VIET NAM

Asian Development Bank

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific
last updated through SDBS on 30 July 2010
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
POPULATION
Total population million; as of 31 December 66.02 67.24 68.45 69.64 70.82 72.00 73.16 74.31 75.46 76.60 77.63 78.62 79.54 80.47 81.44 82.39 83.31 84.22 85.12 86.02
Population density persons per square kilometer 200 204 208 211 215 219 222 226 229 233 236 239 242 246 249 249 252 254 257 260
Population annual change, percent 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Urban population percent of total population 19.5 19.7 19.9 20.0 20.4 20.7 21.1 22.7 23.1 23.6 24.2 24.7 25.1 25.8 26.5 27.1 27.7 28.2 29.0 29.6

LABOR FORCE million; as of 1 July … … … … … … … … 36.9 37.7 38.5 39.5 40.4 41.5 42.5 43.6 44.3 45.1 46.0 …
Employed a 29.4 30.1 30.9 31.6 32.3 33.0 33.8 34.5 35.2 36.0 37.6 38.5 39.5 40.6 41.6 42.8 44.0 45.2 46.5 47.7
Agriculture 21.2 21.6 22.0 22.4 22.7 23.5 23.9 24.2 24.5 24.8 24.2 24.5 23.2 23.1 24.4 24.4 24.3 24.4 24.4 24.8
Manufacturing 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.2 4.6 4.9 7.4 8.1 8.6 9.2 9.8
Mining 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5
Others 5.6 5.8 6.2 6.4 6.8 6.7 6.9 7.2 7.5 7.9 9.6 9.8 11.9 12.6 12.0 10.6 11.2 11.8 12.3 12.7
Unemployed … … … … … … … … 1.7 1.7 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1 …
Unemployment rate percent … … … … … … … … 4.5 4.4 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.5 2.3 2.0 2.4 …
Labor force annual change, percent … … … … … … … … … 2.0 2.2 2.6 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.6 1.6 1.8 2.0 …
Labor force participation rate percent … … … … … … … … … … 49.6 50.2 50.7 51.1 51.8 52.5 51.1 51.2 55.5 57.3
Male … … … … … … … … … … 50.8 51.4 52.1 52.7 53.8 55.7 54.3 54.4 57.9 …
Female … … … … … … … … … … 48.4 49.0 49.3 49.5 49.9 51.2 48.0 48.2 53.2 …

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS billion Dong; calendar year

At Current Prices
GDP by industrial origin at current market prices 41955 76707 110532 140258 178534 228892 272036 313623 361016 399942 441646 481295 535762 613443 715307 839211 974264 1143715 1485038 1658389
Agriculture b 16252 31058 37513 41895 48968 62219 75514 80826 93072 101723 108356 111858 123383 138284 155992 175984 198797 232586 329886 346786
Mining 2185 4176 5306 7215 9114 11009 15282 19768 24196 33703 42606 44345 46153 57326 72492 88897 99702 111700 146607 165310
Manufacturing 5142 10051 17015 21275 26624 34318 41290 51700 61906 70767 81979 95211 110285 125476 145475 173122 207027 243142 302136 333166
Electricity, gas, and water 573 966 1635 1944 2856 4701 6538 8604 10339 11725 13993 16028 18201 22224 25090 28929 33464 39869 47169 58592
Construction 1613 3059 6179 10101 12946 15792 17766 20522 20858 21764 23642 27931 31558 37100 44558 53276 64503 79712 95696 110255
Trade 5460 9742 15281 20215 30185 37491 43125 48914 55783 59384 62836 67788 75617 83297 96995 113768 132794 156442 212139 244933
Transport and communications 1449 2860 4662 5692 7154 9117 10390 12418 14076 15546 17341 19431 21095 24725 30402 36629 43825 51118 66359 72412
Finance 490 1108 1567 2318 3450 4604 5148 5444 6274 7488 8148 8762 9763 10858 12737 15072 17607 20756 27215 31617
Public administration c 3608 6807 9718 13605 17837 22877 26451 29733 34124 35368 37809 40891 44940 54016 61255 66556 82224 94578 113856 128904
Others 5183 6880 11656 15998 19400 26764 30532 35694 40388 42474 44936 49050 54767 60138 70310 86978 94321 113812 143975 166414
Net factor income from abroad -2671 -4087 -3775 -5345 -4517 -2501 -4300 -5748 -6648 -5328 -6327 -6440 -8706 -9755 -13401 -16779 -21032 -34311 -48765 …
GNI 39284 72620 106757 134913 174017 226391 267736 307875 354368 394614 435319 474855 527056 603688 701906 822432 953232 1109404 1436274 …

Structure of Output percent of GDP at current market prices

Agriculture 38.7 40.5 33.9 29.9 27.4 27.2 27.8 25.8 25.8 25.4 24.5 23.2 23.0 22.5 21.8 21.0 20.4 20.3 22.2 20.9
Industry 22.7 23.8 27.3 28.9 28.9 28.8 29.7 32.1 32.5 34.5 36.7 38.1 38.5 39.5 40.2 41.0 41.5 41.5 39.8 40.2
Services 38.6 35.7 38.8 41.2 43.7 44.1 42.5 42.2 41.7 40.1 38.7 38.6 38.5 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.1 38.2 37.9 38.8

