= ",d ~

,/-,',"J
aI'''
illt'

hr- .':H,nl

11-..:<lllI.uli

1,,·

'I·.uk"

ftI oS"f)1l1f ~ ron« CMrPtlLI<NQSro

Till.,. PO:J/ flO'N r.Uifll~T oT"""b(JJ III)/. I). 'r~ tWo .i If C(J(f/J$ m; -

Il(US{)lIlJUS "Oh·pOJ~<lIIOUS

u"mi

2. Mnl .. r;"

is rmnsmlteed
"1~l~!Jl!ib:J
nl!I~III1HI'

by an

in-

frl:ll!41-

D /, 1\1I"1'J",II"
C' ('-11\ II rl-II"II

" A.,d~

Bu'A.e.r,Adopts Red Ughtin'g

Visible Light May Be Obtained
f,nl!d~" lIS!! of the AN10gr;! lIilrd-"il)IN l'Oc\..pit llghts t'llli be (lb· luiuud Wht'll ull j)81'sl)nnd nnderstund
.lvklllt

hecOIiIl'" ;l pl'OblL~Ill, if i,~ sug!!:(l$l.,d thllt a f O-oh III lO-I'\Jatt rosi~ttlr be plllolluiu the lfl:H(1 From tI~f' h;,Ltf'l')' to the ('flnITnl hW1pCUrr(!llt til ahuut ils J'nl",y value, )\unlher leatura iii the dtL'IQho,blt~ h(l._~ewllid I permits Ihc fI.. xture to be I1setl as ;,l Plll'C:lh]e light. '111f,1'1"8honl<1 Ill' IHtle lIf!eu tor this lla(IH'(' :llId it. s frC11.11\luL ul>!l h JiscOllfuged, The Im;( [ctfllU e I,~ the }:wiwl adjusrmeur, The has!) dumps should be .1;(:'fr'wed lip Wi tight as pos..~.i111e with lilt; lighl 'l~lj(lsle(1 ltl !:,uilll ill the most Invoruble d irection. Jf the light· is 31hrWNl 1,0 l!Wi\'(i1 rn.,(11y it will II1tM pl'!,lb llh!y puil1t ill tilt" Wrull!l d!.t-cdion. BII Al~I' [ras rlevelnped u Ul~W r.ed, i11C!.llldc.~~·!'1It In.l<U11fl'lf,;'!1It.Jig] jIi! 19 sy~lC.nl {If' LlIC;l indireet l)'pe which, since 11uses n.t'] light, perrnits eV(111 lJell!"f djlrk
A

J. Many pl<lntJ> ~or"

(."oll

undurg-rQund p~rt.... ci~H)' tl"ull of-

(!t<lrcll) ill This ill> ~-.s:PII·

IIIdt.

This Mll reduce tho

mllXIl1UlIQ

LI

o
L

II

IlIlllulli.lfll

p1",

j,

several rMIW.~

pi tht' lig]Jtiug r1xhw~s

Z,
I'

I~IIII!!U{' plUil

t~

,n.lh', pl.•I'1'S '

lIUlll1al pllllll!;

cJ

4. In (h" Arcric

Sa", rll" mosc widely ,1VaH~hle W~ter .''tOur;:,.' i~old_ aalt· ",,,r,,r i.-l', which l'~n bE' di~iin· guished (r·om snlr io;:e by itS'-

OIlC Iru purltilili. fellt ure is U 11:' l)l'llV ish 111 to]' obtaining visible light. The fi;'(tuJ'C: i:.- eljllh1Lletl wilh (wu :ullj'l!.~'idtit mL{!t~,eneh having: two npen sectors, [n twilight, when Ihe.n~ b 1),0

Iwed

1"0)' 1)!.'I'SLlIIlW\

to be ilMkp"d~flted

r
'l
:>. C

('-~l"Lf1.l 111,,)('1\"'''''''' 1)-bll1bll ~'ul",

11-~ttJ.j \'U[lil
f~lJllr

and when iustrruueuts 1Il'C hurd to sea, visjl)lt, UghtlH~ir be obtttilleJ by rntullug the nlll:r IHIU£Lllcg ~l,1 11mL UnQ!! seet or"

d-Jlli:lk'
PfI:h(j"n\ib 11-,lluUI!

ftyil~

are. (\.\(U1(l-

,:e

lhe
IClllllt'

ShM" ...

iSlm.Js

1)1'

111(l1I~ llmJ

or the filti:li' m'e SI1110dlllllU~'('(L Til ('I)JllI~let~' ~lnl'kucss, \ isible !iglil \\,jIJ f'tlllul'e dark-adaplation and Btleh light ~hunld b ' c:ucekcd l("l mllket.'!.-·rl~lin lblll £ltCI'S are Ilompk:t ily dll~lJ'.l. TllL' second Ioaturo is line IIheQStal
r.,lfllHnilig

i.Hlul'to:.uol1 IlUIIl the ultra-violet Iluoresl"uut type. Tha new sY$tem is bl'!illg ill-

/,__iTl

Iho 11I!1,nri;n ins

etml1ul.

CI ,"----1 h rru t( VC SO:IU\(lIlll I d -I II Innd 'U(HIg ri\ l'r~

fl. Tne bl"5'Idri:hlril~g
J! 'J

d::u:kille.'>S: lhtl- (""Jllt!'!)\ ~t, 111.0;:uistrumltub

erlo,lgli <In10

Wltell 111 C(J~pleh" J Il!lst he set baok

c",~onul..'

lhis creates

~"f". C:reut~'I'
u.hre

are j11.st bright hrighlu~ss than und reduces dark

n 'l-----WlIl.!lI
I
~

ts
IIUt_.

I,-ripe I111:t!f
t>-'JJJwllecl

,f

nu t~ g\,(Jl"lI'~

neur

111:111'1'

7. The b"on m~t_ll<,d of ~.(iC"p~ frmn ~'lY m~di.lI.1ll ct."t wil I nut support
)'''\1<

w"i"hl J~

!I.'I-

(l-wu1k out

...., /'-'.\.I'hll

out

ad.I!11I1liulI, . Whell LLJ;)dimmiug CU111rO! is set ut I he !Jrig11t(l~t pusibuu, JlllllpS Ul'C operutIng al mike lhllll (hail' (·.Ited t'lInt:uL II operated c~IJlliuuuusly at tid!> lrrightncss l lie lamp UJc will he silOrl"'ll(i,l In smnf" !"~~t1", where light!> are 1l1S,tll.lleu lit great tl istnnces &om tho lnstruments, it muy btl [{lImd that PI:'r:iIJJlllol will olJi'!mle I he Inmplo> III mmtlJtllllTl contlnunlly. if, ill ~ul:h cn~c~ , it" n]l rep UIt:tJ rn e nts

1111pCHamuc-ll.JpI;'J'ldill!'!; thnt lypf'l 0! lIght should strive fill' rnnximum (ifficiC:'llty

by
Im(lli.·l'1>UlHtllllg

lilllll~d in new atrcraft hut, sruee uu g(!i!lOl'u] cI uu IgCOl\',e): iT I pllnnes nnw.lJsin,g ullru-v inJ!:!t I"!q uiprneut is i.'WI h~llIpIblh;:l\. Hwil'
IiXllll"·!>,

Test Pan.e.1 Saves Troub'le

Hearo'n 9-2 Gets New Sysfem
IlEDnOI'- 9·:'! lo.licknnmed "Lew's Opt! Jpl'S" lmclUlSt' ils rTl:lll)" eaM~s rv~cll1b1,'.tCI) lfldes, LI t~'S1 pnuC'l rigged hy
II

ill

n .rviatinn (Jledl'J('irlll'~ mate i~ pnJVlng .;'1 rime.... UV r fpc nIalllt('n.wC'(· g men ..

f'-right yo,,1' WI!)' nul II 'I illIl't! llu!~kl)'

Jj,

The
lH('(l'l

glll1lmd

qlJ'~tionabin
~ 1a11.!~

principle for' F"Qd.~ i~ tot'!u.:.,lilti,~

tl'!\!.il'lg

Ll 1,-I"'l1H' IJ\c f()"d n.inHC

l"-lust .. " :om'll! 11u'tnlitr

r~"lI.'Lio[l~

,,,.1(1 i' waH

"I-t!,·h"o.:[ di~[lg;r{)f!lllrl(' odur

34

I [w "u Illl'nl Sluee

'[II!JU"'"

[l'IIlIU",

IJlli

'k ,.1i.,{')..and

HI~ uurl ~(!r\LCllig

cub I 'oS am kept tugetll, r an I laboled ..

II{J last-minute "",tLl'chiug I'S HItCe 'an,

I "fur " • 11 r '(1uired

lUl

ot motor-drtvun U'1l1ip. JI~'hlll'lti(l!l ill (lh'l!h~H

iust rum uts

LlII' t'! IIdull .~II!I itlllllll Jislmhillg cuble im;l:dl.dlun 0)'1 111C plone, TllcJ (Ot)1 un,,\'Ii~ fill ('xpall~liHl 10 fit 1V~1' lhe tOlUJc, thun by wosillg th ' juws ill . projl;:elillg purl, lIf llre ;:IW i inserted _into

scl (ire lu all uirpurt ill CalHurllin. destmyiug !lI±WU ,1.rrlllS and tl:(Hl.llgWg turee uthers, us ~howlI ill llic .uUCl:irnpn.tl)'Ulg piclur > tukoll u[lcr the Willi

me.

1>:-;11JJgllhIICd.

Constructed

tosrblg PBM

PJ32Y-3 ull'phllw electrio ultllnr~'. m'Hue enth'e!) fr(lill ~t,h'lIgt'd J-1IU·h und mnteriuls, til' panel is simple to opernto.

I1I;d und

the enndutt J:lWS 1)[ the 1001 then ure expund xl ami tljo reshuping 0V0raUOJl IS ('lImpletmJ by turning' thu lool tlUUllt tilt· conduit unU] ronndness is; ubl:IDH'lt
l Ur.Vl".fJ1'lJn
In'

Hu er 'rz.. No, 42., dated JUIIUQI')' 6, H)d2. ad vises thut cdl11111Se l1ilta!! ~lHd (,'~·1I111v: acetate t dtl!)G'S, lucmerl used (lT1 naval uircral.l, llJ!e rlJpiaccd by eelluluse ;;tcei:uto hutyrste

.1 ~'>J r.:- I

I' lit.,.,

~I

TId
2,

11>

done

Ill>

Iullcws:
II> he l~ti)d
[III

I, lruuit the motor near lhc bench

ouueet

or

Marines Solve DUst Problem

Shield Protects F4U Intake Dut:t
lCJ\S Moj \\" Air-borne dust llMtid' picked up bv high winrls of lhis urea have marl dust shlelds nlmltl~ltlJl'Y 1'1) .1hi Iutuke !.IIIdS uu F J II I ai!'o<afl.

th

111ls Ht'e-resM illg qualities. However. t.b.iJs ne eJ Uupll is till a Ilre hn zurd au d c];mgow\ls H But properl handled

uuge

whIoh

llJil 'k-dIS{'lllIll

d plug

3, '101>' the switches L Head 1.11 meters 'I'he loud is b lit applied

tl tb

motor

Ordnance Device Adopted

Simplifies Job of Boresighti"g
:-'1 'Its MUJ"'v '-l"l1cCU with [Jill pJ'o"hlcm O( liucUug 11 tail jack to!' the Ltln~sigblin!:( wnge lhat would ue easy ttJ 411wl· le <lml yd pOITnH rumor .. adjustmuuts, group orrlnunce t:lf'vi~'0 all ..ttucluuenl lor Mark 2 Iype LUUlb mill lIW\I,du truck \ Iuol: ilflplHi ,s till:! job

by its driven equipment, hut when tIm! nn-Ilmrl is impruc iCHl ,11)l'lIuy' brake, III equivalent simulated load. may be used, '\ tt~'lIt,inll is l'allt:d to nIIlrking eael ~ pl ug, S\I itch and ureter rUI' 1111' t'XiJl' I
rlmlor

duces

Lem!.': I 'stell, 'Nils

errol'S .lIId

pro 'b'duJI' T('_ _P61'l11ih Ill'\\' or il\~

(OUlII'et Jv 11"lill~d persunu I III operare lhe rltllt') with minimulIl d.lJ,p;el' 10 the -quipru ut sud tlil themselves, OMMEN'r-Pllrm~n nt 'I.'!!l ''i[UiPrlltml of this Ili'ltnr would exp ditl" cbeckiJ'l.& UU( Qf rn<,llUl'l> '111 all 11'"d~d plugs. wu';ng. 11l1'len;, <wit(h ..~, (>IC., <Ire Illlt'~)'" at hand. A 1..0, lmheHng of plug~. millers ;:mol' $Whtbes rt'uuc:c~ errors. HI.lii'c\'e:r, this ';"IUP i:. lilUlled in U6e hI uniy 11,.. "io;plnnh F('IJ' which it is designed and the. ~L1\>Ca. rien of part"- p"nicuilld meters, mav not
be jusfifled

... n"

11Il:,u,SIH'

H\,

\II

),1.1-,,,.,

H~'''I

ER

OUST 5'HlEUl ON f'tU PROTE~CTS INTAKE

OUCTS

cliff [cent lY!" -

al llrtivlljes mainfnlni'>g \I( airplanes,

"" i!r-lll

Cond1uit Tool 15 Invented

Worker
I

Wins
Gil bill'

A.

