Contents

Page
Speech of the Chairman
Organization Chart of Ministry of Electricity and Energy
Organization Chart of NEW and Renewable Energy Authority
Members of the Board
Statistical Information
Vision
Policies
Wind Energy
Lands
Solar Energy
Testing and Research Center
Research projects in the field of biomass
Training
Co-operation with Arab countries
International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)
Activities of Exchanging Expertise and Capacity Building
Activities Under Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
Power units and the most important factors
Related Links
 Speech of H.E.
Dr.Hassan Ahmed Younes
Minister of Electricity & Energy
Energy plays significant role in any nation’s
progress, and securing its resources is one of
the most important aspects of any
development plans.
The strategy of Energy and Electricity Sector
aims to meet all development needs from
electricity, and in order to achieve this, its
strategy is based on diversifying energy
resources, through all available sources of
energy, and improving energy efficiency.
Besides, the energy sector aims also through
this strategy to encourage local manufacturing
of energy supplies, protecting the
environment and adopting new technologies.
The global attention of renewable energy has
increased in recent decades, and this is due to
different factors, including, the need to
protect environment, the instability that the
conventional energy markets witnessed in
recent years, and meeting the increased
demand of energy in order to achieve
sustainable development.
Egypt is endowed with different renewable
energy resources, especially wind and solar
energies. Accordingly, it was necessary to set
up a specialized body to promote the different
uses of renewable energy, and hence, the New
and Renewable Energy Authority (NREA)
was established in 1986. Since then, it has
been working to disseminate the utilization of
renewable energy in different fields
performing efficiency tests, and conserving
energy.
All these activities were undertaken through
an integrated system that includes NREA and
various electricity companies which all aim at
securing energy supply in order to achieve
development goals.
Our activities in the field of renewable energy
are based on scientific approach, and there are
several activities in that field including,
energy resources assessment, issuance of both
wind and solar Atlases and hence specifying
the most appropriate sites for implementing
different projects in the renewable energy
fields.
The fruitful international co-operation played
an important role in moving from the phase of
experimental projects with limited capacities
to large scale renewable energy grid-
connected projects. The total installed
capacities from wind energy projects reached
550 MW in Zafarana and Hurghada in 2010.
These projects were implemented in co-
operation with Denmark, Germany, Spain
and Japan. There are current projects under
preparation with capacity of 1120 MW. in
Gulf of Zayt on Red Sea Coast.
The future of Renewable Energy is promising
and holds a lot of progress to our country. The
Supreme Council of Energy has approved an
ambitious plan that aims to reach 20% of total
generated electricity through renewable
energy by the year 2020 including 12% from
wind energy, and this will be achieved
through establishing grid-connected wind
farms with total capacity of approximately
7200 MW, in addition to other renewable
energy application such as solar energy and
hydro power.
Some of projects of renewable energy will be
state – owned projects by (NREA) and the
others will be implemented through private
sector investments.
On the other hand, the first solar thermal
power plant in Egypt is currently under
implementation. The plant uses the parabolic
trough technology integrated with combined
cycle using natural gas as fuel. The capacity
of the project is 140 MW and it is located in
Kuraymat. The project is expected to be
operated in 2011.
The Ministry of Energy and Electricity
represented by NREA has established the
“Testing and Research Centre” in 1996. The
center is equipped with the latest technologies
for assessing performance and quality of
different renewable energy equipment. The
authority has established also laboratories for
testing
different home appliances as refrigerators,
washing machines, air conditioners and
energy saving lighting units “Lamb”. All
these efforts is exerted to serve the energy
efficiency activities in Egypt.
This year we celebrate the 25th anniversary of
establishment of New and Renewable Energy
Authority which represents the interest of
energy sector in non-conventional energy. We
are proud of what we have achieved in the
field of wind and solar energies and all the
other projects that implemented in such areas
which put Egypt among the leaders in the
region in this field.
 Speech of Eng.
Abd El Rahman Salah El Din
Executive Chairman
This year, we celebrate the 25th
anniversary of the establishment of New
and Renewable Energy Authority, and
during all these years, we witnessed a
great changes in energy field, both in local
and global levels. These changes were
expressed in technology development
,introduction of different new technologies
and changes in energy prices across the
whole world ,in addition to success and
economic challenge beside different
political and social changes. All these
changes resulted in deep connection
between environmental issues, energy and
sustainable development, and hence, the
renewable energy gained great importance
and becomes not only a field for research
and development but played significant
role and became an economical &
commercial tool to increase energy
security and supply.
During this two decades we observed
emergence of new technologies; as wind
and solar technologies which become
among the most important technologies of
renewable energy, while some
technologies as wave and sea energies
have recessed to a great extent.
Egypt has succeeded in coping with all
these changes and this is due to its insight
that renewable energy activities needs
specialized entity which is New and
Renewable Energy Authority, with a
mission to disseminates the different uses
of renewable energy and increasing its
shares in energy supplies in a way that
leads to fuel saving, improving our
environment and adopting new
technologies.
Egypt has become one of the leading
countries in renewable energy field in
Africa and Middle East, especially in wind
and solar power.
There are wind projects with total capacity
of 550 MW, in addition to solar thermal
power plant with capacity of 140 MW.
Besides, Egypt has put an ambitious
strategy that aim to reach 20% of total
generated electricity by the year 2020.
Renewable energy projects have gone
through different stages during all these
years ranging from resources assessment,
experimental projects, large-scale
governmental projects till private sector
projects.
Our leadership in this field has been
achieved through the efforts exerted by all
NREA’s staff and under the wise
management of all its leaders along all
these years. And as a way of expressing
our deep concern and gratitude, we have
included in this annual report just a
summary of their achievements in a
section entitled “25 years of achievements
in photos”.
And finally, I express my deep
appreciation and thanks to all NREA’s
staff and to all those who were behind the
success and progress of renewable energy
activities in Egypt.
Energy in Egypt
Egypt is a Middle Income Country (MIC)
with strong ownership of its development
strategy. The Government has established
a good track record of economic reform.
This has led to a friendlier investment
climate, which in turn has yielded a strong
private sector response.
However, this economic growth has been
accompanied by a growth in energy use,
especially higher demand for electricity
implying adding about 1500 – 2000
MW/year.
Among its neighbors, Egypt is considered
energy-resource endowed, with its crude
oil and natural gas reserves meeting 95%
of its overall needs. Egypt’s proven oil
reserves stand 18.4 billion barrel.
Egypt, has a strategic importance in the
international oil trade, because of its
operation of the Suez Canal and SUMED
(Suez Mediterranean) oil pipelines, two
routes for export of Arab Gulf oil. Egypt
has the largest reformers capacity in the
African continent with capacity of 726
barrel daily
Egypt’s proven oil reserves for 2009/2010
