COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

Columban College, Inc. Olongapo City 2200

Network Analysis
A Case Study Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirements in Data Communication
Submitted by:

Vincent Hernandez Kim Navalata Kathryn Bismonte

Submitted to:
Mr. Christopher Ramos
Professor

Submitted on:
July 11, 2011

Network Devices and Connection of PC to Port Numbers

Legend: NLB- There is a connected PC in a port but theres no label. Vacant- Empty Port CTS- Connected to other Switch Laboratory 3 (40 Comps.) Laboratory 4 (39 Comps.) Switch Pc Pc Pc Switch Pc Pc Pc Port Station# Station# Station# Port Station# Station# Station# Number TOP MIDDLE BOTTOM Number TOP MIDDLE BOTTOM 1 1 NLB Vacant NLB 11 NLB NLB 2 2 NLB 4 12 Vacant Vacant 26 3 3 16 10 13 29 NLB 4 4 not 17 1 14 28 Vacant sure 5 5 NLB Vacant 15 31 NLB 6 6 26 Vacant 16 26 Vacant 31 7 7 NLB Vacant 17 30 Vacant 8 8 NLB Vacant Vacant 18 32 22 9 9 19 Vacant Vacant 19 34 Vacant 10 10 NLB Vacant Vacant 20 Vacant Vacant 11 11 NLB Vacant Vacant NLB 33 Vacant 12 12 NLB Vacant NLB NLB 38 23 13 13 NLB 32 Vacant NLB 35 24 14 14 NLB Vacant Vacant NLB 37 Vacant 15 15 NLB 33 18 9 CTS 25 16 16 NLB Vacant 10 36 NLB not 17 17 NLB 4 sure 18 18 Vacant NLB 19 19 NLB 3 20 20 NLB 7 39 21 21 NLB NLB 22 22 NLB Vacant 6 23 23 NLB 40 1 24 24 NLB CTS 5 Switch Brand Name
Edimax ES-3124RL 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet D-Link DES 1024D 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Edimax Fast Ethernet

Switch Brand Name

D-link DES1024D 10/100 Fast Ethernet

D-Link DES-1016D 10/100 Fast Ethernet

D-Link DES-1016D 10/100 Fast Ethernet

Laboratory 5 (40 Comps.) Laboratory 6 (38 Comps.) Switch Pc Pc Pc Switch Pc Pc Pc Port Station# Station# Station# Port Station# Station# Station# Number TOP MIDDLE BOTTOM Number TOP MIDDLE BOTTOM 1 1 NBL 35 21 1 37 16 2 2 4 34 Vacant 2 27 17 3 3 5 32 Vacant 3 36 18 4 4 3 37 Vacant 4 34 19 5 5 1 33 25 5 32 20 6 6 2 Vacant Vacant 6 35 21 7 7 8 36 Vacant 7 29 22 8 8 6 CTS Vacant 8 33 25 9 9 Vacant 40 Vacant 9 38 24 10 10 10 38 Vacant 10 28 Vacant 11 11 12 Vacant 22 11 31 Vacant 12 12 11 39 23 12 26 Vacant 13 13 13 Vacant 24 NBL 30 NBL 14 14 14 Vacant Vacant NBL 25 Vacant 15 15 15 Vacant CTS NBL CTS CTS 16 16 16 Vacant Vacant 25 NBL Vacant 17 17 NBL Vacant Vacant 18 18 19 Vacant Vacant 19 19 18 30 Vacant 20 20 20 26 Vacant 21 21 9 29 Vacant 22 22 17 31 Vacant 23 23 7 27 Vacant 24 24 NBL 28 Vacant Switch Brand Name
Edimax ES-3124RL 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet D-link DES1024D 10/100 Fast Ethernet Edimax Fast Ethernet

Switch Brand Name

Edimax ES-3124RL 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet

D-Link DES1016D 10/100 Fast Ethernet

D-Link DES-1016D 10/100 Fast Ethernet

Laboratory 1 is for Server Room. It has four computers connected to the Cisco gigabit Ethernet switch. There is one proxy server here. Faculty Room has a Wireless Router that limited only to 10 users. This is only For the CCS Faculty Members. Office of the Dean has D-Link DES-1008D 10/100 Fast Ethernet switch.

