Incisors General incisor characteristics Straight incisor edge MD wider Marginal ridge runs parallel Height of contour cervical

l third Single root CEJ curvature greater at M Line angle an imaginary line formed by the junction of two adjacent surface Maxillary incisors Both are larger than mandibles Central larger Similar root length Mesio-incisal angle : very sharp Disto-incisal angle : more round Maxillary incisors Central Square shape from F view Mesio-incisal angle is sharp, DI is round Prominent cingulum Mandibular incisors Central Most symmetric Most small CEJ curve Cingulum offset to distal Mandibular incisors Smallest, smoothest Lateral is larger Smooth and undeveloped L

Canines (cuspids) General characteristics 1 cusp mesial half = incisor, distal half = premolar mesio-incisal cusp ridge is shorter than the disto-incisal cusp ridge longest teeth in the mouth, extra support by alveolar process favorable crown to root ratio smooth surface = self cleansing crown is bulky labiolingually, root w/ triangular cross section height of contour cervical third for anterior teeth CEJ curvature is greater at mesial Mesial contact point located more incisall than D Maxillary Greatest longevity Mesio-incisal cusp ridge shorter Distal outline is shorter incisocervically And more round wide appearance Mesio & distolabial development depression Mesial & distal marginal ridge Prominent cingulum Mesio-distolingual fossae Asymmetry of mesial & distal crown Shaper cusp prior to wear Mandible Incisocervical crown length is greater Mesio-incisal cusp ridge shorter Mesial & distal margins are parallel gives narrow appearance Labial surface is flatter than max. Lingual surface is undeveloped (smooth) Transition is apparent

Premolars general characteristics marginal ridges run perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth adjacent marginal ridges tend to be the same height and form occlusal embrasures 1 buccal cusp, 1 or more lingual cusps(mandibular second) buccal height of contour cervical third All man. Post: F lingual inclination L HOC middle third Maxillary crown wider BL 1st and 2nd premolars are similar Buccal, lingual cusps equal height 1st premolar is larger 1 prominent lingual cusp mandibles premolars are quite dissimilar Larger buccal cusp Equal buccolingual, mesiodistal dimension 2nd premolar is larger buccal surface is inclined lingually more than 1 lingual cusps, less prominent 2nd premolar symmetric Occlusal table is more rounded No marginal groove and concavity Equal height of cusp Buccal cusp lines w/ lingual cusp

Molars General characteristics Largest, strongest 6 yr, 12 yr molar and wisdom tooth multirooted Maxillary molars Oblique ridge from DB to ML cusp crown wider BL Rhomboidal or heart shape from O Usually 4 cusps Order of size: ML>MB>DB>DL The triangular ridge of DB cusp to distal cusp ridge of ML cusp L cusp vary in size Height of contour B cervical 3rd , L middle 3rd 3 roots: palatal>MB>DB Maxillary 1st cusp of carabelli on ML cusp Largest DL cusp Roots tripod shape Mandibular molars Crown wider MD 2 roots Rectangular shape 4-5 cusps No oblique ridge B lingual incline L cusp in similar size Height of contour B cervical 3rd L middle 3rd

Lateral Most commonly missing Longest root related to crown F surface more convex More round incisor angles Lateral Crown is twisted on the root base The incisal edge curved in distal portion

Proximal contacts never located below than middle third. Cervical (gingival) embrasure Incisor embrasure

maxillary 1st premolar 2 roots Mesial marginal developmental groove Occlusal outline is very angular Buccal cusp is slightly longer Lingual cusp is offset to mesially Mandibles 1st premolar transition form M -canine, D - molar mesiolingual development groove Mesial marginal ridge 45, distal marginal ridge perpendicular to the long axis Buccal cusp is sharp, tiny lingual cusp

2nd none Smaller DL cusp Roots are closer

3rd 3 cusps MB>DB cusp, landmark Heart shape Root closer or fused

2nd premolar 3 cusps: ML cusp > DL cusp Marginal ridges perpendicular to the long axis

mandibles 1st 1st to erupt 5 cusps, D cusp smallest 3 B cusps MB, DB > D M root is wider than D Distal incline of roots

2nd symmetric 4 cusp 2 transverse ridge more surface area is visible from the distal same same

3rd 4-5 cusp fused roots

All posterior teeth, the mesial marginal ridge is more occlusally positioned than is the distal marginal ridge. Except for one tooth the mandibular first premolar?