MOUNTING DIS MOUNTING

Bearing Mounting:
Small and medium sized bearings can be cold mounted, whereas bearings having bore more than 70-75mm
must be heated and mounted
.
A Hydraulic press is safe and efficient Ref. Fig. 1. In case a hydraulic press is not available or alternatively you
need to fix bearings horizontally; you can use Impact rings/Sleeves with Nylon Hammer. Ref. details on
procedure for cold mounting .

Any non-uniform load will possibly disturb internal clearances and will
cause a small dent in either inner ring or outer ring. Ref. Fig. 2. Each time Fig 1
the rolling element passes over this small dent it gets enlarged, resulting
OUTER
in premature failure of Bearing. Many technicians use pipes etc to fix
bearings. Pipes may not be of the same diameter as bearing ring. Eg. 1
Bearing 6306 has bore of 30mm, whereas bore of 1-1/2” pipe would be
40mm. This means impact would be near the ball and not on inner ring,
resulting in a situation similar to Fig. 2-A Moreover these pipes would
INNER
need to be closed from top otherwise, load would be a point LOAD and not
UNIFORM. Pipes are soft and would bulge on impact. Pipes also would INITIAL 6WEEKS 16WEEKS 25WEEKS
corrode if not properly painted/plated. The best thing is to use a good 2-A 2-B 2-C 2-D
DENT
Bearing Fitting Kit Fig 2
We are also giving herewith recommended interference between bearing/shaft and bearing /housing Ref. Table 1. This is a very general
chart, the best thing is to consult manufacturer.

Table – 1 shaft seating limits for metric bearings (values in micro-metres)

Shaft over - 6 10 18 30 50 80 120 150 180 250 315

Mm incl 6 10 18 30 50 80 120 150 180 250 315 400

Int grade j5 j5 j5 j5 j5 k5 k5 k5 m5 m5 n6 n6
fit

limits +3 +4 +5 +5 +6 +15 +18 +21 +33 +37 +66 +73

-2 -2 -3 -4 -5 -2 +3 +3 +15 +17 +34 +37

Sliding grade g6 g6 g6 g6 g6 g6 g6 g6 g6 g6 g6 g6
Fit

Limits -4 -5 -6 -7 -9 -10 -12 -14 -14 -15 -17 -18

-12 -14 -17 -20 -25 -29 -34 -39 -39 -44 -49 -54

If shaft/bearing interference is not within limits the internal clearances of the bearing will get reduced which
will lead to premature failure. Eg. 2, Bearing 6306 has I.D. of 30mm. Recommended shaft size is
30.005/30.006 to 29.995/29.996. Hence the shaft needs to be made on very precision grinding machines
with facilities of measuring shaft size in 0.001mm. In case shaft has been reconditioned please ensure
these tolerance and also ensure zero bend of shaft. Otherwise bearing is likely to fail prematurely.

b) HOT MOUNTING: The bearing must be kept in a beaker with parallels below ref. Fig. 3. Oil must be clear
and gently heated from ambient to about 110'C, in small steps of 10'C and soaked at this temperature for Temp.
Set
about 10 minutes, it could then be taken out and pushed into the shaft. (If bearing is heated to more than
120'C the bearing will loose its hardness.)
Fig 3
NEVER put a bearing into hot oil directly, it will get distorted.
Also please ensure oil is clean and has a high flash point

Induction heaters are ideal for mounting large sized bearings. Ref. Fig. 4 However initial investment is
rather high.

Fig 4
Precautions When Mounting Bearings
Inspect the bearing visually by using a magnifying glass for correct numbering, and also ensure both inner ring /outer ring is free of dents;
otherwise it could be a used bearing. There should also not be any discoloration on inner/outer ring, or cage, Otherwise it could be a used
bearing.

Ensure shaft is free of nicks; cuts, burr etc. If shaft has been reconditioned check for tolerances. Apply a smear of oil on shaft/bearing
before mounting. Do not remove bearings from their packing until you actually start mounting. Do not remove the rust inhibiting
compound except in bore/O.D. Remove this compound by washing with turpentine oil etc before mounting. Choose a clean environment free
of dist for mounting.

Also ensure mounting Tools are free of rust etc. Clean all mailing parts with a fine cloth, never use cotton waste.