O:!IIt>IJS-

!;lr'tl

del eloper! ul

lerl

effective lltrle lem! hus been

Ilris
~latitJu

ursrr

Prize

for
under

Idea

INSIDE

VIEW

OF SHIELD

SHOWS

CONSTRUCTION

A ~lmpJy (!UII'

Tilt' grOIlI' It as eunstruetetl andiustnllecl :shield \\Illicit hill! p"'lve~-l highly satisllUi: Iactory, and reduced the number (,){ plnnes gnHltltied Itli t'itl:llilng, Pn"irnl:!l expenditure (I( Ill11IJ·JIO\lJ'S used (0 reII move dust praticles [rom til, lncJuotioll s~sl~ln fl[ IhI" l'llglll ' .11~!l al'l~ sm ('d, Shi I 101h:tn~ heeu pa.illtClu a l11'ilJlalil t\: 1:>( lht') wll] 1 l verv 'pn~pll'HOus

of cvelin J pluue. \11 U (roUl s('rHlI, till' d .. 'i~e consists \ 1J1 W 1(; pieco 01 or" steel npproxnnntel !:lO"\I()", two pleces of Ji" ste I ;3"x ", tWIl pi!c" ul' angle iruu ",iUi 3" and ]" Hllllf!llS, one piece nf IlnglE Jitun ""iUl 2" flanges and 20" long, aucl rI lew 1.1I'W.' Iml t:..~. The Ifl"x3W' pu-ce is bent ut bnlll eiuls h fUl'Il1 1 ehauuel nplJ1'uxluwtely 2U" wide To Uw uptun I~d ends of thts ph>c>' ,11"1> llullllu , I' weld ed tIm " Ilanges nl' ;1".\4" ugl 'l>. Holes 1U'f' drilled 111 til 'so pieces to correspon I In Iltlles ill t] .. 11ft l)rm:k('t (.If truck, 'nit' 2" ungle i1'OU ill welded tu (JlJ side of th ' 11'15e, TWI? pfeces of 3"x8" ,II'e welded til 111(' busp III form n dl1lHlld -(\1" wid· TLtWl.· ur several

It Could Happen in Navy

"Dope"
eOHDIJIT IU1SHAPLNC, TOOL'WIN~ WORKER A, PPIZE

e'ost

Wre.cks Planes
.1 !CII.
TTAeHIYIEHT :FOR

LClJ(JnciaL gugg~stiotl program to facililut l:l,)llduil !lUll reshul~ing. Frequeully ill ulrorall. electrical work.
uf ul uniiu Oil! or other soft I,twlu I CllIltiuil becume' hn~lel'l't.lIIIILI ttllsshllpCJI in sl'nicc. 10 til Plt.'lt cliis l·oIHl.Lion was cUll'eded by 1,t'lllovillg the c;tble lWlll t'li ('til dun and for 'ing iuto L1w
l'lIc1i WIH)5e

Explosion of fl barrel o] "dope," lip ci:t1 JIll i.e! , b~CII [01' S tJ r ilym g WJ11lrn

I'IItI Z 60MB_TOillftoo

TRueR

oonduit u rod
rnntlilc] true

diameter approxj· "11. a p1'oces:> ('DOS Itilling L'OlHiideruble tUI Ie. Witll the introduction of th fesha'p' Ing 1'001 it is J1U sibte' Lo reshape COIldllil witlU1\Jt removing the Qrtble- hom
iu~id tllamej

ili i~ ~h~tlJu('I. TliI' method wns merely hI drill a pair of lwleli at the cnu!! IIi Ihc lljcces IOfll'ling llle, clrannvl lO permli ins'lii011 01 (1 bnl Qr forL TL,' jll:;t.dlaU'1u of UI devioe do WIl reqll.!J·e ILII dlUli '($ ilJ 1.1 illb uud.. ,mel b C:lUSr' nf its JJH)btlit~, the job of Ie.veling a p11111a for lJIIl'('sigM:lng is gH".lly J,;lI1pJHi~~IL
\l'IIYS t.l

sevuce

I lre Liilwfteel

ill 11~I(lpLeJ

DOPE 1£)( Pi.O$IIlN

I)E!;TROY~

plANI£S

IN HANGAII

,..EllfJrd COMMa T ·[00" in1m:mntjon iI simihu" tldapI(lr, Mark .1 type bOD\b "noJ~ Itlrpedu fro k. """ OuOrd pU,bficaliun OTI V6-44, and dall,d 18 February 1 !iI44.
1)1:1

35

How to Fold avy Uniforms Camouflage Comes Off Fast

"Seapack"
Tll(·
Nill'}'s

Keeps
SUUPt!('"

Them Neat
Illg~(lgl:l, \llUI

NATS Strips Paint From Planes

'\l \.\.
.u.L,\NII TJlilly

ilLJ at naval uit stutluns,

signed en 11 be
ucvul

has UCl!il d ~
littl·
')1'

.1\ till,

11m been stripped e

of their Nu.cvy

I' 10 PWllUS
01'

to
dress

I,!UlT)' u~lifllnllli SII

IIU \Hil1kliug

I.I·ud

1D.'l.Ul t n iuel

rt11lQU;ljI.1~. I'I~P['()lu !i>cl It r > slum :J praetionl wuy Lo Iold uniforms in tho new imlllOV '(1 mudel SIIl/JlII,.T, niH ~C),

1I f1dltillll:-.,

trlru ap-Jlt>:IIHIII:C 1 .i II [let'!! nl.. mel! W I't h

[mt'rnC'(il)n,>

lu

uu [auuury 22. Two H5J)'s also have Iwoll ,J\'i[lln~d, III uddltluu to a uuul rernovul of _pai.nt, the joh entails u:until rg ut 'ontrul
~1Il'J';It'(> .., applk'l.ILhm and numbers, und

Arm} "nlllUullf1~t' 'iu(le llre LH'Ojl;lcl Wl.IoS I!llliled by Air 'b' lU~Vl!ll '4 uUUt'OIl F ~flLl

waxing' th rlUre Iot.rla 'e, Tl e stripping ,1'C"W I' cooLly hllllg liP WIUlL 1.~ hdl~\eJ to be u ~,n(y record in £lIipl'ing lin II I) 1'01 Ul' low
gl'I"lLlll,

I)f

ill~iguJu
UTHE ACCESSORIES MMIE BY LOCAL A&R SHalt

"ldt1.'1',.,J~.

'11lL,re,lch

This pluuc

\ as turned

nver lu the

,'ccw uue uftlwUOtm nt nbolll "'ulule",'1 hours In (1;)1' th I: _!;Inlit sLci!ll illg: i prupet wus cuurpleted. .. Filty hour!! aI-tcr starting ~htljul>, Ull' l!(IIMn!' hiJ!l LleC'n iul~U~ fel?bl:0U, uurl ugged, IIlSiguiil

moo,

Th w:'lilting opcmtiun should be pl'~f<"'mcd .1, r""qu"\l1 :IS pructi fib! with parucclnr aUCtldQIl ~i"l!l1 to allp and wheel 1\'~1l~ .IIlJ 10;111 ul'" aces l<XplJscd to ex113IN ~!Ise", whl're corm.'; Yt· ngcnL~ cnllect, J, P(I I.i.<bi" l:' Pruonbl), th" must te.~drl)'

..

nVnjJ"h!e pulu.h ,i. IN!lr·po!.i!ll1ing

lVfl"-C()lI,-

\~ xed and the

Imd, to tll

!)~

lad been lidded. th pilot.

forming hl rp.cciI'iC{ltiOIl - "'[, Many eernmercinl nuronurbi le poli .shes IlUd1 U[QGr urn, Sil110l1iz Wax. ~tc,. prl.lb:tbl, will

-a"

pia

II

huu been

M't'''1!

w·1I but ' -71

material

should

be

~L1Ulllg ,1itl!l'd1t IUrlll'd

met hod fouud !!lllS Foil' lnvulves a pnltsh wltlt ;1 plastic bnse. .lpl'lictl willi Ul'j electric buller und ~lwe!18kin disc whiuh l1rtllllltJ(,!S 11 II, h'1'IlI.'·l.lke finish, r II fCLnO\ Ing III' Intitll huw (lll111eS,
)..!;l'emt care must be e'{(~I'('ised. lhe ;dumiflnlr~ ~'nll!ulg will h·
Ulbf'l wtse 1''"'IIII)'>'CI1,

Rcuiovul I1j cfUuouflng p, jnt I;H'()ught villi it the prolrlem uf polislliug to prevent corrosion. The IOGst prnotiral

easier to obtuin. For aetunl polishing, ther' i ee -ubsthut ful' "elhow grl'a!le.' M.,· hanicn] pun her:. lie huB\,rs will dQ the job hut th" exists possibllity of unp_pi(l.g "Iilna!l hard p.rrti Ic~ nnu(:r lin' I'llpidl~' fllvJ;11"iug pad which could lead '" ~(enNiv u1Ul1~ge,

A(ces.sories Ma.de Locally

Galley Stove Lids Used by A&R M '\ EL 1QJI(J Machine ~llt~puecessurie
bi$

IIU¥c beCll Jjuulu1llol11lt~d b)'

niJiClI'l,ll, 11':.Uu

personnel and OVCfl'OnW procurement .. BII.4ER OMM E T-At;teodvn of all diffi'1I1ti S. {III ilg 'c.l l'n~1 II II [1'0111 nccivi.tie:! up (,llllng unpainted aircraft I!!I st'mpp .d galley stu\ fl lids W:.lS U~l!J to 'n'·lt.,d 11.1lrarllgr.lph .. of T 8-44, wi1kh mak all ilt:ms l,.!.\l!!,lLllhull lJt',Hill~ 1h e gnve warning lit .... , hi1-lh rdlll' r lI\lIi". center (I_), til> bonug bar {J~ UUI.l rennnce w.~uld be nffcs6nry to keep airTl1lu1lr llalt!> of the lathe steudy rust (:2), Mft In ;I po]i~bi:d lind cQrrl)sion·lree Otln-r surlaee 1111~tes(I[ III smll~ !>tJedu 1 . COl,dJ.[1 on. Inso! n ~ n~ V,11 ti I;)Ulf III th ",dB 0 f j i_gs lun e IleNI muuulaot LJi'l:lcl Ollt oj' \lccol1iplishi:n.~ thls .ue cone ..rn~<:I, no definhe pwccdute h3!l been It:>(tlbHsh~d ~1J1n. ~{,lTl p easl iron. Figures 1, 2, .j, .5. <1m] G :1.1',", llar;LUt··]s. ;3 11m] S, Llrfl\{' , pl'3cLica:lly every commercin] uieliue h~s it!> "wn methcd whic1\ .lppears to d the jQb phu(' t 7. \·ht(mk, Ii. exle.w'on luo,
;)tisfiln.oril~, Th following
prove

're;1.lillg adJIliuuill

.orrosion

prublems.

tnti~lJl lq ecusorve

nece :;util·

goneral

comment

mav

hl..Jplul':

t . (( meW •., o] pIIJI/I. 'The <ibllrt NlwAul' ENG EQ and MAT No. 2 dOlled JlIl1Uilry
1. 19+1, sheu ld 1,
(,<,InSUlled lion

for mEul'lm)'

gil meth od~, mot rials IIl1d op ,raling conditions fiJr paiur o;U'lppehl whi~b al'l: :;tnC'ked II)' ASO I",r uSC' elf llU1'1l1a i\'ilie~, thereon, it i~ urged that aCl;h,;tiel; CII'fUiwt lI'ir.h AMC n. ill ure U~ "f nou-eoerosive

.. Rul-l&R CONJ1UI!NT- <n,m a conservalinn tnndp if1t, IJuAer cOll5ide.l' .such peacuce lugb.!y r.lesirnblc -and urge. all ilo"tiviti 'Jl CU ulili,~ scrap materials, \\'hetl~ ever practicahl , in local JDallufoourt: of flclTl'SIK'ries 10 be. used In machine shops.

U i.e

j"

desi I't·d

tUU!ie

maler-tats no[

crlYl!o'ed

I1ml pon-Itll,k

111.11ednlil.

