OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM L.

(Alfavaca)

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Composition of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum grown in Rwanda.

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Component composition of essential oils in eugenol-type basils. Zamureenko, V. A.;
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Essential oil from the leaves and inflorescence of Ocimum gratissimum. Sainsbury,
M.; Sofowora, E. A. Phytochemistry (Elsevier) (1971), 10(12), 3309-10.
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Nutritional importance and micronutrient potentials of two non-conventional indigenous

green leafy vegetables from Nigeria. Thomas, Adepoju Oladejo; Oyediran, Oyewole
Emmanuel. Agricultural Journal (Faisalabad, Pakistan) (2008), 3(5), 362-365.

Evaluation of mineral and amino acid composition of leaves of Ocimum gratissimum

(L.). Egesie, U. G.; Adelaiye, A. B.; Egesie, O. J. Nigerian Journal of Health and
Biomedical Sciences (2007), 6(1), 15-17.

Physical-chemical characterization of some species of medicinal plants. Lopes, M. F.

G.; Almeida, M. M. B.; Noguelra, C. M. D.; Morais, N. M. TFortaleza-Ceara, Brazil.
Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais (2001), 4(1), 95-98.

Nutritional quality of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. seed (bantulsi) oil. Bandhu, C.;
Bhattacharyya, D. K. Department of Chemical Technology, University Colleges of
Science and Technology, Calcutta, India. Journal of the Oil Technologists'
Association of India (Mumbai, India) (1996), 28(3), 83-85.
Composition of Ocimum gratissimum (shrubby basil) seed mucilage. Tharanathan,
R. N.; Shamanna, D. Indian Journal of Chemistry (1975), 13(3), 307-8

Ocimum gratissimum. IV. Root constituents of the plant. Ali, M. Erfan;

Shamsuzzaman, Lohani A. MScientific Researches (Dacca) (1968), 5(2-3), 95-8.
Phytochemical analysis of essential minerals in medicinal plants. Jain, Jaya.
Journal of Ultra Scientist of Physical Sciences (2009), 21(1), 125-128.
Nutritional and antimicrobial properties of Ocimum gratissimum leaves. Oboh, Fred
O. J.; Masodje, Honeybell I.; Enabulele, Stephen A. Journal of Biological Sciences
(Faisalabad, Pakistan) (2009), 9(4), 377-380.

Phytochemical investigation, nutritive value and biological activity of the seeds of

Ocimum gratissimum L. Fathy, Fify I.; Sleem, Amany A.; Abdul-Aal, Abeer K. .
Bulletin of the Faculty of Pharmacy (Cairo University) (2007), 45(1), 69-82.

Molecules 2008, 13(10), 2482-2487; Variation of Ursolic Acid Content in

Eight Ocimum Species from Northeastern Brazil. M. Goretti V. Silva 1,*  , Icaro G.P.
Vieira 2,3, Francisca N.P. Mendes 3, Irineu L. Albuquerque 4, Rogério N. dos Santos 1,
Fábio O. Silva 1 and Selene M. Morais 

HPLC/DAD/MS characterisation and analysis of flavonoids and cinnamoyl derivatives in

four Nigerian green-leafy vegetables. Ola, Salawu Sule; Catia, Giaccherini; Marzia,
Innocenti; Francesco, Vincieri Franco; Afolabi, Akindahunsi Akintunde; Nadia,
Mulinacci. Food Chemistry (2009), 115(4), 1568-1574.
Uso de marcadores químicos no estudo da diversidade genética de Ocimum
gratissimum L.1 Roberto F. Vieira1*; Renée J. Grayer2; Alan Patonb2; James E.
Simon, Rev. Bras. Farmacogn., v. 12, supl., p. 126-129, 2002.

PEREIRA, Cíntia Alessandra Matiucci; MAIA, June Ferreira. Estudo da atividade

antioxidante do extrato e do óleo essencial obtidos das folhas de alfavaca (Ocimum
gratissimum L.). Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.,  v. 27,  n. 3, Sept.  2007 .   

Antioxidant activity of microwave-assisted extract of Buddleia officinalis and its major

active component, Wang, H., Ji, X., Wang, K., Liu, P. 2010 Food Chemistry 121 (2), pp.
497-502

Zupancic, A.; Topical anti-inflammatory activity of Salvia officinalis L. leaves: the

relevance of ursolic acid. J. Ethnopharm. 2001, 75, 125-132.

