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TELECOM HISTORY
1842: Wireless by conduction 1843: Early electromagnetic research, wireless by induction 1865: Induction and Dr. Loomis Early radio discoveries 1879: D.E. Hughes and the first radio-telephone reception 1880: The photo phone and the first voice radio-telephone call 1880 to 1900: Radio development begins in earnest 1910: The first car-telephone 1924: The first car-mounted radio-telephone 1937: Early conventional radio-telephone development
The modern era begins 1946: The first commercial American radio-telephone service 1947: Cellular systems first discussed
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1948: The first automatic radio telephone service 1969: The first cellular radio system 1973: The Father of the cell phone 1978: First generation analog cellular systems begin 1980: Growth of Japanese cellular development 1981: NMT -- the first multinational cellular system 1982: The rise of GSM 1990: North America goes digital: IS-54
While puzzling over the mysteries of radio, many inventors worked concurrently on power generation, telegraphs, lighting, and later, telephone. The thorough understanding of electricity required to produce a reliable, practical radio system took a long time and happened in different phases.
In 1820, Danish physicist Christian Ousted discovered electromagnetism, the science that could help generate electrical power and, if fully understood and applied, usher in the era of telecommunication.
induction. This helped him build the world's first electricity generator. He worked on different electrical problems in the next ten years, eventually publishing his results on induction in 1831.
In 1830 the great American scientist Professor Joseph Henry transmitted the first practical electrical signal; showing that electromagnetism could do more than just create current or pick up heavy weights -- it could communicate. In a stunning demonstration in his Albany Academy classroom, Henry created the forerunner of the telegraph. While Henry did not pursue electrical signaling, he did help someone who did. And that man was Samuel Finley Breese Morse.
In 1837 Samuel Morse invented the first practical telegraph, applied for its patent in 1838 and was finally granted it in 1848. Joseph Henry helped Morse build a telegraph relay or repeater that allowed long distance operation. The telegraph brought the country closer and eventually the world. Morse also experimented with wireless, not by passing signals though the atmosphere but through the earth and water. Without a cable.
Wireless by conduction
On October 18, 1842, Morse laid wires between Governor's Island and Castle Garden, 4
New York, a distance of about a mile. Part of that circuit was under water. But before he could complete this demonstration a passing ship pulled up his cable, ending it seemed, his experiment. Undaunted, Morse proceeded without the cable, passing his telegraph signals through the water itself. This is wireless by conduction.
Over the next thirty years most inventors and developers concentrated on wire line telegraphy, that is, conventional telegraphy carried over wires suspended on poles. Few tinkered exclusively with wireless since a basic radio theory had not yet been worked out. Telegraphy, however, did produce a good understanding of wireless by induction since wires ran parallel to each other and often induced rogue currents into other lines.
In 1843 Faraday began intensive research into whether space could conduct electricity. In 1864 Maxwell released his paper "Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field" which concluded that light, electricity and magnetism were all related and that all electromagnetic phenomena travelled in waves.
In 1865, a dentist Dr. Mahlon Loomis of Virginia may have been the first person to communicate through wireless via the atmosphere. Between 1866 and 1873 he transmitted telegraphic messages at a distance of 18 miles. At one location he even flew 5
a metal-framed kite on a metal wire, perhaps taking inspiration from Benjamin Franklin. At another location a similar kite picked up these signals and noted them with a galvanometer.
Alexander Graham Bell was the man who invented the telephone and made the first call on a wired telephone to Thomas Watson. Bell was also first with radio.
In 1888 the German, Heinrich Hertz, conclusively proved Maxwell's prediction that electricity could travel in waves through the atmosphere. Unlike Hughes, the extensive and systematic experiments into radio waves that Hertz conducted were recognised and validated by inventors around the world. Jagadish Chandra Bose demonstrated electromagnetic waves in 1895 "by using them to ring a bell remotely and to explode some gunpowder".
Marconi established the first successful radio system. In 1901, his radio-telegraph system sent signals across the Atlantic Ocean. Ships were the first wireless mobile platforms. In 1901 Marconi placed a radio aboard a Thorny croft steam-powered truck, thus producing the first land-based wireless mobile transmitting data, not voice.
In December 24, 1906, Reginald Fessenden accomplished the first radio bandwave communication of human speech over a distance of 11 miles, from Brant Rock, Massachusetts, to ships in the Atlantic Ocean. Radio was no longer limited to telegraph codes, no longer just a wireless telegraph, but a means of verbal communication.
Around the same time, the triode tube was developed, allowing far greater signal strength to be developed both for wireline and wireless telephony. No longer passive like a crystal set, a triode was powered by an external source, which provided much better reception and volume.
Later, with Armstrong's regenerative circuit, tubes were developed that could either transmit or receive signals, were stable and powerful enough to carry the human voice and sensitive enough to detect those signals in the radio spectrum.
In 1919, three firms came together to develop a wireless company that one day would have a reach across the globe. Heavy equipment maker ASEA, boiler and gas equipment maker AGA and telephone manufacturer LM Ericsson, formed SRA Radio, the forerunner of Ericsson's radio division.
History of cellular mobile telephony: 1982 to 2001 1980 - First cellular phones began to appear 1982 - Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT) standard 1983 - American Mobile Phone System (AMPS) standard
1986 - Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT) 900 MHz 1991 - Commercial launch of the GSM service 1993 - Coverage of main roads GSM services start outside Europe 1994 - Japanese Digital Cellular (JDC) 1996 - USA Personal Communications Systems (PCS) 1982 - The beginning
During the early 1980s, analog cellular telephone systems experienced rapid growth in Europe, particularly in Scandinavia and the United Kingdom, but also in France and Germany. Each country developed its own system, which was incompatible with those of others, in equipment and operation. This was an undesirable situation, because not only was the mobile equipment limited to operation within national boundaries, but also limited to the market for each type of equipment. This scenario in a unified Europe was undesirable.
