Farah Mushtaq - Full Thesis

-
2008-2009
E:\AA_All_Transfer\Educational
Studies+College\COLLEGE\College_Thesis_2009\Farah
Abstract

25020

26
25020
EDU/GCE/9600/2008
1-9
1.1
4-5
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
10-39
1.7
12
2.1
13
2.2
13-15
2.3
15-16
2.4
16-19
2.5
19-20
2.6
20-22
/ 2.7
22-23
2.8
23-24
2.9
26-27
Dr. Malleson 2.11
27-28
2.12
28-29

2.13
29-31
2.14
31
2.15
31-34
2.16
34-35

2.17
35
35-37
2.18
2.19

37-38
39
2.20

2.21
40-54
42
3.1
42
3.2
43
3.3
44
3.4
45
3.5
45
3.6
45-46
3.7
46-47
3.8
47

3.9
48
3.10
49
49-50
50
3.11

3.12
3.13
50-51
3.14
51-52
3.15
52
3.16
52
3.17
53
3.18
53-54
54
55-130
3.19

3.20

4.1
59-84

4.1.1
85-100

4.1.2
100-111

4.1.3
112-127
4.1.4
4.2
129
130
131-138
133-134
135
136-137

4.2.1

4.2.2

5.1
5.2
5.3
138
5.4

60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
10
70
11
71
12
72
13
73
14
74
15
75
16
76
17
77
18
78
19
79
20
80
21
81
22
82
23
83
24
84
25
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
10
96
11
97
12
98
13
14
99
100
15
17
27
48
49
50
143

1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.1

1.2

1.3

W.J. Good and P.K. Hott:-
1.4

1.5

1.6
1.7

.2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
Dr.Mallesen2.11
2.12

2.13
2.14

2.15

2.16

2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
.

2.21
2.1

G.C. Helmstater
"Review are integrated and critical discussion or recen research as
particular
topic
witten
by
variety
of
different outhors."
According to L.R Gay:

"Review is the indenfication, location and analysis of
the related material concerning the problem."
According to C.V Good:

" A survey of printed material dealing with or
bearing in given subject or Problem."
2.2

2.3

1
2
3
2.4

1
2
3

" As a result, both teachers and pupils usually have

low opinion of the study hall."
(Ref Hannah logase the study Hall in Junior and Senior high school P3-17)
2.5

299 2006

3
4
2.6
(Road to Reading)(Ralphe Staiger)

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

38 (Whippie)
1

2

3

4

5

6
7
8

9
10

11

12

13
14
15

16

17

18
19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28
29
30

31

32
33

34

35

36

37
Dr. Malleson 2.11

Malleson

Dr. Melleson
(Optimum)

1
(Optimum)
2

4

5

Dr. Malleson

2.12
Jhan Adam

Brubacher

Hall
"Teacher is a real maker of the history"
2.13

2.14

V.K.Gupta
"A teacher's most vital role is to provide enconragement, over come
f r u s t r a t i o n s
a n d
d e v e l o p
confidence in students."
(Teaching and learning of sceience & technology page#100)
2.15

2.16

1950
2.17

25,20
2.18

2.19
2.20
2

3
5
6

7
2.21

95

.3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7

3.8

3.9
3.10
3.11

3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19

3.20
Jhan. W.Best
"Research is more systematic activity directed towards discovery and
t h e
d e v e l o p m e n t
o f
a n
organized body of knowledge".

"Research directed towards the increase of knowledgem, the primary
aim being a greater knowledge or understanding of the subject under
study".
(http://www.answer.com/topic/research3)

According to Khawaja Masroor:"Research in education is a systematic logical and scentific method of
d i s c o v e r y
e d u c a t i o n a l
solving educational problem."
f a c t s
o r
p a t t e r n s
i n
p o p i l s ,
s t u d e n t s ,
teachers and other participants in schools."