Devices Description
D-Link DES-1024D With Plug-&-Play functionality, the D-Link DES-1024D Unmanaged switch expands your network and automatically detects your network speeds and adjusts for peak performance. The 24-port D-Link DES-1024D unmanaged switch is the latest addition to D-Links popular line of Express EtherNetwork products. Like other products in the line, the DES-1024D combines ease of use with unsurpassed performance resulting in an exceptional value for any cost-conscious network administrator who wants the best possible solution at the best possible price. The DES-1024D is truly Plug-&-Play with features like: Auto Speed Sensing allowing it to automatically sense whether a network device is running at 10Mbps or 100Mbps then automatically adjusting itself for optimal performance; Auto-Negotiation (Full or Half Duplex) negotiating and running the highest supported transmission rate whether at Half- or Full-Duplex; and Auto MDI/MDIX Crossoveroffering auto-negotiating MDI/MDIX detection on every port to eliminate the need for crossover cables or uplink ports. The DES-1024D features non-blocking wire-speed architecture with a 4.8Gbps switching capacity, for maximum data throughput. It also features an integrated universal power supply, and per port diagnostics LEDs that make it easy to spot check for problems. With wire-speed filtering and Store-and-Forward switching, the DES1024D also maximizes network performance while minimizing the propagation of bad network packets. D-Link DES-1016D D-Link DES-1016D 16 Port 10/100 Ethernet Fast Switches are designed to enhance workgroup performance whilst providing a high level of flexibility. Powerful yet easy to use, this switch allows users to simply plug any port to either a 10Mbps or 100Mbps network to multiply bandwidths, boost response time and satisfy heavy load demands. The switch provides 16 ports, all supporting the NWay standard. The ports negotiate between 10Base-T and 100Base-TX network speeds, as well as between full and half duplex. D-Link DES-1008D D-Link DES-1008D is an unmanaged 10/100Mbps switch designed to enhance small workgroup performance while providing a high level of flexibility. Powerful yet easy to use, this device allows users to simply plug any port to either a 10Mbps or 100Mbps network to multiply bandwidths, boost response time and satisfy heavy load demands. The switch comes with 8 10/100Mbps ports, allowing a small workgroup to flexibly

connect to Ethernet and Fast Ethernet and integrate. These intelligent ports detect the network speed and auto-negotiate between 10Base-T and 100Base-TX, as well as between Half and Full-Duplex. The flow control function minimizes dropped packets by sending out collision signals when the port's receiving buffer is full. The flow control is available in the half-duplex mode. All ports support auto-negotiation of MDI/MDIX cross over. This eliminates the need for cross over cables or uplink ports. Any port can simply plug to a server, a hub or a switch, using usual straight-through twisted-pair cable. With 8 plug-and-play ports, the switch is a perfect choice for the small workgroup to upgrade performance in a client/server environment. The ports can be connected to servers in full-duplex or to hubs in half-duplex. With low-cost connection per-port, the switch can also be set up for direct connection from the PCs. This relieves data bottleneck by giving each workstation a dedicated bandwidth on the network. Edimax's ES-3124RL Edimax's ES-3124RL 24 port Fast Ethernet Switch brings you a powerful high speed network solution for your business. You can deploy Fast Ethernet switching wherever need, from the backbone down to individual desktops. This Edimax ES-3124RL switch satisfies the need for high-quality products at an affordable price - enabling even the most budget-conscious organizations to trade up to the next level of networking power. Key Features
y y y y y y

Complies with the IEEE802.3 Ethernet, IEEE802.3u Fast Ethernet Provides Store-and-Forward architecture and full wire speed forwarding and filtering rates All of UTP ports support Auto-MDI/MDI-X function All of UTP Ports support full/half duplex modes and auto-negotiation Supports flow control: back pressure for half-duplex mode, IEEE 802.3x for fullduplex mode Extensive front-panel diagnostic LEDs

This Edimax ES-3124RL switch supports 10/100Mbps auto-negotiation on all ports, for seamless migration to 100Mbps connections without time-consuming trips to the wiring closet whenever end stations are upgraded to Fast Ethernet. All ports also automatically sense half or full duplex connections for high speed server or switch-to-switch configurations. The aggregate bandwidth of this switch can reach up to 3Gbps. The switch is most suited to the following applications:

y y y

It can be placed near the core of the network to eliminate bottlenecks and improve the overall network throughput. It can extend the span of a network that has the maximum allowed hubs connected in series. When used as a desktop connectivity device, it provides a high performance for connecting users to your network. EDIMAX ES-3116RL