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Volume 48, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 539-543   Chemical composition, antifungal
and antiaflatoxigenic activities of Ocimum sanctum L. essential oil and its safety
assessment as plant based antimicrobial, Kumar, A., Shukla, R., Singh, P., Dubey,
N.K.

The formulation of an effective topical antibacterial product containing Ocimum

gratissimum leaf essential oil., Orafidiya LO, Oyedele AO, Shittu AO, Elujoba AA., Int J
Pharm. 2001 Aug 14;224(1-2):177-83.
Atividades antiinflamatória e antinociceptiva do eugenol em modelos experimentais em
animais, Daniel, NA, Sartoretto, SM, Schmidt, G, Caparroz-Assef, S. Revista Brasileira
de Farmacognosia; volume 19, número 1b, páginas 212-217. Março 2009.

Antileishmanial activity of Eugenol-rich essential oil from Ocimum gratissimum , Ueda-

Nakamura, T., Mendonça-Filho, R.R., Morgado-Díaz, J.A., Korehisa Maza, P., Prado
Dias Filho, B., Aparício Garcia Cortez, D., Alviano, D.S., (...), Nakamura, C.V. 2006
Parasitology International 55 (2), pp. 99-105

. Bioactivity of Ocimum gratissimum L. oil and two of its

constituents against five insect pests attacking stored food
products, Ogendo, J.O., Kostyukovsky, M., Ravid, U., Matasyoh, J.C., Deng,
A.L., Omolo, E.O., Kariuki, S.T., Shaaya, E.b, Journal of Stored Products Research
Volume 44, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 328-334 

Ocimum gratissimum. IV. Root constituents of the plant. Ali, M. Erfan;

Shamsuzzaman, Lohani A. M. East Reg. Lab., Pakistan Counc. Sci. Ind. Res.,
Dacca, Pak. Scientific Researches (Dacca) (1968), 5(2-3), 95-8.

Antimicrobial activities of the volatile oils of Ocimum bacilicum L. and Ocimum

gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) against some aerobic dental isolates, Ahonkhai, I.a ,
Ayinde, B.A.b , Edogun, O.a , Uhuwmangho, M.U.c , Pakistan Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences , volume 22, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 405-409  

Manufacture of anti-inflammatory and analgesic mouthwash containing Ocimum

gratissimum oil and borax. Liu, Xiaoman. (Peop. Rep. China). Faming Zhuanli
Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2006), 5pp. CODEN: CNXXEV CN 1820737 A
20060823 Patent written in Chinese. Application: CN 2006-10066944 2006040

Studies on the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum
L. leaf , Orafidiya, L.O., Agbani, E.O., Iwalewa, E.O., Adelusola, K.A., Oyedapo, O.O.
2004 Phytomedicine 11 (1), pp. 71-76,

J Vector Borne Dis 47, March 2010, pp. 45–50, Preliminary study on mosquito repellent
and mosquitocidal activities of Ocimum gratissimum (L.) grown in eastern Nigeria,
Evangeline T. Oparaocha, Iraneus Iwub & J.E. Ahanakuc
Food Control, Volume 21, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 186-190 Comparative study
of the simultaneous action of three essential oils on Aspergillus flavus and Sitophilus
zeamais Motsch, N.L. Tatsadjieu , A. Yaoubab, E.N. Nukeninec, M.B. Ngassoumd and
C.M.F. Mbofungb
Essential oils composition of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum gratissimum L. from
Kenya and their inhibitory effects on growth and fumonisin production by Fusarium
verticillioides, Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies
Volume 11, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 410-414, Dambolena, J.S. Zunino, M.P.a
López, A.G., Rubinstein, H.R., Zygadlo, J.A., Mwangi, J.W, Thoithi, G.N., Kibwage,
I.O., Mwalukumbi, J.M., Kariuki, S.T.