For .. CIllO! strip-

ping ... a taliLltl~ where some 1I1ech:miOiI p srr~hhihg is found net"ll 11ry, i1 i r011-QI71' mended tbn ristle brushes or shi\l-pened pit>ces III scrap teansparent pl.r tic m:tler;al ],,, u>;cd I avoid ~JI "pa iblJity ...r :ratch· ing 1he rnetnl. se o~ stell! . T~pers, stelll \\,rol,l, !i<lndPilJ11U d~ any uther bra..ave 1\ h~ h would raldl til ;lirpI3nl"s Io,kin 15 consJd""e,d 10 be poor pll1ctlce. 2.. W <l.5hillg,. N,lVAec G EQ IU}d MAT No, 2 sh<1oltl <lgll.jll\ be (OJ1.!Ou!ted [pr il1 FQ!'llhllion 0;111 readily :waiclahlc washing

ACO£SSORIES

mADE

FROM

(';AU.£Y

STOVE

.LIDS

36

b<'f~ <It' the crew

... "'i \ \

;(,..IH

fUI[
(1

whu ~\Ir, iverl : PI.dR,· Hr.' '101\1

F ~h~ U.S,, ' P~1I1 rfiris(l dll\'S RUtift III ibe . nuth \HI~J,ing sill II> ~irll. HI

u- I'wo Iururer ruem-

phltlllrHI at II,I' delll) t:tlJ Cur ··uUalldol. hip," tlnlb, HIILJh('r Ill'" ran give forll,l'f
practrcal
lfL.i,llllj,(

1,1

10 illn:rfucs

lcurninz'

h<1,\

to sl~'" 111.'.·ht (·uII'rg:euck. ut sea, It>

BUMI' Ill'rr'
'~l\

Hu,tlIUUS'. IU" Intesl pmtLIt'L is lall W[I!" (1 I 1\1 u ~1T1I( lill(\Cer for "NJ-4 plnnes, (I devlcc which holds the 01eD in the 1'f!lj]llt 'pu('<' 1m ettlug til l{'llliioll
!irl/UuctIIHl III

th's sllttf('JI. r'J,. two arc Cone DavJ l\lt1rich, t\R_\t1c, ~JI(l Aulhmw J. Pastulu, A()M 1e TIll' WI1 were members r I'lli'
t'nt"" oC
!I

llllllN

1-

-!!1111

"I»'5"Is.
hili

pl.uie

which

became

Insl

from

.lrulO,,1 11[1 uv
1'1'

~llf" Ellr.'rpri,~< pruu LO till' first Ib'1>;lJllJon th IIh.n.haJl ami Ofnll"r! 1Jh1J1l1 .md WItS fOll'l,d dO\Y1L lit sea. Dllrfhg tl.e .'J·l clays III sen 1l1I')' 11l1.] OIlly 1\ (.~W()tHll. two lish dc'VnslatlU!! ....\J AS l.urrlcane
.".'1'

and n small bird to ('11 t, I'lu, II tin!llly luu d ~·a III Druq:wr IstulIll 1l111y !!.J '[I!)urs hU[UfC it
hit rluRIC:!, H~llI1\fI\-

ClilllTIUlllllr'l' !til 11 nev 1111 t;1m!' high '·ully.\ uuple "I 'tlfgloll, \\'I'lf' rdl,.tlOl"! hy lot. W., unmrflUfJrl pilut pf Ilw '1\:-28 I " ,,"<,,"t 111I~Y, and Ihirty muuuos lifter when II ~\'!..tlrllpal'11lg to k'l1\ I his IIIlS.j"" 1il' hlmkod 1-11(> tl~ort tUlll1,illl1i Jilt fnr hi:. l~fl~i1'(111_ Altor >ulmlyrll~ till' illl,IIlllllli.)II. lilP

Ilf"

1I1i!,tlit·

COllI"

mti e

nwurds Inl" a g!L~ tank dnlill

~lIj'llun

the u111.

:rrl'viu~lSh

,,~

IlllIl

1e{'leived

'Wild uurl

llllU;l

enter

tllrnillg

,1"\iL"C

... \J ·\S I \(:1<,."1 II I f-- BhJ~'jud,ets Irom Illi~ ~"uitlfl H'untll' ree'ived ,LII ()s in tll· 1 hlll)W tile... i< gni'lg t,) SI'III1~ <;_ir.luge, hut \Itt' vludenb, I1f )nnojnr I :ol1f'~t [LTI'! having PI 'tlllllllSt. Th e urn,' tlm L gef~ IL(. JTII ~L ),,11<% IW uJltl~ I'rlilll slulul"l< gets t). prlw of ~ IIS III Wll~ HmHk Won't you help Ibis
!lid \ ill LhHIl'lUll,~l?~ lorm ul 11 h-ur-r. II It'llj.
• "Dear $ItUllts,

'lI,"

~lIrrllt'l'<·mII

1.1l"k,'lI:

new

lV[l1

(If

1'I>lu1I1('('r h:l~ iuhl(,,1 II If' Mndllc l,.'1l1ud tIeIII luu 'III III IIIi' ~lnHnn. TJ. volunteer Il nnmcless Lah' "'!lL waddled out of n l'trhy

"Do II'1 }""' Ie ~d your l1igJ'm~~?" Sl1l1m\\I1lll LJIJU[Jla3,<lpd, LI" \\1. "sl\'Il-~d t he m tlml 1,n d"f'" ff' .J IllS uJO'eo!1S (lIT J!omdmdy doos ) 0,11(1 the Sh,p blink J.
11~

IHI IJiegCl hnrll If 1l1l.1 nnln II. Mnrrno ~lmlD pn.t tnt" unc uit.,r-·';;"":_ ''''1111, He tlrM~ IlO 1,ls ,(iI hUll "t '1]1 n I ruck
(lI~p,'tl1!'III 1'1111ur111 ;'Ild t'~n~pl [ur uue

and l'lHI Ili~ tlrllUIrr." .1'1111," blh.k",d back Lt. \V .. "mukc il h,ll' l'i_~etlll l'I?i'"
"Dill the
13:\>.

uOd,' lIf vuur

rllg(lO{j~ "llJllWd

to vi II

ifi~!~~~

"No," rulllritll'd $111'111 011 JlI111r."

"Wn

III

Ion

I,nu£ Interrnptiou hns 111'1'u 011 J!1~ ~i"rl:. The mtarruphnn rnrne when well-meouIIIg Marlnes. vhn 1 1~1 r... the vlsltnr lit d "I~ l'n~1 I'sr'rrl,1 I1I'm hI IIII! \\.~l'''\ l·dltl'

A 11) wa~, II) tll1t '\ IIIIJlrl~ rutIil1!l 10 111", lulo. record s s11!m- LlII: l"isitilll! bird f nnll~.' )llll hlwk- til ...~, (I,'P;I i ,,'(;'(}hvillc, hili IWll hours hl,lljll(l th: Ill'!it Jligrlll1,

.. ,\ Bm' 'i\(.:ji-:clh:b uIl, is tLll1 1"lillhlg ~l,.,rl "" III tft\iflll Itt IlII." fir $~lIt time although SOCI'Il( ,!llt'llpie<; much tI{ the Sp.II'" 1i1l1~ IJI British JlIIIl:1tff(111S .. huu U. Th miU.II I',!flhill team m~ .. I1lT wll~t Iack in knawJP.dg 1)1

";uy

Ihinkins:" t1le sl'lll hi~ <lllIil'

thnt
llIt!F'rs

he will remnm
to reflllTf

WOlllrl!fro on r111·1"1J~h. In~lel\~l rf'tr.ll'pd I ~I.'ll" and (JSlIJ11NI ()1I ~he nlatfm1T1, Ii is xpe led

011

dnlv

1\nLiJ Ioiivcn

to hl<: 11I:-WSb1t:101l nt 11,c

It> \:t El. r;;:;.."Tlw-Wrililig out Illl' 1O.000th monev order from the :>OleA,. p,,~1 11m,· a N~\" mull ·Il·tk iK u "I It to Ii rmsulF f(lr lit S~;III oj' nne ct'nl. :ostiuc: III WlIls, \~ I,iull Is III . tllilthllLi rn ivr nlulre~' uNl,·r,\. 111 wiII kl't'V It u a 6ollv(,lIir. Th litst 1111 uu y nrd r was h bwd In J nunury
(im 01

"r~

diamoud sport with ,11,t11fuLiS ('~-H II)JL'[-iliol'l. In f(l(.'l, t!mv 1111\'1:: I II !I 111 .\lldltimt to III lim l;,,,,orei! eume ,lin' 1lJl11l7,cS thou A m lell'I up111111<"11"- l'I~I"'lId (If . lupl/lg hilt gI'UlUU]-

~!Il!G:~.~~~1I' ri"t~pullits the

u( tha

PIli

nF lhl:' dirt,

lhe

13 i1m]s trap th rn

"lith their feel.

San DiPI!(l zoo. .. AS T.u:KSONHLlll-lIlrlll ll1ngle In tlri,~ \vM hnve lnst ill tho:' In1l1 11nw Ih",,,\'
In.'iCCP:. hul Ul! rlirllll1l1C 'nl' ,111,,1 fm

HJ·lf.l 1111(1III"[' tluu. Lilli!'. >I [(Jill! ~ hilS b!JI'1i :>111') It rvr lhem,
I\h-lIW(ll.,~-l' ig111

nf $3-11'1.tof
Iln~

C'Xfst<,d rm hark
ht"re'll
!l

nf tmes
nf

anrl
hpw

thr

It> 'l' \$

!!11lt1nl1,

ill

I he slillPl>
"lllli

ill 1111' mi(l.II(·

dt\pnrllllt'lIl'~
~1Irlll.,lllrls

..,. N \S P ;,r:OI v--Emplcyes of til .'\&.11 ~llllp.·IINI~l'I'll.!l>wll'd n·i1ILY by wriI'ldllg .111 1";\('11 hour wilhul\l j;ll.l.)' til shnw their ,,1IppOrl of ! hl' Il(Iy~ \,'J'lI' mud lll~' l!U\ding'$. \'1l1'tn~' IllI1.h·]y !!,i'lrHl pil 11 ill1l ..Tt1)1hW~ on th,' rlilY shU'1 ~lId perccnl of the uighl
,111ft WUJ'k,f'd

'i,,!>ldllll'l1 nlgl,~

trlle

dllr','
"\1

bv i\ 11 A \1 \ 11C IIOW Ilt ihis stillion w,,~ 1I1i'1ll~"'r of L1II' illgl'J I rl'lI'"
hllflfl<'T) I nh!lut frwf hfll~rJ;IIllwnii wl'f!n a 'PH" t.'Il'\ !'lnlWIi

".Iar1 fiB

~,'rni' \'<4rd. is

""hn
of

Ollj

dlll1 irS :since it wonL 1nto O[lETuuon IilsL J;UlthlH'. Tt I~ U!it'c1 ['I mrll airp!L11I(' ~1'fIl.P Into lI~gl)lb. I i'n:rtj sltivrUl'lIl of til .n.g"~$.
IhStllfld

.It'·'I.1,, ,.tHJ<l

It wpll

111ft·f

iog 1,1mlt \VII"'''

or

Un

l·~II'.1

on

11t'"T.

lot~ti"JI

I hr ,,. ..w ronlrlrhld B (]f'sl:t'lYd n I1d tlm1' IIII I htl ,'mlnd llil the')' h1\d :.,,, hrnml. '1'1 1';' rt'pitirt'd lh,.. nil IpRk, }llli ill
1

at ~",

'"Ilk

'I1l('r~ wn~ TI(lihin~

l\'

fin Gil ~n hut h",l

ot

b.,lky

S":~IlI', ~(lvt>-

vlllunht" "hLplmlge>s .'rIl1

In Jill ... I( is pl1hl!'!ll~,d twil:e IJlnnlhh lind carli!"> a ('f11l1l'lcll! ('iltendar of ,·;trious

.. N 0\,,, SA.'>.' 0\111-1 he first IS&11(1 SIIIlf/l/. III JI(!""~rl!"ur. Ulade Its- fl"hut fly

pillg

I. IfilL The 1l1dtil1P; lmit 1:ec('lltly f'orrllllH{('d lls [I lllllf luillioll 11111111lillof 1Ilwlllt'~lm

SJ'lI('f>. lfilll~PI' tnlilill

IIPlhhl'-" .. 'Ii '\fi \""'flllf>-l!:l1!1.1I1BmS workl'lg IIH' ilm!liury air Ueld (ur Ihi~ 'I~(illtl
"111I~hll

Ill)
. II'

ill~ll(s.

'Iillil

Cti"Ws 11111 II

sahrl oil illid Oew b~C'k to thr hnJl(!.