(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational research)

A According To Purpose
Basic Research
Applied Research
Action Research
Evalutive Research
Research & Development
B According To Method
Historical Research
Descriptive Research
Experimented Research
Development Research
C According To Time
Short Rang Research
Long Rang Research
D According To Date Used

Analytical Research
Emprical Research
E According To Person
Individual Research
Cooperative Research
F According To Place
Labortory Research
Library Research
G According To Medium Communication

Quantitative Research
Quantitative Research.
ii
iii

" Descriptive research invovle collecting data in order to test
hypothesis or to answer questions concerning the current status of the
s
study"
According to Van Deobold:

"Typical descriptive studies are concerned with the assessment of
a t t i t u d e s ,
o p i n i o n s ,
d e m o g r a p h i c
infromation, conditions, and Procedures".

Qualitative

Quality

(Quantitative)

(Population)

"A population is the group if interest to which a researcher would
lik e
th e
generalizable".
re su lt
o f
stu d y
to
b e

20
(Sampling)
According to William J.Good:

"A Sample is a small proportion of a population
selected for analysis."

According to P.V. Young:
"Sampling is the process of seleting a numbers of individuals a
study
in
such
away
that
the
individuals
repesent the group."

Simple Random Sampling

"According to L.R Gay:

"Random Sampling is the process of selecting a sample in such a way
that all individuals in the defined population have an equal and
i
change of being selected for sample."
According to C.V Good:

"Questionaire is a collecting of different questions which is distributed
through the mail or personally filled by the respondent under the
s
"
"A form containing a set of questions, especially one addressed to a

statistically significiant number of subjects as a way of gathering
i
survey"
(hhtp://www.the freedictionary.com/Questionaire)
"A Conversational, such as on conducted by, reporter, in which facts or

s t a t e m e n t s
a r e
e l i c i t e d
from another."
(http://www.thefreedictionary.com/interview)

4.1

4.1.1
4.1.2

4.1.3
4.1.4
4.2
4.2.1

4.2.2
Ch: Square X
(Frequency Observed)fo
(Frequency Expected)fe
(Degree of Freedom)df

0.05

80
00
03
04
09
64
100%
00%
3.75%
5%
11.25%
80%
2

80
18
06
06
100%
22.5
7.5%
7.5%
13
37
16.25% 46.25%
80
29
06
19
14
12
100%
36.25%
7.5%
23.75%
17.5%
15%
80
26
03
13
19
19
100%
32.5%
3.75
16.25%
23.75%
23.75%
80
16
04
04
07
49
100%
20%
5%
5%
8.75%
61.25%
80
19
06
08
19
28
100%
23.75%
7.5%
10%
23.75%
35%
80
04
02
06
12
56
100%
5%
2.5%
7.5%
15%
70%
80
03
06
06
19
46
100%
3.75%
7.5%
7.5%
23.75%
57.5%
80
10
02
08
20
40
100%
12.5%
2.5%
10%
25%
50%
10

