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The Jeep Grand Cherokee is a mid-size SUV produced by the Jeep division of Chrysler. While some other SUV's were manufactured with body on frame construction, the Jeep Grand Cherokee has always used a unibody chassis.[2]
Development
[edit]
The Grand Cherokee's origins date back to 1983 when American Motors (AMC) engineers were
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designing a successor to the smaller Jeep Cherokee (XJ).[3] Three outside (non-AMC) designers Larry Shinoda, Adam Clenet, and Giorgetto Giugiarowere under contract with AMC to create and build a clay model of the Cherokee replacement, then known as the "XJC" project.[4] However, the basic design for the Cherokee's replacement was well under way by AMC's inhouse designers and the 1989 Jeep Concept 1 show car foretold the basic design.[5] The Grand Cherokee was the first Chrysler-badged Jeep product. Development work for the new model continued and Chrysler employees (after the 1987 buyout of AMC) were eager for a late1980s release date; however, CEO Lee Iacocca was pushing for redesigned Chrysler minivans, thus delaying the Grand Cherokee's release until late 1992 as an Explorer competitor. Unlike the Explorer, the Grand Cherokee utilized monocoque (unibody) construction, whereas the Explorer was a derivative of the Ranger pickup with a separate body-on-frame. The Grand Cherokee debuted in grand fashion at the January 1992 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Michigan. Then Chrysler president Robert Lutz drove Detroit mayor, Coleman Young, up the steps of Cobo Hall and through a plate glass window to show off the new vehicle. Sales of the 1993 model year Grand Cherokee began in April 1992. [6] Production of the Grand Cherokee started shortly afterward in the purpose-built Jefferson North Assembly in Detroit, Michigan, United States. European Grand Cherokees are manufactured in Austria by Magna Steyr. [7]
ZJ (19931998)
The ZJ models, manufactured from 1992 to 1998, originally came in three trim levels: Base, Laredo, and Limited. The Base model offered core features such as full instruments, cloth interior, a standard five-speed manual transmission, while soon gaining the moniker SE name in 1994. Creature comforts like power windows and locks were not standard equipment on the SE, although conveniences like these were finally included in 1995; a somewhat contrasting pricetag with minimal production numbers resulted with low consumer demand and dropping the now-uncommon bare-bone model forever. Additional standard features of note for that time included a driverside air bag and four-wheel anti-lock braking system (ABS). The Laredo was the mid-scale model (essentially becoming base model after 1996), standard features included added body cladding power windows, power door locks, and cruise control; exterior features displayed a medium grey plastic lower body paneling and five-spoke aluminum wheels. The Limited was the premium model, with the lower body paneling being the same color as the vehicle color. The Limited also boasted standard features such as leather seating, optional power sunroof, mirrors, seats, and remote keyless entry system; heated mirrors, and heated seats, a basic onboard computer; and waffle-like cast aluminum wheels. The Country version was also offered between 1993 and 1997. They were generally painted "Champagne Pearl" or
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[edit]
ZJ
Jeep Grand Wagoneer January 19921998 1993-1998 Detroit, Michigan, United States Graz, Austria Crdoba, Argentina Valencia, Edo Carabobo, Venezuela
Platform Engine
[show] [show]
5.2 L Magnum V8 5.9 L Magnum V8 2.5 L 425 OHV I4 Transmission 4-speed Aisin AW-4 automatic 5-speed Aisin AX-15 manual 4-speed 42RE automatic 4-speed 44RH automatic 4-speed 44RE automatic 4-speed 46RH automatic 4-speed 46RE automatic Wheelbase 105.9 in (2,690 mm)
black. It came with 4WD and a 4.0 straight-6. Package groups that could be added to or were included with the various trim levels included: Convenience, Fog Lamp / Skid Plate, Lighting, Luxury, Power, Security, Trailer/Towing.
199395: 178.7 in (4,539 mm) 199698: 181.2 in (4,602 mm) 1993-95: 69.2 in (1,758 mm) 199698: 69.2 in (1,758 mm) 67.3 (1709 mm)
In 1995 the performance of the V8 engine was Curb weight I6: 3,574 lb (1,621 kg) V8: 3,901 lb (1,769 kg) upgraded to 300 lbft (410 Nm) from 285 previously. 1996 brought cosmetic changes ranging from improved body modeling (grille, bumpers), and integrated foglights; interior features added dual airbags and increased fabric quality for seating. At the same time, the "Grand Cherokee" fender emblems in the American Motors-typeface dating back to 1974 were replaced with the typeface used on other Chrysler vehicles. The AMC 4.0 L straight-6 engine, able to tow 5,000 lb (2,300 kg), was also refined, through minimal loss in power but gained more torque and presented quieter operation. Limited models that year and onward had more luxury items such as driver placement memory, remote radio control from the steering wheel, and variable assist while driving and parking. Between 1996-98, the export Grand Cherokee Laredo (marketed for Japan) had the optional Aspen package (source: The Story of Jeep).
4x4
[edit]
Four-wheel drive systems included Command-Trac, a part-time unit offering temporary 4-wheel assistance; Command-Trac was dropped from lineup in conjunction with the SE trim in 1996. Selec-Trac had the option of either full-time or part-time operation; both shift-on-the-fly Command-Trac and Selec-Trac were already available for the Cherokee, and they were adapted to the Grand Cherokee. Exclusive to the Grand Cherokee was the introduction of Quadra-Trac system with permanent all-time four-wheel assistance. This was optional on all models. Lowrange required using a manual shift lever for all three systems.
Suspension
[edit]
The Quadra-Coil suspension was standard and featured a solid axle multi-link coil spring design. By allowing the locating arms to positively control axle positions the handling attributes were improved. An available "Up Country" package was offered. The suspension package included heavier duty German made gas charged shocks installed upside down, taller coil springs and longer bump stops. Ground clearance was increased by one inch.
Awards
[edit]
The Grand Cherokee V8 was on Car and Driver magazine's Ten Best list and was Motor Trend magazine's Truck of the Year for 1993. It was also Petersen's 4x4 of the Year in 1993, 1996 (with the redesigned NV249 transfer case), 1998 (with the newly available 5.9L V-8), 1999 (with its acclaimed 2nd generation model), 2001 (with the new 5-speed transmission), and 2005 (with its 3rd generation model).