Expenditure on GDP at current market prices 41955 76707 110532 140258 178534 228892 272036 313623 361016 399942 441646 481295 535762 613443 715307 839211 974265 1143715 1485038 1658389
Private consumption 37572 63904 87661 106440 133299 168492 202509 225084 255921 274553 293507 312144 348747 406451 465506 533141 617182 740615 1000972 1102279
Government consumption 3164 5055 7653 10279 14738 18741 22722 25500 27523 27137 28346 30463 33390 38770 45715 51652 58734 69247 90904 104540
Gross fixed capital formation 5495 10499 18406 30635 43325 58187 71597 83734 97551 102799 122101 140301 166828 204608 237868 275841 324949 437702 513987 572526
Increase in stocks 530 1007 1092 3385 2158 3944 4853 5020 7324 7704 8670 9732 11155 12826 15818 22702 33680 55598 75759 59800
Exports of goods and services 11084 23714 38405 40285 60725 75106 111177 135180 161910 199836 243049 262846 304262 363735 470216 582069 717109 879461 1157178 1132688
Less: Imports of goods and services 14960 27639 42921 52582 77591 95925 141016 160706 188281 211254 253927 273828 331946 415023 524216 617157 761547 1060763 1383006 1304350
Statistical discrepancy -930 167 236 1816 1880 347 194 -189 -932 -833 -100 -363 3326 2076 4400 -9037 -15842 21855 29243 -9092

Structure of Demand percent of GDP at current market prices

Private consumption 89.6 83.3 79.3 75.9 74.7 73.6 74.4 71.8 70.9 68.6 66.5 64.9 65.1 66.3 65.1 63.5 63.3 64.8 67.4 66.5
Government consumption 7.5 6.6 6.9 7.3 8.3 8.2 8.4 8.1 7.6 6.8 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.2 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.3
Gross domestic capital formation 14.4 15.0 17.6 24.3 25.5 27.1 28.1 28.3 29.0 27.6 29.6 31.2 33.2 35.4 35.5 35.6 36.8 43.1 39.7 38.1
Exports of goods and services 26.4 30.9 34.7 28.7 34.0 32.8 40.9 43.1 44.8 50.0 55.0 54.6 56.8 59.3 65.7 69.4 73.6 76.9 77.9 68.3
Imports of goods and services 35.7 36.0 38.8 37.5 43.5 41.9 51.8 51.2 52.2 52.8 57.5 56.9 62.0 67.7 73.3 73.5 78.2 92.7 93.1 78.7
VIET NAM
Asian Development Bank
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific
last updated through SDBS on 30 July 2010
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Statistical discrepancy -2.2 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.1 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.6 0.3 0.6 -1.1 -1.6 1.9 2.0 -0.5

At Constant Prices
GDP by industrial origin at 1994 market prices 131968 139634 151782 164043 178534 195567 213833 231264 244596 256272 273666 292535 313247 336243 362435 393031 425372 461344 490459 516568
Agriculture b 42003 42917 45869 47373 48968 51319 53577 55895 57866 60896 63717 65618 68352 70828 73917 76888 79723 82717 86587 88168
Mining 4601 5798 6502 7535 9114 10345 11753 13304 15173 17200 18430 19185 19396 20611 22437 22854 22397 21904 21065 22669
Manufacturing 18511 19552 22235 24353 26624 30231 34339 38743 42694 46105 51492 57335 63983 71363 79116 89338 101269 113801 124935 128386
Electricity, gas, and water 2095 2000 2283 2616 2856 3384 3986 4572 5136 5531 6337 7173 7992 8944 10015 11247 12361 13485 14842 16181
Construction 8014 8433 9339 10950 12946 14590 16938 18855 18761 19211 20654 23293 25755 28481 31053 34428 38230 42875 42712 47563
Trade 23512 24938 26215 27807 30185 33595 36866 39422 41170 41994 44644 47779 51245 54747 59027 63950 69418 75537 80654 86847
Transport and communications 5546 5972 6293 6708 7154 7851 8429 9178 9536 10141 10729 11441 12252 12925 13975 15318 16870 18793 21031 22815
Finance 1845 2202 2419 2820 3450 3940 4388 4578 4843 5327 5650 6005 6424 6935 7495 8197 8867 9651 10631 11556
Public administration c 12892 13642 14691 16064 17837 19331 20767 21894 23158 23011 24301 25674 27322 29242 31325 33775 36456 39491 42369 45267
Others 12949 14180 15936 17817 19400 20981 22790 24823 26259 26857 27712 29032 30527 32166 34075 37036 39781 43090 45632 47117
Net factor income from abroad … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
GNI … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

Growth of Output annual change, percent

GDP 5.1 5.8 8.7 8.1 8.8 9.5 9.3 8.2 5.8 4.8 6.8 6.9 7.1 7.3 7.8 8.4 8.2 8.5 6.3 5.3
Agriculture 1.0 2.2 6.9 3.3 3.4 4.8 4.4 4.3 3.5 5.2 4.6 3.0 4.2 3.6 4.4 4.0 3.7 3.8 4.7 1.8
Industry 2.3 7.7 12.8 12.6 13.4 13.6 14.5 12.6 8.3 7.7 10.1 10.4 9.5 10.5 10.2 10.7 10.4 10.2 6.0 5.5
Services 10.2 7.4 7.6 8.6 9.6 9.8 8.8 7.1 5.1 2.3 5.3 6.1 6.5 6.5 7.3 8.5 8.3 8.9 7.4 6.6