The Europeans realized this early on, and in 1982, the Conference of European Posts and Telegraphs (CEPT) form a study group called the Group Special Mobile (GSM) to study and develop a pan-European public land mobile system. The proposed system had to meet certain criteria, which included:
1. Good subjective speech quality. 2. Low terminal and service cost. 3. Support for international roaming. 4. Ability to support handheld terminals. 5. Support for a range of new services and facilities.
6. Spectral efficiency 7. ISDN compatibility. Nordic Telecom and Netherlands PTT proposed to the CEPT the development of a new digital cellular standard that would cope with the ever-burgeoning demands on European mobile networks. The European Commission (EC) issued a directive which required member states to reserve frequencies in the 900 MHz band for GSM to allow for roaming.
1987 September - 13 operators and administrators from 12 areas in the CEPT GSM
advisory group signed the charter GSM (Groupe Spciale Mobile) MoU "Club" agreement, with a launch date of 1 July 1991. The original French name Groupe Spciale Mobile was changed to Global System for Mobile communications; but the original GSM acronym remains.
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The developers of GSM chose an unproven (at that time) digital system, as opposed to the then standard analog cellular systems like AMPS in the United States and TACS in the United Kingdom. They had faith in the advancements in compression algorithms and digital signal processors to allow the fulfillment of the original criteria and the continual improvement of the system in terms of quality and cost.
The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) defined GSM as the internationally accepted digital cellular telephony standard.
1990
Phase 1 GSM 900 specifications were frozen DCS adaptation started. Validation systems implemented. First GSM World congress at Rome had 650 participants.
1991
First GSM specification was demonstrated. DCS specifications were frozen. GSM World Congress at Nice had 690 participants.
1992
January - The first GSM network operator was Oy Radiolinja Ab in Finland. December 1992 - 13 networks were on air in 7 areas. GSM World Congress at Berlin had 630 participants.
1993
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GSM was demonstrated for the first time in Africa at Telkom '93 in Cape Town. Roaming agreements between several operators were established. By December 1993, 32 networks were on air in 18 areas. GSM World Congress at Lisbon progressed with 760 participants. Telkom '93 was held in Cape Town. First GSM systems were shown.
1994
First GSM networks in Africa were launched in South Africa. Phase 2 data /fax bearer services were launched. Vodacom became the first GSM network in the world to implement data/fax. GSM World Congress at Athens drew 780 participants. December 1994 -- 69 networks were on air in 43 areas.
1995
GSM MOU was formally registered as an association registered in Switzerland with 156 members from 86 areas. GSM World Congress at Madrid attracted 1400 participants. December 1995 - 117 networks were on air in 69 areas. Fax, Data and SMS roaming started. GSM phase 2 standardisation was completed, including adaptation for PCS 1900. First PCS 1900 network was shown live 'on air' in the USA. Telecom '95, Geneva -- Nokia shows 33.6 kbps multimedia data via GSM. Namibia goes on-line. Ericsson 337 wins GSM phone of the year. US FCC auctioned off PCS licenses.
1996
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December 1996 - 120 networks were on air in 84 areas. GSM World Congress was held in Cannes. GSM MOU Plenary was held in Atlanta GA, USA. 8K SIM was launched. Pre-paid GSM SIM cards were launched. Bundled billing was introduced in South Africa. Libya goes on-line. Option International launches the world's first GSM/Fixed-line modem.
2001
Feb -- GSM Conference held in Cannes. By May 2001 there were 500m GSM 900/1800/1900 users worldwide. 16 billion SMS messages were sent in April 2001. By April, 500 million people are GSM users.
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(1) Population estimates are as per National Census, 2001 and are as of March 1, 2001. The population for Uttar Pradesh (West) circle is approximately 37% of the total population for the state of Uttar Pradesh. (2) Mobile subscriber statistics are as of June 30, 2004 and are based on data released by COAI. Mobile market size comprises the total number of mobile subscribers of all the service providers in a circle. (3) Demographics of Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu do not include demographics of state capitals (metros) Mumbai and Chennai respectively. (4) Demographics of Haryana does not include Faridabad & Gurgaon as they are included in MATHURA & NCR. Similarly demographics of Uttar Pradesh (West) & Uttaranchal does not include Noida & MATHURA as they are included in MATHURA NCR. The significant growth in the Company's mobile business has been through a combination of organic growth and acquisitions of additional licenses and has been summarized below. The information given below is for the total market and is not representative of our market share or network coverage. 1) 2) Comprises the circles of Maharashtra and Goa.
Andhra 3)
Pradesh and
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Usefulness &importance
Seminars: seminars are conducted at different places by the expert time by time to make people aware. Publicity: publicity is done through various media.
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Stalls at famous places: they conduct their stall after a particular period of time on the famous and public place to attract them towards themselves. DSA (Direct Sales Agency) Print media Hoarding Banners Advertisement Leaflets
Follow ups By KNOP
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COMPANY PROFILE
Airtel comes to you from Bharti Cellular Limited - a part of the biggest private integrated telecom conglomerate, Bharti Enterprises. Bharti provides a range of telecom services, which include Cellular, Basic, Internet and recently introduced National Long Distance. Bharti also manufactures and exports telephone terminals and cordless phones. Apart from being the largest manufacturer of telephone instruments in India, it is also the first company to export its
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products to the USA. Bharti is the leading cellular service provider, with a footprint in 15 states covering all four metros and more than 7 million satisfied customers.
VISION:
To make mobile communications a way of life and be the customers' first choice.
MISSION:
We will meet the mobile communication needs of our customers through: Error-free service delivery Innovative products and services Cost efficiency Unified Messaging Solutions
CORE VALUE:
We will delight our customer with our simplicity, speed & innovation. We will honours our commitment. We will follow the highest standard of professional integrity & behaviour. We will respect individual, build winning teams and lead by example. We will create a fun filled and friendly workplace.