Models
19931995 Base "SE" 19931998 Laredo 19931998 Limited 19951997 Orvis "Limited Edition" 19971998 TSi 1993 Grand Wagoneer 1998 5.9 Limited [edit]
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1993 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited
[edit]
Engines
Years Displacement Engine Power 1996 2.5 L Diesel 1998 425 114 hp OHV I4 (85 kW) Torque Notes 221 ftlbf export (300 Nm)
1993 190 hp 225 lbft 4.0 L (242 CID) AMC I6 1995 (142 kW) (305 Nm) AMC 1996 185 hp 225 lbft 4.0 L (242 CID) Power 1998 (138 kW) (305 Nm) Tech I6 1993 Magnum 225 hp 300 ftlbf 5.2 L (318 CID) 1998 V8 (164 kW) (407 Nm) 1998 5.9 L (360 CID)
Magnum 245 hp 345 ftlbf Limited V8 (183 kW) (468 Nm) [edit]
Throughout its lifetime, there were several different "one-off" and special edition models of the ZJ. The following highlights several of these.
[edit]
[edit]
The Orvis (19951997) [9] was a Grand Cherokee Limited package that featured an exterior color scheme of Moss Green, or in 1997 the (less common) Light Driftwood, with roan red and maize side strip accents (1995). Moss Green paint accents on the road wheels (matching the moss green body color) and the special "Orvis" brand badging were the only significant exterior visual differences. In performance, the 5.2 V8 engine became standard, but was available with a 4.0 inline 6-cylinder engine. Also, all Orvis editions were installed 1996 Grand Cherokee Orvis with tow hooks and the Up-Country suspension group. However, the interior was special. Two-tone green and tan leather seats were complemented with roan red accent piping and Orvis insignia. There was a slight difference between the 1996 and 1997 years' interior compared to each other. The 1996 had a black dash where the 1997 had a tan dash, The Orvis Edition luxury trim package was optional on the Limited version, and when equipped with all the other options was the most expensive of all the Grand Cherokee versions until 1998 when the 5.9 Limited was introduced. Production numbers of the Orvis Editions are: 1995: 10,020 1996: 2,341
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1997: 2,733
TSi (19971998)
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A sporty TSi model (19971999) briefly debuted, exterior features included single color body paneling, with lower indigo blue striping and TSi accent similar to that found on the Eagle Talon model. They could only be ordered in select colors, which included Black, Platinum, and Deep Amethyst. TSi packages came equipped with 5 spoke 16-inch (410 mm) alloy wheels, 225/70R16 tires, sport tuned suspension and steering, fog lights, Luxury group, featuring: "Highland" perforated leather seats, overhead computer, power 1998 Grand Cherokee TSi driver's seat and a premium sound system with steering wheel mounted controls. The 4.0 litre I6 and the 5.2 litre V8 were the only two available engines in this package. The TSi was priced between the Laredo and the Limited; however, it was comparatively unpopular and a limited number were sold.
[edit]
The 5.9 Limited was a Jeep Grand Cherokee produced only for the 1998 model year, having more luxury and performance than that of the regular Limited. Chrysler manufactured nearly a quarter million Grand Cherokees in 1998. Of those, fewer than fifteen thousand were 5.9s. It housed a Magnum 5.9 LV8 engine with an output of 245 hp (183 kW) and 345 lbft (468 Nm) of torque, going from zero to 60 mph (100 km/h)in only 7.3 seconds [10] (Motor Trend measured this at a slightly faster 6.8 seconds [11] ), making it the quickest SUV available that year. The performance of the 1998 5.9 L V8 has been surpassed by Jeep only with the introduction of the 2006 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT8, which housed a 6.1 L Hemi Engine. [12] The 5.9 Jeep Grand Cherokee was named the 1998 four-wheel drive vehicle of the year by Petersen's 4-Wheel & Off-Road Magazine.[13] The 5.9 Limited was available only in Deep Slate, Stone White, and Bright Platinum. Other features separated the 5.9 from the standard Limited model including:[14] Functioning heat-extracting hood louvers Revised grill with mesh grille inserts Five-spoke alloy Ultrastar wheels Black-wall tires An improved premium 180 watt, 10 speaker Infinity stereo system A rear speaker bar for additional Infinity speakers Calf-grain, soft leather seats and trim Leather door inserts Leather shift handle, e-brake and transfer case handle Enhanced faux wood trim throughout, additionally around the transmission shift handle base A full-leather spare tire cover with multiple pockets A center leather armrest in the rear seat A lower-profile roof rack that eliminated squeaking problems found on the base 5.2 L limited Molded rocker panels The Grand Cherokee 5.9 further included additional performance-enhancing features including: A stronger 46RE transmission than the 5.2 Quadratrac heavy duty NV249 transfer case
A Deep Slate 1998 Grand Cherokee 5.9 L (Note hood louvers and mesh grille inserts)
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Standard trac-lock rear differential An electric fan A high-output 150A alternator Lower restriction exhaust and chrome plated exhaust tip[15] Further Statistics from Motor Trend January, 1998
[16]
Model
19931998 Jeep Grand Cherokee "ZJ" 1,428,095[17] 1998 Jeep Grand Cherokee 247,372
1998 Jeep Grand Cherokee 5.9 Limited 14,286 5.9 Limited w/Federal Emissions 5.9 Limited w/CA Emissions 10,051 4,235
WJ (19992004)
The redesigned WJ 1999 Grand Cherokee shared just 127 parts with its predecessor (mostly fasteners). The spare tire was relocated from the side of the cargo compartment to under the floor. The two heavy pushrod V8 engines were replaced by Chrysler's then-new PowerTech. New V8 engine produced less torque than the old pushrods, but was lighter, offered better fuel economy, and provided similar on road performance figures (the 23gallon fuel tank was replaced with one of a 20.5-gallon capacity). The Inline 6 engine was also updated in 1999. A redesign of the intake manifold added 10 horsepower (7.5 kW). While other Jeep vehicles used the Mopar 5 x 4.5 bolt circle, this was the first Jeep following the 1987 Chrysler buyout to receive a wider bolt pattern: 5 x 5. A notable feature available in this generation was the automatic four wheel drive option called Quadra-Drive, which employed the New Venture Gear NV247 transfer case. This twospeed chain-driven transfer case uses a gerotor, a clutch pack coupled to a hydraulic pump, to transfer torque between the front and rear axles. The transfer case contains three modes, 4-All Time, Neutral, and 4-Lo. In 4-All Time, 100% of torque is sent to the rear axle in normal conditions. If the rear axle starts spinning at a higher rate than the front axle, hydraulic pressure builds up in the gerotor and causes the clutch pack to progressively transfer torque to the front axle until both axles return to the same speed. Neutral mode is intended for towing the vehicle. In 4-Lo, the front and rear axles are locked together through a 2.72