... i\[CAS
~ltlJ'\\'t-A

.... i"jA.\S U!10~SI!'" Fn 1.Il- J"I," III. Mllrl'h. twb ~IM ijtUlllfId [11111~" 15. h.'lIlling !JlllJ1, J.li'QrlLl! 1UNlIlllillC J!I'I,,iTig scm wl1l~r iJll().It Il1'tg(:c. frl'sh,wlIter pun! ('ru! flf this _,I,I[jIlI1'S \&11 Dt,pal'[;uwlll, ouL in U'I" t.lnjll\·B dm1tlrt was nil 11 I1W!I III I I'II~ ft'f'f";wd 1I1~ tbl!'d 1·(t~11 IIw:,rd rnr ~l'["IIf' III Lhis ~ IUlln r<,~elllh' l'11~ !tl'uc:rH1 c1{,li('cS 'WIJJ;lrmt('(1 111' impm\'ud to t'x!p<'di{p
\\ ,,5

mlds.

aile

! lIn IIIUNliultnl"l cli~!"il~"'l".l t1ntl'n:!in~ I,irn ta til.;, ~wl\Inps. rill'V d(id~It'J \'~,'1JlIsL iI. Imwt'I'C!', fur r(·[(,1'
.,1,,11('

Lells {If baJil'!! l1l11luwu bY' 11'1111n1!lldlllntlkil \,illl anu FcHow mi'ght- tllk~

hutil~

l\):llliJl~t

!:IT'lt

llic

IItlll'

('1

"1I1l11mUin.1! tlml,nl

l1air\\7cNl lind III por,1 was tIl 1':11 I nlillillf! t;'1II1. l'hl' ~<'ll \ Itl",

"me r of
II

~Itlr·

hil1l nIl
..
lIwllt

nl

or

lite

Ililt~f'I'

>;

fT',m tlw 111,

\V t'11Jn-

1111' S

rJ

DI

'1(1

"lid WIlS ·'1I1b,lli,

"fIl.t' f1'(I)1)

Ilf ,1111' ,WI' III whll'!. lill' IIItI t '1'tom The lftllk 1;; OIl! l1l1J\' Mnrill' I'MII "" II" \Vl'slnl1~t Iltnl f~ "l>\Plr,{j ",,'hll'lt!11 ht. II

1",11,,·..

IJ"

hus
fret

It

Illil ~!dC5 ~,." ,:!lllSSlld-in.

~lr~1' !Irl'!l"ll rnlil" \\ilbrllil !lill:trs. Illul T11E' hlilk i~ 75 llv ,"10 OIf'tl")";, \vllil ;I Vi Inn! 11i~lt

'AS Ilill ~WJ I( Til" 1!';;)'{'IltlUII dt'1)arlh!l~ hod 10 pin ('I U lillie limit of 24 hllllr~ 'III w"II);.lilys 111ld S 111)\111> Oil \\r,. k"'IJ~ t'pr III rrn \'jlll,\ Us fishing equJVtlI Ill. so ~n'll' is Ihl! demruld 11\1 Shllillll I -ank \\uliolls. ,\)t1lrlll~l~ g,mdlv 1~111I111('r~ ('lin b(' Stf'tl Willi 11)1'11 Iblilillct.t g'1Ur. hlltr ... ll tl! i t LIt' sl\nle. Ink!" fI" !>1:r'l~Ll'\I, II)_] OIII.' ·1)1'(5 vot

IWJ'u
j ~ ;,

~Ut'li llllrryhlg

ml'~tf'rr tll~ I

'1111)

IWllle ,villI 11(1s1J. 'Jihi~ n fish ("1,,1.1 ,01"p.

37

III 1111 tj:irplnut: [(wtur;, ami brmlglJ:i. lo.gdhfll' i I I men I f(lill 111I ljil!'l~ (,I .111.[')1111 IIJ l.ilJllipdt' III 1;''-'''11 Hlill iruHnUl1l\1 tnals 01 ;'('t'lll~al,i"lIml i\kil,l~,
hit'! ~lir .lill1;'IIi'~C nrndne-hnn mi'"'I'1\b ~...,.- ",11 11ll{hlhht~ t,) ;1('ll,1J11" ill suppnr] <If 111(: ";H Ith. I' l,tJ, n lIlml·rut!111 <'I ~ "L ste .. I IH.t! sll'l'1 nr, IUUllciIi11,j! thl! drlve, thl! Educntlon \If ul., Inl' N Ilnlw {II i'1w '·1,[II er all~l a '.'ul, :' "Jl'I\,~ In Hl·lf~ f.,ll .;11<11'1III qlllllllS ~I't h~ i'n,mjpT I Hrl,'1n T"ju'" gil> l'h:n ..11'I,l. w:itll wur ~rhlllli"h "ml silid 11101 th~ ru"pwisibil·

P'HOlOGRAPHY
Shortage of I d·mm .. Film Magazines

'%

-Ttl

Am
l{:

}AJ."','NE!<.lr. Mlui;

"r

-fo J.M'W JIIJ}a.n hi'll: lauuchecl ,I dove

OIl('

('\i

!If ,nO

lron

shll1,;1 it'S JII'tll:h I" t io n) .. on:' in I IN,' rOll'clH~ ",,,Iy percent lil;. f.jwlhl lor the rear.; irnu ,,!lid nrt.:. p"n:f'111J ,·br"llIil In I, 72. Dt'll."l'nt; ruul I'ro'

,I',1i!li!

'''9th11' • 10

sq

illllgslt',J,

51-1

p, ,n'e"I.

'Producuoa

01 !nun-

!tnll~~';

hy ~ p"H,,,nt. t;l"

"I'",

,ll"ur

I'Sl'(I~·d"cl tI'l' II~IIt'i;'[ ql1utn

fi -'1"<,

~l.\M;U[lIII"

~I'arnill~

lIJl!H1Hil

,\Tlitfd

l}("P;!-

Unll~1;l Stall,s wlll l1\ilth,!!t, ~u pW~j~1 III Ilkkc'1 and to CllI!S~ dlsoord and SUI1pit'inn .nnrn Ig Ill!' E,I"( sint i,l' pl" IlJlflS." 81101.:(';:. men ulsn .1!bWk.lld tilt" Allies' "rl'Sl,rl tu Ihr 'divtde Jtlu rule' flrinciplfr."

iI:!, 0 !moll r\uOJ·LE'.:I to rffiidctlfl; '1f m'!.lIp,,(·\1 1\,lunc;\luri:1. "Brualn and tlu
~nthL

~lf trltIllr:rrlJtl:l;, ~Iddp tl.t, lhunght:s (~Tl·J Ih e~ (It" 1I.e p.... nple, f'~11'1"In.lly 1111' LO,OOI),. nUll .nnddhist h",lJtwlH~. harrnnnize n f1',.m tun] illdplflitllhlll 1,IUHIUIliI WII~tiill1!Snr.~" "'nil [It'rfn~t ~l)i'fj-!lw 1 ,,,1(<1 (1r;"'. lind tllll~ Imn1-t about CUJU1,[o[Jml 01 Iht! inurcl1s,' of
II !II IIi ugal n'l Ig.lll,"

The lhnmmu ror Illm 1(}l1ded in lfI.. un, n masraztnes, tvpl1' A.(j ar,,]' lYTle C. ht!~ b0t~'III!' su gft'lil lhut the 1l1111l1UtilC!lurllr is tries or the rl'1i~ous men nrc "hcavv aud tlllnLI~ 10"Tit!!"'! it. WLilu the s~(priy' (If l(i. l4N~IJtt' una, n 1111 Jl~elf is urlli\,'a I, lh(l $uflply ll! - "'rIU(' \ nlne "f I'll{' (!til", 1'1" ~ITI~ugth!Jn IJj...mlll. uruJlllI JiulgTI;O:i,lf''s l'll\, wh ie.l I l:1uo' I't' Ii ginu dl111l1g the. war 1~ l.\lf, 'uI1Jl_g ~ Jl lilrn i~ to) 1)<>pl';lI:,cd i~ !;l\'<'n rnnre Sf}. '1llllrllJrs~ J hOpe" thlit mliginm nullO tll<'l]1~ Hul\ur, Uwrefurv. is eUl>1ll11Ung lu >I,p~'b' ~.,h I<S will ~I.I('w Ilti.Jir f,-"Sol" In tht) nnity till! muuulacturer witl! 6.lllply Hmg".Jol1:illlI!;
{I\'(,Jl I',"lop!

I'

rl1

thou;;!·' lhe! are damn ged,

'[J'll!

re-

wil]

.fi· l!i

-1'(, JA" \...'i • \.L ,I J'ully rlI;:llIgll!,d Iv ~IHI! III,., hrnue I run I I') IUf;lIller pl'Oll'l rdil111 "Il'm I~, LllfJ J "l)1Hlt:<~L people "'IT~ WII rued 1110t II If' Ullil(,J Slul('S urnl \.11.l>l1 Bt.ln.(u l,ml duu 1,ms.t1'ult!rl "II "lnlImlif'l!~ to ell('i til(> war III ~

''II

.L 9h1.1ILLltt-It ." (,r

.. Hllld

Iy

enounh,

the tempo

·'f>~cinll.1' It I nll'lu,:.,JI," 'r].r,r-e was no iudi t;.l'tinlt as in what 1,1'liuf"ur-e Uli~ t'llm'<,!\~IOI\ nI Spillllin;?: ('ql!lp' men t WD111 rl "II r1\ 011 f he J IiP(1!1(l/>{l tt' \ti I,· ludustry. whose prcductiou output bus ,1ItlSCtl ~<J!ll!) eoncern 111 J l~jJ:lIJ. A I\:w
n)f)ll(h~
'(:nll~jl1!!

"r .Mg:1J ~IUJ'I.111H'·"" e,f J!LI"!J ,'~ "1.11,," nun-luues n~~('ht'illj! m!'n.,.IINI hll" 1:ltl),,:. anrl 'i~hl'r lypr.~ 01' 11ll1dliJ11l b'/I,ll< iI! !!U(1l1hrt ta ~h.'1' Ill' JdP:III'" war llrlU!Iwtirm,
~1;i1l11hlg

-To J"I'UI

N. y_ l1mse aetill it!as 111 lhe 1'!JeUJ.. Oceu 11 l\ rea may return thoir eXC<;'liS nl'uJ:.lrt1rinc.\ tn N:wnl Air Sfatioll. Pearl l laebnr, frl~m whicL l'lIinr Ihey wiJl be r...,hlppt'd t{, fu>dlll,>ler, tTl aecerdance with e xislinp, [nstrucfions.
RQllhe5tl.'f,

Il is ff:q l1e~l(!J tim I e I' eO' tla nd unit 1~'jddTl tIll' eoutinentn] limus which hilS I!'!I"<,COSSeml)ty mn,gnzhlf's ill ii, POS~,\,-~,(1t[, J'I"j IIl'n tlll!llI as tlTl}n1plly £l:.~ rms~nilt" hI Ihr.l 11esir!","t (l1!ip(':C1tllr nf Nn,';\1 MMerial,

with lresh Il.lm.

of Hm rnagaziues, the jnnuulueturet l~lN)lldilitJIl them aTll1 rdllnd them

Pock Kodachrome
.\11

in Aeria1 Film Can

report
Oil

interesting

this

subject

[hetr ud\,Hlt,/'" has nSf'll nuutclv," A (I!"{~1'1'1 W~" I,ti-tlo'll h) fllt' "I' Hre erfJwd. "WI!' \ildl:;:l' I" IIJlIlt: nur spirn~. to g:ivc utu ra~lhIIII llPsl, I\l hlil 1111'1owl! Jill! 1'1 pnsh nn rnward Hit ~.I.r!!!lgLill'lIiHg (If ill(' fl-\!hHul,trIJ'\\'l'_f lIu(l lh", l ..nl~l\\t,g I,r III"
AI,gl,). -\11\(''1'1£..1tl~."

ugo , "lex-lilt'

hIlHlel'r'I'ks"

were

"djtnClll~i\;.~"

r,'r.cell.

I£llm1nuliul,t the b"tlknt'L,h was snid to !'It" "considered .llJ1L1UvrOf IIl'L'W,~itv:'

111 !<Ilppl~'lI!I! J!1,fllll rose

T1l,wuL!( I U[""r~ m\l~t f'~l;.~L.u~(dc 1111 tllI"'I' tjhl IdfJil~, lUlJ at nil {'\I~l:> 1111Ip1.1) ,h"<'IIg_:lhl'lI J.ljJ,ll1\ pI'I,d'I('btl 11Cllfl1ll. T l'wrt' il' th e q II 'w1i rli" ,Ij 1111: di~y,
Up I•• ll(''''

Ii;

t?

