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HDLC [High-level Data Link Control] is a group of protocols for transmitting [synchronous] data [Packets] between [Point-to-Point] nodes. In HDLC, data is organized into a frame. HDLC protocol resides with Layer 2 of the OSI model, the data link layer. HDLC uses zero insertion/deletion process [bit stuffing] to ensure that the bit pattern of the delimiter flag does not occur in the fields between flags. The HDLC frame is synchronous and therefore relies on the physical layer to provide method of clocking and synchronizing the transmission and reception of frames.
HDLC Control Field The Control field is 8 or 16 bits and defines the frame type; Control or Data. The Control field is protocol dependent. HDLC Data Field The Data field may vary in length depending upon the protocol using the frame. Layer 3 frames are carried in the data field. HDLC FCS Field FCS [16 bits] = X16 + X12 + X5 + 1 FCS [32 bits] = X32 + X26 + X23 + X22 + X16 + X12 + X11 + X10 + X8 + X7 + X5 + X4 + X2 + X + 1
Frame Encapsulation: A few different versions of the HDLC frame are shown below. These include the PPP [Point-to-Point Protocol] HDLC frame, and the Ethernet HDLC frame.
The Address Field consists of a Source Address and/or a Destination Address. The Source and Destination Addresses identify the sender [Source] and receiver [Destination]. The Source Address is used to identify to the network that's sending data. The Destination Address is used to identify who should be receiving the data. Some protocols may only have one address. The Control Field indicates the type of Information that is being sent as Data. It identifies the purpose of the packet as Data or Control information, and may also indicate the size of the packet and Data. The Data Field is the actual information being transmitted. It can contain Control Information for handshaking, or actual Data used by applications. The CRC [Cyclic Redundancy Checking] or FCS [Frame Check Sequence] contains an error checking number that the Destination can use to verify that the packet is error free. The End Frame Delimiter has a specific bit pattern. This bit pattern identifies the end of the packet to the Destination. Protocols with fixed packet size may not require an End Frame Delimiter. For some physical interfaces [SDH or SONET] after the data as been encapsulated into the frame it must still be scrambled before being sent to the physical layer [from the Link layer].
HDLC IC Manufacturers
HDLC: High-Level Data Link Control. SDLC: Synchronous Data Link Control. Link layer protocol based on synchronous, bit-oriented operation. Other Protocols; LAP; Link Access Procedure and LAPB; Link Access Procedure, Balanced, PPP Point-to-Point Protocol and Frame Relay. Additional information from Cisco. Conexant Systems Inc. {HDLC} Infineon {HDLC Controller IC} LSI Corporation {HDLC IC Manufacturer} Maxim Integrated Products {DS31256 (256 channel PCI to HDLC) and 4 families of parts that provide Ethernet to HDLC translation: DS33X162, DS33R41, DS33Z41 and DS33M33} PMC-Sierra Inc. {32 link, 256 HDLC channel Frame Engine and Data Link Manager, 8 link, 128 HDLC channel data link manager, 336 Link, 1024 Channel HDLC Controller with FR and PPP Multilink} STMicroelectronics {Signalling System 7 Link Controller} TranSwitch Corp. {HDLC Controller ICs} Zarlink Semiconductor Use the COMPONENTS icon below for all other IC [Integrated Circuits] types.
[IS 3309]: Information Processing Systems--Data Communication High-Level Data Link Control Procedure--Frame Structure
ISO {International Organization for Standardization} RELATED: Protocol Acronyms, Protocol Definitions Electronic Engineering tags: HDLC Standard, High-level Data Link Control Specification Point-to-Point Protocol, and HDLC Protocol.