WJ
Production Assembly
19992004 Detroit, Michigan, United States Graz, Austria Beijing, China Crdoba, Argentina (until 2001), Valencia, Venezuela
Platform Engine
WJ 4.0 4.7 4.7 3.1 2.7 L L L L L PowerTech I6 PowerTech V8 H.O. PowerTech V8 531 OHV I5 OM647 I5
Transmission 4-speed 42RE automatic 45RFE automatic 5-speed 545RFE automatic Wheelbase Length 105.9 in (2,690 mm) 19992000: 181.5 in (4,610 mm) 2001-03: 181.6 in (4,613 mm) 2004: 181.3 in (4,605 mm) 19992000 & 2004: 72.3 in (1,836 mm) 200103: 72.6 in (1,844 mm) 19992000 & 2004: 69.4 in (1,763 mm) 200103: 70.3 in (1,786 mm) 3,669 lb (1,664 kg)
Width
Height
Curb weight
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reduction gear ratio. The NV247 transfer case is mated to front and rear axles containing Jeep's Vari-Lok differentials. Vari-Lok differentials also use a gerotor to transfer torque between the wheels on either side of the axle. The major advantage of Quadra-Drive was that it could automatically control traction between all four wheels. It had the disadvantage that the differentials were only limited slip and depended on wheel speed difference to apply the slip-limiting clutches; only the center differential could be locked, and then only in 4Lo. The Quadra-Trac II system included the NV247 transfer case with the standard open front and rear differentials. The 45RFE and 545RFE automatic transmission in the WJ was notable. It included three planetary gear sets rather than the two normally used in a four-speed automatic. This gave it six theoretical speeds, and it would have been the first six-speed transmission ever produced in volume, but it was programmed to only use five of these ratios. Four were used for upshifts, with a different second gear for downshifts. Although five of the six ratios were used, Chrysler decided to call it a "4-speed automatic". In 2001, the programming was changed to make use of all six ratios. Rather than have six forward gears, the transmission was programmed to act as a fivespeed with the alternate second gear for downshifts. The RPM at 70 miles per hour (110 km/h) on a 545RFE is 2000 rpm, 200 rpm less than the 45RFE programming. 1999 and 2000 model year WJ owners can have their 45RFE transmission's programming flashed to enable the extra gear as both transmissions are physically the same. The 42RE 4-speed automatic remained the transmission for the Inline 6 engine. It had slight changes from the previous model Grand Cherokee. The interior was also completely redesigned in 1999. The redesign allowed for larger rear doors, and more space for rear passengers. Controls for various items like headlights, heated seats, and rear wiper were moved to more convenient locations. The electronic Vehicle Information center was moved from below the radio to above the windshield, and was standard on all 2000 and up models. Limited models included automatic dual-zone climate control. A 10 CD-Changer was also available with the Infinity Audio package. In addition to Jeep's UniFrame construction, Daimler Chrysler partnered with Porsche to further strengthen the frame.[citation needed] This was done to reduce NVH. UniFrame is an unusual construction scheme, it incorporates all of the strength and durability of a body-on-frame construction into a unitized construction. By adding stiffness and rigidity to the structure, they enhanced the ride and strengthened the network of steel beams, rails and pillars (or "safety cage") that surround and protect occupants. More than 70 percent of the underbody is highstrength steel. All Jeep Grand Cherokees feature UniFrame construction. The Grand Cherokee received a minor facelift for 2004 including round fog lamps, a lower front fascia and a new body-color matched inset grille design.
Models
The Laredo and luxurious Limited trim levels were standard models. Specialty models: 20022003 Sport 20022004 Special Edition 20022004 Overland 20032004 Columbia Edition 20032004 Freedom Edition
[edit]
These specialty models appeared for a brief time, The Sport was slightly more equipped than the Laredo and offered a very discrete two-tone black trim interior for style. The Special Edition was introduced, priced between the Laredo and Limited, offering the same quality of the Limited, differences include the option of the 4.7 L V8 engine. The Special Edition uses the Qudra-Trac II drivetrain, which utilizes the same NV247 transfer case as the limited edition, but lacks Quadra-Drive's front and rear Vari-Lok differentials.
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Special Edition came with premium interior details (Instrument cluster graphics were shared with Laredo model, did not acquire white-faced gauges from Limited model), Plush Leather seats, AMFM, In-Dash CD/Cassette along with ten-disc CD changer stowed in a well thought location in within cargo space. Special Edition Trim package from bumper to bumper was presented with a fully polished, non-textured finish. Front grille was standard issue on the Special Edition. The Overland (appropriated after the former Jeep parent, Willys-Overland) was the top-of-the-line alongside the Limited the 4.7 L High Output engine V8 debuted as the standard motor. Alongside a wealth of standard features such as plusher interior trim with "Overland" badging, mid-2003 came a revised strong black two-tone trim interior. Front and side-curtain airbags, an Infinity sound system with 10-disc changer, heated/power front seats, integrated rock rails, power sunroof, wood/leather steering wheel and 17-inch alloy wheels were also standard. The Columbia Edition offered the usual features of the other specialty models besides a strong unique two-tone interior with "Columbia Sportswear" badging, with the 4.7 L H.O. engine and GPS optional. The Freedom Edition was a modified Laredo model. Features include special badging, painted charcoal rock rails, charcoal lower-body cladding and front/rear fascias, charcoal painted wheels, silver interior accents, and optional leather seats.