are estimated at 78 trillion cubic feet
(TCF). About 60% of the domestic natural
gas production is utilized by power sector
and the domestic gas demand is increasing
competing with increasing gas exports
through pipelines.
Growing of Natural Gas Recourses
(2000/2001) to 2007/2008)
In view of the increasing pressures on
fossil fuel resources and the resulting
increases in local and global
environmental impacts, one of the key
pillars of the GoE's energy strategy is
greater reliance on renewable energy
sources. particularly wind and
concentrated solar power (CSP).
Hydropower is the third major energy
resource in use, but most of the Nile's
hydropower potential, about 85 percent,
has already been exploited to generate
about 13 TWh of electricity per annum.
Renewable energy development has been
led by NREA that has developed and
operated renewable energy generation
facilities with concessional financing from
donors, which include 550 MW of wind
power plants with 140 MW concentrated
solar power (CSP) field.
The electricity generation expansion plan
for Egypt includes achieving a total solar
capacity of 150 MW by 2017. Some of the
world's best wind power resources are in
Egypt, especially in the areas of the Gulf
of Suez, where at least 7200 MW could be
potentially developed by 2020.
In order to accelerate the wind program to
be able to achieve the ambitious target, the
Government is pursuing a wind
commercialization program that will focus
on engaging the private sector. One of the
key models is the competitive bidding
approach where the EETC will issue
tenders requesting supply of power from
large scale renewable energy resources for
specific pre-determined sites on a Build,
Own, Operate (BOO) basis. It is expected
that the competitive bidding approach will
result in additional capacity of about 2500
MW of private sector capacity.
Egypt's electricity network is
interconnected with neighboring Libya
and Jordan and through these countries
further on with Maghreb and Mashreq
countries, respectively. Given its excellent
renewable energy, resources, there is also
a good potential for trading "green
energy" within the region and outside the
region.
NREA Headquarter
The Ministry of Electricity and Energy
(MoEE) is the principal policy agency in
the electricity sector, including Egyptian
Electricity Holding Company (EEHC),
New and Renewable Energy Authority,
Rural Electrification Authority,
Hydropower Projects Authority, and
Nuclear Energy Agencies. The Supreme
Council for Energy, established in 2006
according to a Prime Minister’s decree
and reporting to the President.The council
deals with strategic issues in the energy
sector, including major policy initiatives,
investment programs, and energy pricing.
Egyptian Electric Utility and Consumer
Protection Agency, was established in
1997. Its main functions include licensing
and sector supervision. The Minister of
Electricity and Energy is also Chairman of
the Board of Directors of the Utility, with
the other nine members of the Board
appointed by the Prime Minister and
selected to represent the various
stakeholders in the industry.
EEHC have achieved a great success in
developing the sector, as it now serves
more than 99 percent of households.
Egypt has put in place a number of
measures to gradually reform its sector
from a vertically integrated state owned
monopoly into a commercially oriented
flexible structure.
The government is preparing the ground
for advancing the sector reform further. A
new Electricity Law awaiting
parliamentary approval, introduces a
number of changes toward strengthening
sector's commercial orientation and its
opening to private investment and
competition.
In order to bring the sector finances and
energy consumption to a more sustainable
path and to reduce the fiscal burden of
energy consumption, few years ago the
government initiated a series of energy
price increases. Annual increases of
electricity tariffs were approved in 2008.
The GoE has prepared a National Energy
Conservation plan and has set up an
energy conservation coordination group to
coordinate activities of energy consumers
and supplies in promoting more efficient
use of energy. The current activities are
focusing on increasing use of compact
fluorescent lamps (CFLs), improving
energy efficiency in street lighting and
public buildings, and scaling up solar
water heating (SWH). On the supply side,
the main effort is improving the use of
fossil fuels through the increased use of
combined cycle gas turbine power plants.
The MoEE, with endorsement of the
Cabinet, adopted the following strategy:
(i) increased use of efficient fossil-fuel
generation technologies ; (ii) large scale
development of Egypt's renewable
resources with the goal of having 20% of
its installed generation capacity in the
form of renewable by 2020 (including the
existing hydropower); and (iii) stepping
up efforts for more efficient consumption
of electricity. The government is also
considering development of nuclear power
plants - the first such plant is planned to
be put in operation in year 2018.
Private Sector Participation :
In the mid-1990s the independent power
producers participated in electricity
generation field . This effort yielded to the
construction of three privately developed
power plants with combined capacity of
2,048 MW, completed in 2002 and 2003,
under the build-own-operate-transfer
(BOOT) arrangements, with 20-year
Power Purchase Agreements (PPA)
supported.
In late January 2010 the government
invited offers from private developers to
prequalify ( for a tender to construct a
1500-MW combined cycle gas turbine
plant (with option to expand its capacity to
2,250 MW) at Dairut (Behera
Governorate). Other private investment
project on conventional generation may
follow.
As a mean to diversify its energy supply
options and mitigate the environmental
impacts of fossil fuel based power
generation, the GoE has made an
ambitious strategy aims at increasing
usage of renewable energy. The council
has also recently approved key political
steps related to wind power scale-up in the
country. These include: (a) Approval by
the supreme energy council to cover
additional costs for renewable energy
projects;(b) Finalization of the land use
policy for wind power developers; (c)
Approval of zero customs duty on wind
equipment (d) Acceptance of foreign
currency denominated PPAs and
confirmation of central bank guarantees
for all BOO projects and (e) Permitting
support for developers with respect to
environmental, social and defense
clearances. These measures are already
being implemented pending their adoption
as part of the new electricity law.
 Hydro
New
Egyptian Power Atomic Nuclear
Rural Nuclear
Electricity New Power
Electrification Projects Energy Materials
Holding and Plants
Authority Execution Authority Authority
Company Renewable Authority
Authority
Energy
Authority
 Chairman of the Board
(Minister of the Electricity & Energy)
Executive Chairman
Human Resources &
Administration Sector
Deputy Chairman for
Economic& Commercial
Administrative & Financial Affairs Sector
Affairs
Financial Affairs &
Logistics Sector
Solar thermal power
generation Sector
Deputy Chairman Operation &
for Projects
Maintenance Sector
Implementation, O & M
Projects Sector
Studies, Researches &
Testing Sector
Deputy Chairman for
Technical Affairs, Studies &
Researches
Technical Affairs Sector
Administrative Affairs Dept. Documentation &
Information Center Dept.
Personnel Dept.
Training & Promotion
Dept.
Finance and Foreign
Exchange Dept. Foreign relation &
Agreements Dept.
Budget Dept.
Planning & Follow-up
Dept.
Financial Affairs Dept.
Legal Affairs Dept.
Procurement and Stores Dept.
Administrative & Financial
Performance Monitoring Dept.
Maintenance System Dept.
Executive Secretary of
Board of Directors Dept.
Operation System Dept.
Administration &
Organization Dept.
Measuring and Control
Devices Dept.
Security Dept.
Maintenance Dept.
Follow-up Dept.
Operation Department
Public Relations Dept.
Designs and Specifications
Dept. Citizens Services Dept.
Implementation Dept.
Safety and occupational
health Dept.
Biomass Dept.
Engineering studies, Economic and
Environmental Dept.
Tests Dept.
Photovoltaic System Dept.
Solar Thermal Dept.
2008/2009
Wind Energy Dept.
 Members of the Board
Dr. Eng. Hassan Ahmed Younis (Minister of Electricity and Energy) Chairman of the Board
Eng. Abd El Rahman Salah El Din Executive Chairman

