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2.
Second, convert published data on the growth of grouper in size over time into Graph 2 below.
Graph 3. Plotting research data on growth rate
3. Third, make Graph 3 by plotting the research data on the ABWs of the stocks after 150 culture days in which by-catch was used as feeds: less than 14% have ABW of less than 200 grams, 39% with ABW of 200-
400 grams, and 47% with ABW of more than 400 grams. It shows that the research data on growth is similar to that of the standard growth rate. Since size grading was done only during the time of stocking, it is expected that there is wide range of sizes of the stocks after the 5 months of culture. It also shows the suggested practice of size-grading at different culture periods of grouper. In commercial operation, the practice of size-grading to minimize, among others things, cannibalism and wide variance in the size of the stocks at harvest. 4. Fourth, know the financial viability. Final fish length and total production are shown to be better with the use of by-catch than that of formulated diet and tilapia (in polyculture with grouper) given the ROI of 155% and cash payback period of 0.4. It indicates that improvement in certain variables such as price of grouper juveniles, feeds, yield, survival, and FCR would make the project more financially viable. II. Another research paper titled A Practical Guide to Feeds and Feed Management for Cultured Groupers which is included in Publication No. 2005-02 of the Asia-Pacific Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network makes comparison of the 3 types of feeds: trash fish (by-catch), formulated feeds, and moist feeds. 1. Trash fish readily breaks up into small pieces when eaten. Consequently, as much as 30% to 50% of the trash fish fed to the stocks is lost which is 2 to 4 times more than that for pelleted feeds. 2. Formulated feeds (pellets) has better water stability so less of the feed is wasted, thereby generating less pollution and reducing disease problems. Just follow the basic rule: amount of feed should be based on the general formula: Amount of feed = Total no. of stocks x ABW x feeding rate. With this as guide, feed the fish to satiation but do not overfeed, i.e., when fish stop taking feed, stop feeding them. Things to consider in using formulated feeds. Pellets are fed slowly in small quantities that the stocks can immediately consume. This process is efficient but labor intensive Fishfarmers who obtained fingerlings or juveniles from the wild have experienced difficulties in converting from trash fish to formulated feed. The remedial measure is to feed the stocks with a mix of trash fish and formulated feed: initially, trash fish should comprise a large portion of the mixed feed; the proportion of formulated feed in the mixture is gradually increased until trash fish is totally eliminated. An alternative measure is to starve the fish for 2-3 days and then feed only formulated feed. But care should be taken not to starve or underfeed the fish quite long to prevent health problem. Feed should be distributed to pond areas where fish are present. Use feeding tray for monitoring purposes 3. Moist feeds can be made in various forms: pellet, ball, etc. The feeds consist of trash fish (60%), soybean meal (15), rice bran-cooked (15), Vitamin pre-mix (1), vitamin C (0.02), trace mineral premix (0.5), fish/squid oil (2), and water (0-10). Use feeding tray to reduce wastage during feeding.
Source: A Practical Guide to Feeds and Feed Management for Cultured Groupers Publication No. 2005-02 of the Asia-Pacific Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network.