Expenditure on GDP at 1994 market prices 131968 139634 151782 164043 178534 195567 213833 231264 244595 256272 273666 292535 313247 336243 362435 393031 425372 461344 490459 516568
Private consumption … … … … … 142916 155909 165125 172498 176976 182420 190577 205113 221545 237262 254484 275723 305504 334046 346352
Government consumption … … … … … 15976 17163 17850 18425 17374 18245 19450 20496 21970 23678 25620 27797 30272 32549 35021
Gross fixed capital formation … … … … … 49715 56678 62438 70187 71294 78552 86972 98160 109843 121312 133141 146325 181673 188647 205107
Increase in stocks … … … … … 3534 4148 4091 4744 4536 4944 5515 6096 6780 7604 10150 13922 21518 27301 20153
Exports of goods and services d … … … … … -17877 -20183 -17752 -20530 -13157 -10085 165292 183533 220047 -30123 -24438 -30551 -86822 -101784 -93448
Less: Imports of goods and services … … … … … … … … … … … 176987 204926 251495 … … … … … …
Statistical discrepancy … … … … … 1303 118 -488 -729 -751 -410 1716 4775 7553 2702 -5926 -7844 9198 9701 3382

Growth of Demand annual change, percent

Private consumption … … … … … … 9.1 5.9 4.5 2.6 3.1 4.5 7.6 8.0 7.1 7.3 8.3 10.8 9.3 3.7
Government consumption … … … … … … 7.4 4.0 3.2 -5.7 5.0 6.6 5.4 7.2 7.8 8.2 8.5 8.9 7.5 7.6
Gross domestic capital formation … … … … … … 14.2 9.4 12.6 1.2 10.1 10.8 12.7 11.9 10.5 11.2 11.8 26.8 6.3 4.3
Exports of goods and services … … … … … … … … … … … … -9.9 -16.6 … … … … … …
Imports of goods and services … … … … … … … … … … … … -13.6 -18.5 … … … … … …

Investment Financing at Current Prices

Gross domestic capital formation 6025 11506 19498 34020 45483 62131 76450 88754 104875 110503 130771 150033 177983 217434 253686 298543 358629 493300 589746 632326
Gross national saving … … … … … … 55744 67631 85811 109391 138004 150655 174271 193193 239373 291242 342077 403098 463262 …
Gross domestic saving 1219 7748 15218 23539 30497 41659 46805 63039 77572 98252 119793 138688 153625 168222 204086 254418 298348 333853 392841 451571
Net factor income from abroad -2671 -4087 -3775 -5345 -4517 -2501 -4300 -5748 -6648 -5328 -6327 -6440 -8706 -9755 -13401 -16779 -21032 -34311 -48765 …
Net current transfers from abroad e … … … … … … 13239 10340 14887 16467 24538 18407 29352 34726 48688 53603 64761 103556 119186 111384

Savings and Investment percent of GDP at current market prices

Gross domestic saving 2.9 10.1 13.8 16.8 17.1 18.2 17.2 20.1 21.5 24.6 27.1 28.8 28.7 27.4 28.5 30.3 30.6 29.2 26.6 27.2
Gross national saving … … … … … … 20.5 21.6 23.8 27.4 31.2 31.3 32.5 31.5 33.5 34.7 35.1 35.2 31.3 …
Gross domestic capital formation 14.4 15.0 17.6 24.3 25.5 27.1 28.1 28.3 29.0 27.6 29.6 31.2 33.2 35.4 35.5 35.6 36.8 43.1 39.7 38.1

At Current Market Prices thousand Dong

Per capita GDP 636 1141 1615 2014 2521 3179 3719 4221 4784 5221 5689 6122 6736 7623 8783 10185 11694 13580 17446 19278
Per capita GNI 595 1080 1560 1937 2457 3145 3660 4143 4696 5152 5608 6040 6626 7502 8619 9982 11442 13173 16873 …
VIET NAM
Asian Development Bank
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific
last updated through SDBS on 30 July 2010
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
PRODUCTION INDEXES period averages
Agriculture 1999 –2001 = 100 56.9 58.1 62.8 66.1 69.2 73.3 77.3 82.5 85.8 94.6 100.9 104.5 112.7 114.2 120.5 124.5 129.2 134.2 138.9 140.5

ENERGY annual values

Crude petroleum thousand metric tons
Production 2700 4000 5500 6261 7100 7620 8803 10090 12500 15217 16291 16833 16863 17700 20051 18519 16800 15920 14904 16360
Exports 2617 3917 5446 6153 6949 7652 8705 9638 12145 14882 15424 16732 16876 17143 19501 17967 16442 15062 13752 13400
Imports f 2851 2572 3142 4095 4531 5003 5899 5958 6852 7425 8747 9083 9971 9936 11048 11477 11225 12850 12857 …
Consumption 2860 2560 3134 4060 4985 4950 … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

Coal thousand metric tons

Production 4600 5000 5000 5900 5700 8350 9823 11388 11672 9629 11609 13397 16409 19300 27349 34093 38778 42483 39777 43715
Exports 789 1173 1623 1432 2068 2821 3647 3454 3162 3260 3251 4292 6047 7262 11636 17988 29308 32072 19400 25000
Consumption 3838 3156 3469 2547 3983 4652 4981 … … … … … … … … … … … … …