Members from electricity sector specialized

in the assessment Renewable Energy
Eng. Omnia Mustafa Sabry Representative of the Ministry of Electricity and Energy
Eng. Mohamed Abdel-Moneim Sharaf Representative of the Electricity Holding Company, Egypt
Eng. Fathalla Mohamed Lotfy Shalby Representative of the Egyptian Company for Electricity Transmission
Eng. Mustafa Ismail Youssef Representative of the Canal Company for Electricity Distribution
Eng. Alaa Abdel-Aziz Representative of the Middle Egypt Electricity Distribution Company

Members representing the Ministries

and Governmental bodies
Eng. Ahmed Abu Al-Soud Representative of the Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs
Eng. Magdi Ibrahim Imam Representative of the Ministry of Economic Development
Acc. Mansour Abdullah Representative of the Ministry of Finance
Eng. Mohamed Hmam Representative of the Ministry of International Co-operation
Major . Tahir Abdullah Taha Representative of the Ministry of Defense and Military Production

Members with expertise

Prof. Dr. Amin Mubarak Professor, University of Cairo

Eng. Omar El-Shawadfy Director of the National Center for Planning and Land Uses
Dr. Maged El-Sherbini Minister Assistant of Higher Education for Scientific Research

Chairman Deputies

Eng. Laila Georgy Yussef Deputy Chairman for Technical Affairs, Studies & Researches
Acc. Nabil Ramzi Suleiman Deputy Chairman for Administrative & Financial Affairs
Eng. Mahmoud Atia Mostafa Deputy Chairman for Projects Implementation, Operation and Maintenance
 Statistical Information
Electricity Generation
2008/2009 2009/2010
Peak Load (MW) 21330 22750
Total Installed Capacity (MW) 23468 24757
Thermal(1) 20238 21435
Hydro 2800 2800
Wind (Zafarana) 425 517
Wind (Hurghada) 5 5
Total Produced Energy (GWh) 131063 139000
Thermal(2) 115433 125004
Hydro 14862 12863
Wind (Zafarana) 941 1152
Wind (Hurghada local grid) 7 7
Fuel Consumption (thousand t.o.e)
Thermal 24896 26772
Hydro(3) (3173) (3173)
Wind(3) (205) (249)
Fuel Consumption Rate (gm.o.e / kwh) 216,1 214,6
CO2 emissions (thousand ton)
Thermal 63488 68750
Hydro(4) (8075) (7075)
Wind(4) (520) (638)
Wind Electricity Sales (mio.L.E.)(5) 124 162

Human Resources
Staff no. 950 1011
Engineers 180 200
Technicians 220 221
Accountants 123 118
Administrators 220 282
Physicians and Lawyers 13 12
Others 194 178

(1) Including Build, Own, Operate, Transfer, BOOT, Plants installed capacities.
(2) Including energy purchased from Independent Power Producers, IPPs, and BOOT Plants.
(3) Saving in fuel consumption is due to utilizing hydropower and wind energy.
(4) Reduction of CO2 emissions is due to utilizing hydropower and wind energy.
(5) Egyptian Pound: L.E.
 Vision
Economic and social sustainable development is
directly linked with the availability of adequate
sources of energy, which ensure suitable living
conditions. This requires the provision of a
balanced mix of conventional and renewable
energy resources, and reducing impacts of energy
production and consumption on the surrounding
environment and human health.
The development of renewable energy
technologies, systems and its applications to the
commercial use have opened promising prospects
for the potential to contribute significantly in
providing part of the required energy for the
process of development.
Energy is incorporated in all aspects of life in
different forms and by reading the history of
humanity we find that the most powerful
civilization is the one that own know-how to use
energy more efficiently and in a productive
manner than others. Because of the direct
correlations between energy and social issues
that impact sustainable development such as
poverty, employment, health and climate changes,
science such as energy economics, energy
management and energy planning ...etc. has been
Strategy
Egypt's role emerged during the past few years as
a regional leader in the field of exploiting wind
power in electricity generation in the Middle East
and Africa. In this sense and in line with the
general framework of energy policies in Egypt,
the Supreme Council of Energy in Egypt
announced the strategy for the electric power
based on diversifying energy sources of
production, rationalizing the use of energy and
expanding use of renewable energy sources as a
developed and energy share per capita has become
one of development indicators.
Besides the main role of renewable energy
sources in preserving the environment and
reducing its negative effects on climate change, its
role in securing energy sustainability cannot be
overlooked. Also, research and development
efforts in using available natural resources leads
to increase the feasibility of these technologies
and adding more prospects to the applications of
renewable energy.
From this standpoint, the national approach aims
to work on expanding the use of renewable energy
and increasing rates of investment to meet the
energy growing demand.
Consequently, NREA is working on resource
assessment of renewable energy sources and
planning for the development of its investment
within the overall framework of the State policy,
which meant to identify areas suitable for the
production of electricity from wind farms and
solar plants and preparing the technical, economic
and environmental studies needed to implement
such renewable energy projects.
component of energy provision. The strategy,
which was approved in February 2008, aims to:
contribution of renewable energies by 20% of the
total electricity generation by the year 2020. The
share from the grid-connected wind power is 12%
of the total electricity generation, and that
represents about 7200 MW total capacities. Also,
other renewable energy applications, led by
hydropower and solar energy, will have a
significant contribution.
 Policies
Efforts is being exerted in order to reach total
capacities of 7200 MW and this will be achieved
through two main path: -
1- State-owned projects implemented by the
NREA with total capacities of 2375 MW
(represents 33% of total installed
capacities). These projects will be
financed through governmental
agreements.
2- Private sector projects with total
capacities of 4825 MW (represents 76%
of total installed capacities).
Policy of increasing the participation of private
sector will include two phases :-
Phase I: Adopting Competitive Bids approach as
the Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company
Incentives for the Private Sector
In 26/7/2009, the supreme council of energy has approved the following policies in order to stimulate and
support generating electricity from wind energy :-
 Approving private sector participation
through competitive tender and bilateral
agreements.
 Reducing project risks through signing long
term Power Purchase Agreement, PPA, for
20-25 years.
 The Government of Egypt will guarantee all
financial obligations under the PPA.
 The selling price for energy generated from
renewable energy projects will be in foreign
currency in addition to a portion, covers
operation and maintenance costs, in local
currency.
 Investors will benefit from selling certificates
of emission reduction resulted from the
project implemented.
 Evaluation criteria for tenders of renewable
energy projects will give privilege for local
components.
 Forming mutual committee of representatives
from Ministers of petroleum, electricity,
finance and investment in order to prepare
and encourage proposal against allocating
lands to implement wind projects. In
26/5/2010 the cabinet has approved the
will issue tenders internationally requesting
private sector to supply power to build, own,
operate wind farms and selling electricity for the
company with price agreed upon between the
company and the investor .
Phase II: Application of Feed-in-tariff system,
taking into consideration the prices and
experience achieved in phase I.
In May 2009, investors were invited to submit
their prequalification documents for the first
competitive bid for 250 MW wind farm (BOO
scheme). Through the few coming years, it is
expected to launch some wind projects via
competitive tenders.
committee proposal of encouraging private
sector participation through :
o Exempting renewable energy
equipment from custom duties.
o Obtaining approvals and all the
required permits to obtain lands and
clearing it from land mines.
o Preparing the studies required for
implementing projects such as
environmental, bird migration and
soil research studies.
o Project land shall be allocated
according to the following
conditions:-
 Restoring the lands by the state
at the end of the life span of the
project.
 NREA will restore costs of
preparing the land for the
projects and this costs will be
part the project investment
costs.
 The investors shall repay these
costs on an annual installment
from 3 – 5 years, after operation
and generating electricity.
 Wind Energy
Wind power systems depend on mechanical
energy as wind move turbine blades and this
mechanical energy is converted to electricity
through electrical generators. Wind energy
has achieved great progress as the capacity for
the one turbine has increased in addition to
progress in the operation and grid connecting
capacities.
Resource assessment
Wind Speed Distribution in Egypt
Modern designs are directed towards reducing
the investment costs in addition to increasing
its reliability.
There is a clear indication of the rapid spread
of these systems and the increasing
dependence on it as its annual growth is
estimated by 30%. Allover the world the
connection of wind farm to the national grid
has led to an increase in wind capacities in
previous years specifically from 4,8 MW in
1995 reaching 175 GW in July 2010.
 Egypt Wind Atlas was published in
December 2005, in co-operation with
RISO laboratories of Denmark, and
Egyptian Meteorological Authority,
(EMA), it aims at evaluating areas
with high wind speed which is
qualified for wind energy projects.
 Atlas concluded that there are many
promising areas with high wind
speeds in the Gulf of Suez, some areas
located on both sides of the Nile
River, and some areas in Sinai. These
areas are qualified for the
establishment of large-scale wind
energy projects.
 It is worthy to mention that two Wind
Atlases for the Gulf region had been
published in 1999 and 2003,
respectively, before publishing Egypt
Wind Atlas.
5 MW Wind Farms in Hurghada:

 Hurghada wind farm operates since 1993,

it includes (42) wind turbines with
different technologies, German, Danish,
and American. Wind turbines have single,
double and triple blades. The percentage
of local manufacturing reached about
40% (blades, towers, mechanical and
electrical works) and the capacity of wind
turbines ranges between 100 to 300 kW.