Antimicrobial activities of the volatile oils of Ocimum bacilicum L. and Ocimum

gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) against some aerobic dental isolates, Ahonkhai, I.a ,
Ayinde, B.A.b , Edogun, O.a , Uhuwmangho, M.U.c , Pakistan Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences , volume 22, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 405-409  

Anti-trypanosomal effects of aquenous extract of Ocimum gratissimum (lamiaceae) leaf

in rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei, Adamu, M.a , Nwosu, C.O.b , Agbede,
R.I.S.c , African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines
Volume 6, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 262-267 

Colpas, F.T., Schwan-Estrada, K.R.F., Stangarlin, J.R., Ferrarese, M.L., Scapim, C.A.,
Bonaldo, S.M. Induction of plant defense responses by Ocimum gratissimum L.
(Lamiaceae) leaf extracts | Summa Phytopathologica 35 (3), pp. 191-195, 2009

Effects of essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf., Lippia sidoides Cham.,
and Ocimum gratissimum L. on growth and ultrastructure of Leishmania chagasi
promastigotes Parasitology Research 104 (5), pp. 1053-1059, 2009.
Valéria C. S. Oliveira1, Daniela M. S. Moura2, José A. D. Lopes1, Paulo P. de Andrade3,
Nicácio H. da Silva4 and Regina C. B. Q. Figueiredo2 

Eugenol protects nicotine-induced superoxide mediated oxidative damage in murine

peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Kar Mahapatra, Santanu; Chakraborty, Subhankari
Prasad; Majumdar, Subrata; Bag, Braja Gopal; Roy, Somenath. Immunology and
European Journal of Pharmacology (2009), 623(1-3), 132-140.
Antibacterial effects of extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and piper guineense on
Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Nwinyi, Obinna C.; Chinedu, Nwodo S.;
Ajani, Olayinka O.; Ikpo, Chinwe O.; Ogunniran, Kehinde O, African Journal of Food
Science (2009), 3(3), 077-081.
a Ocimum gratissimum and Thymus vulgaris against mycotoxigenic fungi. Nguefack,
J.; Dongmo, J. B. Lekagne; Dakole, C. D.; Leth, V.; Vismer, H. F.; Torp, J.; Guemdjom,
E. F. N.; Mbeffo, M.; Tamgue, O.; Fotio, D.; Zollo, P. H. Amvam; Nkengfack, A. E.
International Journal of Food Microbiology (2009), 131(2-3), 151-156.
Nutritional and antimicrobial properties of Ocimum gratissimum leaves. Oboh, Fred
O. J.; Masodje, Honeybell I.; Enabulele, Stephen A. Journal of Biological Sciences
(Faisalabad, Pakistan) (2009), 9(4), 377-380.

Verma, H., Agrawal, N., Shri, R., Kumar, S., Patra, A. Anxiolytic effect of ocimum
gratissimum on the elevated plus maze model of anxiety in mice Pharmacologyonline 3,
pp. 244-249, 2008

P. Fandohana, B. Gnonlonfina, A. Laleyec, J.D. Gbenoub, R. Darbouxc and M.

Moudachirou, Toxicity and gastric tolerance of essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus,
Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum basilicum in Wistar rats , Food and Chemical
Toxicology, Volume 46, Issue 7, July 2008, Pages 2493-2497

Bioactivity of Ocimum gratissimum L. oil and two of its constituents against five insect
pests attacking stored food products, Ogendo, J.O. Kostyukovsky, M., Ravid, U.,
Matasyoh, J.C., Kariuki, S.T.e, Shaaya, E.b, Journal of Stored Products Research
Volume 44, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 328-334 

T. Mbata & A. Saikia : Antibacterial Activity And Phytochemical Screening Of Crude

Ethanolic Extract Of Leaves Of Ocimum Gratissimum L On Listeria
Monocytogenes. . The Internet Journal of Microbiology. 2008 Volume 4 Number 2.

Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Ocimum gratissimum L. from different

populations of Kenya. Matasyoh, Lexa G.; Matasyoh, Josphat C.; Wachira, Francis
N.; Kinyua, Miriam G.; Muigai, Anne W. Thairu; Mukiama, Titus K. Complementary
and Alternative Medicines (2008), 5(2), 187-193.

Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous leaves extract of Ocimum

gratissimum (Labiate) in rodents. Tanko, Y.; Magaji, G. M.; Yerima, M.; Magaji, R. A.;
Mohammed, A African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative
Medicines (2008), 5(2), 141-146.

chemical etude and activite antdiarrheique of the essential oils of two aromatic plants of
the pharmacopee from the Ivory coast, Oussou, K.R., Yolou, S., Boti, J.B., Guessennd,
K.N., Kanko, C., Ahibo, C., Casanova, J. 2008 European Journal of Scientific Research
24 (1), pp. 94-103

FRANCO, A. L. P.; et al./Revista Eletrônica de Farmácia Vol IV (2), 00-00, 2007. 212,
Studies of disintegrant properties of seed mucilage of Ocimum gratissimum.
Ravikumar; Shirwaikar, A. A.; Shirwaikar, Annie; Prabu, S. Lakhshmana; Mahalaxmi,
R.; Rajendran, K.; Kumar, C. Dinesh. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
(2007), 69(6), 753-758.
In vitro antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities of plant extracts from Democratic Republic
of Congo. Tona, G. L.; Mesia, G. K.; Nanga, T. H.; Cimanga, R. K.; Apers, S.; Cos,
P.; Maes, L.; Pieters, L.; Vlietinck, A. J. Recent Research Developments in Plant
Science (2007), 4 41-60.