Electricity million kilowatt-hours

Production 8790 9307 9818 10851 12693 14665 16962 19253 21694 23599 26682 30673 35888 40500 46202 52078 57917 64147 72100 80700
Consumption 6200 6600 6859 7809 9177 11795 … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

PRICE INDEXES period averages

Consumer 2005 | 2009 = 100 … … … … … 66.5 70.3 72.5 78.2 81.5 80.2 79.8 83.0 85.7 92.3 100.0 | 70.8 76.7 94.4 100.0
Producer 1995 = 100 … … … … … 100.0 … … … … 111.2 113.6 115.6 118.6 127.3 132.9 138.5 148.0 180.2 …
Implicit GDP deflator 1994 = 100 31.8 54.9 72.8 85.5 100.0 117.0 127.2 135.6 147.6 156.1 161.4 164.5 171.0 182.4 197.4 213.5 229.0 247.9 302.8 321.0

Price Indexes annual change, percent

Consumer price index … … … … … … 5.7 3.2 7.8 4.3 -1.6 -0.5 4.0 3.2 7.8 8.3 7.1 8.3 23.1 5.9
Producer price index … … … … … … … … … … … 2.1 1.8 2.6 7.3 4.4 4.2 6.8 21.8 …
Implicit GDP deflator 42.1 72.8 32.6 17.4 17.0 17.0 8.7 6.6 8.8 5.7 3.4 1.9 4.0 6.7 8.2 8.2 7.3 8.2 22.1 6.0

g
MONEY AND BANKING billion Dong; as of end of period
Money supply (M1) 7678 11947 18931 24882 33476 41649 51519 62867 78338 105447 152497 191113 235518 314148 402738 531472 723204 1089616 1291764 1665307
Currency in circulation 3735 6419 10579 14218 18624 19170 22639 25101 26965 41547 52208 66319 74263 90583 109097 131171 158809 220514 236848 293225
Demand deposits h 3943 5528 8352 10664 14852 22479 28880 37766 51373 63900 100289 124794 161255 223564 293641 400301 564394 869102 1054916 1372082
Quasi-money i 3680 8354 8213 7406 9530 11061 13159 18691 24078 37198 70385 88667 93632 97084 129608 159180 199469 258628 330366 427140
Money supply (M2) 11358 20301 27144 32288 43006 52710 64678 81558 102416 142646 222882 279781 329150 411232 532346 690652 922672 1348244 1622130 2092447
Foreign assets (net) 2626 8503 10593 6231 6940 10851 14249 20996 31204 61613 95692 117615 117418 131402 145910 191077 287925 410414 428929 312264
Domestic credit 9960 14112 17122 27112 37951 47055 55323 66807 81028 89559 155236 191204 239921 316872 434572 585559 730330 1096780 1400693 2039687
Claims on government sector 4032 3956 1913 3903 4551 4684 4428 4399 8377 2933 -484 2102 8843 20135 14527 32461 36496 29051 61430 170431
Claims on private sector j 620 1026 2770 7698 12936 18292 24085 30979 72651 86626 155720 189103 231078 296737 420046 553098 693834 1067729 1339263 1869255
Claims on other financial institutions k 5308 9129 12439 15511 20464 24079 26809 31429
Other items (net) -1228 -2314 -571 -1055 -1885 -5195 -4894 -6245 -9816 -8526 -28046 -29039 -28191 -37040 -48137 -85984 -95583 -158950 -207492 -259503

Money supply (M2) annual change, percent 53.1 78.7 33.7 19.0 33.2 22.6 22.7 26.1 25.6 39.3 56.2 25.5 17.6 24.9 29.5 29.7 33.6 46.1 20.3 29.0
M2 percent of GDP at current market prices 27.1 26.5 24.6 23.0 24.1 23.0 23.8 26.0 28.4 35.7 50.5 58.1 61.4 67.0 74.4 82.3 94.7 117.9 109.2 126.2

Deposit Money Banks

Demand deposits 1518 2707 4232 4270 4956 7366 10300 14874 20242 25600 41985 48626 53725 69758 92831 114858 138460 222915 206136 288310
Time and savings deposits 2315 2815 3822 3250 9472 9622 12445 15194 20091 36191 47462 60251 77387 132617 182409 261269 382396 597162 791066 1004770