Bharti Tele-Ventures Limited was incorporated on July 7, 1995 for promoting investments in telecommunications services. Its subsidiaries operate telecom services across India. Bharti Tele-Ventures is India's leading private sector provider of telecommunications services based on a strong customer base consisting of 7.42 million total customers, which constitute, 6.76 million mobile and 657,000 fixed line customers, as of April 30, 2004.
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Bharti Tele-Ventures vision for its mobile business is To make mobile communications a way of life and be the customers first choice. The mission is to meet the mobile communication needs of the customer through 1) error free service 2) Innovative products and services and 3) cost efficiency. The Companys strategic objective is to consolidate its leadership position amongst the mobile service providers in India. The Indian mobile market, according to the COAI, has increased from approximately 1.2 million subscribers as of March 31, 1999 to approximately 29.21 million subscribers as of June 30, 2004. Despite this rapid growth, the mobile penetration rate in India, at approximately 2.8% as of June 30, 2004, is significantly lower than the average mobile penetration rate in other Asian and international markets. The number of mobile subscribers in India is expected to show rapid growth over the next four years. By 2006 it is projected at 50 million by COAI and 44 million by Gartner. Bharti Tele-Ventures believes that the demand for mobile services in India will continue to grow rapidly as a result of the following factors: Lower tariffs and handset prices over time; Growth in pre-paid customer category; Greater economic growth and continued development of India's economy; Higher quality mobile networks and services; and Greater variety and usage of value added services.
Bharti Tele-Ventures, through its subsidiary has the licenses to provide GSM services in all the twenty-two telecom circles in India. It proposes to consolidate all its subsidiaries providing mobile services under Bharti Cellular Limited. 20
As of June 30, 2004, approximately 92% of India's total mobile subscriber market resided in the Company's sixteen mobile circles, which collectively covered only 56% of India's land mass.
BENEFITS OF GOOD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM Easy availability Satisfied customers Competitive advantage Better market reputation
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Saves time
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Primary Sales - Organisation to Distribution of Prepaid, Postpaid Cards, Coupons, easy recharge etc. Secondary Sales - Distributor to Retailers Tertiary Sales - Retailer to Customer.
PROCEDURE OF ACTIVATION OF PREPAID CONNECTION: Dealer (Confirms on 570) FOS (Saw that the form is completed and has Accessory papers Distributor (Activates the card)
PROCEDURE OF ACTIVATION OF POSTPAID CONNECTION: Dealer (Collects of Cash and facilitates in Competition) FOS (Collects the Form) Distributor (Activates the card)
SOURCE:
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(1) Population estimates are as per National Census, 2001 and are as of March 1, 2001. The population for Uttar Pradesh (East) circle is approximately 37% of the total population for the state of Uttar Pradesh. (2) Mobile subscriber statistics are as of June 30, 2004 and are based on data released by COAI. Mobile market size comprises the total number of mobile subscribers of all the service providers in a circle. (3) Demographics of Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu do not include demographics of state capitals (metros) Mumbai and Chennai respectively. (4) Demographics of Haryana does not include Faridabad & Gurgaon as they are included in Delhi & NCR. Similarly demographics of Uttar Pradesh (West) & Uttaranchal does not include Noida & Delhi as they are included in Delhi NCR. The significant growth in the Company's mobile business has been through a combination of organic growth and acquisitions of additional licenses and has been summarized below. The information given below is for the total market and is not representative of our market share or network coverage. 1) 2) Comprises the circles of Maharashtra and Goa. Andhra
Pradesh. 3) and 4) 5) to Comprises the circles of Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh Chennai. Comprises the sixteen operational circles of Bharti Tele-Ventures.
Based on data released by the COAI on the total number of persons subscribing mobile services in our licensed areas.
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Some Marketing And Business Tools Adopted By AIRTEL As To Promote Its Activities:
Seminars: seminars are conducted at different places by the expert time by time to make people aware. Publicity: publicity is done through various media. Stalls at famous places: they conduct their stall after a particular period of time on the famous and public place to attract them towards themselves. DSA (Direct Sales Agency) Print media Hoarding Banners Advertisement Leaflets
Follow ups By KNOP
Mobile Strategy
Capture maximum telecommunications revenue potential with minimum geographicalcoverage to maximise its revenues and margins.Build high quality mobile networks by deploying state-of-the-art technology to offer superior services. Use the experience it has gained from operating its existing mobile networks to develop and operate other mobile networks in India and to share the expertise across all of its existing and new Circles. 26
Attract and retain high revenue generating customers by providing competitive tariffs, offering high quality customer support, proactive retention programs and roaming packages across all of its mobile circles. Provide affordable tariff plans to suit each segment of the market with a view to expand the reach, thereby increasing the mobile customer base rapidly.
Industry additions were up from the last month's 12.71 Lacks to 13.69 Lacs this month. In percentage terms, this translates to a increase of 9 % in net adds over last month. The number of subscribers moved up from 21.99 Mn at the end of Dec-09 to 24.36 Mn at the end of Jan-10, a growth of 8.22 %. All India monthly growth in subscriber numbers was 6.13 %. The growth elsewhere was : Metros 5.28 % A circles 6.22 % B circles 7.75 % C circles 3.43 % All Circles Total 6.67 % Airtel 6.39 % B Circle category has shown the highest growth in subscriber base on an individual basis this month. At Airtel, we have always sought to enhance value for you as a customer by providing you the most relevant and easy to use services through innovation and by harnessing 27
the latest developments in technology. In line with this strategy, we have constantly introduced innovative products and services to suit your unique needs and wants.