-Til

J\~'\"'" "J uLJu l1e~I'!lnH~

~~'\~Il i, ,f"I'[(" wl·,)P'II'li. fllJlJh· il"iJitl:(inr'il· Ibt>

lOur

llleu

IllI'" ;11'111"

IU!<.J1l

lip:ht!I'll

:-.(iL L!lIf, lC'hlT' 'r<

"';l'W ··llf t'~c.'ll'·II,1 'il~IIJit). (I,ll· p1ml. S ....;;0 11tl\~ t:lrllt!'I('t,,1

luI v,' Pf'ldHrl'd ,\ t illIlSI tt'ul!~(' we

was mild!" h), .i"'II~'1l.1 Tl'ield Medit<al 'Pj,<ltngrtl\lhit:: H II it ()pllr~\tfillt ill ;J. tropical ar('u. They have expose...1 find returned W I1uAer 11I'e:r :!:.'l() rolls 'If 16-mrn. Kllunelimmc film withont Ills~l\f u vingle Tolt. 11 wai> Ionnd ll.m! caw. for 1,;II,l" l( 75' I"wrial filil) wnllirl iwId len 1'1I11~ nf Kod".dlr<Hll~. '11w cans aYI;! strom: and Ug,IJt, uno \.\1111'11 waJed wlUI '\WlJcrpr,j(,r adhr.!I'!vc lapr. may he im"wl'~ec.l In wuwr nr ~,poscd, to lOfl'I'~ltial rain \v.tthout {bn~1" It.. tlu: IIlin. TI,l;' raw s~..,uk is [h'Okr'rj III th" .'1).1,S und lift .., ~!CflOSllrl', rHlInl.td Ii, H,~' (:uns, Sll1l'fI gel I" lleld!)d rl$ rt I,vgrosU/lpic 1Ig<.!TIl- The '~H! i<:~f'Jlkd will. w;)i('<rplOof r,dlw,-h fl tilll1 TllhJ.l11ecJ h)l the fitst!:'l1l lral1~Jl(Jrti1UIlt' 1I\'~!lI~,hk, IIf [,)tlllJCS~illg. J
Ctlrp,

..

'n,' Iwu!l"

,[uuie, ..un! make a Jurllwr 1>II"0rl 'IJJ vatll 11m "tl,·.m ill lhf t('uiIHiI11.I '11':11. SnvPwsl' WI"' l!.'H'Eo 20n pjlll1CS 10 III( "!lflflY\ .~(JjI
'U1J dut ~10 ll'11~1'lt ,l(lw11
ll~

2un

1)[ til\' IlHUfm ,

thl'- ul1wl" lOO .'U\'III\1 br! nqmhiug- iJllt lW~i!i()lI~ I h~' rlluful.J d,,'sLr'lI) ill!! [lUr prt>dl <.:[1,,,, 1 ,I ,,'.-th. I(, IN ,II ),,,lutd), "SJ;C'ntf ill 'h' 1I1)~~"'S
!II" TlH;'1111J1l1lti pJnnrn< ('an

i,.
Star Identificatio:n
A,
(I

.. BItAER COMfHl1NT--N""t and Ma.i ..c C.,rnbilt PhClcog.rap.h'.!'" Ulli.I" w.e a, .-lln illl.r mIJt.h oclF?f ""posed Ii.] m. If i'ia ~iJiC;1 gel i~ i1v,,-It.. bl~ d.t"ied rice. Ivhidt .h<l:s been wnrm"i:j h:l an oven ~." rcmove ""(!_~ss
~'Qis(urc, wjll be ·snfiSI"f1:ory.

..

5UllO.ri,~ri" ·i n nmnhel'sl'"

... I!:xcdlent nlutjOTl Vit:ltue,s Lh\'~ hUll II 111 \1" Ill' ll,c :>'hui(l(' •• C\lJ1!!ml Ph!.)!". tills ~;.{)W'lllg til' [HII n.:1'( :tr(d 1la:r:slr.lll l~ltllllls

T ) hJ'~w The Cl1l1mllllld~r·i!l-~1 d' LhO!J'lll" II!!! nlll',il' ~nl1lbill,>d fleet h~.• h"'t'll klilcd iH .ldlm, II.· ··.lied ,II hiq t",,1 !Ii ;\llIfl)1. "f Ihl~ } ,"lr whll~ di~t'!'ll1lg g!!!I<ftHI J!V....·ulillll.S I }mlll Ill) llillJ,lnne ~l t~l~ Crlllil"

fi Iii

invaSIOns. Smnc of J.h~~,':.rre' the mo,~t mrt·

••••

staillli"~ lJi(>!'l(\lU pid\lte .• Ill. aNtlll1 ~·t\lrnbllt I"",;T In.. d(·, 'rht, \~11111" u1mt. IgJ;ll'her~ 1Il(II'r:. right ill with thL' 11Ilnd::l[j~ trou[l~ 111Jd 1I11'lr pii,! Ltr"~ IITI" IllJ(,kc·d wil h rldi"l1,

Tu I AI",,,,,I!$J'

\TlllioI.~

C D £ [AIISWI!'5 on pcg"

em,.,!l

dmlt1~ (In wm·

Til!'

" TI'le hll"Sl :lltl'JII13t III ill~pl'" I!II ill ,-,r~'fI'(' in ""lfr jl~I'([,IL'1 i'lll WH~ >l tW'I.dllJ "">Iltf'~t flU" t~'l1W!llr'r... i'h(~tlll'I'~ III Jd ~'V)II lTIUII 1a hili" I ~ j", ~Iu "II' III"IT SU}1f""'"1 f,J.I,II~ c",l\,'~l
[01"1,.

Arl" 1,., tile r,;lgg;,gr ~~1I11 [hHtlJl nL UIII: 01 Hs nirJllnll~ !lll'''' tl1 1111' !Jrr!!llcill,!! 'If II pliQ.L1' jhl~11 hm 1]1 lIa!'l'j~tl i11 H tin,· ~\'I(g\".'~ hug!;:rlg!., JJ tlr'l!lWri\ !ladled [qr

.. II, '\"'1111>

,I

~'''I:J.Illl",rcinI

n.ld(.n~ exp!:!.cl-

.!r

[I

4tH

eOU"lll'l\;W

s!'I,ipIII"1I1,

ill

~(!l1l(hltd \'IH'~

V1'1{'"

011 till;' gT"!lI,I!I~

ha¥.il.l"d 1'h1~ tJiffi('ully 5{'(>111S ~Il h,w,' b~, rn.used rrtll1' loose bulhs 111 11\,\ luggagB.

floliH('l".'

.!hc;.~t. hlJnis

.dn

iII,l

lrr':""jll

"

38

with lifes[lviug <I~ltl Crrst aid. When emergencles nriso, there's nc time to gu fIJI' the book ;wp study tIw si(1.Jttfo 1I QITOltgL. It's oft(-'u .1 case uf now or never for I the victim. Know what to dCl Ilnu how to do it. Test yonr
kllnwledgt' r I,Irf..ET'I"l":!' wi-til tbl~'1C1)1ICsHolIS.
[-'HI, 'Of \' ,~, \~

Q
,

UICK TUrNlU.N(;

and a cll"nr head go hand-In-glove-

thou hun to pag~ 4S. a I ..

I .•

Ql 1)1 1,'11,:11 \ P.

'~'".A ,..." ~ \

~'1

,wr

3, ..••..•.

6 •..••

, .•.•

1 rill

39

A' uud

!>NDWl.1!lDClID

[IS

thr- world's
are

best lorl}('do
lLlllOn_g;

bnlllh~'I'S.

£l.ffiF

allJ 'l"Fll'.lADlmgcl's

Ih(, most

rugged

versatile

1IltJ.lIl1l:!db~ 'lIlne

Si nc tilt' the Anmgel' Ilrst Well t 111 <lotiOil. it has t!l)T11 p~k'd fI. to fOl1l1itlllb le combat record. T! l1t1s Il'(t :t trail of ~ll!ps unk or dumag <1, blasted enemy grollnd Installation' :!JId (though its SJ[ns are IJTinHlril. dAt"t'nsi\,(') aircraft rk -wned III tilt' ,1ir :'l nd s Ito, II P uu tjJ e' qrmmd. 'I'll' .rturunull·de~ignecl and built .[ Ali' ;tI,d i twin, th TCllt'raJ \fotms·l)1liIt Tll"\I, (II huth lroru carriers and laud hast's, III ndultiuLi to IOI1)ut\O hornhiug, the}' are used for ldglJ altitude, ~Iit.lt' mid skip bllmhh1~. anti-

combat airplslIC-s ever huilt. They nrc Ilj the world's Iinest sinlll'n .. ti III a little mor ~h:oill two yeurs ago when

subrnariru, \HIrano alld . nLltill~> 11111 [0 11]1"1'10011 "UIl!' 111.in~. II('Y l,uH' llnwu a,U;Hinst the) japs ill aI! tlw gr("ut ruids and air battl s ill the Pacific-including Midw~y. the BismuI'ck Sea, .lIadalcllmd. Santa ruz, r\'IUI1Cb., B(Jugtlill\1lJ • Babau I, lnrcus, Wakc.T£1f\I\Va UIL hE ilhert Islands. Kwajulein alii I the Marshall lslaurls, Tll11, Saipau alld Palau. Allcl the A r-llgel'.'il also have played ap(il~'lIl rol' in licking G(-'1"I1HHI ubmartue pucks
ill

the" <\tlanfi(
1>Tl.-,\[Uvl1i!ll_

while

J1:LL:lrdill~

Im'gl:' '\l!il:'d

(·OIIVOyS.

wcll-nrmored <111(1 ca.ny-iug loads ,1S as those of many lnrger bombers. tit '\t:eH~e" has tlw lowest rule of I()s~ or ilJl)' plune Iu Illj· fO:rCI'R. workhorsE' of the Flef't, the Pl'tlgt'r Is ·()tnbat-t('~"t~'d.

W big

THOROUGH TRAINING READIES PILOTS AND AIRCREWMEN FOR THE FLEET

jug Ill~ t!llt'm)' nut! retnrnlng Oil seherlule is nut only the t'hl1md'l' of Nm'}~ pill Is !u1(1 ait·("·~\.vm(lnbu: the tr~n[ng Ihe)' ~Wl belure they gu illll, t'(J)1!iJOll, IL blke!i 18 I1lUUUIS tn ll'UUI un At'C11~6!1' pilot. nine nll 11t'hS (0 train an airerewmnu, When he reaches vs fi;lInj nr S.AS J.rt, L ueler lale, lhc l wn .:ili statioI!' p ,clali:zing III th l1'alfLlllg (Jf torpedo 1I0011herHghlillg men, tho student pilot is ;~ veteran of mnra Lhall <I yeur ul l-r(liuiug and more than 2(10 hours ill Ill€': air,

Iras sllocd and nw~ g1l1illSr radioman T to ~et piltjt rl!a.~onI1c."nnd proved so ~1Jlywuel'e-'lud bud, ,1J,lldn. But Ult' 11 has eU'e"til'l' ill IrnnbnsrilE . VENGER UCU1Ul. ,lUnl1I1lCIH, I'll

e Jut. b l 1] lhrough I:lJgtl truiulng, has won his \vIngs. ant] operntionnl training gnu' Illl to d velar his skill as a comt)a~ pilot. 111~ground school studies include ncrol U/o.'Y, air combat tnfornmti()u, bllInbing. ~ouunuuientinns, r,ldi • nil radar, .. uavigatfun a.wl instrument nightS'if! the Link (ruiner, (,lug!TII·:crin~. gunnery, recogt itiun nnd Fleet operations. In tht' tI il' he flies OIl fumiliari211ti~1flItUJ1S alone ill the 'l'lHo' nUll go!' UII to flelu t'!llTier landings, (ol'm:ltiOI1 II iug iu three-plane sections nd six-plune divisious, Individual and EUm},lliOll torpedo altrwks, JliglJ altitude, glide .iml skip Ilflmhillg, gUIIIIl'l;Y runs and the tactics empJn'yeu du!'ll~ uctunl cornhnt,
ill

ITlE\' MI''':'! tlltlll"pilols ,t( s l iaml or NAS }·'t. Lauderdale, the Allenger RirlXe\';rl:m.'!] al 0 have had thorough PI' limlnarv h::tining. TLey l,.we been I:hrongh hool camp :1'lId Lhe, ha.vt' hflll lour aud 1\ half months of ~Il 'j,Jiled Il'al.uing tl a aval .\11' Technical 'I'rainlng 'eatol wh ich q ualifles ouch student if] ODe 1]£ Ilrree sf!l;lci.tl.Hc$...liM. q I or A \u.r, Jlhey have r 'I.:ciwd I.Ilt'ir baste gll11,lltlry lustructlo» III 0I1~ of thr Naval \iT unners Schol'11sat Purcell. Yelluw 'Vat r, 01' Iollyv OOd, the latlr 5p 'clulizfng ill turning 0111 !:(u!ll1ers exclusively frlr NW·S ami TBM'l<. In the fintll phase 01 training the)" coutlnue with ground school studies aud go 11 to learn to U1.I:tl iJ'UF' gults 1111tl equipmellt ill the nil. It I hi III air th. I they develop [ltc' nll« coerdmatiou of thA (~)Ulhal LOOill.J'onnd crew rrniuilJg i~ uhstlllltl1ly essential, bi.it there is 110 ubstitute II) uerial expenf'm'l". -HEi'I