Interest Rates percent per annum; period averages

Savings 2.40 2.10 1.00 0.80 0.70 … … 0.40 0.45 0.20 0.20 0.20 2.40 2.40 2.40 3.00 3.00 3.06 3.68 2.85
Time: 6 months … … 18.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 9.60 8.40 9.60 5.40 4.80 6.24 7.44 6.48 6.96 7.80 7.80 8.19 13.34 10.15
12 months l … … … 12.00 12.00 12.00 9.60 9.60 11.40 7.20 6.24 6.84 7.80 7.20 7.56 8.40 8.40 8.80 13.46 10.37
VIET NAM
Asian Development Bank
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific
last updated through SDBS on 30 July 2010
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
GOVERNMENT FINANCE billion Dong; fiscal year ending 31 December
Central Government
Total revenue and grants m 6153 10353 21023 30500 40673 51723 60467 65352 72965 78489 90749 103888 121716 158056 198614 238686 289170 336273 416783 390650
Total revenue 6153 10083 20175 29472 39347 50103 58924 62766 70822 76128 88721 101877 119466 155087 195737 234897 281273 330261 409508 384650
n
Current revenue 6153 10083 20175 29472 39347 49903 58577 61933 70000 75357 87883 100918 118346 145822 180197 219438 263864 299096 377444 360811
Taxes 4810 10025 18637 27874 35825 43667 52311 55534 59618 66829 79497 91688 106154 127947 155579 191725 236331 268594 359109 336098
Nontaxes 1343 58 1538 1598 3522 6236 6266 6399 10382 8528 8386 9230 12192 17875 24618 27714 27532 30502 18335 24713
Capital receipts – – – – – 200 347 833 822 771 838 959 1120 9265 15540 15459 17409 31165 32064 23839
Grants – 270 848 1028 1326 1620 1543 2586 2143 2361 2028 2011 2250 2969 2877 3789 7897 6012 7275 6000
Total expenditure and net lending 9186 10863 21902 35300 44655 54589 62889 77627 78814 91870 109633 120968 134090 171408 197476 247749 276170 347468 445647 518585
o
Total expenditure 9186 10863 21902 35300 44655 54589 62889 70749 73419 84817 99751 117285 129434 162151 187353 229092 268410 336312 433222 492885
Current expenditure p 7062 8728 15452 25700 33355 42510 47259 51267 52905 55120 70127 77049 84216 102522 121238 149893 180069 232010 297311 357385
Capital expenditure q 2124 2135 6450 9600 11300 12079 15630 19482 20514 29697 29624 40236 45218 59629 66115 79199 88341 104302 135911 135500
Net lending – – – – – – – 6878 5395 7053 9882 3683 4656 9257 10123 18657 7760 11156 12425 25700
Current surplus/deficit -909 1355 4723 3772 5992 7393 11318 10666 17095 20237 17756 23869 34130 43300 58959 69545 83795 67085 80133 3426
Capital account surplus/deficit -2124 -2135 -6450 -9600 -11300 -11879 -15283 -18649 -19692 -28926 -28786 -39277 -44098 -50364 -50575 -63740 -70932 -73137 -103847 -111661
Overall budgetary surplus/deficit -3033 -510 -879 -4800 -3982 -2866 -2422 -12275 -5849 -13381 -18884 -17080 -12374 -13352 1138 -9063 13000 -11195 -28864 -127935
Financing
Domestic borrowing 1173 393 1373 2500 2330 2709 552 5205 -2814 1491 6110 7333 4711 6327 4671 4525 3160 13315 22957 66240
Foreign borrowing 1860 1335 1315 4010 1652 157 1870 192 3268 4837 6292 4809 5306 4577 3210 2615 5804 6779 8320 9540
Use of cash balances – -1218 -1809 -1710 – – – 6878 5395 7053 6482 4938 2357 2448 -9019 1923 -21964 -8899 -2413 52155

Government Finance percent of GDP at current market prices

Total revenue 14.7 13.1 18.3 21.0 22.0 21.9 21.7 20.0 19.6 19.0 20.1 21.2 22.3 25.3 27.4 28.0 28.9 28.9 27.6 23.2
Taxes 11.5 13.1 16.9 19.9 20.1 19.1 19.2 17.7 16.5 16.7 18.0 19.1 19.8 20.9 21.7 22.8 24.3 23.5 24.2 20.3
Total expenditure 21.9 14.2 19.8 25.2 25.0 23.8 23.1 22.6 20.3 21.2 22.6 24.4 24.2 26.4 26.2 27.3 27.5 29.4 29.2 29.7
Overall budgetary surplus/deficit -7.2 -0.7 -0.8 -3.4 -2.2 -1.3 -0.9 -3.9 -1.6 -3.3 -4.3 -3.5 -2.3 -2.2 0.2 -1.1 1.3 -1.0 -1.9 -7.7

EXTERNAL TRADE r million US Dollars; calendar year

Exports, fob 2404 2087 2581 2985 4054 5449 7256 9185 9360 11541 14483 15029 16706 20149 26485 32447 39826 48561 62685 57096
Imports, cif s 2752 2338 2541 3924 5826 8155 11144 11592 11500 11742 15637 16218 19746 25256 31969 36761 44891 62765 80714 69949
Trade balance -348 -251 40 -939 -1772 -2706 -3888 -2407 -2140 -201 -1154 -1189 -3040 -5107 -5484 -4314 -5065 -14204 -18029 -12853

External Trade annual change, percent

Exports 23.5 -13.2 23.7 15.7 35.8 34.4 33.2 26.6 1.9 23.3 25.5 3.8 11.2 20.6 31.4 22.5 22.7 21.9 29.1 -8.9
Imports 7.3 -15.0 8.7 54.4 48.5 40.0 36.6 4.0 -0.8 2.1 33.2 3.7 21.8 27.9 26.6 15.0 22.1 39.8 28.6 -13.3

