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ASSIGNMENT - 1 ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR ASSIGNMENT OF MANAGING PEOPLE AND ORGANISATIONS

MBA-Intake May 2011

Supervisor- Roopa Student Name: Shaileshkumar D Savaliya Student Number: ST0009223

London School of Accountancy and Management

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INDEX

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Intoduction Example of case study Applicable Motivation theory in organisation Applicable Herzbergs two-factor theory of Motivation Recommendations Conclusion References

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Introduction The origin of organisation from ancient civilization where the various group of individual, who work together to achieve their goal or misson.such as army and civic administration. In 19th century, rapid economic growth, manufacturing growth with turn emerging market in the word. Turn from individual to family business, and up to the organisation .where the group of people work together systematically doing same task as to achieve organisation goal. Organisations are social arrangements for the controlled performance of collective goals. As per the above definition indicates the group of the peoples perform to achieve organizational goal. So management play very important role in an organization. Without management organization cant perform their goal. When we study the organization management and behaviour we will across many theories from evolution of management to revolution of management. Such as, classical theories based on to perform and manage task , human relation theories based on relation and maintenance function of individuals, system theories, and contingency theories based on the best way to manage and that to be effective planning organizing etc.

Example Organizational behavior at Twilight Burger and Pizza fast food restaurant. Organization behavior is a term of the study of human relation and individual group of an organization. The Twilight Burgers and Pizza fast-food is a medium-sized restaurants situated at Wimbledon in London. Now a days Twilight Burgers and Pizza passing through to many problems arises in organization. they have begun to struggle. They faced problems like high turn over of staff, poor management, Inadequate procedures and processes, Poor staff training and development, Non effective policies, Small bonus for night managers, Lack of managerial presence, Lack of motivation to staff, Lack of communication between staff and manager, out dated furniture and equipment, No contract agreement between staff and organization. The restaurants open until 3am each night for these potential needs of the customers. There are no supervisor duties during the night period. So night manager has to take responsibility to take supervision during the absence of the supervisor. Although night manager receive small part of bonus for extra pay for their extra responsibility. However night manager dont receive any formal training for this role. And also, Twilight restaurant have had little difficulty to filling vacancies because the number of collages and universities in this local area of a branch and alternative employment opportunities are relatively scarce. As per above organizational problems we can apply various theory of motivation as per below.

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Theory of Motivation In the organization work doing by individual or group of the people. So it is important to know nature, behaviour of employee toward organization. Manager should motivate the employee to perform best way to achieve organizational goal. There are many theories that define the nature of motivation. These theories may particularly true and help to explain behavior of certain people at certain time. The different theories provide a different framework within to positive connection to the problem of how to motivate employee to work willingly and effectively with organizational goal. There are main two type of motivation theory applicable in an organization.  Content theories of Motivation This theory is based on the individual need, to concern with identifying individual needs and their strengths and the goals and it achieve in relative order to satisfy these needs. The concept of this theories is developed by Maslows hierarchy of need model, Alderfers need hierarchy model, Herzbergs two-factor theory, McClellands achievement motivation theory.  Process theory of motivation The process theory is based on the attempt to identify the relationship among the dynamic variables that make up motivation to employee in organization. These theories give more importance to how behavior is initiated, directed and sustained. The developed concept of this theories by Expectancy-based model-by Vroom, and Potter and Lawler, Equity theory- by Adams, Goal theory by Locke, and Attribution theory Heider and Kelley

Applicable Herzbergs two-factor theory of Motivation to an organization: As per the case of Twilight Burger and Pizza fast food restaurant the indicates problems related to similar with the Herzbergs two factor theory of motivation. Herzbergs original study and interviews with 203 professional peoples who are the accountants and engineers. Herzbergs study from different industries in the Pittsburgh area of America. He asked to relate times when they exceptionally bad or good about their previous job and present job. He used the critical incident technique. They were asked to give description and particular reason behind the feeling. The response to the 203 individuals were came from main two different way of related to motivation and work. It is called a Hygiene factor and Motivating factor. As per the given case study the Twilight burger and Pizza fast food restaurant facing the the two different type of problems as applicable to Herzbergs two factor theory of motivation.

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1.Hygiene factor: The Hygiene factors are mostly related to job or work environments. it is also know as a maintenance factors. Salary: As we can see in the Twilight Burger and Pizzas case there is small bonus for night manager who take responsibility for supervision at absence of supervisor. Working condition: There are outdated furniture and equipment, it is create bad image for an organization as well as affect bad working condition in organization where are employee doing work. Job security: In the this organization there are no contract agreement between the staff and management. So employee has not any security with their job. Company policy: The head office issued 95 pages of operation form how to make Burger to Standard of qulity of the product but despite the issued these kind of rules and regulation by organization. Level and quality of supervision and communication skill: The night manager doing supervision during the absence of Supervisor but the manager dont receive any formal training to doing extra level of supervision .And there are lack of communication between the staff and management of an organization. 2.Motivator factors: Sense of achievement: As per the problems of organization there are no achievements for staff and organization can not try to giving promotion to staff for their achievement of work. So there is lack of promotion. Recognition: The Herzberg two-factor theory say that when employee achieve something for an organization, the responsibility to give something reward for their achievements.Twilight Burger has try to giving such schemes like employee of the months, week etc

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Responsibility: As per this theory the human can best way to perform task when he has personal responsibility to doing that work. So due to lack of the personal responsibility organization cant achieve their goal. Personal growth and advancement: The Twilight Burger and Pizza dont give any formal training to staff for perform their task. So there are staffs doing their work as improper. So customers are not satisfied that type of facility. So manager has try to giving training to staff as per specific method.

Recommendations: Change shift pattern: The current situation as organization there are only two shift for day and night. So manager should change shift pattern to three managerial staff rotate for the demand of the employees. Training and Qualification: The current market situation is demand for customers to provide best services for the product as per the health and safety rules be make a good images for an restaurants. Giving staff training to aware rules, improvement of performances of work.Manager should try to give training to new staff, night manager who take responsibility to supervision in absence of the supervisor. Change Recruitment procedures: Twillight burger facing problems with high turn over of staff due to recruiting part time employees. So recruitment department should change procedures to recruit full time employees. And also recruiting staff to gives job security with contract agreement between staff and organization. Improve quality of working condition: An importance of job satisfaction and works efficiency is depends on the nature of work environments as well as working condition of an organization. So manager should replace new furniture and equipment to improve work culture of an in organization.

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Conclusion: Its important to note that management thinking over the years has adapted to the changing environment, economies, industries and peoples needs. Since these are still changing we can safely say the process is on-going with improvement of organizational behaviour. Human Resource Management including health and safety and individual needs so Twillight Burger and Pizza restaurant are not exceptional cases in this topics. In conclude we can say in recent years we still applying the Herzberg tow factor theory of motivation because is still valid today.

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References: 1.Herzberg,F.,Mausner,B.and Snyderman,B.B.The Motivation to work, Second Edition, Chapman and Hall 1995. 2. Campbell, D.J.; Craig, T., 2005, Organisations and the business Environment, 2nd Edition. [e-Book] 3. Buchanan and Huczynski. 1991

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