 The wind farm characterizes by different

technologies which making it one of the
living records of the development of wind
turbines worldwide.

 The total production of the power plant in

2009/2010 reached around 7 GWh saving
Zafarana 517 MW Wind Farm: about 1.5 thousand tons of oil equivalents
and reduce the emission of approximately
4000 tons of carbon dioxide.
 This wind farm has been implemented in
several stages (60, 80, 85, 80, 120 MW)
starting in 2001, through the
governmental co-operation protocols
with Germany, Denmark, Spain and
Japan.

 120 MW wind farm in Zafarana has been

completed in August 2010 before the end
of the contractual terms. The wind farm is
implemented in co-operation with
Denmark. The total capacities reached
517 MW.
 It is expected that the total capacities in
Zafarana would reach 545 MW after the
completion of 120 MW farm that
implemented through co-operation with
Japan.
 Installed Capacity

Development of
Electricity Generation

Fuel Savings

Emissions Reduction
 Lands
 In light of the technical studies, specially
wind Atlas, NREA selects sites suitable for
carrying out wind project. Then NREA
obtains required approvals from various
authorities to allocate lands to carry wind
project, helping the investor to avoid carrying
all the required procedures, not used for other
purposes.
 Land proposed for carrying wind projects by
the private sector is desert areas.
 In May 10th 2006, Red Sea Governor decree
No. 136 for the year 2006 was issued
allocating about 656 km2 to NREA to
establish wind farm projects.
 In May 30th 2009 a presidential decree No.
138 for the year 2009 was issued to allocate
about 1229km2 at west of Suez Gulf.
 In September 17th 2009 a presidential decree
No. 319 for the year 2009 was issued approving
allocation of some lands to implement wind
projects. This land is located in Upper Egypt,
West and East of the Nile to governorates of
Beni Sueif, Minya, Assuit with total amount of
6418 km2. The lands will be used according to
a usufruct contracts and to some rules approved
by the cabinet.

Future Projects
NREA plans to implement wind projects with
total capacities of 2370 MW as part of its strategy
to promote wind energy :
- NREA is currently preparing to achieve wind
projects with total capacities of 1120 MW.
These projects will be implemented through
governmental co-operation agreements
according to the following :
First : Projects with capacities of 540 MW
under implementation and its financing
procedures was completed :
 200 MW Wind plant in co-operation with
KfW, European Investment Bank (EIB) and
the European Union.  The consultancy contract was signed in
 An “Umbrella Agreement” was signed November 2009.
between Egyptian Government, German  The project tender was issued and the
Government and the European envelopes was opened in July 2010.
Commission. Peoples Assembly ratified  The contractor is expected to be selected
this agreement. in December 2010.
 It is planned to start operation in mid of
2013.
 220 MW wind plant in co-operation with
Japanese Agency for International co-
operation (JICA) in the Gulf of El Zayt :
 The loan agreement was signed in March 2010 and
People’s Assembly ratified it in June 2010.
 NREA currently selects the consultant of the
project.
 The project is expected to be completed and
operated in mid of 2014.
 120 MW wind farm in co-operation with
Spain in the Gulf of El-Zayt
 The government of Spain agreed to finance the
project through allocating 120 Million Euro
according the protocol signed in 1998.
 NREA signed a contract with the consultant
responsible for conducting the environmental and
feasibility studies of the project.
 It is expected to select the project consultant in June
2011.
 The project is expected to be completed and
operated in October 2013.
Second : 580 MW wind farms are being
financed :
 Two wind farms with capacities of 180 MW in
the Gulf of Suez (140 MW + 40 MW):
 The government of Spain has agreed to participate
in financing a wind project with capacity of 140
MW. This project is tied to Spanish market only.
The project with capacity of 40 MW is untied.
 It is agreed in principle to finance the preparation of
feasibility studies, the preparation of documents
necessary for financing consultancy services
through non-refundable grant.
 200 MW wind farm with Masder company
Owned by Abu Dhabi government:
 In February 18th 2010 a framework co-operation
agreed was signed with Masdar company to
implement the project.
 A co-operation guidelines agreement was signed.
 The project is expected to be operated at the second
quarter of 2014.
 200 MW Wind farm project in co-operation
with KfW, the French Development Agency
(AFD) the European Investment Bank and
the European Union:
 A proposal was presented to establish a wind farm
in the Gulf of Suez.
 The funding agencies agreed to prepare the
technical and economic study of the project.
Third : 700 MW wind farm projects in West
Nile are under Negotiation :
 200 MW project shall be implemented by NREA in
West of the Nile.
 Two proposals have been submitted for the
establishment of two wind farms (200 MW, 300
MW) in West of the Nile in co-operation with the
Japanese International co-operation Agency
(JICA).
 JICA has selected the consultant responsible for
preparing the technical and economic and financial
studies which covers an area of 4200 km2 in the
West of the Nile.
 JICA has agreed to implement the project in two
phases :
o Phase I : preparation of social and
environmental studies for such areas and
selecting the suitable site for implementing
200 MW wind farm.
o Phase II : preparation the feasibility study of
200 MW wind farm.
 It is expected to complete phase I by December
2010 and phase II by January 2013.
Private Sector Projects :
 Private sector shall implement wind projects with
total capacities of 1370 MW as follows :
First : 120 MW wind in co-operation with
“Italgen” Company :
 Italgen company offered to set up a wind farm to
feed the factories owned by Suez Cement
Company, and presented a memorandum to the
Prime Minister which has been approved in
principle and NREA signed a memorandum of
understanding with the company.
 The project environmental study was completed in
April 2010 and the environmental affairs agency
has approved the project.
 The land use agreement is currently under
preparation.
Second: 250 MW wind farm (private Sector)
on a BOO basis in the Gulf of Suez:
 In May 7th 2009, Investors with previous
experience were invited to submit their bids and 34
companies submitted their bids, the short list of
qualified bidders was identified (10 investment
group).
 The consultant is being selected with the co-
operation of the World Bank (WB).
Gulf of Suez Map in English
Third: 1000 MW wind farms (private sector)
on a BOO basis in the Gulf of Suez:
 Being prepared to request precedents expertise to
global investors and local communities to prepare a
short list can apply for a public tender to 1000 MW
in two phases (2×500 MW) system BOO so that the
division of each phase to the two (2×250 MW) that
allows the investor in progress in more than one
tender .
 Solar Energy
Resource Assessment :
 Egypt is one of the countries that are located in
“sunbelt” area and most suitable for solar energy
applications.