Chinese production
[edit]
Beijing Jeep Corporation, Ltd. had been producing the XJ classic Cherokee since 1984, and in 2004 they bought the old tooling for the WJ Grand Cherokee when the WK was introduced for the USA as a 2005 model. After some tooling up time, the WJ was introduced in 2006 for the Chinese market as the Jeep 4000 and 4700 Grand Cherokee (for the 4.0 I-6 and 4.7 V8, inc. HO, models respectively). It was their flagship model and nearly identical to the 2004 Grand Cherokee Limited in looks and equipment, including the solid axle suspension, choice of 4wd systems, body color cladding, alloy wheels, Chrysler sound systems, and Chrysler automatic climate controls. This is unlike the XJ Cherokee that was significantly modified by Beijing Jeep for the Chinese market. As of 2010, the current model is sold in China. [18]
Engines
Years Displacement Engine Power Torque Notes
[edit]
1998 Power Tech 4.0 L (242 CID) 2004 I6 1999 PowerTech 4.7 L (287 CID) 2004 V8 High Output 2002 4.7 L (287 CID) PowerTech 2004 V8 1999 3.1 L Diesel 2001 2002 2.7 L Diesel 2004 531 OHV Diesel I5 OM647 Diesel I5
230 lbft 195 hp (310 Nm) @ (145 kW) 3000 rpm 295 lbft 235 hp (400 Nm) @ (175 kW) 3200 rpm 265 hp 330 lbft (198 kW) (450 Nm) 138 hp 283 lbft (103 kW) (384 Nm) 161 hp 295 lbft (120 kW) (400 Nm) Limited, Overland and Freedom Edition only available in Europe and South Africa available in Europe, South Africa and Australia only [edit]
The 3.1 litre turbo-diesel on the 1999 Grand Cherokee was developed in conjunction with Detroit Diesel/VM Motori. It has an electronic injection pump, electronically-controlled, vacuum-actuated exhaust gas recirculation, and a special catalyst to control oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Manufactured in Cento, Italy, at 13,000 units per year. It was available in European models and meets the European stage III emissions.
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Displacement: 3124 cc (191 CID) Power: 104 kW/140 bhp Torque: 367 Nm/271 ftlbf Transmission: Four speed electronically controlled automatic
WK (20052010)
The all-new WK Grand Cherokee debuted in 2004 for the 2005 model year. Features available for the first time in a Jeep included Quadra-Drive II four-wheel drive, rear-seat DVD player and optional 5.7 L Hemi V8. The 3.7 L V6 engine replaced the 4.0 L Straight-6. The design still emphasizes power and luxury, with significant work done on improving noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH). However, for the first time, Jeep also emphasized on-road performance to a similar extent as the cornerstone of its brand, off-road capability. This newfound emphasis on on-road refinement led Jeep to replace the live-axle with leadingarms front suspension (found in the ZJ and WJ) with a new design: an independent doublewishbone setup like that which debuted in the 2002 Liberty. The new Jeep changed its philosophy due to what it perceived as increasing demand in the SUV marketplace for on-road performance and decreasing demand for off-road capability. The 2007 Jeep Grand Cherokee made its European debut at the Euro Camp Jeep held in Ardche, France. The Grand
[edit]
WK
Production Assembly
20052010 Detroit, Michigan, United States Graz, Austria Valencia, Carabobo,Venezuela WK 3.7 L PowerTech V6
Complete engine specs
Platform Engine
4.7 L PowerTech V8
Complete engine specs
5.7 L Hemi V8
Complete engine specs
Transmission 5-speed 545RFE automatic 5-speed W5A580 automatic Wheelbase Length 109.5 in (2,781 mm)[22 ] 186.6 in (4,740 mm) 200507 SRT-8: 195.1 in (4953 mm) body: 73.3 in (1,862 mm) at mirrors:84.3 in (2,141 mm) 200507: 67.7 in (1,720 mm) 20082010: 68.7 in (1,745 mm) 20082010 SRT8: 66.7 in (1,694 mm) 2005 Euro 3.0 CRD (Diesel) 2,210 kg (4,872 lb) Limited 4WD 5.7 L: 4,735 lb (2,148 kg) NOTE: 2WD not available in Europe & UK.
Cherokee received a minor facelift for 2008. The bottom part of the headlights became rounded, and the lower portion of the front bumper became removable to increase the approach angle for off-road use. The 4.7 L was refined, now producing 305 hp (227 kW; 309 PS), and 334 lbft (453 Nm).
Curb weight
The 2009 Jeep Grand Cherokee is available Related Jeep Commander with an improved 5.7 L Hemi engine rated at 357 hp (266 kW; 362 PS) and 389 ftlbf (527 Nm) of torque. The engine uses variable valve timing to increase fuel economy. [23]
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Models
20052010 Laredo (not in Europe) 20052010 CRD Predator (Europe) 20052010 Limited 20062010 Overland 20062010 SRT-8
[edit]
Engines
Years 20052010 20052007 20082009 20052008 20092010 20062010 2005 (2007-2008 in NA) Engine Power Torque 235 lbft (319 Nm) 305 lbft (414 Nm) 334 lbft (453 Nm) 375 lbft (508 Nm) 389 lbft (527 Nm) 425 lbft (576 Nm) 376 lbft (510 Nm) Notes Laredo, Limited Laredo, Limited Laredo, Limited Limited, Overland Laredo, Limited, Overland SRT-8 Laredo, Limited, Overland
[edit]
3.7 L PowerTech 210 hp V6 (157 kW) 4.7 L PowerTech 265 hp V8 (198 kW) 4.7 L power tech 305 hp V8 (227 kW) 5.7 L Hemi V8 5.7 L Hemi V8 6.1 L Hemi V8 3.0 L OM642 V6 330 hp (246 kW) 357 hp (266 kW) 425 hp (317 kW) 215 hp (160 kW)
Notes
[edit]
-The 4.7 L High Output engine that first appeared with the Grand Cherokee Overland WJ was dropped from the current Jeep lineup. It is now used in the Dodge Dakota and Dodge Ram 1500. The 4.7 L was revised in 2008, increasing horsepower and torque to 310 hp (231 kW; 314 PS) and 330 ftlb (447 Nm) of torque. A dedicated High Output version was dropped as a result. -The WK is known as a WH in International (i.e. non-US) markets -The 5.7 L HEMI engine for 2005-2008 has slightly less horsepower than those found in the Dodge Ram or the Dodge Charger (330 vs 345) due to different engine control unit (ECU) programming . -The 5.7 L HEMI engine for 2009 and up was upgraded with Variable Cam Timing (VCT) adding 27 hp (20 kW; 27 PS) and 14 ftlb (19 Nm) of torque. -The 3.0 L diesel ceased production for North America at the end of 2008. The late production models with diesel engines are commonly referred to as 2008.5 models. They can not be stamped as 2009 models due to more restrictive diesel emissions standards.