Our services range from CLI to Music Messaging to Lost Call Alerts you better.
all to serve
Move your mouse over any service from the following menu to get a brief description on what it is all about. SMS ASTROLOGY RINGTONES VOICE-MAIL DAIL-A-RINGTONE LOGOS CALLER TUNES MUSIC MESSAGING FLASH MESSAGES BLINKING MESSAGES JOKES LOVE JOKES YAHOO! MESSAGING YAHOO! MAIL NEWS UPDATES SPORTS CALLER IDENTIFICATION
The growth and penetration of sophisticated digital communication systems, infrastructures, and services, has been increasing constantly over the last decade. Examples of these services are the Internet, electronic mail, multimedia, pagers, PDA's, and mobile telephony. From marginal penetration 15 years ago, these systems and services are becoming a commodity in both professional and consumer markets worldwide. The developments in these fields are still going strong. In particular, rapid advances - both in technology and services - can currently be observed in wireless and mobile systems that support the communication of different media, such as data, speech, audio, video and control. Current wireless network and mobile phone services roll-out is centered around four available technologies, namely WAP, UMTS, Bluetooth, and mobile positioning systems. The wireless application protocol (WAP), initially carried by second generation GSM and in the future by third generation UMTS wireless networks, will turn the mobile phone into a networked smart-phone capable of low to medium data rate Internet functionalities. Bluetooth will allow for short-range data communication between consumer appliances in a domestic environment. Positioning systems will become integral part of mobile phones such that services can be made dependent on the location of the user in the network. When projecting the progress in mobile networks and services into the future, three developments are of importance. In the first place, we can observe that more and more mobile phone-like devices start to include accessories such as a small keyboard, a display, and a speech interface. Such communication and information-oriented systems are emerging as hybrids between the mobile phone and the wireless laptop personal computer. With higher bit rates supporting more advanced services, the integration of
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the personal computer and personal communication devices will be pushed even further. In the second place, we observe that computing resources are becoming ubiquitously that is everywhere and at all time - available. We will soon live in an environment that supports us by providing ubiquitous Computing for a wide variety of tasks and services. Daily life consumables, durable products and services already contain an everincreasing number of sensors, actuators, processing units, and (embedded) software. The personal computer has entered daily life as a necessary commodity, and the development of sophisticated communication systems in today's society relies heavily on the availability of computation resources. Finally, we observe that communication and computing is becoming increasingly personal. The device (and therefore the user) is always on-line, the user is identifiable, the device can be personalized, and the system knows about the users position.
and benchmarks the pricing of emerging services such as short message services. These services are the harbingers of ? Third generation ? Information services over mobile networks, and policy makers need to review current regulatory frameworks to enhance pricing innovation and competition in the provision of these services.
INDIVIDUAL CUSTOMIZATION
An important trend in our society is agility or mass individualization. Consumer behavior is much more volatile, much less predictable and increasingly concerned with instant gratification. The expectation is that in due course this trend towards individualization will become a more important factor in the emerging markets too, particularly in the urban areas. As well as setting quality standards for products, this attitude also demands delivery at the right time and in the right place. At any moment, wherever the consumer may be, it has to be possible to satisfy his or her requirements; it is a question of the consumer as a "moving target" and how we can increase our chances of "scoring a hit". In modern thinking about categories of consumers, every consumer has something of this instant consumer in his or her make-up, alongside other possible descriptions, such as "rational", "social" and "responsible". What's more, this can vary according to the product category. One moment, moreover, this instant consumer will be demanding products on the basis of flavor, convenience or cheapness, and in the next breath will be voicing concerns about the environment, animal welfare or his or her own health. The likelihood is that in the long term health, the environment and animal welfare will be significant factors in the concept of quality, as safety already is. Changes in consumption patterns are an important factor in this development. While the retail trade is evolving from supermarket to household service provider in response to mass individualization, consumers are increasingly also obtaining their food through 31
other outlets: company canteens, take-away meals, snack bars, old people's homes etc. "Young couples" in Europe are rapidly moving towards the situation that already exists in the United States, where 50% of the food consumed is prepared outside the home. This places different demands on products in terms of keeping qualities (shelf life), convenience and presentation.
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will play a major role. This will have to be specifically taken into account in the development of technology.
COMPANYS PLANS
PREPAID PLANS
Are you wary of committing yourself to a date for making your bill payments? Is it too much of a bother for you to remember dates for bill payments? Do you often end up paying late fees against your monthly utility services bills? Do you end up spending too much if you have the option to pay the bill later? Think over for if one of these represents you, we have a solution for you. Start thinking prepaid is our advise!
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So what exactly is this prepaid! It is simply a way of going cellular by paying for the talk time in advance. For e.g. if you feel that you need Rs. 300 worth of talktime for a month, you can buy a recharge coupon which gives you that much talktime on your cellphone. Once that money gets exhausted you can buy another recharge coupon for the same or different denomination depending on your future need. Prepaid allows you to be in control of your cellular expenses even while you are spending. You will be surprised that today In India, Prepaid connections account for almost 60 to 70 percent of the total new entrants into cellular telephony. Thats because almost every one of us wants to be in control of our cellular expense.
Advantages of prepaid:
Some of the many advantages that you enjoy with Airtel Pre-Paid...
No Rentals
Buy an Airtel prepaid card without having to pay any rentals!
No deposits
Your Airtel prepaid card comes without you having to pay heafty deposits!
Instant Recharge
Avail of instant recharge on your Airtel prepaid card with just a few simple steps!
scores, order flowers as well as send couriers or check your daily horoscope!