 The solar Atals was issued in 1991, the results of

Atlas shows that the average direct normal solar
radiation is 2000 – 3200 kWh/m2/year

 The sunshine duration ranges between 9 – 11 h/day

from North to South with very few cloudy days.

solar Thermal Water Heaters :

 During the 1980s, the Ministry of Electricity and
Energy imported 1000 solar flat plate water heaters
with different capacities. They were installed in
different places in order to initiate a market for
solar water heaters and to increase the national
awareness of the benefits and advantages of solar
heaters uses. At the same time, first private
company for manufacturing of solar water heaters
has been established, followed by establishment of
local companies for manufacturing of solar water
heaters reaching 10 companies so far, bringing the
total of what has been manufactured and installed
in Egypt until the year 2009 to about 400 thousand
solar heater.

Current Projects :

 Disseminating Solar Heaters Project in Hotels

located in Red Sea and Sinai
Chart
 The project is implemented with the co-operation
between Egyptian Government, Italian Government
and the United Nations Environment Program
(UNEP).
 The project aims to implement a mechanism that
support financing the dissemination of solar heaters
in hotels and resorts in Red Sea and Sinai
governments with total cost of 500.000 Dollar.
 This project provide an aid that represents 25% of
the total system cost, in addition to the operation
and maintenance services for 4 years.
 The list of water heaters suppliers has been
identified and published.
Solar Thermal Electricity
Generation
 Electricity generation from solar thermal system is
based on the same methods of energy conversion
and components used in conventional thermal
power plants to produce electricity, with the
replacement of fuel used by the thermal energy
resulting from the concentration of solar radiation
at high temperatures (400 0C -1500 0C). Such
systems can be used as central power plants and
connected to electrical grids. Also, some of these
systems can be used as individual units in remote
areas and limited capacity.
 These solar thermal systems are characterized by its
ability to be integrated with conventional systems
to produce electricity, either by integrating with the
Rankin cycle, or with combined cycle systems thus,
it ensures a regular supply of electricity, these
systems do not cause problems for the operation of
the electrical grid. Currently the total installed
capacity of these systems is more than 800 MW
worldwide and currently there are plans to
implement many projects using these systems in
more than 10 countries.

Kuraymat 140 MW Integrated

Solar Combined Cycle Power
Plant:
 The project site at Kuraymat, which locates nearly
90 km South Cairo, has been selected because of:
(1) High intensity direct solar radiation that
reaches 2400 kWh /m2 / year.
(2) An extended unified power grid and expanded
natural gas pipelines.
(3) Located near to the sources of water (the River
Nile).
(4) An uninhabited flat desert land.
 The project aims to:
o Improving the local capacity to undertake such
projects through technology and know how
transfer.
o Exploitation of the abundant solar resource by
technically matured technology.
o Enhancement of the local industrial capabilities.
o Creation of new job opportunities in the
relevant fields.

 The project based on parabolic trough technology

integrated with combined cycle power plant using
natural gas as a fuel.

 The project is one of 3 similar projects are being

implemented in Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Egypt),
which mainly depending on integrating solar field
with combined cycle.
 The capacity of the project is 140 MW including
solar share of 20 MW. Total cost is 340 Million
Dollar.
 The project is expected to be completed and
operated early 2011.

Finance Resources :
 50 Million dollar grant from global environmental
facility (GEF) – World Bank.
 190 Million Dollar soft loan from Japanese
International co-operation Agency (JICA) (0,75%
interest – 40 years repayment period including 10
years grace period.
 100 Million Dollar provided by NREA.
solar Island :  The water desalination plant was completed.

 The operation of steam turbine and Gas turbine has

 The capacity of solar portion is 20 MW.
 The contractor : Orascom and other foreign
companies.
 The cost of foreign portion is about 67 Million
Dollar approximately as loan and 49.8 Million
Dollar as grant from the World Bank.
been started. The connection with the solar field
tests and the performance are under preparation.
 The project is expected to be completed and
operated in the beginning of 2011

 The cost of local portion is about 187 Million L.E.

allocated for design and supply in addition to
operation and maintenance contract which covers
two years.

 Every loop is being tested through the mobile

testing unit and according to the contractual terms.

Combined Cycle Island :

 Capacity : 120 MW

 Contractor : Iberdrola

 The cost of foreign portion is 17.43 Million Yen,

equivalent of 174.8 Million Dollar (as soft loan
from JICA) (0,75% interest + 10 years grace period
+ 30 years repayment period) + 281 Million L.E.
financed through NREA.

 The cost of local portion is 281.86 Million L.E.

financed through NREA.

 Gas Turbine and steam turbine was constructed.

 The first firing & operation of the turbine was

completed and it is connected to the grid with 68
MW as maximum load.

Technical data
 Capacity of Solar portion (MWe) 20

 Nameplate Capacity of gas turbine (MWe) 79

 Nameplate Capacity of steam turbine (MWe) 76.5

 Net electric energy (GWh/Y) 852

 Solar electric energy (GWh/Y) 33

 Solar share(%) 4%

 Fuel saving due to the solar portion (T.O.E / year) 10000

 CO2 reduction (Ton /yeara) 20000

Photovoltaic Systems
 In spite of being an expensive technology,
Photovoltaic systems are considered the most
appropriate energy application for rural and remote
areas of small scattered loads which are faraway
from national grid. The cost of PV systems’
maintenance is limited while the PV life span is
about 25 years..

 The total capacity of PV systems in Egypt is around

10 MW, for lighting, water pumping, wireless
communications, cooling and commercial
advertisements on highways.

 Lighting villages using photovoltaic

Systems:
 NREA signed a protocol for co-operation
with the Italian Ministry of Environment,
Land and Sea to electrify two remote
settlements in Matrouh Governorate by PV
systems. The project consists of:
o Lighting of 100 houses and 40 street light units.
o 1 school and (3) mosques.
o 2 medical clinic units.
 A contract between NREA and a Spanish company
has been signed to implement the project in
November 2009.

Future Project :
 Solar projects are considered one of the main
aspects to increase the contribution renewable
energies and the 5th year plan (2012 - 2017)
includes:
o Solar thermal electricity generation plants, with
total capacity of 100 MW.
o Photovoltaic plants with total capacity of 20
MW.
 Egypt proposed projects to be financed under the
program of the Clean Technology Fund (CTF) to
expand electricity generation projects from solar
thermal concentrators as follows:
 A proposed Concentrator Solar Power (CSP),
project with capacity of 100 MW in Kom Ombo
city to be a model for governmental projects and it
takes advantage of finance available in order to
produce electricity to feed the national grid and
meet the increasing demand of electricity.
 The project will be implemented through co-
operation between NREA and KfW. The
consultant responsible for preparing the feasibility
study will be selected by the end of 2010. It is
expected to complete the study by the end of 2011.
 The World Bank agreed to participate –in principle-
in financing the project through soft loan with an
amount of 100 Million Dollar under the CTF
program with the possibility of allocating 1 Million
Dollar for preparing all the relating studies.
 The government presented an official request to the
African Development Bank and the World Bank to
get 300 Million Dollar as soft loan.
 EMPower Program

 NREA participates in the EU Program Exploring &

Motivating sustainable Power markets, (EM Power)
in collaboration with the German reconstruction
bank KfW (Executing Agency) on behalf of the
German Federal Ministry for Economic Co-
operation and Development (BMZ), United
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the
Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the Solar
Electric Power Association (SEPA).
 The objective of the project is reducing the cost of
electricity generated by PV and CSP technologies,
by increasing the global market demand for those
technologies. This objective can be achieved by :
“supporting utilities in countries around the world
to help them to identify solar applications and to  The project sites should have some characteristics
determine both, the potential demand and the cost such as: flat land - high levels of solar radiation -
of solar energy relative to other generation sources. proximity to the electric grid transformer station -
 18 sites were visited by local and international and the cool water needed for projects in solar
experts to prepare a proposal for projects generating concentrators.
electricity from solar energy connected with  The Country Visit Report has been prepared and
different capacities starting from 1 MW for projects the Kom Ombo site has been selected as one of the
of PV and 50 MW of CSP. best sites for implementing CSP project and Farafra
Oasis for PV project to be development under EM
Power.