SRT-8
An SRT-8 (Street and Racing Technology V8) version of the Grand Cherokee debuted at the 2005 New York International Auto Show. Powered by a 420 hp (313 kW) version of the 6.1 L Hemi, it also features upgraded Brembo brakes, large dual performance exhaust with polished tips (exiting out the middle of the rear), Bilstein performance gas charged shocks and modified suspension components, Mercedes-Benz NAG1 (WA580) 5-speed transmission, unique NV146
[edit]
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transfer case, specially designed electronic all-wheeldrive system and interior and exterior updates. A drive shaft from a diesel application, fortified Dana 44 rear differential, and 11.2" (285 mm) wide Goodyear tires in the rear (10" or 255 mm in the front) complement the performance package. The sports tuned suspension allows the Jeep SRT8 to hold 0.92 g on the skid-pad. A road test of the 2006 model by Road & Track magazine yielded a 0 to 60 mph time of 4.6 seconds and a quarter mile dragstrip of 13.2 seconds at 104.1 miles per hour (167.5 km/h). Such numbers made the SRT-8 Grand Cherokee the fastest accelerating vehicle within the SRT8 lineup (which at the time included the Chrysler 300C, Dodge Charger, Dodge Challenger and the now-discontinued Dodge Magnum), and third only to the SRT10 Viper and SRT6 Chrysler Crossfire among all SRT tuned vehicles. There is no electronic speed governor employed, leaving the top speed rev-limited (revving to redline in top gear) to 170 mph (270 km/h). [24] To achieve superior on-road handling, off-road gear has been removed to make the SRT-8 lighter. The SRT-8 uses an NV146 transfer case, which uses an electronic-applied clutch pack to transfer 0-50% of torque to the front axle but has no low-range or manual controls. The front and rear differentials are both open, with no limited-slip capability. Its ride stance is significantly lower and the front fascia spoiler gives the vehicle 7 inches (178 mm) of ground clearance. The Grand Cherokee SRT-8 was the first SRT vehicle to wear the Jeep emblem. A total of 11,775 Jeep SRT8s were produced. See also: Street and Racing Technology
Diesel
In Europe, South America, South Africa and Australia, a V6 CRD engine produced by Mercedes-Benz was available from its introduction in 2005: OM642 3.0 L CRD V6 Turbo Diesel with Variable geometry turbocharger (VGT). It produces 215 horsepower (160 kW; 218 PS) and 376 lbft (510 Nm) of torque at 1,600 to 2,800 rpm at a fuel consumption of 17 mpg -US (14 L/100 km; 20 mpg imp ) city and 22 mpg -US (11 L/100 km; 26 mpg -imp ) highway. NOTE: MPG figures are based on US EPA, European combined consumption is 27.7 mpg -imp (10.2 L/100 km; 23.1 mpg -US ).
[edit]
In North America and elsewhere this 3.0 CRD V6 was available from 2007 in "NA" but was short lived. The Mercedes sourced unit meets stringent EU4 Emission stardards without the need for a diesel particulate filter - which hampers vehicle efficiency, however - it includes a diesel particulate filter (North America only) to apparently further reduce exhaust emissions. It was not however available for sale in California or certain Northeast states, due to new stricter emissions regulations for non-commercial vehicles. Vehicles could be bought used in California and Northeast states, as the regulations only applied to new vehicles. This engine is also used in the following vehicles: UK and Europe: Mercedes B-Class, C-Class, E-Class, S-Class, ML-Class, GLK-Class & G-Wagen. Mercedes Benz **320CDI or **350CDI in some more recent models.
WK2 (2011-present)
The current generation Jeep Grand Cherokee went on sale in summer 2010 as a 2011 model. [25] It was unveiled at the 2009 New York Auto Show. [26] The 4th-generation Grand
[edit]
WK2
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Cherokee retains its classic Jeep styling combined with a modern and sleek body style. The interior is luxurious featuring leather trim and wood accents, plus state-of-the-art electronics options. The 2011 Grand Cherokee has won numerous awards for off-road capability, luxury, value, best-in-class, and safety. The body
2010present 2011present Detroit, Michigan, United States Valencia, Carabobo,Venezuela 3.6 L Pentastar V6 5.7 L Hemi V8 6.4 L Hemi V8 (SRT-8) 3.0 L VM Motori RA 630 DOHC V6 diesel
Transmission 5-speed automatic W5A580 545RFE 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited Wheelbase Length Width Height Related 114.8 in (2,916 mm) 189.8 in (4,821 mm) 84.8 in (2,154 mm) 69.3 in (1,760 mm) Mercedes-Benz Mercedes-Benz Mercedes-Benz Dodge Durango M-Class R-Class GL-Class (2011)
design is all new and has undergone testing for aerodynamic efficiency while improving ruggedness with more than 5,400 welds in the body alone, resulting in a 146% torsional stiffness (over the previous design) for improved durability and reduced
noise, vibration, and harshness.[27] Like the previous generations, the chassis is steel uniframe. Unlike previous models, the new WK2 features 4 wheel independent suspension for better on road handling. Engine choices include the all new 3.6 L Pentastar V6 and 5.7 L Hemi V8. Four wheel drive systems include Quadra-Trac I, Quadra-Trac II, and Quadra-Drive II. Optional Quadra-Lift suspension can raise vehicle's ground clearance up to 11.1 in (282 mm). [28] Lift modes include Park, Aero, Normal Ride Height, Off-Road 1, and Off-Road 2. Also new is the Selec-Terrain which has modes for Auto, Sport, Snow, Sand/Mud, and Rock. The Hemi V8 retains the Multiple Displacement System (MDS) that shuts down four cylinders in low-power driving situations. And the V8 remains coupled with the multi-speed automatic transmission which includes Electronic Range Selection (ERS) to manually limit the high gear operating range. Trailer tow is rated 7,400 lb (3,400 kg) for Hemi models and 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) for Pentastar models. [29] The 3.6 L Pentastar V6 replaces the 3.7 L and 4.7 L PowerTech engines. The 5.7 L Hemi engine was retained as the V8 option, although no Hemi badging will be used on the exterior of the vehicle. Also, the WK program code remains. Some features changes with this generation are the handbrake being replaced by a footbrake, the wiper stalk on the right side of the steering column being moved to the turn signal stalk, which also means the lights move to the dash.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeep_Grand_Cherokee[27/06/2011 22:08:26]