In case you are mounting a used bearing once again, clean it thoroughly (but ENSURE that the bearing is FIT to be reused). It may be
necessaries to protect Bearing while mounting other elements.
BEARING IMPACT RING
IMPACT SLEEVE
PROCEDUERE FOR COLD MOUNTING :
If you are using a Bearing Fitting Tool select the correct Impact
ring / Impactc sleave combination. Place the bearing on shaft and slightly SHAFT
tap it with a nylon hammer to get initial seating. Give gentle blows with
hammer and push bearing up to desired position. Ref. Fig. 5

Once bearing is correctly mounted apply the lubricant with clean hands,
and check for free rotation, recommended Radial/Axial play etc.
NYLON HAMMER
Once all this is OK, machine can be started. Fig 5 L = 200 mm

Detailed procedure for mounting Angular contact Bearings Cylinders roller Bearings, Taper roller Bearings and Spherical roller Bearings
must be obtained from bearing manufacturers.

We very briefly describe procedure for mounting these bearings.

1) Angular contact Bearings:

Single row angular contact bearings carry load in one direction only, hence they are
adjusted against a second single row bearing, Ref. Fig. 6 Mount these using a good
Bearing Fitting Kit/Induction Heaters. Double row angular contact bearings need not
be matched and can be mounted with Fitting Kit/Heaters.

2) Cylindrical roller Bearings: These are generally separable wherein the inner
ring is Shrink fit/Interference fit on shaft & outer ring along with rolling elements is slide fit Fig 6
on inner ring. It is recommended to heat the inner ring before mounting.

3) Taper Roller Bearings:

They carry axial loads in one direction only; they are therefore
adjusted against a second bearing for reversing axial loads. Dial gauge
Ref. Fig. 7 The set clearance can be measured by a dial
gauge. Please obtain details from bearing manufacturer for
recommended Axial play.

MOUNTING BEARINGS WITH TAPPER BORE

Small Bearings are generally cold mounted using ring/sleeve Fig 7
& hammer, or a lock nut and spanner. Large bearings are
generally mounted using hydraulic nut or oil injection tools. Journals of these bearings having Taper of 1:12 or 1:30 must be checked with
a Taper gauge. In case these bearings have a sleeve please obtain details of mounting from manufacturer.

4) MOUNTING SPHERICAL ROLLER BEARINGS: Blade

Before mounting the bearing, measure the radial internal clearance with
a feeler gauge, since the reduction of internal clearance is used as a
measure of interference Ref. Fig. 8.

Stand the bearing on a clear work surface and rotate the inner ring a few
times. Use a blade slightly thinner than the minimum value of the clearance
before mounting, (check the table II.) Insert it over the roller next to the
uppermost roller. In that position measure with an increasingly thicker
blade until, when attempting to pull out the blade, there is a slight
resistance. Ref. Fig. 8a.
8a Fig. 8 8b
Push the bearing up on to the shaft and check the reduction in internal clearance during drive-up under the lowest roller. Ref. Fig. 8b.
See Table 2 for guidelines. The minimum values for internal clearance given in the table apply mainly to bearings in which clearance is
close to the lower limit. This will give the minimum permissible clearance.

TABLE II

Bearing bore Reduction in Axial Drive Up s' Minimum permissible

Diameter radial internal Taper 1:12 Taper 1:30 residual clearance 2
D clearance on diameter after mounting bearings

With intial clearance

Over incl Min MaX Min Max. Min Max. Normal C3 C4

mm mm mm mm

24 30 0.015 0.020 0.3 0.35 - - 0.015 0.020 0.035

30 40 0.020 0.025 0.35 0.4 - - 0.015 0.025 0.040
40 50 0.025 0.030 0.4 0.45 - - 0.020 0.030 0.050

50 65 0.030 0.040 ` 0.45 0.6 - - 0.025 0.035 0.055

65 80 0.040 0.050 0.6 0.75 - - 0.025 0.040 0.070
80 100 0.045 0.060 0.7 0.9 1.7 2.2 0.035 0.050 0.080

100 120 0.050 0.070 0.75 1.1 1.9 2.7 0.050 0.065 0.100
120 140 0.065 0.090 1.1 1.4 2.7 3.5 0.055 0.080 0.110
140 160 0.075 0.100 1.2 1.6 3.0 4.0 0.055 0.090 0.130

160 180 0.080 0.110 1.3 ` 1.7 3.2 4.2 0.060 0.100 0.150
180 20 0.090 0.130 1.4 2.0 3.5 5.0 0.070 0.100 0.160
200 225 0.100 0.140 1.6 2.2 4.0 5.5 0.080 0.120 0.180

In case Spherical roller bearing have a withdrawl sleeve or an adaptor sleeve please obtain details of mounting procedure from bearing
manufacturer.