General Description The device is a powerful, high-performance Fast Ethernet switch, with all 24 / 26 ports capable of 10 or 100Mbps auto-negotiation operation (N-Way) which means the switch could automatically negotiate with the connected partners on the network speed and duplex mode. It is ideal for micro-segmenting large networks into smaller, connected subnets for improved performance, enabling the bandwidth demanding multimedia and imaging applications. Moreover, the 10/100Mbps auto-sensing ability provides an easy way to migrate 10Mbps to 100Mbps network with no pain. Compared to the shared 10Mbps or 100Mbps networks, the switch delivers a dedicated 10/100Mbps connection to every attached client with no bandwidth congestion issue. Store-and-forward switching mode promises the low latency plus eliminates all the network errors, including runt and CRC error packets. To work under full-duplex mode, transmission and reception of the frames can occur simultaneously without causing collisions as well as double the network bandwidth. The switch is plug-n-play without any software to configure and also fully compliant with all kinds of network protocols. Moreover, the rich diagnostic LEDs on the front-panel provide the operating status of individual port and whole system. Key Features - Complies with 10Base-T and 100BASE-TX specifications - RJ-45 ports for 100Base-TX and 10Base-T connectivity - Supports N-Way protocol for speed (10/100Mbps) and duplex mode (Half/Full) autodetection - Supports MDI/MDI-X auto crossover - Supports full and half duplex operation on all ports - Supports back-pressure (half duplex) and flow control (802.3x) - Wire-speed packet filtering and forwarding rate - Store & forward architecture filters fragment & CRC error packets - Supports 8K MAC entries - 160K bytes buffer memory - Supports extensive LED indicators for network diagnostics

- 19-inch standard rack-mountable design - Internal universal switching power supply - FCC Class A, VCCI Class A , CE Cisco SRW2016 16-port Gigabit Switch The Cisco SRW2016 16-port Gigabit Switch is the heart of a digital environment. The switch supports gigabit networking, offering you exemplary performance over 16 separate connections. Because security is a priority, the SRW2016 sends no information to an attached device without authentication, and allows access levels to be customized in multiple ways. The SRW2016 prioritizes dataflow with a variety of traffic-shaping mechanisms. This helps ensure high performance and clarity for heavy-traffic communications like video teleconferencing. The switch's robust management functions are easy to access using a variety of clients, and its internal monitoring software keeps tabs on your network's every operation. Additional features of the Cisco SRW2016 16-port Gigabit Switch includes: Non-blocking switching capacity of up to 32 Gbps Up to 256 active port- and 802.1Q-based VLANs (4096 range) Two shared miniGBIC ports for future-proofed network expansion 16 autosensing 10/100/1000 full duplex, auto MDI/MDI-X ports WebView remote monitoring and configuration via web browser Wireless Router A wireless router is a device that performs the functions of a router but also includes the functions of a wireless access point and a network switch. They are commonly used to allow access to the Internet or a computer network without the need for a cabled connection. It can function in a wired LAN (local area network), a wireless only LAN (WLAN), or a mixed wired/wireless network. Most current wireless routers have the following characteristics: LAN ports which function in the same manner as the ports of a network switch. A WAN port to connect to a wide area network, typically one with Internet access. External destinations are accessed using this port. If it is not used, many functions of the router will be bypassed. Wireless antennae these allow connections from other wireless devices NICs (network interface cards), Wireless repeaters, wireless access points, and wireless bridges, for example, usually using the Wi-Fi standard. Some wireless routers also include a DSL or cable modem in addition to their other components.

Network Design

How to be internet enable?

In the College of Computer Studies, there is four laboratories intended for use to enhance the skills of IT Students and there is one laboratory that serves as Server room. This is connected by what we called Local Area Network (LAN). A Local Area Network (LAN) is a computer network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as home, school, computer laboratory or office building. In order to have internet connection in one laboratory or the computers connected to LAN, it must require having one computer connected to the internet (via modem, using a cable, router, etc), it may be useful to make the connection accessible to the other computers on the network by installing a software program that will serve as a proxy server. A proxy server is a server (a computer system or an application) that acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. However, the more users there are, the lower the bandwidth for each of them will be, since the users will share the bandwidth with each other. For example, if 8 people are connected to an ADSL connection at 512 Kb/s, only 64 kb/s will remain per person, or 6 or 7 KB/s per person. There are a variety of software programs that make it possible to carry out this function, yet Window 98, Windows 2000, Windows XP and higher versions natively offer such a function. We will now assume that the connection is already configured on the PC equipped with Internet access. This computer (PC no.1) will play the role of server (proxy) whereas the other network computers will be clients (PC no. 2, 3 and 4, etc.). We will choose the address 192.168.200.1 for PC no. 1 that has the Internet connection (the others will respectively take the IP addresses 192.168.200.2, 192.168.200.3, 192.168.200.4, etc.).