A 3.0 litre turbocharged diesel V6 developed and built by Fiat Powertrain and VM Motori (with Multijet II injection[30] ) rated at 177 kW (241 PS; 237 hp) and 550 Nm (410 lbft) of torque will be offered in export markets by mid-2011. [31] The new 3.0 L CRD turbodiesel engine will also be offered in European markets as 140 kW (190 PS) low power version. [32] For the 2011 model year, the Grand Cherokee is offered in five trim levels: Laredo, Laredo X, Limited, Overland, and Overland Summit. The performance SRT-8 version will return for 2012. [33] Years 2011 2011 2012 20112011Engine Power Torque Notes Laredo, Laredo X, Limited, Overland, Overland Summit Laredo X, Limited, Overland, Overland Summit SRT8 Laredo, Limited Limited, Overland
3.6 L 260 lbft 290 hp (216 kW) Pentastar V6 (353 Nm) 5.7 L Hemi V8 6.4 L Hemi V8 3.0 L CRD V6 3.0 L CRD V6 360 hp (268 kW) 465 hp (347 kW) 390 lbft (529 Nm) 465 lbft (630 Nm)
140 kW (190 PS; 440 Nm 188 hp) (320 lbft) 177 kW (241 PS; 550 Nm 237 hp) (410 lbft)
SRT-8
[edit]
On April 20th, 2011, Jeep announced that the SRT8 version will be debuted at the 2011 New York Auto Show. According to Chrysler, it's the fastest Jeep ever built. It reaches 0-60 miles per hour in 4.8 seconds, with a top speed of 155 miles per hour (249 km/h). Quarter mile times were in mid-13-second range. The new Cherokee SRT-8, starts production on July-16-2011, [34] will be equipped with a 465 hp (347 kW; 471 PS) 6.4 liter Hemi V8 engine. Jeep claims the new SRT8 gets 13-percent better fuel economy than its predecessor. To keep the gas mileage respectable, Jeep has employed a new active exhaust system that lets Chrysler's cylinder-deactivating Fuel Saver Technology operate over a wider RPM band. Chrysler claims that the SUV can now travel up to 500 miles (800 km) on a single tank, while other sources estimate range to be 450 miles (720 km).
Production
[edit]
The company announced a US$1.8 billion, 285,000 square feet (26,477 m2 ) expansion of its Jefferson North Assembly plant to allow flexible manufacture of the next-generation model, as well as other undisclosed products off the same platform that was developed jointly with Mercedes (ML Chassis). [35]
Sales
Calendar Year United States Canada Outside North America Total 1993-1998[36] 1999[37] 2000 2001[38] 2002[39] 2003 2004[40] 2005 ~2,000,000 300,031 271,723 223,612 224,233 207,479 182,313 213,584
[edit]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeep_Grand_Cherokee[27/06/2011 22:08:26]
139,148 120,937 73,678 50,328 84,635 6,254 [44] 14,869[45] 7,255 [44] 71,451 91,890 [edit]
See Also
Jeep Cherokee (SJ), the similarly name 1974-83 predecessor.
References
Inline
1. ^ "Chrysler Group Launches Production of New Jeep(R) Grand Cherokee at Magna Steyr in Austria", PR Newswire , retrieved on 2009-01-18 2. ^ "Jeep Grand Cherokee Review" . Retrieved 10 April 2011. 3. ^ "The development of the Jeep Grand Cherokee design" . Retrieved 1 February 2011. 4. ^ Rothenberg, Al (March 1, 1998). "Design DebateWho's the father of the Jeep Grand Cherokee?" . Ward's AutoWorld. Retrieved 1 February 2011. 5. ^ "Picture of the 1989 Jeep Concept 1 show car" . Retrieved 1 February 2011. 6. ^ Hyde, Charles K. (2003). Riding the Roller Coaster: a history of the Chrysler Corporation . Wayne State University Press. p. 296. ISBN 9780814330913. Retrieved 4 February 2011. 7. ^ National Academy of Engineering. Committee on the Offshoring of Engineering (2008). The offshoring of engineering: facts, unknowns, and potential implications . National Academies Press. p. 73. ISBN 9780309114837. Retrieved 2010-0118. 8. ^ a b c d e f Jeep (2000). "XJ 4.0L sec9 page115" (Print and pdf). Service Manual 2000 Jeep Cherokee. DiamlerChrysler. "bore x stroke = 3.88 x 3.413 in" 9. ^ "1995 1996 1997 Jeep Grand Cherokee Orvis Edition 95 96 97 Jeep Orvis Edition" . jeeporvis.com. Retrieved 2009-05-01. 10. ^ Peterson's 4-wheel & Off-road, February 1998, at 81 11. ^ Motor Trend, January 1998, page 51 12. ^ See edmunds.com/cars/reviews/jgcsrt8 13. ^ Petersen's 4-Wheel & Off-Road Magazine, February 1998, at 81 14. ^ ID. 15. ^ Kolak (2008-07-19). "Are Niner parts used on other Mopar vehicles?" . Jeeps
[edit]
26. ^ Paukert, Chris (2009-04-08). "New York: Muscled-up 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee will take the stairs, thank you" . Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 27. ^ White, Jeremy. "The 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee" . Allpar.com. Retrieved 9 October 2010. 28. ^ "The 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee" . Allpar.com. 2010-05-25. Retrieved 2010-0630. 29. ^ Paukert, Chris (2009-04-08). "New York: 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee must serve two masters" . Autoblog.com. Retrieved 201006-30. 30. ^ "New Jeep Grand Cherokee Now Powered by New 3.0-liter Turbo Diesel Engine" . Jeeppress-europe.com. Retrieved 2011-0511. 31. ^ "All-new Jeep Grand Cherokee Now Powered by New 3.0-liter Turbo Diesel Engine" . chrysler.com. 2011-02-21. 32. ^ "Jeep Grand Cherokee" . jeep.de. Retrieved 2011-06-02. 33. ^ "2012 Model-Year Chrysler, Dodge, and Jeep Cars, Trucks, and Minivans" , retrieved on 20110201. 34. ^ "Jeep Grand Cherokee WK2 - 6.4L SRT8" . Wk2jeeps.com. Retrieved 2011-0602. 35. ^ "Jeep Introduces All-new 2011 Grand Cherokee: Inventor of the SUV Hits the Sweet Spot of Real-world Capability and Onroad Refinement" . Autonewscast.com. 2009-04-08. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 36. ^ "2009 New York Auto Show" . automotiveaddicts.com. 2009-04-08. Retrieved 2011-02-02. 37. ^ "Chrysler Group Announces Year-End and December Sales" . Theautochannel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-01. 38. ^ "Chrysler Group Reports U.S. December Sales" . Theautochannel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-01. 39. ^ "Chrysler Group Reports December 2003
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeep_Grand_Cherokee[27/06/2011 22:08:26]
Jeep Grand Cherokee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Unlimited - Speed Freaks. Retrieved 200807-19. 16. ^ Motortrend, January 1998 17. ^ Unknown (2008-07-18). "WJ sales, production dates & milestones" . WJ Jeeps. Retrieved 2008-07-18. 18. ^ Jeep's China web page , retrieved on November 17, 2007. 19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Jeep - Specs & Upgrades:" . Chrysler LLC. Retrieved 200805-06. 20. ^ a b c d e "Jeep - Specs & Upgrades:" Chrysler LLC. Retrieved 2008-05-13.
abcdef
40.