 Mediterranean Concentrating Solar

Desalination (MED-CSD) Project
 The partners of this project are institutes from
North and South of the Mediterranean Sea, Egypt is
represented by NREA. The Observatoire
Méditerranéen de l'Energie (OME) acting as a
coordinator for the project. The goal of this project
is strengthen co-operation between institutions of
research and development in this field in EU
countries and their counterparts in Mediterranean
countries, exchange experiences, and study the best
applications to support programs for governmental
entities or legislation.
 The duration of the project is 24 month starting in
June 2008. The activities of the project consist of :
 Reviewing technology of concentrating solar for
co-generation and water desalination and
selecting the most studies for application.
 Participation in preparing environmental,
financial and economic studies concerning the
concentrating solar for co-generation and water
desalination.
 Participating in preparing a study that includes the
capacities and technologies of the concentrating
solar desalination in Mediterranean Countries.
 Implementing a research project in concentrating
solar desalination as an application of research
and development.
 Activities Under Clean
Development Mechanism (CDM):
 In the context of addressing environmental issues
and climate change phenomenon, Egypt signed
Kyoto Protocol in 1997 and ratified it in 2005.
 According to Kyoto Protocol, the developed and
industrialized countries that signed Annex 1 to the
said Protocol are obliged to reduce their Green
House Gases (GHGs) emissions by 5.2% from that
of 1990, in the period from 2008-2012. Three
mechanisms were identified to realize the
Protocol’s goals:
NREA’s qualifyied Wind Power Plants
as CDM projects:
1. 120 MW Wind Power Plant Project
in co-operation with Japan
 The project has been registered in June 2007.
 The estimated annual electricity generation is about
452,016 MWh, hence saving about 103,060 TOE
from fossil fuel and consequently, reducing about
248,609 TCO2eq.
2. 80 MW Wind Power Plant Project
in co-operation with Germany
 The project has been registered in March 2010.
 The estimated annual electricity generation is about
300,000 MWh, hence saving about 68,400 TOE
from fossil fuel and consequently, reducing about
171,500 TCO2eq.
(1) Joint Implementation (JI), (2) Emissions Trade
(ET), (3) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The
third mechanism (CDM) is designed to allow co-
operation between Annex 1 developed countries and
developing countries through implementing projects
financially supported by developed countries, in the
developing countries provided that such projects
contribute to both sustainable development in
developing countries and GHG emission reductions.
Such emission reductions will be sold to the developed
countries hence be accredited to these countries in
partial fulfillment of their emission reductions
obligations.
3. 120 Wind Power Plant Project in
co-operation with Denmark
 The project has been submitted for registration;
hence the approval is expected by the first half of
2010.
 The estimated annual electricity generation is about
399,456 MWh, hence saving about 91,076 TOE
from fossil fuel and consequently, reducing about
224,723 TCO2eq.
4. 85 MW Wind Power Plant Project
in co-operation with Spain
 The project has been submitted and approval is
anticipated around the first half of 2011.
 The estimated annual electricity generation is about
283,000 MWh, hence saving about 64,512 TOE
from fossil fuel and consequently, reducing about
155,000 TCO2eq.
Testing and Research
Center
 The Center for Research and Test renewable
energy, which was created in collaboration with the
European Union and Italy to complete the studies
and research necessary to develop equipment,
systems and testing the standard for performance,
quality and environmental impacts and certification
of renewable energy equipment, the Center includes
a range of internal and external laboratory
specializes in the areas of: inventory and
assessment of sources of solar energy and wind - to
test equipment and solar thermal systems, solar
cells - a test equipment manufacturer for the
purposes of energy conservation and the
preservation of the environment (heat exchangers -
materials and wall insulation - pumps - lighting
sources) - Research and biomass tests - tests and
measurements of a variety of public labs
(prescription, chemistry, physics, optical
measurement, electronics) as well as a factor to
measure and calculate and determine the level of
energy efficiency of household appliances
including refrigerators, washing machines, lighting
units, electric water heaters and air
conditioning. Are working through the system of
quality according to the standard ISO 9001/2000,
where the certificate has been obtained since 2004,
have been rehabilitated plants, pumps and
refrigerators, freezers and washing machines in
accordance with the requirements of the standard
specifications for the adoption of ISO / IEC 17025
from the National Council for approval, and is
currently being completed rehabilitation
factor other.
 The center has performed several activities during
the last period not only in the field of Renewable
Energy, but also in the field of Energy Efficiency,
where the laboratories of the center has done testing
and certification of water solar thermal systems,
and research project in the field of Biomass.
 The laboratories of home appliances played an
important role through co-operation with the
General Authority for standards and Quality, and
the national for energy efficiency improvement and
greenhouse gas reduction to ensure that all
appliances is committed to the Egyptian Standards
and labeled with Energy Efficiency level before
raised in the Egyptian market to the consumer. In
the context, in 2009, 1289 local and imported
products has been tested ranges from refrigerators,
freezers, washing machines, electric heaters, an
conditioners and energy saving bulbs, bringing the
total number of products that had been tested by
the laboratories of home appliances to 2321
national and imported product during the last three
years.
Chart in english
 Research Projects in
the Field of Biomass

Developing a Small Clean

Developing a Complementary Mobile Carbonization System, in co-operation
Briquetting System for Plant Residues, with US-Egypt Joint Science and
in co-operation with the Academy of Technology Board affiliated to the
Scientific Research and Technology: Academy of Scientific Research and
Technology:
 Within the framework agreement for scientific and
 The project aims to design and manufacture an
technological co-operation between Egypt and the
integrated system for waste treatment such as
United States, NREA participates as an executive
cotton wastes, firewood and similar things, by
and technical body in the implementation of a
transforming it into high-density, regular shape,
research project to design and produce Clean Small
easy transport and storage briquettes with the
Carbonization System to be used instead of
elimination of pests and pathogens.
conventional environmentally polluting systems.
 The project aims also to reduce the cost of storage,
 The concept of the project is to heat wastes and
transport and handling of the waste, and to improve
wood in an evacuated closed container to produce
their properties as a fuel for domestic stoves
Gases, which will be sucked to a burning room of
instead of butane gas, or as a raw material used for
an oven for heating charcoal. The excess gases will
the manufacture of improved feed and organic
be burnt outside the burning room. The relevant
fertilizer, industrial soil and charcoal, in addition to
experimental prototype model was manufactured
the development of stoves and ovens appropriate
and tested at NREA’s laboratories.
for the use of briquettes in the domestic purposes in
 In light of the results evaluating the performance of
rural areas.
the prototype, a small-scale demo model for a
 The system consists of an agriculture waste grinder,
commercial system was manufactured in co-
a dryer, compressor to produce 300 – 400 ton
operation with the Arab Contractors Company and
briquettes / hour, in addition to oven and stoves
successfully tested at NREA laboratories to
appropriate for the use of briquettes in domestic
evaluate the performance under prevailing
purpose.
conditions.
 The components of the system were manufactured
and tested. The final project report was also
prepared.
 Training
 Within the framework of NREA’s general goals
which include education, training and information  NREA implemented various training programs for
dissemination, two well equipped facilities “one is about 367 trainees during the year 2009/2010, as
located at NREA’s premises and the other is in follows:
NREA’s site” at Hurghada were established. The
facilities play an important role as centers for o Training 257 trainees from the universities
general and specialized training programs on local and local entities in Egypt.
and regional levels with highly-qualified trainers.
 The training programs which aim at spreading o Training and workshops for 110 trainees from
awareness and knowledge among various groups Libya, Sudan, Saudi Arabia and the Nile Basin
vary according to the type and level of trainees, the countries in the fields of wind power, solar
programs include: thermal energy, energy efficiency and
operation and maintenance of wind farms.
o General programs (for one or two weeks)
dealing with renewable energy sources and o The total number of trainees in tanning
their applications in general. The programs are program and workshops that held in NREA
directed to students in the universities and reached 2184 trainee from 2001 to 2010.
public sector for the purpose of increasing
awareness.  It is worth mentioning that the percentage of grants
o Specialized programs directed to engineers offered by NREA for these training programs is
and technicians working in the field, including about 52.7%.
theoretical and practical training and visits to
project sites.
o Training programs for NREA’ staff to
improve their professional skills.
o Summer training program for universities
students.