On the host computer

On the host computer, follow these steps to share the Internet connection: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Log on to the host computer as Administrator or as Owner. Click Start, and then click Control Panel. Click Network and Internet Connections. Click Network Connections. Right-click the connection that you use to connect to the Internet. For example, if you connect to the Internet by using a modem, right-click the connection that you wants under Dial-up. 6. Click Properties. 7. Click the Advanced tab.

8. Under Internet Connection Sharing, select the Allow other network users to connect through this computer's Internet connection check box. 9. If you are sharing a dial-up Internet connection, select the Establish a dial-up connection whenever a computer on my network attempts to access the Internet check box if you want to permit your computer to automatically connect to the Internet. 10. Click OK. You receive the following message: When Internet Connection Sharing is enabled, your LAN adapter will be set to use IP address 192.168.0.1. Your computer may lose connectivity with other computers on your network. If these other computers have static IP addresses, it is a good idea to set them to obtain their IP addresses automatically. Are you sure you want to enable Internet Connection Sharing? 11. Click Yes. The connection to the Internet is shared to other computers on the local area network (LAN). The network adapter that is connected to the LAN is configured with a static IP address of 192.168.200.1 and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0

On the client computer

To connect to the Internet by using the shared connection, you must confirm the LAN adapter IP configuration, and then configure the client computer. To confirm the LAN adapter IP configuration, follow these steps: Log on to the client computer as Administrator or as Owner. Click Start, and then click Control Panel. Click Network and Internet Connections. Click Network Connections. Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties. Click the General tab, click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in the This connection uses the following items list, and then click Properties. 7. In the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box, click Obtain an IP address automatically (if it is not already selected), and then click OK. Note You can also assign a unique static IP address in the range of 192.168.0.2 to 192.168.0.254. For example, you can assign the following static IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway: 8. IP Address 192.168.200.2 9. Subnet mask 255.255.255.0 10. Default gateway 192.168.200.1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

11. In the Local Area Connection Properties dialog box, click OK. 12. Quit Control Panel. To configure the client computer to use the shared Internet connection, follow these steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Click Start, and then click Control Panel. Click Network and Internet Connections. Click Internet Options. In the Internet Properties dialog box, click the Connections tab. Click the Setup button.

6. 7. 8. 9.

The New Connection Wizard starts. On the Welcome to the New Connection Wizard page, click Next. Click Connect to the Internet, and then click Next. Click Set up my connection manually, and then click Next. Click Connect using a broadband connection that is always on, and then click Next. 10. On the Completing the New Connection Wizard page, click Finish. 11. Quit Control Panel.

When you now start Microsoft Internet Explorer, the client computer will try to connect to the Internet by using the host computer's shared Internet connection.

Troubleshooting
When you turn on Internet Connection Sharing on the host computer, the host computer's LAN adapter is automatically assigned the IP address of 192.168.0.1. Therefore, one of the following situations may occur:
y

IP address conflict each computer on the LAN must have a unique IP address. If more than one computer has the same IP address, an IP conflict occurs, and one of the network adapters turns off until the conflict is resolved. To resolve this conflict, configure the client computer to automatically obtain an IP address, or assign it a unique IP address. Loss of network connectivity if your network is configured with a different IP address range than Internet Connection Sharing uses, you will lose network connectivity with the host computer. To resolve this issue, configure the client computers to automatically obtain an IP address, or assign each client computer a unique IP address in the range of 192.168.200.2 to 192.168.200.254.

Analyzing the network connection

The concept of network connection and the specifications of switches in laboratory are good but as we analyzed the Network Connection of College of Computer Studies (CCS) in Columban College (CC) we come up with these problems: y The connections of all computers in switch are not good because there is no proper arrangement of the PC number to port number. We saw that it is so irritating to the eyes. The position of the switch is located beside the station of the student. For me, it is not good because there is what we called vandalism. Maybe one student unplugged the wire in the switch and it may cause to the lost of connection to the server. There are three switches in laboratory 3-6 and as we saw the switch ports there are vacant ports (which mean there is no connected pc). You can see our table in previous pages to find the number of wasted switch ports.

These are the possible solutions in the given problems: y Maybe the network administrator arranges it properly (in order). For example, Pc 1 will connect to Switch Port Number 1 and in the last port number he will reserve it to connect to other switch and for the next switch the PC 20 will connect again to Switch Port Number 1. For me, the switch can locate to the back of the table of the computers to secure the connection and no one can remove any connected pc. Yes there is a lots of wasted switch port. For me it is better to use a two switch with 24 ports rather than use a 3 switch port with 24/16/16 ports or 24/24/16 ports. The UTP cable is much cheaper than a switch. A UTP cable cost only Php 10.00 per meter while switch is cost around Php 3000.00 each.