41

AGAINST ENEMY FIGHTER ATTACKS

S undee the direclJou
TUtJliNTS

GOOD GUNNERY PROTECTS AVENGERS

..\.if Cunners
hl

Ii~ stud i\l~ li]J5u(l1 and l'IldiIJ conuuur i1utt-illj II>'~.uIJ rtlC\')~nitiUB 01 :dl'umH alld ships. He al'io hi4'l a duily periml .,f .lti~lf1Iies. n:1uld tn-haucl e<jmhul f.)t ,'iWilllWJug and water ~,tf~r;y. On
from NAGS hu wears the nil, gurLTI~r's Sh.H!V<:l insignjil, He knows llis gHLI~,'but h .. ~ fII)1 Y"'[ all neriul gqnllel rea: ty lor com ba t, "AOS gmuu;atG..~ move all tu !In' second stnge tlteir op <'1,1,!;i111l~11 tnlinillg '11 ~ ,\S \1I.nn i (~I"\l MI [71. Lauderdab-, rhl') uro d ivid cd in III ~I;j_uadreus of 20 rnen ('hlllJwsetl til' I\\<11seclimls Dr 1.\:'11 nu-u, Thtl All r's ill uru: ~f'.eti"'l1 bl~t'omE' ;mcli( I operntors wliu U\luh!.e as tunnel gll.lliICI'S. TLv AOM'S ami grudulllioH

get their Iirst taste oj' ..Irce gUllllery at the l'uval Sehnol, IllHmlug HIe husk' hllldum"lIhllli ~Jf nfHctlr~ \\liI11 yt'tl'r,~ gullllf'l')' fJ:.'I'tn;-

or

euee,
NAGS

Ih", firl>t two weeks Ilf the five wt'Ilk-~.' course al Hullywuod, [or Il-x:,tlTlJ.::ile, the ~tlldel11 leam~ Iht' b;,IS.i(:

or

elements 01 sighting and I)rdwmc.:e,

J1~ heat:i Jt',c:tur~li

Oll

c"MM'S

t'ooleo Mncl!ille GUIiIi-l1'lJruillg. how

sjghliIJg aml pructic;es sigliting in til 3·A-2 s)'uthetiu L-rruiu:lJ In which, with .1 mnchine gun "Ilrlug'' n herun oj' 'light, he "shoots down' planes Jlying I.lCl'US;;- :1 movie screen, At the shutgnn range he sheets ,~padL~rip anti LUfl'el-m<l1Iulcd shotguns at iucollili..ig illullip!e-,Iugle ci.!I)' plgeon .. IC;l.Iuh).g Lll \ track und leud lL moving target, III hllSie OrdJI1ULCC. Ire meets tlre un ~ ,50 eal. BAM gtl.ll&---Bmwni'flg .\lJtoflJutic All'-

man und a tuue.l g.I.JJll1er are <'lssigll~\cl tn ('ud I pllot und llit1ir I.rninirlg as U {'OllllIUl I~dtn begins. Arter the- Ilr~t wt.!~k 91 thal.l<ight w()t:ks' course, em·!. combnt team ~pelld.~11 haH-day ill ground ~d!ool nnrl II IlflH-tby ill the :lir ev('I'} work duy,

in the ~lJcolJdsection become turret guuners, A rudi0-

,ao

tu

and care for them arul how to fL them when they jam, He x also sunlies !Hl'lUlWtil.i(lU. siglus I\U~ elect-dl'al S\"lldu"$, [1;'111 bolh theoretical (UlJ PrHcticllJ ungles, In .tht· tbiwd week, tIm student guoo "{ move ... IIp til the per£OmUUlc.erang~, HeI~ehe learns more :Rlnulceo orwlllllee, itJcltldlng bortlsightiHg, further practice .ill stripping and in fi)";n~ multuuctiunlng guns ,I.fld turrets, FinullY,witb a wellrhNelnprkl thN)l"tltical Itnt! prl'l(·t!I...ll knowledge . lri.. ~ weapons, the sl'HOeJ1t goes to the Aring Iine to develop hh, marksmanshtp. Fie A.!'t's t\!uu!:iaJ1ds 01 rounds with the .30 aud ,sn cnl, guns ,II hoth rnnving and statlonarv bIIg;et$ frqJll both moving and stational)' platforms, thus looming in prae-

wClI,k till." gnus, cl~"JI

guns .1110 t he ,;rummnn 'I nrret , udvuueed sighting, Il()sitiull firil'lg, 1I!1I111IJnilioli lilludliug, aircrulr bomb~ and fU!>~s> well \l~ tltu-cs. lights, "lllukl' sig'LWl!.. !Cl
IlI1tl ,,''i('} \C1I1.

G tueir .Btl

IIO;'T'ltJ Sr;HOL).L.

lor aircrewmen

inr-ludes rnrrre work with

.md nerial phologf4Ph),. illg with

I he mainteuuuoe,

Tilt.' studeul

getli

<I

hornb und

peclo checkout, radio checkout, (II the nil-" \VJ.tllull'h

englucertng
I!ft'WUWH

llLStl'lldiou
and

clo,u-

Ulf-

construcfion

dlt(r<\derlliLiCl<
spt'lId 11!1]}-du~'

pllors, llw

Dr

lice the signliligal.ld

t.rao~ing problems of fret' gunnery.

periods on thl! UUl' with the plane cuptuurs l~!IrIUJIg rBI' lUuil!'t0t1uHC"". Th~'} cnntinu« (l!!;.il sIudy 'if l:tll1ml'll!icnU!l.ll~ <llld receive radin ins~ml'li()n. h. !tll !m, rhe gre, md and ill tJ II' ;Ii,., Out at the guunery range em u beach along the At!antk Iht'y fin' ril(~n' H,uu:~(lI1d~ l1F 1'lJllllrls ,It II sll'll·~\' t,llg~1 tllw!:11 at '>arying speeds, angles and allilllde.~ by ,1 m:t-'_ III the ufr, tlre shn.itllit'l> fl.) on !IIrpeclo CUlIl;, pl".lcHtc higb

ELR,Ut.'\,s to snQ.I,.'1;l lulu the .LJ:m()r·phll~(l Cruinmun terrllt and to ap erate itwit Ii slmer] and ~rn!Jotim eli"; \\I biJ e using the Mk. !J relleetnr sight. He creuehes in mock-ups of the 'DIF tunnel mul learns f rem the same pusithm he- will use _iII the air, H lenrns by easy stag!}s until he. enn get hits

altitudt; skip and glide hombill!!, and get frequent gunner;. practice ill ;1ir- to-nir Aring on ,I Nleevo tnrger and in st'l':lfill~
n slick dmpp ed lil lie a , 'I'hmllghnut l'he eourse, student aircrewtnen must maintnin a 3,0 average, both in ground school and ill the air 01' III;!wasl oUI train lng, ~ I t he conelusinu of the l '(IIJI'~t' they get lim (,!lvel:ed siiv!'l' wi ugs of (·omba.! alWl'(>''\'1i len, Then. while their piluts go tn uuulher SllllitJll Inr cnrrier laudil,g qunllficnLiolls at sen, the llt'l\, ilil'cl'l'1\I1U1!-11 receive fiftef'1l to tw·enty t!::Jy,j;' leave, The; l'l,tl!fU to d'Llty at u 11l'W uust' wlH,.>re tilt,), J()iu urI wit.h thd~ pHIII!> a~~lill .unl tlk !.:UIIlJJal tpi,U II S :~ rt Ill!"Ill ed int II ~t 111,1 1'0Il~. •U;",ig'll ,;"{1 III l·tl rriel·S, d

wu

or

with the: turret mounted ,50 TIring on

at vartable speeds l.r:i1i' rahbil track,

banner taJ'get towed

ele •

up tu 60 kn\.ll5 over' Ihe )ftll1ywuod

In addition, he tets his fir:;!; illlitl'lIuliou ill lmwos. tU.rpt:.dCle.s am] pyrotechnics. And :llOllig \"i'ilh his gl1lillCry 11'uiilIug

II

-...
Inslmelnr
Oil

wulch t'S ", er 1illidmt gmln CT ut .50 Ii"]. l1,ulllhlIlL' btu I J lit'flll:. nW1W III lIullywthllJ gUWWfV ,cilIWI. Th" gUIIIWt I"'lInl~ 1.lI~·')!l.lf,,1hun,td-whip ~md ~IiIHll gflll'IV~ ,!l' (3" ,jj 1,,5.\ llaltcfl'

dll'd,.. guuners' ~

Gunnery inslrnclor

----r
Who nbserves .llu],cnlL

r
hnm Low -Dlmw

[lXllC!1t:l'

liils 'Uh ~Il'~'\(._ I(!Hll\~fuguir-to."ir gULlllc'!')! U()[J, r!uttlk'r~ {in' Ih,,"~al1l.ls df rOlHlld,~ I.. ;[ 'rtfll ;I",flt!!'ti"ll ~ln)"t'lJg

42

..

P,t,OTMAKES

flU'" 0'" SLEEVE TOWED BY ""'OTHER

PLA"'E TO GIVE TURR£T

(!,UNN.ER AIR-TO-A,R

PRACTICE

IN DEFLECTION

SHOOTING

WITH .SO QAt..

STUDENT

IN GRUMMAN

TURRET

FIRES .sO Cll_

MACHINE GUN AT 5L'E'EVE TARQET TOWEO OVER RANCE lilT HIGH 5PE.Ep BV A LOW lfLYING

AVEriGER

43

MARINE PILOT, A VETEI{AN OF PACIFIC COMBAT, BRIEFS fllfDENT PII.OOS AND AIRCRIlWMEN BEFORE ST ...RTING OUT QN DI\lISlC~N GUNNERY FLIGHT

His

IN OPERATIONAL TRAINING PILOTS LEARN FLEET TEAMWORK TACTICS or 11, his mow. F primal) pluue, lit' must 111'able- do that
ill rl l1.I,' ALI..

1II

11\1l<;~

hilitit'· 10 the Fleet, H - ulso has heuvy respol1sihiliies to his uirorewmen. The Aneliger, pllnts will tell , 011, it> Ill! Irouest p laue with HU t neks, bu l it is big und rugged und takes Rying. And lh p.ilot must nnt only L> able to II}" .he must e sble hI By u that h llllU1ts hi~ hnmbs . rul torr edges where they aren't wasted. l le 111L!~l hI.' nil (t'q,ll'l'j HYUlg urtil-

und vuluahlo unit uf til

HU' pilol 1I torped I ornher' must be nble BIJ,1 lu IUllL:h job is t(:J complete his mlsslou, After he gel back tw llh carrie]'. As (he skipper of UI1 expensi c

uruuug the erew mern bel":; ot the indivitluul pluna il1ld urnnng the plano ill a squudron. TIl\" pittll gets tile hest traiuiug UI t ol;'xperil:nwi3 unrl iT1~enuil. eun devise, Lle [enrns nnt unly W use lns fl1.IIW as .L deit~lly Wf'1I110tl, hut fl. a unit in a [11'l;'cis"ioJJ trumed 1~;uI1. TL.e squadro» !~,Idel' n,~ 11Harterb:wk dti'p,'"d~ nn him til phI)' his position with cooluess and skill.

PIli' III • SU(,K'C$!i II' miSSion un l t11 lin!s!lf t-he men in the other planes HS well !IS Ihfl lives of his OWl crew, depend ou Hlc,' pJ!ut'.'i l~hilily Itl ,10 his joll thnm~h thick find thin.

LJ.·.

a )', h has heavy responsl-

leryman. Th1s re:awres skill, tiJliiug uuu [I ~'\ml and ealouIltjng eye. There is probably no unc busier that! .1 torpedo bomber IllhJl d I.liiJlg his rtnr, Pm in n few brief umments he must 14E.'thls pluue in positlou, estimate speed and nngLe Ot the target, ch ok his own speed, altitude und uu TIe (If upproa h.
\VulL Eu!' lh Ihe torpedo UWU) aml lhen get guil1g away From there ill [1 hurry. He must (jo all titis while maintaining his I?t1sltilln in UlC atlaek Iorrnatlongoing in and in th d hmsiv iormnHoll gOillg away f;i)ril the tnrget, In combat,
timillg

ueu vers, set his turpedo dlret!lo.r, II}' true lung toltllltlgh tn gel

enem

ship to

ommil

itself in fts evasive

rna-

fll1d !'ca01 wurk is or the f'-Slit"lIce both

Pik1!