Direction of Trade million US Dollars; calendar year

Exports, total 2525 2189 2918 2985 4054 5621 7463 9484 9307 11542 14483 15025 16707 20145 26485 32447 39826 48561 62685 55401
1. United States 0 0 0 0 95 170 204 287 469 504 733 1066 2453 3940 5025 5924 7845 10105 11869 11853
2. Japan 340 719 834 937 1179 1461 1546 1675 1514 1786 2575 2510 2437 2909 3542 4340 5240 6090 8538 6327
3. China, People's Republic of 8 19 96 136 296 362 340 474 440 746 1536 1417 1518 1883 2899 3228 3243 3646 4536 4040
4. Australia 8 5 21 55 46 55 65 230 472 815 1272 1042 1328 1421 1885 2723 3745 3802 4225 2448
5. Singapore 195 425 402 380 593 690 1290 1216 741 876 886 1044 961 1025 1485 1917 1812 2234 2660 2062
6. Germany 41 7 34 50 115 218 228 411 552 654 730 722 729 855 1065 1086 1445 1855 2073 2360
7. Malaysia 5 14 68 56 65 111 78 142 115 256 414 337 348 454 624 1028 1254 1555 1955 1707
8. United Kingdom 2 2 27 23 56 75 125 265 336 421 479 512 572 755 1010 1016 1180 1431 1581 1445
9. Philippines 57 1 1 2 4 41 132 241 401 393 478 368 315 340 499 829 783 965 1825 1740
10. Korea, Republic of 27 51 94 99 86 235 558 417 229 320 353 406 469 492 608 664 843 1243 1784 1576

Imports, total 2842 2483 3027 3924 5826 8359 11285 11875 11310 11743 15637 16218 19745 25261 31969 36761 44891 62765 80714 79897
1. China, People's Republic of 5 18 32 86 144 330 329 404 515 673 1401 1606 2159 3139 4595 5900 7391 12710 15652 13199
2. Singapore 497 722 822 1058 1146 1425 2033 2128 1964 1879 2694 2478 2533 2876 3618 4482 6274 7614 9393 7689
3. Korea, Republic of 53 152 211 482 720 1254 1781 1564 1421 1486 1754 1887 2280 2625 3359 3594 3908 5340 7066 6241
VIET NAM
Asian Development Bank
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific
last updated through SDBS on 30 July 2010
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
4. Japan 169 158 239 452 586 916 1260 1509 1482 1618 2301 2183 2505 2982 3553 4074 4702 6189 – 7170
5. Thailand 17 14 41 100 226 440 495 575 674 562 811 792 955 1282 1859 2374 3034 3744 4906 5133
6. Hong Kong, China 197 195 143 145 319 419 759 599 557 505 598 538 805 991 1074 1235 1441 1951 2633 3565
7. Malaysia 1 6 36 25 66 190 200 227 249 305 389 464 683 925 1215 1257 1482 2290 2596 2161
8. United States 1 1 2 4 44 130 246 252 326 323 364 411 459 1144 1134 863 987 1701 2635 3418
9. India 4 24 9 8 28 62 88 85 109 138 178 228 325 457 594 596 880 1357 2094 1850
10. Switzerland 13 5 40 13 26 75 141 145 94 102 117 114 139 296 687 894 1357 1016 1890 1463

BALANCE OF PAYMENTS million US Dollars; calendar year

Merchandise exports, fob 1731 2042 2475 2985 4054 5198 7255 9185 9361 11540 14448 15027 16706 20149 26485 32447 39826 48561 62685 57096
Merchandise imports, fob -1772 -2105 -2535 -3532 -5244 -7543 -10030 -10432 -10350 -10568 -14072 -14546 -17760 -22730 -28722 -34886 -42602 -58921 -75467 -65402
Trade balance t -41 -63 -60 -547 -1190 -2345 -2775 -1247 -989 972 376 481 -1054 -2581 -2237 -2439 -2776 -10360 -12782 -8306
Other goods, services, and income u -356 -160 -71 -484 -278 -150 -445 -1166 -1207 -976 -1001 -1049 -1470 -1589 -1763 -1501 -1437 -3084 -5316 -5661
Credit … … … … … … 2383 2666 2743 2635 3033 3128 3115 3397 4055 4540 5768 7196 8398 6518
Debit … … … … … … -2828 -3832 -3950 -3611 -4034 -4177 -4585 -4986 -5818 -6041 -7205 -10280 -13714 -12179
Unrequited transfers v 138 90 123 264 302 627 1200 885 1122 1181 1732 1250 1921 2239 3093 3380 4049 6430 7311 6527
Private – 35 59 70 170 474 … … … … … 1100 1767 2100 2919 3150 3800 6180 6804 6018
Official 138 55 64 194 132 153 … … … … … 150 154 139 174 230 249 250 507 509
Capital account 121 -59 271 -180 897 1807 2306 … … … … … … … … 3087 3088 17730 12342 11452
Current balance -259 -133 -8 -767 -1166 -1868 -2020 -1528 -1074 1177 1107 682 -603 -1931 -957 -560 -164 -7092 -10787 -7440
Direct investment 120 220 260 300 1048 1780 2395 2220 1671 1412 1298 1300 1400 1450 1610 1889 2315 6516 9279 6900
Portfolio investment … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 865 1313 6243 -578 128
Other long-term capital w -47 -191 52 -597 -275 -284 … 356 228 2 65 139 -51 457 1162 921 1025 2269 992 4473
Other short-term capital 48 -88 -41 117 124 311 … -520 -293 -117 -29 -22 7 26 -54 46 -30 79 1971 256
Money and deposits … … … … … … … -112 -537 -787 -2088 -1197 624 1372 35 -634 -1535 2623 677 -305
Net errors and omissions -4 142 -197 -109 -140 -115 -629 -279 -218 -917 -676 -862 -1020 777 -913 -396 1398 -439 -1081 -12178
Overall balance -142 -50 66 -1056 -409 -176 … 137 -223 770 -323 40 357 2151 883 2131 4322 10199 473 -8166
Monetary movements x 142 50 -66 1056 409 176 … -137 223 -770 323 -40 -357 -2151 -883 -2131 -4322 -10199 -473 8166

