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of Freedom System
1. Aim
The aim of the experiment is to determine the natural frequencies of a beam
mounted on two springs, which may be considered as a system with two degrees
of freedom.
2. Experimental Setup
The equipment to be used to carry out this experiment is shown in the diagram
below.
oleObject1
3. Experimental Procedure
For a range of frequencies (6 to 15 Hz with the step 1/2 Hz), which span the
amplitude of input force respectively; Plot frequency response function for three
4. Theory
The experiment system is under the undamped forced vibration due to harmonic
it has two natural frequencies. For each of the natural frequencies, there
as the normal mode. For the first mode, ω1, the system is largely vertical
translation with very small rotation, whereas the second modeω2, the system is
mostly rotation. This suggests that we could make a rough approximation for
mass
We take three points on the beam: one point is at each end (1, 3 respectively) and
another point is at the centre of the beam (point 2). The results of point 1 and 3
should be very similar due to similarity. Owing to point 2 is at the mass center,
when the measured amplitude of point 2 is approaching zero with increasing force
frequency but amplitudes of point 1 and 3 reaches their second peak, it indicates
that the system is almost rotation. The frequencies of applied force corresponding
to the two peak values of A1/F0 or A2/ F0 are approximately equal the two natural
5. Calculation
Original Data:
f A1 A2 A3 F0
85 65
54 8 15
15 91 39
3 26 05
93 56 6
19 61 42
87 76
72 47 81
05 19 04
94 99 52
33 71 07
16 52 92
48 59 59
22 33 33
Plotting Graph
From the three plotting graph, we could find the value of first natural
frequency which corresponds the first peak for all graphs. ω1≈8.5 Hz;
value, whereas the ratios for point 1 and 3 is approaching their second peak.
ω2≈12.5 Hz
6. Discussion
Accuracy: 1. The experiment was carrying with a step of 1/2Hz
is approximations.
2. The CRO data screen should not be freezed until the oscillation
we found the wave of point 2 graph and point 3graph is not very
data reading.
length.
Source of errors:
become steady.
2. Before CRO screen is freezed, there is disturbance made by
may didn’t zoom the displaying graph out enough, so that the
7. Conclusions
The aim of this experiment is successfully found, that is the two natural
applied force corresponding two peak values of system response at free end.
From this experiment, I find that N-DOF system has N numbers of natural
frequencies, respectively.
8. Reflection
1) Isolate the system. In order to minimize the outside disturbances like
can isolate the system with glass of low height around the table.
2) Narrowing the step of frequency we increase. The smaller the step size,
the more accurate and smoother the plotted graphs will be.
3) When take the measurement of system response and the amplitude of
input force, we had better zoom out the wave graph big enough to make