41.
. 42.
21. ^ "Jeep - Specs & Upgrades:" . Chrysler LLC. Retrieved 2008-05-13. 22. ^ All 2005 specifications from: "2005 Jeep Grand Cherokee Specifications" . jeephorizons.com. 2008. Retrieved 30 December 20210. 23. ^ "2009 Jeep Grand Cherokee Gets Powerful Boost from New HEMI Engine and More Premium Amenities" . jeephorizons.com. Retrieved September 3, 2008. 24. ^ Monticello, Mike. "Chariots with Fire" Road & Track November 2006 , retrieved on January 24, 2008 25. ^ Ulrich, Lawrence (2009-04-08). "2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee" . The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
43.
Sales Increase of 2 Percent" . Theautochannel.com. 2004-11-17. Retrieved 2009-05-01. ^ "Chrysler Group 2005 U.S. Sales Rise 5 Percent, Highest Since 2000; December Sales Decline In Line with Overall Industry" . Prnewswire.com. Retrieved 2009-05-01. ^ "Total Chrysler LLC December 2007 Sales Up 1 Percent on the Strength of Retail; Demand..." . Reuters. 2008-01-03. Retrieved 2009-05-01. ^ "Chrysler LLC Reports December 2008 U.S. Sales" . News.prnewswire.com. Retrieved 2009-05-01. ^ "Award-winning Month Drives Chrysler Group LLC's December U.S. Sales" . News.prnewswire.com. 2010-01-05. Retrieved 2010-01-06.
44. ^ a b "canada2010" . http://media.chrysler.com . Retrieved 201102-05. 45. ^ "Chrysler Group LLC Reports December 2009 Sales Outside North America" . media.chrysler.com. Retrieved 2011-02-05. 46. ^ "December 2010 Sales: Chrysler" . cheersandgears.com. 2011-01-04. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
General Phil Berg. "Jeep Grand Cherokee Preview". Car and Driver (August 1998): 6970.
External links
2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee site Australian 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee site Only in a Jeep . Public Domain Jeep promo video. Jeep Grand Cherokee ZJ @ Hamcar.info
vde Type CJ-5 Traditional CJ-7 CJ-8 Dispatcher Crossover DJ-5/6 Wrangler YJ Wrangler TJ
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[hide] 2010s 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
Wrangler JK LJ
Compass MK Patriot MK Compact SUV Cherokee (SJ) SUV Wagoneer SJ Compact CJ-10 Grand Wagoneer SJ ZJ Commander XK Cherokee / Wagoneer XJ Grand Cherokee ZJ Grand Cherokee WJ Liberty KJ Liberty KK
Comanche MJ
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Categories: Jeep vehicles | SUVs | All wheel drive vehicles | Crossover SUVs | Rear wheel drive vehicles | 1990s automobiles | 2000s automobiles | 2010s automobiles | Vehicles introduced in 1993 | Motor vehicles manufactured in the United States
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http://www.coches.net/noticias/mitsubishi-montero-versus-jeep-grand-cherokee--426-cono.aspx[27/06/2011 21:31:49]
Montero versus Jeep Grand Cherokee traccin total conectable Super Select SS4-II, que permite rodar con traccin trasera (4x2) o total (4x4) mediante el correspondiente mando elctrico situado junto a la palanca del cambio. El mencionado mando permite bloquear el diferencial central (4HLc) y engranar la reductora con el diferencial central bloqueado (4LLc). Sobre la carretera, los mejores registros quedan del lado del todoterreno norteamericano, dado que es menos pesado que su oponente. El Cherokee, rey del asfalto En comportamiento frente al asfalto, el Cherokee se muestra ms gil que el Montero. Se cie mejor en las curvas, ya que su morro entra con mayor facilidad, ayudado por un tren trasero que puede ayudar a deslizar si practicamos una conduccin ms deportiva. Eso s, cuenta con la desventaja frente al Montero de que cuando varan las condiciones del firme, ste se vuelve ms exigente en la conduccin, ya que carece de control de estabilidad; un elemento con el que cuenta el modelo japons. La mayor lentitud del Montero es consecuencia de una direccin muy desmultipli-cada, con 3,6 de vueltas al volante, lo que dificulta inscribir el tren delantero con una mayor Rapidez. Mientras, en el Grand Cherokee, la direccin con 2,7 vueltas entre topes se muestra ms rpida que la de su rival una vez inscrita en la curva, aunque al principio su guiado sea algo lento y poco preciso. Dos autnticos TT En campo, tanto el Cherokee como el Montero son dos autnticos todoterreno y muestran capacidades ms que suficientes para superar zonas muy difciles, aunque estn ms condicionados por sus suspensiones, ngulos y ruedas. El limitado recorrido del eje delantero traba en cierta medida al Jeep cuando el trazado se torna exigente, mientras que la limitada altura libre de la carrocera pasa factura a los bajos al franquear pozas profundas. No obstante, la facilidad con la que atraviesa las mismas invita a aumentar la dificultad del recorrido y no es difcil acabar arrastrando tanto la panza como el voladizo trasero del vehculo. Para ser justos, debemos aadir que el Jeep cuenta con una mejor relacin de desmultiplicacin de la reductora que su rival japons (2,7 a 1 frente a 1,9 a 1). Ello le hace bastante ms eficaz a la hora de bajar pendientes muy pronunciadas, tal como comprobamos en el circuito. El Montero se embala en demasa, y, en este sentido, el control de descenso (EBAC) no ayuda a mejorar la mayor eficacia de su rival. Sin embargo, el TT nipn s muestra un comportamiento impecable con el bloqueo central y las reductoras conectadas, momento ste en el que el control de traccin garantiza el avance por las zonas ms difciles, a causa de pasar una mayor factura a la fuerza del motor.