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New India Home 299 ONE TIME CHARGES (Rs.) Activation Charges 250 Membership Fee 250 ,converts into security deposit after 24 mnths Security Deposit 0 MONTHLY CHARGES (FIXED) (Rs.) Bill Plan Charge Rs.299 MONTHLY CHARGES (OPTIONAL) (Rs.) CLIP 0 Airtel Other GSM /Landline / CDMA (10WLL Digit) LOCAL RATES (Rs. / Min) 1Per 2 Minute 1 1 STD RATES (Rs. / Min) 1Per 1 Minute 1Per 1 Minute 1Per 1 Minute ISD (Rs. / Min) USA, Canada, Europe (Fixed 6.4 Line), Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Zealand. Gulf, Europe (Mobile), SAARC9.2 countries, Africa & Rest of the world Cuba, Sao Tome & Principe, 40Rs Guinea Bissau, Diego Garcia, Nauru, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Cook Islands, Tuvalu, Tokelau, Norfolk Island, Sakhalin SMS (Rs.) Local 1 CDMA 1 National 1 International 5 VAS 3 Airtel 175 Plan ONE TIME CHARGES (Rs.) Activation Charges Rs.250 Membership Fee Rs.250(converts to security deposit post 24 mnths) Security Deposit NA MONTHLY CHARGES (FIXED) (Rs.) Bill Plan Charge 175 MONTHLY CHARGES (OPTIONAL) (Rs.) 37
CLIP
0 Airtel
LOCAL RATES (Rs. / Min) 0.75 STD RATES (Rs. / Min) 1.5 ISD (Rs. / Min) USA, Canada, Europe (Fixed 6.4 Line), Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Zealand. Gulf, Europe (Mobile), SAARC9.2 countries, Africa & Rest of the world Cuba, Sao Tome & Principe, 40 Guinea Bissau, Diego Garcia, Nauru, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Cook Islands, Tuvalu, Tokelau, Norfolk Island, Sakhalin SMS (Rs.) Local 1 CDMA 1 National 1.5 International 5 VAS 3
Other GSM /Landline CDMA (10WLL Digit) 0.75 0.75 1.5 1.5
To get more information on our roaming coverage, click on the respective links: National Roaming Our national roaming coverage currently spans across more than a 1000 cities across India. To subscribe to National Roaming, you have to pay the following:
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Distance(K Location Service category Outgoing Within the roamed 1.99 m) Charges(Rs.)
Circle M 2 M / PSTN / WLL Any Outside the roamed Circle (STD) M2M M 2 PSTN/WLL ISD Incoming Any source SMS Mobile Originated Mobile Terminated Gulf Rest of the World 0 200 > 200 0 200 200 - 500 > 500
Customer Care
Do you need any clarifications on your bills? Do you have any feedback or query on our Products & services? You can call us, send us an E-mail or meet us in person. We shall be glad to help you out in every possible way.
Contact us by phone
If you are on Airtel, just call us on 121 your Airtel Prepaid phone. If you are on Airtel postpaid, just call us on 121 from your Airtel Postpaid phone These toll free numbers however, cannot be dialed when you are roaming. 39
For using the service, the customer simply needs to dial 646 from his mobile and follow the voice prompts. This will lead him to the options Hindi and English songs. There are 10 songs under each option and the customer can either go on to listen to the song clippings of 90 seconds each or move on to the next or previous song. While listening to the song, the subscriber may choose to dedicate the song to some other Airtel Subscriber after recording a 10 second long personalized voice message. The music message will then be received by the person to whom it has been dedicated as a Voice Message with the CLI of the sender. Once delivered, the message begins with the senders voice message followed by a 30 second clip of the song that has been dedicated. The charge for the service is just Rs 7/minute for a 60 second pulse. Announcing the launch of the service, Mr. N.F.Aibara, COO, AirtelMaharashtra said The mobile phone today is no longer just a communication device. Rather it is a driver of self-identity and creative pursuits especially for the youth segment which constitutes about 70 % of the new customers that we enrol every month. We have always sought to provide our customers with new and exciting services that have been made possible through innovation and use of latest technology. The launch of this new service is another step in the same direction as it enables customers to add a 40
musical edge to their messages-nothing can be more powerful than a message in ones own voice along with a song to suit the situation. I am sure this service will be liked by all our customers and more specially the youth
In keeping with this, the company has been providing excellent service to its subscribers in various states. It controls a portfolio of India's most attractive and contiguous telecom geographies, including the states of Maharashtra (excluding Mumbai), Goa, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh and Delhi (inclusive of NCR). With a footprint dominating the map of India, Airtel Cellular accesses over 45% of India's
total telephony potential. With the objective of critical mass achieved, Airtel Cellular turned to drilling deep.
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Research problem:
To study consumer trends, behaviour, preferences and level of satisfaction in Airtel communication Ltd. The study was conducted in Delhi with sample size of 50 and sample units were suppliers and Consumer of mobile connection
Research Objectives:
To study the consumer trends in telecommunication sector.
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To study consumer decision-making & preferences. To study marketing strategies adopted by Airtel. To study the level of customer satisfaction in Airtel. To study the market potential. To study customer purchase decision behaviour. To understand the needs of different consumer segments. Comparative study of different mobile companies.
Research Design
The following methodology was adopted for the study purpose:
Type of research:
Descriptive and qualitative research design were used while conducting the project. Sampling Design was taken by the researcher as the Research design. The major purpose of the study is to describe the state of affairs as it exists at present. The study was based on the facts or information already available, & analysis of this available information make a critical evaluation of the material.
Research Method/Technique:
In the project report the researcher used following techniques while conducting his study: Analysis of documents Survey Method: A market survey was done on life insurance companies. Interview (Personal): Both open and closed ended (unstructured) questions were asked while taking some information from the users of the cellular at ALLAHABAD. 45
Questionnaire (Structured): A structured designed comprehensive questionnaire was framed and pretested for data collection from the customer of mobile
Research Data
Data is the key activity of marketing research. The design of the data collecting method is backbone of research design. Data constitute the foundation of statistical analysis and interpretation. Hence the first step in statistical work is to obtain data. Data can be obtained from two important sources, namely: Primary Data Secondary Data
Primary Data:
Primary data are gathered for the specific purpose or for a specific research project, consist of original information for the fulfilment of project objective. When the data are required for the particular study can be found neither in the internal record of the enterprises nor in published sources. In some cases it may become necessary to collect original data. Primary data can be collected in four ways: Observation Survey
Secondary Data:
Secondary data are the data, which already exists somewhere. Secondary data provide starting point for research and after that the advantage of low cost and ready availability. Secondary data can be divided into two types: 46
Internal data External data When researcher uses the data that has already been collected by other
data are called secondary data. Secondary data can be obtained from journals i.e. internal sources report, government publication and books, professional bodies etc. Internal data are reports and memos generated within an organisation to facilitate its operations and annual report. External data are those specially produce for outside consumption.