Numbers of trainees from

2001 to 2010

Numbers of Trainees / year

Trainees TOTAL

Students from
Grants offered

colleges and
by NREA

institutes
NREA's Employees
Organizations and
companies
Arab countries
courses with
Training

Nile Basin countries

fees

Other local entities

AFREC
 Co-operation with
Arab Countries
 Co-operation with Kingdom of  Co-operation with Sudan
Saudi Arabia  Terms of Reference for the preparation of wind
atlas for Sudan have been prepared and revised
together with methodology for selecting the most
 NREA signed a contract to prepare a feasibility
promising sites for the construction of wind farms.
study for the establishment of two wind farms in
 The analysis and evaluation of wind data for the 28
the Yanbu and Dhulom sites.
measuring station have been conducted and 8 sites
 The wind data for the sites has been analyzed.
have been recommended for the installation of wind
 The first report on "The global market for wind
measuring stations.
turbines" has been prepared and submitted to the
 Sudanese technical teams were trained on wind
Saudi side.
resource assessment using WAsP software.
 The second report on the resources assessment and
 NREA has prepared tender documents for the
the conceptual design of the wind farms for each of
supply, installation and maintenance of wind
the Yanbu and Dhulom sites have been also
measurement stations including technical
submitted to the Saudi side.
specifications for the masts and instrumentation as
 Workshops for the software used in wind farm
well as storage and data transfer devices.
design were organized with a group of technical
staff from the Saudi side.
 The feasibility study report was completed in
January 2010.

Regional and International

Co-operation
 Egyptian German Joint Committee for  Regional Center for Renewable Energy
Renewable Energy and Energy and Energy Efficiency
Efficiency (JCEE) (RCREEE)
 RCREEE has ten founding members,
including Algeria, Egypt, Jordan,
 JCEE was established in January 2008 and its head
Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Syria, Tunisi
quarter is in NREA. The objectives of the
a, and Yemen, During the start up phase, RCREEE
committee :
is sponsored by Egypt, also serving as host country
o Deepen co-operation between the two sides in
for the Centre, as well as Germany, the EU and
addressing the climate change.
Denmark (the development partners). The
o Dissemination of renewable energy uses and
objectives of the Center:
energy efficiency technologies.
o Deepen co-operation among the region
o JCEE committee include representatives of
countries and between the region countries and
ministries of economic co-operation and
the EU Countries with field of Renewable
development, economics and technology and for
Energy.
the Egyptian side, the committee includes
o Diffusion of policies in support of Renewable
representatives of Ministries of Energy and
Energy (RE) and Energy Efficiency (EE).
Electricity, International Co-operation, and
o Increasing gains of the region through
Environmental Affairs.
technology transfer and technological co-
o The creation of 3 working group which are :
operation with field of energy.
1- A working group of renewable energy and
o Expanding private / public partnership in the
energy efficiency.
field of RE&EE in the region.
2- Working group on the reform of the electricity
 NREA participates with RCREEE in capacity
sector and policies.
building through organizing training programs in
3- Working group on environmental protection
wind energy
/ clean development mechanism.
 International Renewable Energy
Agency (IRENA)
 Egypt is one of 75 countries that signed the IRENA
statute in the Founding Conference which was held
in Bonn in January 2009.
 Mandated by governments worldwide, IRENA
aims at becoming the main driving force in
promoting a rapid transition towards the
widespread and sustainable use of renewable
energy on a global scale and acting as the global
voice for renewable energies.
 DESERTEC
 The Ministry of Electricity and Energy has
welcomed the initiative of generating clean energy
from the desert "DESERTEC". The initiative
includes a number of industrial and banking
institutions from European and Arab countries.
 The initiative aims to produce energy through the
exploitation of solar energy in the deserts of North
Africa and the Middle East countries to meet their
needs and cover about 15% of electricity demand in
Europe by 2050. The total investments required are
estimated € 400 billion for demand such projects.
 Research Projects in Co-operation with
EU countries
 NREA is participating in a number of research
projects in co-operation with the European Union
in the sixth and seventh framework programs.
These projects are involving many of the Euro-
Mediterranean countries and aims to transfer the
experience and knowledge. These projects are:
 Promotion and consolidation of all RTD activities
for renewable distributed generation technologies in
the Mediterranean region (DISTRES), under FP 6.
 New Energy Externalities Development for
Sustainability (NEEDS), under FP 6
 Cost–Effective Renewable Energy for Rural Areas
in the Mediterranean Region (MEDRES), under
FP6.
 Mediterranean Concentrating Solar and
Desalination (MED-CSD), under FP 7.
 Mediterranean Solar Plan (MSP)
 It is implemented in the framework of the Union for
the Mediterranean and it includes many Arab and
European countries along the Mediterranean Sea.
The plan aims to develop a clear strategy for power
generation projects from renewable energy sources
and transfer of the clean electricity among the
participating countries through interconnections. It
also aims to improve the energy efficiency and
dissemination of relevant technologies, as well as
capacities building in the southern Mediterranean
countries.
 The Ministry of Electricity and Energy proposed
several projects to be implemented through the
MSP, including:
 200 MW wind power plant.
 50 MW solar-thermal power plant.
 20 MW PV power plant.
 Two regional programs are proposed up to
2020:
 Fostering the establishment of a series of
solar thermal plants for the satisfying the
local consumption and exporting the
surplus to Europe.
 A regional program for implementing air
conditioning and cooling technologies
using solar energy in the south and north
of the Mediterranean.
 Solar Power and Chemical Energy
Systems echanism, Affiliated to the
International Energy Agency (IEA /
Solar PACES).
 Solar PACES was established in 1974 by the IEA.  The mechanism supports the following technical
It aims at the integration of international expertise tasks:
in promoting the utilization of solar thermal
technologies. 1. Solar thermal electricity generation
2. Solar chemical technologies
 The Executive Committee of Solar PACES holds 3. Development of solar energy components
its meetings periodically in each member state to 4. Solar heating for industrial process
discuss the research activities as well as technical 5. Solar resources knowledge data management
and scientific progress in the field. 6. Solar applications in water processing.