Good Engineering practices on mounting of Bearings and other rotating elements including Couplings, Pulleys, Gears would substantially
reduce failure of three elements, especially Bearings.

The information given is extremely general. Detailed information should be obtained from Bearing manufacturers.

DISMOUNTING BEARINGS
Dismounting has the potential to cause internal bearing damage. It is our estimate that 30% of Good Bearings get damaged due to
IMPROPER DISMOUNTING OF PULLEYS, COUPLINGS etc. Many a times shafts also get BENT due to improper dismounting. CHISELING/
HAMMERING can cause immense damage, hence it is imperative that your maintenance department is equipped with proper tools for
dismounting.

Before dismounting prepare for the process. Review the assembly and choose the right method. There are four different types of mounting
arrangements viz. Cylindrical seating, Tapered seating, adaptor sleeve and withdrawal sleeve, and four different dismounting methods. Viz.
Mechanical, Hydraulic, Oil injection & heating. The choice of method depends on size of equipment and also type of bearing. Small/medium
sized equipments can be handled by a mechanical puller, for larger equipment hydraulic puller is ideal. Shrink fit components may require
oil injection technique or heating.

(A) Dismounting Bearing with Cylindrical Bore: A good mechanical puller is OK for small medium sized bearing. A good mechanical puller
should have the following characteristics. (1) It should not Slip (2) It should have the load carrying capacity, otherwise tip of jaws would
bend/break or spindle would seize or main body would bend. Herein you must realize that when you apply a puller either the
bearing/pulley etc. starts dismounting or something goes wrong with the puller. Thus Reliability of the puller is extremely critical.
While extracting bearings, which are tight on shaft, it is best to dismount
from inner ring. In large bearings this may not be possible hence you
could either use C Washers or otherwise you would need to shift position
of jaws for every few rotations of spindle. Ref. Fig. 1. For bearings having
interference fit in housing you can use a sleeve or drift Ref. Fig. 2.
Another alternative is to thread 2/3 holes as per Fig. 3. You can also
create notches in the housing to fix jaws of puller Ref. 4.

Fig. 1

SLEEVE JACKING BEARING

DRIFT NOTCH
BOLT HOUSING

BEARING SHAFT
NOTCH

BEARING
Fig. 2 a Fig. 2 Fig. 2 b Fig. 3 Fig. 4-A Fig. 4 Fig. 4-B

HYDRAULIC TOOLS:
Hydraulic Pullers have the advantage of giving UNIFORM FORCE, HIGH CAPACITY and an inbuilt arrangement to PREVENT OVERLOAD.
There is no conversion from ROTARY TO LINEAR motion as is the case with mechanical pullers. FATIGUE of the operator is minimal. For
Tonnages of 20 and above it is best to use hydraulic pullers.

DISMOUNTING CYLINDERICAL ROLLER BEARINGS:

The inner ring of the bearing is SHRINK FIT on shaft and you will have
to heat* the inner ring for dismounting. Ref. 5. The source of heat must
be intense and shaft must be continuously rotated or alternatively heat
source has to be rotated. Keep the shaft cold by using wet cotton waste
etc, or you can use nitrogen gas. There is always a risk that shaft would
get bend while dismounting, hence utmost case must be taken while
applying heat. Once inner ring is heated, it can be removed immediately
by a puller or simply by giving gentle blows with a drift Fig. 5
*The level of heat will depend on size of Bearing. Generally 250° C should be enough. Special heaters for dismounting cylindrical roller bearing
or use blue flame of oxy-acetylene torch

OIL INJECTION METHOD: BEARING

The oil injection method is an excellent arrangement to dismount large
bearings, couplings which are shrunk fit on shafts. Oil is injected
under pressure upto 50 Mpa (7140 PSI) between the surfaces through DUCT
ducts and a distribution groove Ref. Fig. 6 . The oil film that forms
over the seating, reduces friction to almost zero. If you wish to equip a
shaft that does not have a groove please ask for details.

For mounting/dismounting of Tapered seating please contact bearing HIGH PRESSUR

manufacturer for details. GROOVE PUMP

For dismounting large bearings with Adaptor sleeve or withdrawal

sleeve please contact bearing manufacturer. Fig. 6
The information given is extremely general; please obtain details from
equipment manufacturers.

Good Engineering practices on dismounting would definitely

contribute substantially in reducing Breakdowns of rotating
equipment.

WORKS : 438/2, G.I.D.C. MAKARPURA, BARODA-390 010.

Ph. No.: 0265-2649927, 2656221 Fax : 0265-2343354
e-mail : ektaentp@reliancemail.net ekta_99@satyam.net.in