NAME IC NO.

CLASS

: NURFADILAH BINTI LAHANING : 941001-12-5644 : 5 PERMATA

TEACHER S NAME : MR. RIDUAN AMIRBEK

Aim To study the effect of air movement on the rate of transpiration. Problem statement What is the effect of air movement on the rate of transpiration? Hypothesis In still air, the rate of transpiration is low, while in moving air (windy condition), the rate of transpiration is high. Variables (a) Manipulated : Air movement (still air or moving air) (b) Responding : Rate of transpiration, time taken for air bubble to travel from P to Q (c) Constant : Type and size of plants Apparatus and Materials Leafy shoot, knife, vaseline, rubber stopper with holes, beaker, potometer, tissue paper, stopwatch, basin, water, and fan. Technique Measure the time taken for the air bubble to travel from P to Q by using a stopwatch. Procedure 1 The potometer is immersed in water and moved around to remove all ai r bubbles. The screw clip of the potometer is opened to fill the graduated capillary tube with water. 2 A fresh leafy shoot is cut diagonally in the water to ensure that the flow of water in the xylem is not disrupted by air bubbles. 3 The end of the shoot is pushed through the hole in the rubber stopper under water. The end of the capillary tube is placed in a beaker of water. Both ends of the shoot and the capillary tube must be in the water. 4 The screw clip is closed and the potometer is removed from the water. 5 The surface of the leaves and stem is wiped with tissue paper, so that it is dry. 6 Vaseline is spread around the shoot and the rubber stopper to make sure that all the joints are airtight. 7 An air bubble is trapped in the capillary tube by removing the end of the tube from the water in the beaker, wiping off the excess water and then immersed the end of the tube in the water again. 8 The potometer is left aside until the air bubble in the capillary tube is moving steadily. 9 Two points P and Q of length 10 cm apart are marked on the capillary tube. 10 The potometer is placed in still air. 11 The time taken for the air bubble to move from P to Q is recorded. 12 The air bubble is moved to point P again by opening the screw clip. The experiment is repeated twice and the mean time is calculated.

13 Steps 11 to 12 are repeated by placing the potometer in moving air such as below moving fan. 14 The rate of transpiration is calculated by using the following formula : Rate of transpiration = 10/t cm/minute t = time taken for air bubble to move from P to Q Precaution (a) The diameter of the shoot must be slightly larger than the size of the hole in the rubber stopper. (b) The cut end of the shoot must be in the water. Result Time ( minute ) Air Movement Still air Moving air (wind) 1 20.5 1.5 2 18.0 1.8 3 21.0 1.6 Mean 19.8 1.6 Rate of transpiration [10/t (cm/minute)] 0.51 6.25

Conclusion Hypothesis is accepted. In moving air or windy condition, the rate of transpiration is high, while in still air, the rate of transpiration is low.