Sources from which the researcher has taken the secondary data are as under:
Direct observation Airtel website Books for marketing management Surveys and customer data & report Airtels customers care office Airtels Brouchers
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Source list (Sampling Frame) SUPPLIERS: 10 CUSTOMERS: 40 Sample size: 50 Sampling Procedure: Probability Sampling (Simple Random Sampling)
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Yes No. The data shows that the total sample size of 50 people taken for research out of which 86% of persons keep mobile with them. Sample size - 50
Respondent 43 7
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The data shows that the total sample size of 50 people taken for research out of which 50% of persons like to use land line phone and 30% person like to use mobile and rest 20% person like to use WLL. Sample size - 50
Respondent 25 15 10
50
(3) Which age group you belong to? 15-20 20-25 25-35 35- above The analysis shows that 14% people from 15- 20 age group, 8% persons from 20-25 age group, 36% persons from 25-35 age group, and 42% of people from 35-above age group keep mobile with them. Sample size - 50
Respondent 7 4 18 21
(4) What occupation do you have? Business Professional Government Employee Student
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16
10
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The data shows that 50 persons are from, 23 persons are professionals, 16 persons are Private and 5 persons are found retirement 6 person are government employee to consume mobiles. Occupation 51 Sample size - 50 Respondent
23 16 5 6
(5) Which connection would you prefer? MTNL Airtel Vodaphone Aircel Reliance When the preferences for mobile phone connections were asked, results drawn that 40% of persons prefer to take BSNL because they believe in BSNLs better coverage & cheaper rates after BSNL, 20% of people opt Reliance services because of its cheaper rate and flexible schemes, then Airtel is only 25% but there is very high recommendation for its better connectivity. Airtel is rich in attractive schemes and plans for business persons and persons related to corporate world.
Sample size: 50 Phone Connections Airtel Aircel MTNL OTHERS Respondent 20 8 12 10
(6) You would like to take prepaid connection or Post paid connection?
a. Prepaid b. Post paid
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The project study shows that almost people from the selected segment give priority to Post Paid connection, because of the flexibility and attractive plans for this market segment.
Sample size: 50 Respondent 40 10
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Airtel Competitor's market % market% Careters meeting Pt. Final Touch Naaz photo comm. Tone & melodies Milan comm. Aalamcomm. Vijay electronics Aman comm. Rose comm. TOTAL 40% 67% 36% 45% 38% 45% 38% 42% 43% 45% 60% 33% 64% 55% 63% 55% 62% 58% 57% 55%
Airtel market% 45% 45% 42% 43% 43% 57% 38% 40% 29% 43%
Competitor's Airtel Lapu Market% % 55% 55% 58% 57% 57% 43% 63% 60% 71% 57% 41% 45% 43% 40% 38% 29% 38% 38% 29% 37%
Competitor's Lapu % 59% 55% 57% 60% 63% 71% 62% 62% 71% 63%
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Outlet name A 2 Z communication B.K.Marketing Santacruz mart Mobile villa Vakola Mall Matrix telecom Gupta Telecom Moon contacts Mobile city Konkan electronics TOTAL
Airtel market Competitor's % market% 43% 64% 61% 68% 80% 37% 58% 74% 44% 58% 61% 57% 36% 39% 32% 20% 63% 42% 26% 56% 42% 39%
Airtel market% 40% 50% 9% 27% 40% 50% 38% 42% 33% 38% 24%
Competitor's market% 60% 50% 91% 73% 60% 50% 62% 58% 67% 62% 76%
Airtel Competitor's Lapu % Lapu % 33% 40% 41% 44% 44% 30% 45% 53% 45% 43% 43% 67% 60% 59% 56% 56% 70% 55% 47% 55% 57% 57%
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Airtel Competitor's Airtel market % market% market% Gala & sons Bharat telecom Praveen & sons Zarina general store Ravi communication Sai communication Quality inn Nirmals shop Andheri Shop Total 75.00% 75.00% 70.97% 64.52% 72.73% 75.00% 62.50% 76.47% 66.67% 72.27% 25% 25% 29% 35% 27% 25% 38% 24% 33% 28% 53% 45% 56% 57% 55% 45% 52% 48% 50% 49%
Competitor's market% 47% 55% 44% 43% 45% 55% 48% 52% 50% 51%
Airtel Competitor's Lapu % Lapu % 60% 45% 56% 48% 48% 44% 56% 60% 43% 54% 40% 55% 44% 52% 52% 56% 44% 40% 57% 46%
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Airtel market % Nair Gallery Poonam Art Gallery Aman comm. Khar Internationals Saif business Unique telecomm. Antique Communications Harmain Entp.. Orpat watches Sindhi Mobiles TOTAL 55% 50% 63% 44% 26% 43% 54% 56% 56% 45% 50%
Competitor's market% 45% 50% 38% 56% 74% 57% 46% 44% 44% 55% 50%
Airtel market% 45% 44% 42% 33% 47% 36% 54% 42% 56% 40% 43%
Competitor's market% 55% 56% 58% 67% 53% 64% 46% 58% 44% 60% 57%
Airtel Competitor's Lapu % Lapu % 33% 43% 42% 31% 40% 67% 43% 43% 29% 38% 40% 67% 57% 58% 69% 60% 33% 57% 57% 71% 62% 60%
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Airtel market % Magic gallery Photo world Baba Telecom Gift Point Gift 4 U Arco electronics Marlboro telecom Star comm. Malik comm. Highway international TOTAL 46% 40% 42% 48% 36% 43% 38% 43% 43% 44% 43%