10

80
07
06
04
20
43
100%
8.75%
7.5%
5%
25%
53.75%
11
11

80
00
15
10
23
32
100%
00%
18.75%
12.5%
28.75%
40%
12

12

80
04
08
02
20
46
100%
5%
10%
2.5%
25%
57.5%
13

13

80
11
10
07
12
40
100%
13.75%
12.5%
8.75%
15%
50%
14

14

80
06
04
08
16
46
100%
7.5%
5%
10%
20%
57.5%
15

15

80
15
05
08
100%
18.75%
6.25%
10%
17
35
21.25% 43.75%
16
16

80
08
02
00
08
62
100%
10%
2.5%
00%
10%
77.5%
17

17
80
10
03
01
100%
12.5%
3.75
1.25%
13
53
16.25% 66.25%
18

18

80
05
05
01
24
45
100%
6.25%
6.25%
1.25%
30%
56.25%
19

19

80
05
07
10
14
44
100%
6.25%
8.75%
12.5%
17.5%
55%
20
H.W
20
80
01
03
07
12
57
100%
1.25%
3.75%
8.75%
15%
71.25%

H.W

21

21

80
16
18
12
100%
20%
22.5%
15%
11
23
13.75% 28.75%
22

22

80
13
13
10
100%
16.25%
16.25%
12.5%
21
23
26.25% 28.75%
23

23

80
21
08
08
18
25
100%
26.25%
10%
10%
22.5%
31.25%
24

24

80
02
00
04
10
64
100%
2.5%
00%
5%
12.5%
80%
25

25
80
12
06
07
21
32
100%
17.5%
7.5%
8.75%
26.25%
40%
40
00
00
03
08
29
100%
00%
00%
7.5%
20%
72.5%
40
03
03
00
12
22
100%
7.5%
7.5%
00%
30%
55%
40
02
06
04
09
19
100%
5%
15%
10%
22.5%
47.5%
40
00
08
06
08
18
100%
00%
20%
15%
20%
45%
40
01
10
04
10
15
100%
2.5%
25%
10%
25%
37.5%
40
00
03
00
09
28
100%
00%
7.5%
00%
22.5%
70%
40
00
03
03
08
26
100%
00%
7.5%
7.5%
20%
65%
40
00
06
04
10
20
100%
00%
15%
10%
25%
50%
40
02
03
06
13
16
100%
5%
7.5%
15%
32.5%
40%
10

10
40
00
04
07
13
16
100%
00%
10%
17.5%
32.5%
40%
11
11
40
00
01
03
100%
00%
2.5%
7.5%
07
29
17.5% 72.5%
12
12

40
07
09
02
10
12
100%
17.5%
22.5%
5%
25%
30%
13
13
40
10
07
03
10
10
100%
25%
17.5%
7.5%
25%
25%
14

14
40
09
07
04
14
06
100%
22.5%
17.5%
10%
35%
15%
15
15
40
05
01
03
10
21
100%
12.5%
2.5%
7.5%
25%
52.5%
80
16
04
04
07
49
80
19
06
08
19
28
80
07
06
04
20
43
10
80
15
05
08
17
35
15
80
02
00
04
10
64
24
400
59
21
28
73
219
100%
14.75%
5.25%
7%
18.25% 54.75%
40
00
06
04
10
20
40
07
09
02
10
12
12
40
09
07
04
14
06
14
120
16
22
10
34
38
100%
13.33% 18.33% 8.33% 28.33% 31.66%
80
00
03
04
09
64
80
04
02
06
12
56
80
03
06
06
19
46
80
10
02
08
20
40
80
21
08
08
18
25
23
400
38
21
32
78
231
100%
9.5%
5.25%
8%
19.5% 57.75%
40
00
00
03
08
29
01
40
03
03
00
12
22
02
40
00
03
03
08
26
15
100%
2.5%
5%
5%
23.33% 64.16%
80
18
06
06
13
37
80
28
06
19
14
12
80
26
03
13
19
19
80
08
02
00
08
62
16
80
10
03
01
13
53
17
400
91
20
39
67
183
100%
22.75%
5%
9.75% 16.75% 45.75%
40
02
06
04
09
19
40
00
08
06
08
18
120
03
100%
2.5%
24
14
27
52
20% 11.66% 22.5% 43.33%
80
05
05
01
24
45
18
80
05
07
10
14
44
19
80
01
03
07
12
57
20
80
16
18
12
11
23
21
80
13
13
10
21
23
22
400
40
46
40
82
192
100%
10%
11.5%
10%
20.5%
48%
40
00
03
00
09
28
40
00
01
03
07
29
11
120
10
11
06
100%
8.33%
9.16%
5%
26
67
21.66% 55.83%
80
00
15
10
23
32
11
80
04
08
02
20
46
12
80
11
10
07
12
40
13
80
06
04
08
16
46
14
80
15
05
08
17
35
15
400
36
42
35
88
199
100%
9%
22%
49.75%
10.5% 8.75%
40
00
03
03
08
26
40
00
04
07
13
16
120
02
10
16
34
58
100%
1.66%
48%
8.33% 13.33% 28.33%
10
400
59
21
28
73
219
fo
400
57.67
33.07
29.23
82.30
197.69
fe
120
16
22
10
34
38
fo
120
17.30
9.92
8.76
24.69
59.30
fe
520
75
43
38
107
257
9.49
181.16

400
38
21
32
78
231
fo
400
31.53
20.76
29.23
81.53
236.92
fe
120
03
06
06
28
77
fo
120
9.46
6.23
8.76
24.46
71.07
fe
520
41
27
38
106
308

9.49
18.15

400
91
20
39
67
183
fo
400
72.30
33.84
40.76
72.30
180.76
fe
120
03
24
14
27
52
fo
120
21.69
10.15
12.23
21.69
54.23
fe
520
94
44
53
94
235
9.488
47.58