#8
el montero es un jeep exelente yo tengo un modelo 94 con 180000 km y no pide favor a nadie ha subido entre matorrales y lodo en los paramos andinos mas dificiles sin problema, su rendimiento es increible en terrenos situaciones y yo e jalado al cherokee estancado en el lodo
#7
El Cherokee es un maquinon el mejor coche que he tenido, he tenido dos seguidos, ni una averia y le hago mas de 70.000 KM/ao y lo comparo con un ML 320 que tambien tengo, Pero que prueba habeis hecho desde cunado el Cherokee actual tiene un motor de 2,7
#6
#5
quiero comprar uno,,pero no se cual elegir,,,,me podriais ayudar? gracias de antemano,,y a ver si fuera posible que alguna vez coincidamos por las rutas del magred....
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#3
El sistema de traccion del Jeep es ms completo ya que cuenta de serie con tres bloqueos de diferecial, cosa que no tiene el Mitsu.y eso lo notars cuando pases por zonas realmente dificiles, por donde he subido con el Jeep, un amigo con un Mitsu no apodido y eso que llebavamos la misma marca de rueda. Si miramos el motor el 5 cilindros de Mercedes tambien es mejor en consumos y prestaciones. Yo pude probar los dos y me compre el Jeep y solo he tenido que cambiarle el aceite en las revisiones. Hay que decir que los dos son grandes coches y el Mitsu ms barato.
#2
montero sin dudarlo! lo digo por experiencia los jeeps se rompen mucho. El montero es un hierro, tengo uno del 2001 con 160.000km i pocas cosas se le an hecho y unos 20 o 30.000km seran fuera de asfalto. Viages a marrueos tunez libia lo aguanta todo este coche. tiene unos bajos increibles i un cambio buenisimo, la unica pega es el parachoques trasero que en escalones pronunciados al bajarlos o en dunas pequeas hace de pala i se rompen las luces. es recomendable ponerle proteccion detras unas planchas a medida. MONTERO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
#1
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2005 Ford Explorer vs. Jeep Grand Cherokee, Mitsubishi Montero, Nissan Pathfinder, Toyota 4Runner, VW Touareg - Comparison Tests
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Rock-Climbing SUVS, Size M: Destination: Chicken Point. We've got four-wheel drive, and we're not afraid to use it.
BY PATRICK BEDARD, PHOTOGRAPHY BY AARON KILEY April 2005
Pages: 1 Mother Nature started her landscaping for this comparison test 275 million years ago, when she washed a bunch of quartz sand with rusty water until the grains took on a pretty red hue and then cemented them together to form sandstone bedrock. Over the ages since, she hoisted this one-time sand pile upward by 4600 feet and set about sculpting it into a lofty lump that today's residents of Sedona, Arizona, call Chicken Point. Not that most of them get to see this particular sample of her handiwork. Mother hid it well behind a spellbinding array of other rocks, all of which seem to have more appealing names. Chicken Point is hidden but not forbidden. There's a trail Broken Arrow barely wide enough for one vehicle over most of its 2.1-mile length. Thrillseeking visitors buy a ride in the Jeeps of a local tour company. But if you have a 4x4 and are willing to risk ripping the bottom out of it, you can attempt the journey yourself. Hmm. Could we urge a six-pack of grocery getters up to Chicken Point without leaving 5W-20 slicks from savaged oil pans or embarrassing ourselves with a call for helicopter evacuation? Only one way to find out. Exactly which SUVs? First, the all-important qualifier: The vehicles must have low and high ranges. Broken Arrow is a slow-speed trek demanding plenty of ground clearance and driver expertise. The spring season has two all-new mainstreamer SUVs: the Jeep Grand Cherokee, now with Hemi power, and a Nissan Pathfinder built on Titan bones. Both have the climber's swagger. Toyota's athletic 4Runner is certainly right for the mission. The optional V-8 won't go breathless on us at altitude. The Mitsubishi Montero has intriguing offroad capability, too, including the ability to be shifted from rear drive to all-wheel drive on the fly at speeds up to 62 mph. From VW, the agile Touareg might be pulled down to popular prices if we stay with the standard 237hp, 3.2-liter V-6. We're aiming for a base sticker in the $35,000-to-$40,000 range.
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What about the most ubiquitous SUV ever, 14 years as an American bestseller: the Ford Explorer? With two-wheel drive, it's as common as dandelions. Instead, we'll opt for AdvanceTrac full-time all-wheel drive and Roll Stability Control. The price? Uh, a blur of incentives lets you buy an Explorer right. And if these rebates were as predictable as, say, lunar cycles, we could pull them into our as-tested calculation. They aren't. We can't. Let's just say we welcome Mommy's favorite ballet bus to the climb, and if it can do a demipli on Chicken Point, there'll be high-fives in PTA meetings across the land. At the risk of getting all Lewis-and-Clark on you, we hired a geologist to accompany us. Inquiring minds want to know why the rocks of Sedona are red, and why does that redness stop just beyond the edge of
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2005 Ford Explorer vs. Jeep Grand Cherokee, Mitsubishi Montero, Nissan Pathfinder, Toyota 4Runner, VW Touareg - Comparison Tests
town?
Geologist Wayne Ranney explains rocks as if he had baked them himself. He helped us see that the red is really just a stack of layers about 1400 feet thick, situated partway up a much taller cliff. Look northeast of Sedona: The high ground is tan. Those lighter-colored layers above the red start about a mile above sea level; they covered Sedona thousands of years ago. Blame erosion? You could, or you could enjoy the carvings it leaves behind. From two fixed points just south of town they happen to be old volcanoes Ranney has calculated that Sedona's cliffscape is migrating northeast at the rate of one foot every 625 years. The relatively soft rock mostly sandstone doesn't dissolve uniformly, however. Lumps and spires are left behind for our Kodak moments the rock equivalent of slowly melting icebergs and they are christened with fanciful names like Courthouse and Bell Rock. Chicken Point is a formation still hidden in the background, biding its time as the rocks in front crumble away. In a few turns of geological time it, too, will be gone. The rocks are melting, guys. Let's roll. Continued...
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