School of Nautical Studies

NAVIGATION No.6 (Original) (July 06) Q1 (a) For Ships Head 020C C D M V T 020.0C 2.5W 017.5M 1.5E 019.0T

Ships Head Comp 020.0T Ships Head True 019.0C Compass Error 1.0W

Christ. Lt Comp Brg 090.0C Comp Error 1.0W True Bearing 089.0T x 4.0 miles 0800 Position is Lat 55 19.2 N Long 015 04.4 E

(b)

Method 1
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SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

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From Chart Ground Distance to Pilot Station is 46.7miles ETA Pilot Station Fix Steaming Time 11.45 08.00 3h45m

Reqd. Ground Speed = G. Distance = 46.7 = 12.45 kts 12.5 kts Time 3h45m From Chart Water Track 016 T Leeway (W) - 3 C.T Steer 013 T T V M D C 013.0T 1.5E 011.5M 3.2W 014.7C 015C Steaming Speed 10.7 knots

C 000 020

D 5.0W 2.5E 011.5 355.0 017.5

M 355.0M 017.5M

5.0W

2.5W

5.0E ( 16.5 x 2.5) = 3.2W (22.5 )

The Compass Course to Steer is 015C at Steaming Speed of 10.7 knots

SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

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School of Nautical Studies

SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

12/07/2011 APR

School of Nautical Studies

Method 2 To Calculate the drift due to tide ETA Pilot Station Fix Steaming Time 11.45 08.00 3h45m

Drift = Rate x Time = 2 kts x 3h45m = 7.5 miles From Chart Water Track 016 T Leeway (W) - 3 C.T Steer 013 T T V M D C 013.0T 1.5E 011.5M 3.2W 014.7C 015C Water Track Dist 40.2 miles

C 000 020

D 5.0W 2.5E 011.5 355.0 017.5

M 355.0M 017.5M

5.0W

2.5W

5.0E ( 16.5 x 2.5) = 3.2W (22.5 )

Reqd. Steaming Speed = WT. Distance = 40.2 = 10.7 kts Time 3h45m

The Compass Course to Steer is 015C at Steaming Speed of 10.7 knots

SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

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School of Nautical Studies

SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

12/07/2011 APR

School of Nautical Studies

Q2 (a) Draught UKC Total Depth Charted Depth Reqd Ht of Tide 5.6 m +1.0 m 6.6 m - 4.7 m 1.9 m
Sea Level 1.9m CD 4.7m 1.0m

5.6m

Times LW Balboa Difference Muisne 12.44 + 00.17 13.01 HW 18.47 + 00.17 19.04

Heights LW Balboa 0.3m HW 4.5m -0.2m 4.7m - 1.8m 2.9m NEG 2.9m

S. Corrn Std Pt (9487) (-) -0.2m 0.5m Difference + 0.1m 0.5m S. Corrn Sec Pt (9530)(+) NEG Muisne 0.5m

SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

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School of Nautical Studies

Interpolation Heights LW 0.5m a b 1.1m c - 0.2m + 0.4m - 1.9m = - 0.2m + (a x c) (b ) = - 0.2m + (0.6 x 0.6) (1.2 ) = - 0.1m - 0.1m 4.9m c - 1.5m = - 1.9m + (a x c) (b ) = - 0.8m + (0.2 x 0.4) (1.1 ) = - 1.8m a b 3.8m HW 4.7m

HW LW Duration

19.04 13.01 6h03m

From Curve HW 19.04 Interval - 2h50m before HW Earliest Time 16.14 The earliest time the vessel can pass over the bar is 16.14 hrs on 8th March

SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

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School of Nautical Studies

SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

12/07/2011 APR

School of Nautical Studies

Q3 (a) Six publications to consult when planning this passage are: appropriate scale, accurate and up-to-date charts to be used for the intended voyage or passage corrected using relevant permanent or temporary notices to mariners; existing radio navigational warnings; accurate and up-to-date sailing directions; accurate and up-to-date lists of lights; accurate and up-to-date lists of radio aids to navigation; current and tidal atlases; current tide tables; IMO Routing Guide;

(Note to Students 6 of the above list should be selected stating more than 6 will only result in the first 6 of your answers being marked by SQA!) (b) The methods of position monitoring are:

(i)

From Trelleborg to Bornsholmsgat: Transit astern using the lighthouses on departure Visual bearings of: Trelleborg Lighthouse Kullagrund Lighthouse Ystad Lighthouse (if visible) Sandhammaran Lighthouse Radar Ranges of: Trelleborg Lighthouse (Racon) Kullagrund Lighthouse Abbekas Point Revnabben Point Kasehuvud Point

SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

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(ii)

Through Bornsholmsgat: Visual bearings off: Sandhammaran Lighthouse Hammeren Lighthouse Hammerode Lighthouse Simrishhamn Lighthouse Radar Ranges off: Hammerode Point

(iii)

From Bornsholmsgat to the TSS: Visual bearings off: Christianso Lighthouse Simrishhamn Lighthouse Utklippan Lighthouse (if visible) Olands Sodra Grund Lighthouse Olands Sodra Udde Lighthouse Radar Ranges off: Christianso Island Utklippan Lighthouse Hano Island Olands Sodra Grund Lighthouse Olands Sodra Udde Point

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(c)

Rule 10 if the IRPCS states: (d) (i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone when she can safely use the appropriate traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. However, vessels of less than 20 metres in length, sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic zone. (ii) Notwithstanding sub-paragraph (d) (i), a vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when en route to or from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place situated within the inshore traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger. Since neither the vessel nor the passage planned conform to the exceptions to the rule, then the vessel MUST use the appropriate traffic lane unless the vessel has to avoid immediate danger.

(d)

The adoption of a TSS can be found in: IMO Routing Guide Sailing Directions The appropriate BA chart

(Note to Students 2 of the above list should be selected stating more than 2 will only result in the first 2 of your answers being marked by SQA!) (e) To Calculate Luminous Range Met Visibility Nominal Range 5 miles 26 miles

From Luminous Range Diagram The Luminous Range is 15 miles To Calculate Geographical Range Height of Eye Elevation 4.5 metres 41.0 metres

From Geographical Range Table Geographical Range is 16.9 miles The earliest the light would be seen would be at 15 miles

SQA Navigation Past Papers No 06 July 2006 Original

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Q4

Lat A Lat B DLat

33 20.0N -37 45.0N 4 25.0N = 265N 135 20.0E 123 10.0W 101 30.0E = 6090E

MP A MP B DMP

2110.56 -2434.93 324.37

Long A Long B DLong

To Calculate the Course Tan Co = DLong DMP = 6090 327.37 Tan Co = 18.60280 Co = N 86.9 E = 086.9T
DMP

DLong

Co

To Calculate the Distance Dist = = DLat Cos Co

DLat

265 Cos 086.4

Co

Dist

Dist = 4936.9 + 325 = 5260.9miles The Track is 087T The Distance is 5261 miles

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the steaming time if the average speed was 16knots; Time = Distance = 5260.9 Speed 16 = 328 hrs 52 mins = 13 days 16 hours 52 minutes To Calculate the ETA San Francisco if the vessel sails at 1600hrs Standard time on 17th March 2000. ETD Osaka Std Time Std Time Japan ETD Osaka UTC Steaming Time + ETA San Francisco UTC 28th 18h 09h 09h 16h 01h 01h 08h 17h 00m 00m 00m 52m 52m 52m 00m 52m

28th 13d 42nd 31 ETA San Francisco UTC 11th Std Time California ETA San Fran Std Time 10th

The ETA San Francisco Standard Time is 18.00 on 10th November

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School of Nautical Studies

Q5 Since the casualty is still visible, then the Single Turn can be performed which is preferable to the Williamson Turn. This manoeuvre returns the vessel to the casualty much more quickly and creates an excellent lee in which to launch the rescue craft, but relies on the casualty remaining visible. Immediate actions are: Wheel put in Hand steering (Man on the wheel) and hard over to Port ordered (towards the casualty) Release MoB Lifebuoy ensuring the smoke float is activated Lookouts posted Call Master Sound 3 long blasts on the ships whistle and alarm systems Engines to Standby and reduce speed Position (and Time) recorded (MoB activated on ECDIS/GPS) Hoist O Flag Subsequent actions are: Complete single turn to a course of approximately 233T Prepare the rescue craft, Muster and brief the boat crew Slow the vessel to a safe speed to launch the rescue craft Guide Rescue craft towards the casualty using VHF/Flags Rig searchlights at night Have blankets and 1st Aid Kits to hand to receive the casualty Prepare the hospital to receive the casualty Once the rescue craft is away, manoeuvre the vessel to create a lee to recover the rescue craft Send Pan Pan message to vessels in the vicinity if the casualty visible, Mayday message if casualty is lost and assistance is required If casualty is lost commence expanding square/sector search

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