competitor's market% 54% 60% 58% 52% 64% 57% 63% 57% 57% 56% 57%
Airtel market% 40% 40% 63% 5% 45% 35% 38% 30% 37% 29% 38%
competitor's market% 60% 60% 37% 95% 55% 65% 62% 70% 63% 71% 62%
Airtel Lapu % 31% 35% 36% 37% 29% 36% 36% 36% 39% 38% 35%
competitor's Lapu % 69% 65% 64% 63% 71% 64% 64% 64% 61% 62% 65%
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Amar Golden enterprises tel. Airtel prepaid connection stock Competitor's stock Airtel coupon value Competitor's coupon value Airtel Lapu value Competitor's Lapu value 67% 33% 42% 58% 45% 55% 58% 42% 40% 60% 40% 60%
New Star Kumail comm. comm. 56% 44% 60% 40% 42% 58% 50% 50% 40% 60% 40% 60%
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Ginny Telecom Sodhi Selection Krishna Enterprises Balajee Medical Store Pastry Palace Sutech Photostat Mobile Gallery E-Zone Vikas Teleco Skyline Communication Kohli Associates Amit Cellnet Sunrise Communication Gurunanak Telecom Lambawatch Service Shri Balajee Communication Bharija Telecom Chabra Sons Gupta Telecom Goodluck Telecom Arora Telecom Baboo Music House Rincle Electronics Honest Telecom Prince Communication Jyoti Telecom Hari Telecom Bansal Communication Verma Communication Sunny Sound Diksha Network Gogia Telecom Urvashi
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Transforming Value 3000/a day 3000/a day 3000/a day 1000/a day 500/a day 1000/a day 2000/a day 4000/a day 1000/a day 1000/a day 5000/a day Don't Sell Lapu Don't Sell Lapu 3000/a day 5000/a day 500 / a day 1000/a day 1500 / a day 3000/a day 3000/a day 5000/a day 4000/a day 5000/a day 3000/a day 2000/a week 5000/a week 3000/a day 3000/a day 5000/a week 2000/a day Don't Sell Lapu 7000/a month 3000/a day
Doing (New Sim) 570 10 / a month 7 / a month 2 / a day Don't Sell Sim Don't Sell Sim Don't Sell Sim 12 / a month 10 / a month 5 / a month 5/ a month 12 / a month Don't Sell Sim Don't Sell Sim 15 / a month 4 / a day 15 / a month 4/ a month 10 / a month 3/a day 5/a day 2/a day 1/a day 2/a day 1/a day 2/a day 2/a day 1/a day 2/a day 1/a day 1/a day Don't Sell Sim 3/a month 2 /a day
Sharma Telecom
5000/a day
1/a day
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Your's Shop Gaba Communication Gosain Electronics Sant Bakers Unique Communication Sukh Communication Arora Communication Balajee Communication Dase Enterprises Gift Corner Deepak Communication Kalptaru Communication JMD Communication Hello Point Grover Communication Electronics Ways Com-Com Melhotra Telecom Grover Car Puneet Communication Digital Age Bhawna Communication Anand Communication Vicky Communication B.S. Telecom Raju Telecom Noble Communication Sun Communication Tele Voice Asian Electronics Fine Computers Kundan Property Air Communication
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Transforming Value 8000 / a week 6000 / a week 20,000 / a week 10,000 / a week 3000 / a week 3000 / a week 3000 / a day 15000 / a week 7000 / a week 20000 / a week 2000 / a week 3000 / a week 3000 / a day 5000 / a week 5000 / a week 20,000 / a week 15,000 / a week 35,000 / a week Don't Sell Lapu 4000 / a week 3000 / a day 3000 / a week 3000 / a week 2000 / a day 3000 / a day 6000 / a week 9000 / a week 5000 / a week 3000 / a week 5000 / a week 5000 / a week Don't Sell Lapu 5000 / a week
Doing (New Sim) 571 2 / a week 1 / a week 4 / a week 2 / a week 1 / a week 1 / a week 2 / a week 10 / a week 3 / a week 5 / a week Don't Sell Sim 4 / a week 3 / a week 2 / a week 1 / a week 15 / a week 7 / a week 7 / a week Don't Sell Sim Don't Sell Sim 2 / a week 1 / a week 1 / a week 1 / a week 2 / a week 3 / a week 6 / a week 1 / a week 2 / a week 4 / a week 1 / a week Don't Sell Sim 2 / a week
Melody Style Communication Apna Store Jaishree harmilap Monu Studio Crazy Communication Chawla Telecom Bhola Telecom Broadway Music Cellular Hut Feeling Gift Point Jai Ambe Fancy Store Kiran STD Kundan Properties Ambika Telecom Manpreet Communication Naveen Corner Neha Enterprises Royal Amar Watch
7000 / a week 5000 / a week Don't Sell Lapu 2000 / a week 5000 / a week 2000 / a week 3000 / a week Don't Sell Lapu 5000 / a month Don't Sell Lapu Don't Sell Lapu Don't Sell Lapu Don't Sell Lapu Don't Sell Lapu 2000 / a week Don't Sell Lapu Don't Sell Lapu 2000 / a week 2000 / a week
2 / a week 2 / a month Don't Sell Sim 2 / a month 1 / a week 2 / a day 1 / a month Don't Sell Sim 1 / a month 4 / a month Don't Sell Sim Don't Sell Sim Don't Sell Sim Don't Sell Sim 1 / Month Don't Sell Sim Don't Sell Sim 1 / a month 1 / a month
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Airtel FSO
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FSO - Full Service Outlet Basically for providing customer services in terms of their queries to build good relation with customers to reach a point of customer satisfaction. Building good customer relation does not only help in expanding sales but also helps in knowing the customer better and knowing the customer further leads to acknowledgement of tastes & preferences of the customer.