 Solar PACES consists of 16 countries, including
three Arab counties, Egypt - represented by NREA
since 1997, Algeria since 2003, and United Arab
Emirates in 2007, besides the European Union.
 NREA regularly participate in meetings and
conferences convened by the Solar PACES, the
latest of which was the international conference
held in the period from 13 to 18 September 2009 in
Berlin, Germany.

Regional Mechanism for

Developing Sustainable Energy
Systems (RMDSES), Affiliated to
the United Nations/Economic &
Social Committee of Western
Asia (UN/ESCWA).
 Annual meeting of the Member States is held
 Egypt represented by NREA - as the National focal
regularly to discuss the latest developments with
point - is a member in RMDSES since 2000.
regard to sustainable energy systems, and display
RMDSES aims to support the regional and sub-
current status, plans and programs of each country.
regional co-operation of sustainable energy
systems, capacity building and exchanging
 In the context of co-operation with ESCWA in the
information and expertise between member states.
field of capacity building, NREA organized training
programs attended by trainees from the member
 The member states ranked in alphabetic are: Egypt,
states.
El Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman,
Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab
Emirates and Yemen.
Activities of Exchanging
Expertise and Capacity Building
The Ministry of Electricity and Energy, represented by
NREA is collaborating with several local and
international organizations in a number of activities
aiming at promoting, developing and localizing of
renewable energy technologies, including:
 Co-operation with the Science and Technological
Development Fund (STDF) in the preparation of
the areas of research grants, and assessment of
project proposals submitted by universities and
research institutes, industrial companies and the
private sector in the field of renewable energy.
 Co-operation with the Academy of Scientific
Research and Technology (ASRT) for the
implementation of the agreement signed with the
Italian Agency for New Technology, Energy and
Environment ENEA, in the field of concentrating
solar power (CSP).
 Co-operation with the Italian National Agency for
Electric Power ENEL in various fields of energy,
including renewable energies.

Information Center (IC)

 IC is continuously operating and maintaining the

fiber-optic networks linking computers in
engineering, administrative and laboratories
buildings located at NREA headquarter in Cairo,
where it connects 160 computers, printers and
peripheral devices.

 A wide area network connecting Zafarana wind

project site with NREA headquarter has been
established through a 2MB ADSL-VPN link,
together with the introduction of internet service in
the Zafarana site, in addition to enabling the
internal telephone services with the site through
Voice over IP (VOIP).

 The project "Integrated Information and

Management Solution" is currently under
implementation. It covers most of NREA’s
activities including O&M, Projects implementation,
agreements, Payroll, Personnel, Inventory, etc. The
project is planned to be finalized in 2011.
Former NREA Executive
Chairmans

Eng. Mahmoud Abd El Motaal

Eng. Hafez Sharf El Din Eng. Mouhamed ElSaeed Eassa From 29/2/92 to 10/6/92
From 1/7/87 to 15/4/91 From 23/4/91 to 28/2/92

Eng. Mahmoud Samy Zannoun

From 4/7/92 to 14/5/2000 Eng. Sherif Tawfek Osman Aboulnasr
From 15/5/2000 to 23/2/2002

Eng. Hosny Hassan El Kholy Eng. Samir Mahmoud Hassan

From 24/12/2002 to 22/9/2004 From 9/10/2004 to 9/2/2008
Twenty-five years in pictures

Solar Water Heating Projects Crouched ice manufacture by the use of

Date of operation : 1980 photovoltaic systems
Date of operation : 1990

Solar water heating and restoration of waste Water pumping by the use of photovoltaic
heat (slaughter house – misr el gedida) systems for irrigation purposes
Date of operation : 1990 Date of operation : 1990

Water pumping by the use of photovoltaic Solar water heating and restoration of waste
systems for irrigation purposes (Nobaria0 heat spinning and waving sector (misr Helwan
Date of operation : 1993 for spinning and weaving)
Date of operation : 1993
Electricity fiction of a village by the use of Hurghada Farm : one blade – Turbine
photovoltaic system (Awlad El Sheikh – Date of operation : 1993
Behera)

A side of Hurghada wind farm : a turbine with A side of Hurghada wind farm : a turbine with
three blades structural tower two blades
Date of operation : 1993 Date of operation : 1993

Multi blades turbines (25 blades) Wind energy technology center at Hurghada
Date of operation : 1993
 A side of Zafarana wind farm 545 MW Energy conservation project in El Nasr
Date of operation : from 2001 to 2010 Pharmaceutical chemicals company
Date of operation : 2002

The Third Conference for Renewable Energies

in the Middle East and North Africa Lighting of light signals by the use of
MENAREC3 (June 2006) photovoltaic system : Misr – Alexandria Road
Date of operation : 2004

Solar water heating : Medical Centre

Date of operation : 2008

ISO Certificate 2004

Training Programs for trainees from Arabic Workshops and Exhibitions held in Co-
Countries operation with Saudi Arabia

Training programs for trainees from Africa Second Session of the Preparatory Commission
Countries of IRENA

The first Solar Thermal Plant in Kurymat

Operation dated : 2010
 Power Units
Million units,
Tons of oil Giga Watt Mega Watt Giga
temperature
equivalent Kalori Hour Joule
British
1 39.69 10 11.63 41.87
0.025 1 0.25 0.29 1.05
0.1 3.97 1 1.16 4.19
0.086 3.41 0.86 1 3.6
1 0.95 0.24 0.28 1

Tons of crude oil = 0,995 tons of oil equivalent

Tons of natural gas = 1,111 tons of oil equivalent
ton liquid propane gas (LPG) = 1.125 tons of oil equivalent
Tons of fuel oil = 0,972 tons of oil equivalent
Tons of kerosene = 1,086 tons of oil equivalent
Tons of gasoline = 1,103 tons of oil equivalent
Tons diesel = 1,066 tons of oil equivalent
Tons of crude oil = 7.3 barrels of oil
Tons of coal = 0.67 tons of oil equivalent
Barrels of natural gas = 5000 cubic feet of natural gas
3
Tons of natural gas = 1330 M
Cubic meters of natural gas = 35,315 cubic feet
Metric Ton = 1000 kilograms
3
Kilo (K) = A = 10 k (kilo)
6
Mega (M) = Million = 10 M (Mega)
9
Giga(G) = Billion = one billion = 10 G (Giga)
12
Terra (T) = Trillion = 10 T (Tera)
15
Peta (P) = 10 P (Peta)

Emission factors of Co2 to the

types of fuel
Tons of carbon
Fuel Type
dioxide / ton
Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) 2.9837
Gasoline 3.1046
Kerosene 3,216
Gas Oil 3.2093
Diesel 3.2093
Fuel Oil 3.1094
Others 2.9473
Natural Gas 2.6115

Source : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines.

 Related Links

Local sites

 Ministry of Electricity and Energy www.moee.gov.eg

 Egyptian Electricity Holding Company, Egypt www.egelee.com

 The Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company www.eetcom.com

 Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) www.eeaa.gov.eg

 Egyptian Electric Utility and Consumer Protection Agency www.egyptera.com

 Egyptian State Information Service www.sis.gov.eg

International sites

 World Energy Council www.worldenergy.org

 International Atomic Energy Agency www.iea.org

 Regional Center for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency www.rcreee.org

 Renewable Energy Policy Network for the Twenty-First Century www.ren21.net

 International Agency for Renewable Energy www.irena.org

Renewable Energy Projects