Balance of Payments percent of GDP at current market prices

Exports 26.7 26.7 25.1 22.6 24.9 25.1 29.4 34.2 34.4 40.2 46.3 46.0 47.6 50.9 58.3 61.3 65.4 68.4 68.8 58.8
Imports -27.4 -27.5 -25.7 -26.8 -32.2 -36.4 -40.7 -38.9 -38.0 -36.8 -45.1 -44.5 -50.7 -57.5 -63.2 -65.9 -69.9 -83.0 -82.8 -67.3
Trade balance -0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -4.1 -7.3 -11.3 -11.3 -4.6 -3.6 3.4 1.2 1.5 -3.0 -6.5 -4.9 -4.6 -4.6 -14.6 -14.0 -8.5
Current account balance -4.0 -1.7 -0.1 -5.8 -7.2 -9.0 -8.2 -5.7 -3.9 4.1 3.6 2.1 -1.7 -4.9 -2.1 -1.1 -0.3 -10.0 -11.8 -7.7
Overall balance -2.2 -0.7 0.7 -8.0 -2.5 -0.8 … 0.5 -0.8 2.7 -1.0 0.1 1.0 5.4 1.9 4.0 7.1 14.4 0.5 -8.4

INTERNATIONAL RESERVES million US Dollars; as of end of period

Total 0.01 0.01 0.01 6.76 16.11 1379.09 1813.77 2098.12 2100.51 3423.44 3509.63 3765.13 4231.82 6359.13 7186.07 9216.47 13591.01 23747.75 24175.87 16803.13
Gold, national valuation … … … … … 55.41 77.88 112.27 98.25 97.29 93.12 90.56 110.77 134.95 144.61 165.91 206.92 268.34 285.66 356.05
Foreign exchange … … … … … 1320.41 1718.76 1973.11 1999.73 3324.69 3416.18 3660.00 4121.00 6222.00 7041.00 9049.68 13382.50 23471.80 23882.00 16027.40
Reserve position in the Fund 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
SDRs – – – 6.76 16.11 3.26 17.13 12.74 2.52 1.45 0.33 14.56 0.04 2.17 0.45 0.88 1.58 7.60 8.20 419.67

EXCHANGE RATES Dong per US Dollar

End of period 8125.00 11500.00 10565.00 10842.50 11051.00 11015.00 11149.00 12292.00 13890.00 14028.00 14514.00 15084.00 15403.00 15646.00 15777.00 15916.00 16054.00 16114.00 16977.00 17941.00
Average of period 6482.80 10037.00 11202.20 10641.00 10965.70 11038.30 11032.60 11683.30 13268.00 13943.20 14167.70 14725.20 15279.50 15509.60 15746.00 15858.90 15994.30 16105.10 16302.30 17065.10

EXTERNAL INDEBTEDNESS million US Dollars; as of end of period

Total debt outstanding and disbursed 23270 23395 24332 24168 24799 25428 26255 21777 22458 23210 12825 12585 13344 15991 18049 19114 20126 23865 26158 ...
Long-term debt 21378 21360 21648 21599 21854 21778 21962 18982 19874 20479 11586 11436 12179 14363 15631 16336 17442 19022 21618 ...
Public and publicly guaranteed 21378 21360 21648 21599 21854 21778 21962 18982 19874 20479 11586 11436 12179 14363 15631 16336 17442 19022 21618 ...
Private nonguaranteed – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – ...
Short-term debt 1780 1932 2585 2469 2663 3272 3754 2342 2193 2376 923 783 784 1289 2141 2575 2503 4679 4419 ...
Use of IMF credit 112 102 98 100 282 377 539 452 391 355 316 366 381 339 277 203 181 164 121 ...
VIET NAM
Asian Development Bank
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific
last updated through SDBS on 30 July 2010
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
External debt percent of GNI 384.0 257.1 255.3 190.6 156.2 124.0 108.2 82.6 84.1 82.0 41.7 39.0 38.7 41.8 40.5 36.9 34.4 35.7 29.7 ...
Total long-term debt percent of total debt 91.9 91.3 89.0 89.4 88.1 85.6 83.6 87.2 88.5 88.2 90.3 90.9 91.3 89.8 86.6 85.5 86.7 79.7 82.6 ...
Short-term debt percent of total debt 7.7 8.3 10.6 10.2 10.7 12.9 14.3 10.8 9.8 10.2 7.2 6.2 5.9 8.1 11.9 13.5 12.4 19.6 16.9 ...
Debt service percent of exports of goods and services ... ... ... ... ... ... 4.1 7.7 9.1 10.0 7.5 6.7 6.0 3.4 2.6 2.6 2.1 2.2 1.9 ...