400
40
46
40
82
192
fo
400
38.46
43.84
35.38
83.07
199.23
fe
120
10
11
06
26
67
fo
120
11.53
13.15
10.61
24.92
59.76
fe
520
50
57
46
108
259

9.49
4.49

400
36
42
35
88
199
fo
400
29.23
40
39.23
93.84
197.69
fe
120
02
10
16
34
58
fo
120
8.76
12
11.76
28.15
59.30
fe
520
38
52
51
122
257

9.49
10.90

4

5

3

4
(Text Book Based)
5

.5
5.1
5.2
5.3

5.4
5.1
5.2

5.3

(Open Book Test)
5.4

2000

1999
1987
1995

1991

1990
1967
1992
1992
1999

2000

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.
2.
Anis Khurshid, "What children Read". National Book Centre of

Carter C.V., "Dictionary of Education", New York Hill Book
Company, 1956
3.
Dr. Maleson, "Text Book of (B.A. Eng)," ( How to study), Sind
Board Jamshoro 2000
4.
Dr. Ishtiaque Hussain, "Education in Pakistan", University
Pak, 1976
Text Book
Press, 1989
5.
Gay. L.R., "Educational Research" Florida International
University
Merril, 1987
6.
Ibn-Insha, "Developing Reading Habits in Asian Conditions."
7.
John W. Best, "Research in Education", New York Printic Hall inc, 1980
8.
Khawaja Masroor Ahmed, "Research Guide", Rehman
Trading,
Karachi, 1987
9.
Van Dalen Dedbold, "Understanding Educational Research", Mc Graw Hill,
London, 1996
10. Young.P.V, "Under Educational Research," New York McGraw
Hill Book Company, 1966.

2004

2006

2005

20078
WEBSITE SEARCH
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
http://www.answer.com/topic/reseach3
http://www.hunter.cony/edu/apiccian/edstatal.htm
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/interview
Jakartapost,"Encourage reading habits in students by
teachers" available from,
http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009
Richel longit Dursin, "Developing reading habits in children",
Retrived De 17, 2009
40
0%
00
0%
00
7.5%
03
20%
08
72.5%
29
40
7.5%
03
7.5%
03
0%
00
30%
12
55%
22
40
05%
02
15%
06
10%
04
22.5%
09
47.5%
19
40
0%
00
20%
08
15%
06
20%
08
45%
18
40
2.5%
01
25%
10
10%
04
25%
10
37.5%
15
40
0%
00
7.5%
03
0%
00
22.5%
09
70%
28
40
0%
00
7.5%
03
7.5%
03
20%
08
65%
26
40
0%
00
15%
06
10%
04
25%
10
50%
20
40
5%
02
7.5%
03
15%
06
32.5%
13
40%
16
40
0%
00
10%
04
17.5%
07
32.5%
13
40%
16
10
40
0%
00
2.5%
01
7.5%
03
17.5%
07
72.5%
29
11
40
17.5%
07
22.5%
09
5%
02
25%
10
30%
12
12
40
25%
10
17.5%
07
7.5%
03
25%
10
25%
10
13
40
22.5%
09
17.5%
07
10%
04
35%
14
15%
06
14
40
12.5%
05
2.5%
01
7.5%
03
25%
10
52.5%
21
15

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-

Dr. Malleson 2.11

W.J. Good and P.K. Hott:-

According to L.R Gay:

According to C.V Good:

" As a result, both teachers and pupils usually have

Dr. Malleson 2.11

organized body of knowledge".

solving educational problem."

teachers and other participants in schools."

D According To Date Used

G According To Medium Communication

According to Van Deobold:

infromation, conditions, and Procedures".

According to L.R Gay:

According to William J.Good:

repesent the group."

"According to L.R Gay:

change of being selected for sample."

According to C.V Good:

"A form containing a set of questions, especially one addressed to a

"A Conversational, such as on conducted by, reporter, in which facts or

13.33% 18.33% 8.33% 28.33% 31.66%

9.75% 16.75% 45.75%

20% 11.66% 22.5% 43.33%

8.33% 13.33% 28.33%

(Open Book Test)

Anis Khurshid, "What children Read". National Book Centre of

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