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What is knowledge consistency check?

Answer:
Within a Site, a Windows server 2003 service known as the KCC automatically generates a topology for replication among the domain controllers in the domain using a ring structure. The Kcc is a built in process that runs on all domain controllers. The KCC analyzes the replication topology within a site every 15 minute to ensure that it still works. If you add or remove a domain controller from the network or a site, the KCC reconfigures the topology to relect the change. What is knowledge consistency check in Active Directory?

Answer
The Knowledge Consistency Checker (KCC) is a dynamic-link library (DLL) that runs as a distributed application on every domain controller. The KCC on each domain controller modifies data in its local instance of the directory in response to forestwide changes, which are made known to the KCC by changes to data in the configuration directory partition. The KCC generates and maintains the replication topology for replication within sites and between sites by converting KCC-defined and administrator-defined (if any) connection objects into a configuration that is understood by the directory replication engine.

How do I specify a bridgehead server?


A. To minimize bandwidth usage during intersite communication, the Knowledge Consistency Checker (KCC) dynamically chooses a server from each site to handle the communication. These servers are the bridgehead servers. Rather than letting the KCC choose the servers, you might prefer to nominate domain controllers (e.g., a domain controller with the best network connectivity, a domain controller that is the proxy server in a firewall environment). A server that you nominate is a preferred bridgehead server. You can select multiple preferred bridgehead servers for a site, but only one of the servers is active at a time. If the active preferred bridgehead server fails, then another preferred bridgehead server becomes the active server. If no preferred bridgehead servers are available, a regular Windows 2000 domain controller becomes active for intersite communication. Letting a regular Win2K domain controller handle intersite communication might cause problems if the server lacks sufficient resources. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. To nominate a server as a bridgehead server, start the Active Directory Sites and Services MMC snap-in. (Select Programs, Administrative Tools, Active Directory Sites and Services from the Start menu.) Expand the Sites branch. Expand the site containing the server, and select the Servers container. Right-click the server, and select Properties. Select the protocol you want the server to act as a preferred bridgehead server for (i.e., SMTP or IP), as the Screen shows, and click Add. Click here to view image 6. Click OK. When the KCC runs the next time, the connection objects will change to use the bridgehead server you specified.

How do I create a site link bridge?


A. Site link bridges are important for intersite communication. Imagine you have the sites Liverpool, London, and Kent, and you have site links between Liverpool and London and between Kent and London, as the Figure shows. If site link transitivity is disabled, Liverpool and Kent cant communicate. A site link bridge lets London act as a router for communication between Liverpool and Kent. Click here to view image If site link transitivity is disabled, you must manually bridge sites so that replication can complete and the Knowledge Consistency Checker (KCC) can create the necessary connection objects. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Start the Active Directory Sites and Services MMC snap-in. (Select Programs, Administrative Tools, Active Directory Sites and Services from the Start menu.) Expand the Sites branch. Expand the Inter-Site Transports branch. Right-click the protocol you want to create the bridge for (i.e., IP or SMTP), and select New Site Link Bridge. Enter a name for the bridge, and select the site links that will form the bridge, as the Screen shows.

How do I disable site link transitivity?


A. Site links are bridged together to make them transitive so that the Knowledge Consistency Checker (KCC) can create connection objects between domain controllers. You can disable site link transitivity, then manually bridge specific site links to achieve more control.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Start the Active Directory Sites and Services MMC snap-in. (Select Programs, Administrative Tools, Active Directory Sites and Services from the Start menu.) Expand the Sites branch. Expand the Inter-Site Transports branch. Right-click the protocol you want to disable transitivity for (i.e., IP or SMTP), and select Properties. Clear the Bridge all site links checkbox, and click Apply, as the Screen shows.

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