Fungicidal potential of essential oils and fractions from Cymbopogan citratus, Ocimum
gratissimum and Thymus vulgaris to control Alternaria padwickii and Bipolaris oryzae, 2
seed-borne fungi of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Nguefack, J.; Nguikwie, S. K.; Fotio, D.;
Dongmo, B.; Zollo, P. H. Amvam; Leth, V.; Nkengfack, A. E.; Poll, L. Journal of
Essential Oil Research (2007), 19(6), 581-587.

A study on the composition, autoxidation and antimicrobial activity of the leaf essential
oil of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. against Helicobacter pylori and Neisseria sicca.
Orafidiya, L. O.; Kaloustian, J.; Agbani, E. O.; Portugal, H.; Abudu, A.; Igbeneghu, O. A.;
Abou, L.; Mikail, C.; Ivaldi, B.; Adetogun, G. A. International Journal of Essential Oil
Therapeutics (2007), 1(3), 103-109.
Chemical composition and in vitro cytotoxic activity of essential oils from two tropical
Lamiaceae: Aeollanthus pubescens Benth. and Ocimum gratissimum L. Koba, K.;
Sanda, K.; Guyon, C.; Raynaud, C.; Millet, J.; Chaumont, J. P.; Nicod, L Journal of
Essential Oil-Bearing Plants (2007), 10(1), 60-69.

Inhibition of breast tumor growth and angiogenesis by a medicinal herb: Ocimum

gratissimum. Nangia-Makker, Pratima; Tait, Larry; Shekhar, Malathy P. V.; Palomino,
Eduardo; Hogan, Victor; Piechocki, Marie P.; Funasaka, Tatsuyoshi; Raz, Avraham.
International Journal of Cancer (2007), 121(4), 884-894.

Gastro-protective properties of the leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum L. against

experimental ulcers in rat, Akah, P.A. , John-Africa, L. , Nworu, C.S., International
Journal of Pharmacology ,Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2007, Pages 461-467 

Antifungal activity of essential oil isolated from Ocimum gratissimum L. (eugenol

chemotype) against phytopathogenic fungi. Faria, Terezinha de Jesus; Ferreira,
Rafael Sottero; Yassumoto, Lidiane; Pinto de Souza, Jose Roberto; Ishikawa, Noemia
Kazue; Barbosa, Aneli de Melo Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology (2006),
49(6), 867-871.
Planta Med. 2005 Jan;71(1):20-3., In vivo antimalarial activity of essential oils from
Cymbopogon citratus and Ocimum gratissimum on mice infected with Plasmodium
berghei. ,Tchoumbougnang F, Zollo PH, Dagne E, Mekonnen Y.

Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 100(1), February 2005, Antifungal activity
from Ocimum gratissimum L. towards Cryptococcus neoformans Janine de Aquino
Lemos, Xisto Sena Passos, Orionalda de Fátima Lisboa Fernandes, José Realino de
Paula**, Pedro Henrique Ferri*, Lúcia Kioko Hasimoto e Souza, Aline de Aquino Lemos,
Maria do Rosário Rodrigues Silva/+

Revista Brasileira de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical

Sciences, vol. 41, n. 1, jan./mar., 2005, Effects of medicinal plant extracts on growth of
Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi, Patrícia Shima Luize1, Tatiana
Shioji Tiuman1, Luis Gustavo Morello2, Paloma Korehiza Maza2,Tânia Ueda-
Nakamura2, Benedito Prado Dias Filho2, Diógenes Aparício Garcia Cortez1,
JoãoCarlos Palazzo de Mello1 and Celso Vataru Nakamura2*

Comparative in vitro effects of AZT and extracts of Ocimum gratissimum, Ficus polita,
Clausena anisata, Alchornea cordifolia, and Elaeophorbia drupifera against HIV-1 and
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Antimycotic potency of some essential oils in the treatment of induced dermatomycosis

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