Lalldin.e Signal omcer

I lin')"

gtljlllt~

stu.dell(

I'nnil'r

tl!t,tmiqu<;

ill {iI'M mrric:r Iwfol'l'l qrlllljA(·"tirJl1~

~"t,.:lILlg. lit sea

Pilol

w~ps over llighl nlAlI )villl ht~ ~Ir('ntl,mll?ll b(lifu[Ol tllb-(llr, \ Vhlln thpy J,."nflWall Ihe de.tF!;ils of !l mission it pron mtes ~BfImwork

blOW

Pilnl,aJn:r8Wll1en diet].: 1'1 l!rIt raft heron: g(}iug up 1;111 b!l[l. They u-ir lhe wisdom ur .u periodh: chl.,('k or ull muet}' ,lqllipmCul

AIRCREWMEN DEVELOP THE SKILLS

'l (;FlO! ~ air(:r~wmnn 0 , rot by it J'rnlitMl:llJ, avia11011' nrtluancenmn or u Vi,11ioll III ueh inisl, In 11111 air, pi 1,01. JUJd lile erher ilil'tlrt>wmUI1 depend nn him 10 perform II oS])e(,ille set ,)1 tluries. Tile turret gunner. t,HhOif uu Af)~1'01 .I\Mi\[, is ('Ill 1t't'lltI'd pl'i1Jwril~, with gunrding '!Ill' IlU'pliHlQ while ill flighl. 11I1IIHllil:'!.1I·Jy llh<>r the t;tkl~·01f, Ii" dl"<:ks Ili~ gHn lind tureot hy fh-mg uud wtlrkmg them. If:;t n1il.H unction e!{,i8t" (11l."iliwl' he' must be uhle tv L'{Jrrf;WI It in fliglil. He thell ,ISSIHlleS :111 alert status. searchlng the skies afL unel fin thl' beam foronemy airern t't and ships ut Hll times. lIe main1;1111.1.{"lrr:n;llIIlJi(';1Iinn wfl1l pilnl sml tunnel grmner IImlllgh the intel'phtlUB. If attacker], be iuf(l·l~:'i the pilCH am1 mnns IIi> ,50 enl. gun ttl drivf' uit or .:Sll11('1t down the enemy. On lowle,v('] mi.~:fil)l'~, l.f the pilot gives his 01>., he m~!y strafl' sHch surface [il rgets us shiPli, h~lI\gf's alit! grullutl fIlMa!lalions. On most IUT1g IHg,hts, P1U,UllIIJIU'ly 'l"1l1Li.llg or palmi llIi~sions, tll(? tnrret ~u:nl1cr ch!1-ng(l~ positions and posts of duly with t!J{, t'lldit'lrnan-Lulll1eJ gunner. Thus he must knnwthe rudillrtlHtl'~ jill! H~ wnll us Ili~ 11\1.'11 rrll ('lllUba_l t4Hdl'IICY.

NEEDED IN TBF CUMBAT TEAMWORK f!e:u~h does O ntl:': hls raring, whether is uviali\1JJ ti'e 1 1)scalled till.)

The nlcliOfrmj)'~ job i" J11,sitlmt. Wllile in night. his Js the .f'\)~rrJrlsihiHty n] k 't/.pin~ ull radio lind mii"inl!illted eq lIiJlnl.~nt functioning properly at all times. His I..nawlcdge must hel mffilt'ient r('ll' him 10 oper te l'I'lis v!la,1 el'J.ulplllel'1t 'IS it .shnnkl he operated, fUl" .iu heavy weather or ,Il uig,hL, lie Olily hli\'e. to bring the plane hnmo with it. His pilot unrl ~11r:r(."t mnn clepell(l 011 him tn ~1I.0W his ae'l'hil Ir,oue in lilt' 11itlC'he. ..
'nIh I'BiOT prepnres to drllp hmnhs, dept.h chaTge,~ ur IIlfPC(jU[,s , t he flirt ill! uau 1111 arm fhf'1ii ~"t liml check und recheck intervalomeler, switches aud urals :lIld I(eep HID pilpt illfnh1w{l. l1Joil lie tnay Iutve til beeome II phnhlg1'llpliet :l.llt! stlUld by Ihe cameras to' obtain pletures from the 1:1Inct und cainern ~t1n. When attacked. he turns gULU'Utl' and III<lJI$ hi.'. ,30 cal, HlachiJ Ie gun in tne tunnel tu prQle('l' L1e A!Il'ug,erN l:lU und IIt'LI}'. H knuws lli.~ IlllSl~ HHN

ness-sand Al'Imger nitG'l'eWlJ11J[I knuw thdrS'-hc UlJJy get 11i:111,;df~ ZI'r(). 111 any ICII£(> tire exrl'flllwly higll 1'!ltp \1f fll'f" m!lkcs: the .SU cal, stinger a weapon whioh commands f\11I respeet fT('nJ1 att::mk:in g pi anes. On kl\l level nttucks, the
tI,IlIlJ1el rtl.u1 may ~15h 111\V(I !hp
(,fH'III{'f'

ue

tu ~lrllFe

pl(lm's 1111Ilw

ground,

Witb twu uircrewuleu wlirlr..~lJl lwrfllffn I1ll1~e vuriod hut t'~~tmti;11 dllti('~. the pilot u:p ~0I'W!l1'(1 van ff'el t'...re ttl t~rlti tl'l' his flyin~ ilnd hill fl.tt:wb, safe in the k:tlflwled~e th[tt tIl<' piHIlC t~ \lIe11rnanned uud l'i'\I\t"cted ilgniw;t ;m~ ':H'nt Ihllity TIll' ptl~L Il1LI~'t ]'fe' .. hie to cil'pi:'lIcl <11'1 lIis "I'~'IV ul ,1.11I inws .

Aln:rnwmen
It
1010)'

It'nr~1 1(1 lond !'~r_ped,,~~ ;111<,> l'ap:ldnll.~ bd!, Ilf '"Hi'. I", pn rl nl II", d;IY'S wnrk \,,11"1] Ilwy Il<'l ("IHr' ill the F]tl8l.·

Aircrewll1an w:Drks
,L"fll1hIT

nn lim' nnrler II'at('hf III "}'" Olf pl,llI(> ell.lllnill 1(1 n knn·wIRdg "f til'" tllnml11'jO tri"nd-hi,~ .... p<1Wr<t plnn~

45

!III

Division
I\lhlnne

vi ((I'1k<lp lunubcrs lilt' llV(" II ~lIh'l1a!,hw plCltrol. Till' .Atl't'!lufli hil.I luuud
where the~' hav«, sunk ,onL1Y
Ii

antiIII till' sknlking, Gl'rma.lI ll-Ij(lnt

~1IJ, .111

dm~t;'r

gU(Ia

hll!IUlig

ThiS lII·boal iJ! silflkmg .ultef (In Av ,,,gar attack. Forty-Four of till> ~ n-w wene Ilickt'd up ,u.d pUl .dloar.u lb boby flat-lop whos lll<1TwS lII't'sl'u!ml J);,\), Jpn~>s wHir ;n,,,Il,!'r onl1ll[ nltl~··sraider"
,'wlIIi.Qg mares, the Ilghters lind dive bombers, Iorrn a still larger and vnstly more eHed1 e combat learn. Ea ) type (If ;jircr~ttt perf()mu; its speciali2ed task, contributlng it-, pll1'1 10 the IIJf)St dlWl{SLating form of air-sea warfare, In a typicnl strike. against enemy hipping, FOF jigl1Lel's ny e:juo)'L fur lhe bnmlJi'iJf8. n -lore the bombers go in. tIll' }f!lnca.ts strafe the targets to silence AA fire. The clive bumbrs then trl~ t11 targets just as the A Criger raJ ase thei'!'

AVENGERS LEAVE TRAIIl OF AXIS VICTIMS WHEREVER THEY OPERATE

01 the complev's, ACV'S [lid the They fly missk IlS IS vuri cl as erial wnrfnr HeU. TIll: Atit"lgef,~ torpedo ships. They ~urry anything rom In<:I:}m!iluies t" a dozen lOO-lb. fragmentation bombs OJ' a siIlg~e bl[)c'k buster for attacks .igainst land ba 1.15.The carry depth ·L'lrg s for atta -ks <lgahHt sulnnarine Ill' mines fur !.lying In enemy waters. Or 1l1~Y can carry extra bomh ba) Iuel tanks fQr long rnnge ~l'!Jtlting. In all of these operallous, l.be Am.'nger hUR J.JfO eel its mettle lime nod time again. J II l l1S pilot and aircr wmen ar a combat team and 'l'BF's i'ormeJ in dh i illTl~ ;U' ,I larger team, so ~he 'l'I\F'S, with II,piT

T eve's.

HI:. VEnhATn.ErIS1T'.~<Inti 1'Bl\l·S are p,lJ't

..

'lIt'nt uf all ,litcrn£L carriers, such as

lethal lish,

leanwhfle, some of the fighters slay upstairs to

knock oD' MY nemy fighters that may appear. Others go in with the bombers as dose cover and for more strallng. II i. these t amwerk hlCtics-ulsll ilppHed to ground targe s whiol, have ost the JUpfill <6 heavily in ships aud sofl n tl 1Ip enemy bas s in pr paration for landings by Allied timpbil'l1rms fnrces, 11' WR$ these coordinated nowerhcuse ta tics which nabl d Torp do g. for "x;trnple, to make ueees iva rorped attacks III Kwajal in. TruT.. .md l'ahtll lI"itl1ol,f the loss of a .s-iHgle torpedo plane. That's the 1'BJ1'1

-_- --.__.

_-

46

are visihle ill !hi,' draruatk- 11I:lIOD picture tukeu from a THI" during an \Vt'I( 'vr attack un eneruy shipViti' ,{t the rreat japanese fill va I bas of T Ilk in th Can» lines, Two tOllwdo s shew erratic wake', probahly wing to shoals in the wnter near shore. A third has found its mark, it Thl.'-plluked warheacl rIpping th guts LInt of ;I [apanese freightrr. The fllurhll rorpedc--the wake is shown in U1C rip;ht for6grollIld-pussed astern of the already doomed ship ,mel Mt the rmf>in th left hl'lckgrfl1lnN This omhn! pl1('1tn-

Fl!ur lorpedll wakes

j"idly illustrates the tcickiu ss IIf torpedoes <"IS well as their deadly dIed. Against ships, a torpedo is- the rn si potent weapon in Ihe aerinI rmamenr, They hit wh re .il hurts most-I elow the waterline. II takes great skill ttl plant a "pickle" so that it will connect with a man uvcrable target. That rh \lnv>, pilots who lly Avetlge1',~ kDOW hov Is shown !'Iy Lh fadL that in a single raid on Truk they got 21 torpedo hits on Japanese ships, The .'\ucngers' Visit' W<\S one or the mns! Ilnpl~II~~lnlToj(_) has I'fl~lverl III his grl>'lll BaHfk base, graph 47

LETTERS
Slll~: r E'!) 1111','trd tI!oIl l the oU'kc ST',~",ill. I ,"si~lilTlt 1\, II 1f1 S",'r,'lHr)' \lr lJll~ :>,J,.\'y 1U' IIhH',',,1 011 the uistribnlllll1 ri~l tn rN'r\\' '1111' N,n',\l, ,\\'IJI'f'H'l1'o NlIw:\-. 'I'ili" plIl,l,i"'~I!-io!l will be II rrll~tfljl "'Wt't' ,~f hlrtof! nultun 1'" Ill]'; oltiee uncl Lv lhe> U~i.~1l1l ,uffI"t1r ''''ilh ll('l'>'I> lAid aucl 13ll1l.~ tnr UJ(' NrlV} Xh'"\1g"UI~llt Prngmm,
!'~~~
~.E(cLlE

PUBLICA1IO,NS
I t~tl

r I I,

ur

hi l'lH· M,lll.'I.1 ] r, i~,'II" fll 'nN '\l "\' s, '1'1<" r,o," 11, Ilr lld~ ClI'eJ'(ltiml W11~ H'l)' successful "ur1 should pr~lI'e ,10 hi' I,l'ry '1dl ',m t,ll;W!'I " , III U,,{' r.. ~{'tw ,\[ pilot'" 0111,1'H''''~ dllWl1 u'! sen, Idea
iIIu~II'u
'\ ," ~I, '\ \ HI'

The

f{llln\.\

ing Technical Nilles antl

Ol'd·~~·~have UC{lU e!lHc,:lh~'J

C\.,'"'"
~~Il\t;t

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frtrrl!'l~I(j1

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(lj

'10

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f '/1,1'

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Gnlt1Jlmnde~. t\,:ny

!'in
.~5L 1,..11 " ~'I 1 01148

tlCHNIC"l cntD~"S

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from
"J~IP

rl'l,;pulI"~ 1.::mi~l'S.

tn your
I UIIVI'

hi 1111"mnnlh

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of

0'

(Jill]

(tlf

Cl/mnH1I\t~

\ ill: SllbjC'(:t:

Pnbli("liol ,,~ IJh i~i(\ll, HI1AG'T Atoll Cornmnuder, Nnv)I No, 3233
Al'lAT.ln"

77

.~~ f4
11

( I~/l(,l"'Uf'/1

0''''0'' ir .. , 1111 Z 0 OI".~~ll~" b " TO

,,'"

1ft:)

rj Q /I'" I BI'~~ ~
J'IjO

rt

l.'lw'~'1601

f\ll'!""~'

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rtow
~I

WorUli to put
1111

f'(lr Illlliliul,! li~l Fur tlw ~!lhjl'{'l !t;II'J.~d l'lll:;liC.ltiun, It j", 1'1 rtl,ur- 'tr<rjl1eJi~r'rl L tlilit thl~ couuuund he- 11lI11islwd wlth ull lw,"\'lClllh 1~).11 pllhli'1lJtt",,~ nf 1\ "' ...." '\\'11,f1l<)N ilJII\\IS. eOJl,r~rAl'<'lIEIi

CrjtU1pllw
IlS

!letjllg I~r yuill

bomb",r"

1','Ufbrine, Thal
iS~1J!,-

Ih",
is

pljj.~eu un the

~1. 1t

i5

reqnestorl th.1l this

u\)'"l rlJ/lIIJ

1)0.;,

l:!~ ':1 t:,~ ....\ i ,II ~ 'H H::"'I:)

IlJ~

1'"no,<lloll I'll To 7~·H (1o",~,'l1r,1 ('""f./h ,/

('/I

hi! 1'0 ,N- ~J

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('''' .... 1I1i</ II~ Til ~tH I

hp 7'l' .. " ~,~ I'if 7'!;.! 11-4't )1,..., II, ,/" t ..rt ,~'J I' /1
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Lack

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ll,(' lilp JI\, ]'mniler ~"jlll"'ll Judy, I Ill'd"r. H iuuv "" I.('~',til itm. n d U~ n Ii ).lh,t'T.
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I::,j~ !t~(lH {!~~·I:::

,'!,,,,",,,IIM ~ll 7'11 J:I'H rt! '1"Ifl~n,}(1 hll 11.0 , 0" 1i".. 1/",

,,~.II"'I, Iw ''''/le,l

'1'(1

II~""

Offic",
II

LI.!-..i>. t:.lIln"r~.,

f Thut sirnpliS:es t-h., wur

ncl ing
II!! " IUlIJI,huf.

ll'j,

honlhoF

d lilill of cilrrrm.ll1r.:l f'llrl'n t!'~ wide J'l'lwlLtJS ul tlie PWil1l"

If'I'hfl n hnve letter

illustratos

bow the
O\ll ill !'lUI

I fI I~I

W~·i:l

(,"I'

I ""'r"II.,j

~IHl! ~1 I:!
';'U I~ I\~ I,~

t,e
~1.[lS! ,I .•

j:! 1112 '1,,·1,:; i'l )'t111. PJ'llt,I"'!ln J i~\IC 1il"J IInk!1 rOUT

f'n ",·,'!lrd r 'I'!l".jl~<l

/.;, (IilM"'c~ h~ r'("'r~II''; ''V "fltt~~U'(1 ~j!l ".... J~lj"~nfll .. l "lIn

C'I,;"",.1!rt!

bll

~'I'0_r /1ru".1 'r 1 rip ./~,

;!:?' J'(,l

.,-1.'
'"

H 1/1,,' 11'1 ... ~ r ,14

SinS: L l~ rll'lne~!ed thut tiS urru >y PllI1it!$ t

1/111 dPlIl11 ,t~1I1

I \\111i IflL\>llro~,,-~l
1.>(~ll'(,I1IJjgll!s"

"J"I>

11

this

luqllll
\; W II,

(l!l~sl]'le up tu tl\lll lunulroi! be Ilf lhe [Ijl:l1H~ 1I11111!1ITl1agt 33 vi tIlt> "'llY J ,isslIe 01
['UlnrullHd

iii thv [un,

'~r'H
l.een

11

P"Ml'iI",J' !·",'i,,.(I,,.l'
f"'~llj·.,nl'nl

1111 TO H 44 h/I lliJ!o Ilr '~ ~'J ~, lr.'~

/'li

j'O t:u' ~ I bll 1'0 '.il II

'PO l'·JJ '1'(1 ,",~,II ~u It r LO-; ~ I ~t~

:J I

/'/1

1""1

0<//",(

'N) 111'~1 q J ...... '1'11 ~.J' U

ro

..

A \'lA

riox

'11~\""5.

"H· [I),')

rlr Spc'rQ'. b~·Mc",ly II In[lflilfolst' concern, Tho t pictm:ellllrtalilly

I" 'r'i;llwlrlllllllll 01.111,1'

$Ilthxr shmdin~ h<!sidu 1.1 "Jap" ~1'H:.<:hlighl,~vllII I\w~wi'> phllu Ill[lk~'r'~lug

,l

h,1I

)'t"l

plll,lislw~l

as

lir~l llhOL(lItl'~'flll
arrnunu-nl IS a pic,

TJIt· ftlll!lwin~ Flight Safety 111 dlt;lills

Ilil\.'e 'ili~l~ild ~iH('t\ I

Jill'

r-.fuy

1!J·j..,.J.:

~U\S~

lilt' u 'i h-Iore iJl;lc0rnlll'T 7. I ~Jj L Uu' am1 learn, I gU(~, is (he Oldy L'f1nul1l!ul.

rulli.'"

l~

II

1)[

1:( II,

II .... J5 H l'Hel 17 1.·1 1f/1.1

~rJ.

1'...,,,,,"1i.,,,~8-Uf ..'d'~'iI P!illI '" 11'""" la' fl,p 1".".". 1Fl,e.I.,l""",,

}\4,","f!~'" "S{f.ifJ"r.~",~

l"rftJ_rutin rU U.,,.P.ft'II/~j~ (mil rill. hI 1'1'11'11.

rllrh "'tllf~

nvhlg ;1Ul sslJ-5, l1i1tll'ipaled !II PI'IIC"tiC[' rescue wt>rk I,)' droppmg u collnpsihle rubber Iif,· t'ilrL wl l'h a JIIll'pi< Ig IlI,tt illilll.,tinS d·evlt"'!' This wns J"vl~lfll'l'd h)' I],e G.il "t't·!.l"u tl,iJ< grVrlll jrtl,m ""
pilot,

Ou ~hll'l,!l. 30, " hrnlU!,lUlHto:r-l>

~lllmtlrtlu

tml,

ktl_)ulU/ofJtI. lVj'){ull~ IJI~~r R'-IJ1~j,'~(I~t1ffl~

:'>!,,,v \,-12
'W'~\CfH

nit

Jl<lil:hTl!L~1I Cnlll.t~~· Ktl'alll,(1~1(), \Iid"

1,8

j'

ur

~-i

p~b Ii< .m PI"""" I"~ 1',. ~1),'pOf! 1'/1))0' ",,/1 I".-"d,.,l~l,d ('"", r... ! Tu.'''~~~ 'l·'i.tt~r R,t1;1fUt/,s:i1_ rU~;tt~, I T~,,~I. C'/f'N"/ (l<oek,i'I( (l",lIIIUJIt!.t. nil J.....T."sur~ (J,J r~jl , ( 1III r'"rf.{ljl ni,J/", 1.,111. 91,
~ /1IIf'''

'~'f."ru./'"

~'f"I""'.

SUIS.

It

i.~ ,'.'qllt",IW!

IlHit 111.1 umh·!'l;igLl .. d

CONTINTS
Sh,lI:lows Th row LIght
S~(lrh1 Warl'l,in9 HaUlrds We. FI)' the Mariners Ol.d You Identify Know? •. , 'O~ I"1s,e I System

1!
6

t'liH L1ml

",I", 5liU UI.dlll.tlill~ "" inl('''~tlll mil HI (I ";ll linn , b( I'I.H;;\,U '"'II 1:1lL) nHli bug list tu I'cceh" Ult' leIj II If"f<'SU'lg 1m bl i(:nti<lll
\i \\ \!

.ANSWERS TO QUIZZES
• SURVIVA~ QUIZ Ion i>"oe 34) "..
.'

til

A \' 11\ 1'10;-;

t\;ny~,

THIlS,
ViOl' SII

T,

CII_H'1:1\,

.2.b

3,1> 4,10

5,., 1""90

6,.,
16~

1,b8,.

Grilmpaw Pettibone

7
10

Ar/mil'lIl, USN

prrill LI.'I ,titllll,

BEST ANSW~RS

ell"
4.t

N, L Sl'ltt" Iiclll'I'iLhm·

"\CllfilllllY

r.d • STAR

2,(

~ 3."

S.a

is.a

l,~

14
1$

lOENTIF·ICATION

PR.OBlEM

(on

Dope on Japs
Tech n Ica'lly Speaking

18 21' 29
40
•

Sms.
{),.I P,(~,· (j 01 ~,\NJow" fUI ~\r,!)1 15, III IIIL' urU"Ij)- "bOIlI g:,ivlol~ II", 1"'il>l'1'11"1'" !lw d~~lglI111i(,-.) "H .. )"111 ,Iu,," "lJ fur u]l;hl-{'T L 11,,11 Hilt I air.sl,lps I '. I. lhb a d,uugl' I )'011'1 Ilw ".,," ur ~Jl\lIU: liS!, HI' jill ,'r"",,? 1"",1' II ,.., \,N I. 1i1,1/!./Uf'l'nll~
"'c\~

poge

~i8)

A-O ...bhQ 11I,-poI"riJ- I:;-Arcl ..ro,~

D-S,pitC! hR"!lul "UFESAVING ...

Navy Torpedo
r-JJ aU!3<H E.tj! TW t;l lflJIIlfilllN"1I:iIi tUl!jIlSfonl

;Pla~llos
MQi"I
TlJ!;.;'f

ANOFIRSI 3.3 4,4

AID SA

QUIZ

10"

1"<19"'-

391

'f

oII!:,!!1 ".Q" " OF "-A .... L ~

1'51'011,1 t,-

1.2

2.8

,\,.1

'Ot'1flC-:E.Of"I="h!·f

o~Ii:~.,,.!C'!""S"....

I' II!.IijPl~~U

oras~

A1;::IIIID"',t,fTle,. Ih c,+ lJto ..,:;i!2'1

ITI(1,,'r!mt'JlI1d (Jt]iIJICr

l"II.v ... O!:"~I WASHl"iQ:r-o~

WdUllOlil1
('n-m',

-s.etlld nevi"".

\'1'.01 aOlI~
rilllY

'nh,,, ,,~
h!i

T:,pogl'fll)hlell!

"z" 1s ... .."trecL

~litnl[l-"!!i-

~V.II""I. !r9m' ol.l~r." Sl"'"~~rd 'II~.

ob(ainfid
r"O:FlI

Er~"'.rl.
ftfm
f,inmli

rMi~lled

48

A MARINE CORPS
lio" rtlll",.l,

oJ.. stu.Ievelnpinll 110 0"'" i-nl lup-ihlu lire raft from III' Itrl il'l., lllus'''I1I."d ill ~I"n"h 1.1 ie"UI',

Developed from an idea In Naval Aviation News

... the

NA 'r,,"s 10 piuk up lilU" Meas of interest here and there, BUI are urethorls iUll] peceedur ~ clevelopeJ I,y 'your a 'Iivlly do appearing in it?
... quad rons n",1 srariuns ure fiJIIliuJ;'
10 eln:. 'll\'~

You VU,{lcs

or

may

en jIlY rhuUlhing

thruugh

it pays not. only 1.0 take, hut uho iu Lb paz' of NA EWS. reaehine
lind Marioe

j the deut;')!!, ltouse .. r nil" idells worl<1o$,1 uut \I'be~e exper-ienee O'HI11I ••.. in tra'ininll.. PICO .tiee, opernliO!l. For (ltompl delivery, IIlIll Dun 1';01 ,lire'l'l 10 Ni\, IiW by addre in envelope p, 11011'11

air lI.'liviUc;; in every theater operation IhrUllghonl tl1(' worhl . ... 1£ 'You have developed teehnieal, 63(ely or oTrnival pnH'erhlr(" that wnrks, let Oilier henefit by re]'l(lrting" it prl)mpu},. eompl etely 1,1) \h\\,AL ,\\ .. ,\1'1O~' Nf)l s. it ]

or

orns

helow,

AVAL AVIATION NEWS

NAVA AIR IN THE PACI·IC

are prepll ted for nction when they go ouf 011 a long search ,mission. The crew of ene o·f the big Navy four~tmgined flying boats had plenty to tllik about when it returned from a combot mission recently. Encountering a Jap Betty, the photographer brought hqck proof of the accuracy of the aircrew.,;en/s gunnery. The big patrol plane was one of severol that took PQrt in a raid on Wake.

NAVY PB2Y Coronados