One of the various ways to reach the customer is through franchisee. It helps the customer to be in touch with a particular business. The franchisee should be at many places to build a strong relation with all segments of customer. It must also have many customer executives so that there are enough people to attend all customers and time can be saved. It leads to instant help to the consumer to be happy and satisfied and the sole purpose of marketing "Customer Satisfaction is achieved.
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All the customer's were treated well, when they enters the franchisee the executives greets them. All the executives there listens the customer query very patiently and try there level best to solve it they send the customer to the floor manager. For eg.: For the new connection - The executives first listening to the customer patiently (his needs and preferences) than tell them postpaid and prepaid connection plans which most suited to the customer and helps them to choose the best for them, on the basis of their budget, for what purpose they are buying, how often he will use it etc.
OBSERVATION:
The executives there were not fully aware of all plans. For eg. the executives was not aware that Rs. 2,000 prepaid Connection in which the customer's get two years incoming validity was still going on, he come to know about it when the customer said that he got a message from Airtel today about this plan. Customer's of new connection were very unhappy that there connection will be activated after a weak. Customer's were not satisfied with the Airtel services. Customer care number doesn't connects easily, it takes a lot of time to connect sometimes a day to speak with executive. Many fraud cases were coming. Most of the people are opting for postpaid connection instead of prepaid connection postpaid and prepaid connection plans which most suited to the customer and helps them to choose the best for them, on the basis of their budget, for what purpose they are buying, how often he will use it etc. Most of the people were opting for Rs. 1399 advance rental plan of 2 years. Many customers were demanding for corporate connection but the executives said that individual connection of corporate is not possible; they should be atleast five connections. People were very happy with add-on scheme of postpaid and also opting for it. The franchisee sells 7 to 9 postpaid and 3 to 5 prepaid connection daily. Many customer's were coming for making adjustment in their bill plan or amount. Many customer's were coming with the problem that the plan they are assigned was not opted by them. 67
Radio-connectivity of their system was getting very slow again and again by which the customer's were getting irritated. The customer's who need prepaid connection were getting less preference in comparison to the customer's who need postpaid connection. The customers were very happy with Airtel scheme in which the customer can make the payment through bank automatically every month by filling ECR form.
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SUGGESTIONS
There should be more customer care numbers and executives so that the problems of the customers can be solved quickly. They should have more space for payment. The executives there should be given training time to time about new schemes and plans. No phone calls should be attended while entertaining the customer.
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RECOMMENDATION
The company should go ahead with aggressive marketing. They should light competition on Awareness level. Pricing strategy.
Thus, the recommendations fir these are as follows: 1. AWARENESS (a) (b) The company should sponsor local programs. The company should arrange briefing sessions at prominent clubs such as LIONS CLUB and ROTARY CLUBS etc. (c) The company should organize awareness quizzes through Newspapers, Magazines & announce suitable rewards accordingly. (d) The company should distribute, l eaflets of AIRTEL Cellular in posh colonies of ALLAHABAD.
2. PRICING STRATEGY
(a) The company should look the strategies of the competitive companies. (b) The company should try its level best to keep the price low as compare to competitors. (c) The schemes should be updated as per the needs and occasions
SUGGESSTIONS
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As the company have captured the western market they should retain the customers
Try to capture the nearest other markets nearby Occasional offers Proper billings to the post paid users Proper response to the customers on the helpline no. Or toll free nos. Roaming deposits should be reduced
FURTHER SUGGESTIONS
MATCH COMPETITORS SCHEMES. COMMUNICATE THE SCHEMES TO Fos. AND RETAILERS DAILY. BETTER NUMBERS IN PRE PAID AS CUSTOMER REQUIRES CHOICE. ENHANCE THE SERVICE IN AREAS WITH WEAK NETWORK. COORDINATION BETWEEN DEPARTMENTS MUST BE IMPROVED.
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LARGE MARKET COVERAGE, EASY AVAILABILITY OF COUPONS. CUSTOMER CARE NUMBER DOES NOT CONNECTS EASILY AND EXECUTIVES THERE WERE ALSO NOT AWARE OF THE SCHEMES
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While working on this project I have to face some difficulties while conducting the survey. People were not interested in giving there actual information about their family income and airtime, as they were extremely scared about the income tax some people have difficult to take them in confidence so that they can give correct information. Some of the limitations are:
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Weakness
Lack Of Co-Ordination Between Deptt. 76
Lack of Choice of Good Pre-paid numbers like XXYY numbers like others providing.
Opportunity
favourable TARRIFS: Newly issued tariffs are suitable for Airtel so they can easily modify their tariff plans according to it and gain customer attraction.
Threats
tough COMPETITION: Airtel has to face a tough competition with existing market leaders like Reliance (Reliance is providing Free Outgoing also) Vodaphone, Idea, Aircel and Docomo.
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BOOKS Marketing Management by Philip Kotler 9th Edition Research Methods for management by Dr. S. Shajahan 2nd Edition Principal & Practice of Management by L.M. Prasad, 4th Edition.
WEBSITES & SEARCH ENGINE www.airtelworld.com www.bhartiteleventures.com www.researchandmarket.com www.info-shop.com www.smartmobs.com www.yahoosearch.com
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SURVEY OF AIRTEL
Dear Sir/Madam, We are thankful to you for patronizing AIRTEL. We hope that you are satisfied with the product and quality of the services offered by the Airtel. As there is always scope for improvement, we would like to get your opinion in these areas. I would, therefore, request you to kindly assist us in our efforts by sparing a little time to give us your valuable feedback and suggestions in the feedback form below. Please do not hesitate to inform us of any observation that you think may be relevant. We assure you that we would try to come up to your expectations.
WHICH PRODUCTS OF AIRTEL THEY WERE SELLING AND WHICH NOT? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ WHY WERE THEY NOT SELLING THAT PARTICULAR PRODUCT. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
WHAT ARE THE DIFFICULTIES FACED DURING SELLING THE PRODUCTS. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
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