Debt service million US Dollars; transactions during the year

Principal repayments on long-term debt 99.2 102.6 174.8 209.2 210.3 224.6 202.2 535.3 588.8 1023.8 936.7 791.3 827.0 433.2 356.7 465.8 462.6 614.5 736.1 793.3
Interest on long-term debt 46.4 32.3 36.4 51.0 57.3 81.5 98.2 268.3 386.6 325.8 297.6 354.0 276.0 269.9 306.0 318.3 329.3 413.8 432.7 449.9
Interest on short-term debt 23.4 14.9 19.3 26.2 31.7 46.2 85.6 47.1 36.0 33.4 51.3 27.9 23.3 28.7 49.4 114.7 123.2 194.1 135.0 ...

Average terms of new commitments

Interest percent per annum 5.7 3.1 1.7 2.0 2.7 3.3 2.5 3.2 2.4 2.3 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.9 1.8 2.9 2.1 1.0 2.2 ...
Maturity years 9.6 12.7 24.4 30.5 26.3 26.3 29.6 27.1 29.1 34.0 36.1 38.7 36.0 27.9 29.9 27.0 32.3 37.5 32.3 ...
Grace period years 4.2 5.7 8.2 8.2 7.8 7.9 8.6 7.6 8.2 9.1 9.6 9.7 9.8 7.7 7.8 9.4 8.6 9.5 8.2 ...
Grant element percent 19.9 39.9 61.7 61.7 56.9 51.9 59.3 52.6 59.5 63.9 73.2 77.2 73.7 60.7 64.2 57.2 64.7 77.1 63.5 ...

a Refers to total number of persons engaged in any activity regardless of age.

b Item includes forestry and fishing.
c Refers to public administration and defense, compulsory social security, science activities and technology, education and training, health and social work and recreation,
cultural and sporting activities.
d Refers to exports less imports of goods and services for years 1995–2000 and 2004–2009.
e Derived from balance of payments data.
f Refers to imports of refined petroleum products.
g Beginning 1994, the monetary survey was expanded to include four government and 24 nongovernment commercial banks.
h Prior to 1993, item includes time deposits. From 1993 onward, item includes time and savings deposits and deposit substitutes.
i Refers to foreign currency deposits.
j Includes cooperatives.
k Prior to 1998, item refers to claims on state enterprises.
l Refers to maximum interest per annum for state enterprise deposits.
m From 1991 onward, item refers to state budget revenue.
n From 1991 onward, item refers to recurrent revenue.
o From 1991 onward, total expenditure includes investment development and current expenditure.
p From 1991 onward, item refers to recurrent expenditure.
q From 1991 onward, item refers to development investment expenditure.
r Trade with nonconvertible areas were valuated using the conversion rate 1 Ruble = 1 Dollar for 1990 to 1991.
s Includes foreign aid in goods.
t For 1990, nonconvertible trade was valued at transferable Ruble 2.4 = 1 Dollar. From 1991 onward, trade with the former Council of Mutual Economic Assistance has
been denominated in convertible currencies.
u From 1996 onward, item refers to net services and income only.
v Prior to 1996, item includes services. From 1996 onward, item actually refers to net current transfers.
w Includes medium-term loans.
x Refers to change in net foreign assets of central bank, arrears, and rescheduling.

Sources:

Population Official communication, 22 April 2010; past communication. General Statistics Office.

Labor Force Official communication, 22 April 2010; past communication. General Statistics Office.

National Accounts Official communication, 22 April 2010; past communication. General Statistics Office.

Production Indexes
Agriculture Official communication on provisional estimates, 4 August 2010. Food and Agriculture Organization.
VIET NAM
Asian Development Bank
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific
last updated through SDBS on 30 July 2010
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Energy
Crude Petroleum For 1990–1992, 1995–2001, Statistical Yearbook 2003 ; past issues. General Statistics Office.
For 1993–1994, 2002–2009, Official communication, 22 April 2010; past communication. General Statistics Office.

Coal For 1990–2001, Statistical Yearbook 2003 ; past issues. General Statistics Office.
For 2002–2009, Official communication, 22 April 2010; past communication. General Statistics Office.

Electricity For 1990–1991, 1995–2001, Statistical Yearbook 2003 ; past issues. General Statistics Office.
For 1992–1994, 2002–2009, Official communication, 22 April 2010; past communication. General Statistics Office.

Price Indexes Official communication, 22 April 2010; past communication. General Statistics Office.

Money and Banking For 1990, Economic Update-Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, December 1994. Asian Development Bank.
For 1991–1996, Economic Mission, 4 April 1997. Asian Development Bank.
For 1997–2009, Official communication, 18 May 2010; past communication. State Bank of Viet Nam.

Government Finance For 1990, Official communication, 26 March 1994. General Statistics Office.
For 1991–2009, Official communication, 21 April 2010; past communication. Ministry of Finance.

External Trade For 1990–2000, Statistical Yearbook 2003 ; past issues. General Statistics Office.
For 2001–2009, Official communication, 22 April 2010; past communication. General Statistics Office.

Direction of Trade Direction of Trade Statistics (www2.imfstatistics.org/DOT/, downloaded May 2010). International Monetary Fund.

Balance of Payments For 1990–1995, Economic Mission, 4 April 1997. Asian Development Bank.
For 1996–2009, Official communication, 18 May 2010; past communication. State Bank of Viet Nam.

International Reserves International Financial Statistics (www.imfstatistics.org/IMF/imfbrowser.aspx, downloaded May 2010). International Monetary Fund.
Exchange Rates

External Indebtedness World Development Indicators & Global Development Finance (databank.worldbank.org/ddp/home.do, downloaded May 2010). World Bank.