ME 266 Solid Mechanics Laboratory

Spring 2011

Nonlinear Ansys tension test tutorial

In this tutorial, you will perform tension test analysis in Ansys program. Make it habit to follow the procedures step by step. Lets first adjust the unit system of the program. Type /UNITS,MPa in the command window as shown below.

MPa unit system has the properties:

LENGTH MASS TIME TEMPERATURE TOFFSET FORCE HEAT PRESSURE = = = = = = = = MILLIMETERS (mm) TONNE (Mg) SECONDS (sec) CELSIUS (C) 273.0 NEWTON (N) MILLIJOULES (mJ) MEGAPASCAL (MPa)

1. Preparing element and material model

Element Type

The suitable element type for the nonlinear analysis of the test specimen is 8-node Solid 185.

T.C. Yeditepe University

Mechanical Eng. Department

ME 266 Solid Mechanics Laboratory

Spring 2011

To choose this element: Preprocessor>>Element type>>add/edit/delete>>add>>solid 185>>ok and close

Material Property

The test specimen material is Aluminum. According to the tension test results, mechanical properties of aluminum are given as: Elastic Modulus is 60 GPa Poisson ratio is 0.3 According to the experiment results, Yield stress 145 MPa Tangential Modulus (The slope of plastic region) To imply the material constants for elastic and plastic properties: Preprocessor>>Material Models>>structural>>Linear>>elastic>>isotropic
EX 6E4 PRXY0.3

With the material model 1 is selected, Preprocessor>>Material Models>>structural>>Nonlinear>>Inelastic>>rate independent>>isotropic hardening plasticity>>misses plasticity >>Isotropic hardening plasticity>>Bilinear Yield Stss 145 Tang Mod 1.38E3

2. Construction of the geometry of the specimen

To create such a volume as our specimen, following entities should be created. 1- keypoints 2- lines 3- area 4- extrude. To get more accurate and fast results, the specimen is considered to be symmetrical about two planes. Therefore, proper symmetry boundary conditions will be defined.
Keypoints

Preprocessor>>modeling>> create>>Keypoints>>in active CS

T.C. Yeditepe University

Mechanical Eng. Department

ME 266 Solid Mechanics Laboratory

Spring 2011

Build the keypoints according to the given table below.

Keypoint Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x 0 55 63.9 124 133 188 188 0 63.9 124 y 0 0 3.75 3.75 0 0 10 10 0 0 z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Lines

Preprocessor>>modeling>> create>>Lines>>straight line Build Lines between the keypoints except between 2 and 3, 4 and 5. Do not use the keypoints 9 and 10 We will use 9 and 10 to build arcs. To build arcs, Preprocessor>>modeling>> create>>Lines>>arcs>>By End KPs & Rad Here pick KP 2 and 3 >> OK Then, pick KP 9 for the center>> OK Radius 12.5 >>apply For the second arc, Here pick KP 4 and 5 >> OK Then, pick KP 10 for the center>> OK Radius 12.5 >>OK
Area

Preprocessor>>modeling>> create>>Areas>>Arbitrary>>by lines Pick all lines than go OK.

T.C. Yeditepe University

Mechanical Eng. Department

ME 266 Solid Mechanics Laboratory

Spring 2011

Extrude

Preprocessor>>modeling>>Operate>>Extrude>>Areas>>along normal Pick the area>>OK Length of extrusion is 2.5 So, we built quarter of the specimen.

3. Meshing of the model

Preprocessor>>Meshing>>Mesh Tool Global>>Set>>Element edge length >>1 (this says that our elements have a max length of 1 mm.) Again mesh Tool>>Shape: Hex/Wedge, Sweep>>SWEEP Pick the volume and OK.

T.C. Yeditepe University

Mechanical Eng. Department

ME 266 Solid Mechanics Laboratory

Spring 2011

4. Loads and boundary conditions

Preprocessor>>Loads>>Define Loads>>Apply>>Structural>>Displacement>>On Areas>> Pick Pink Region

T.C. Yeditepe University

Mechanical Eng. Department

ME 266 Solid Mechanics Laboratory

Spring 2011

Select UY and fill the value as 0 >> OK

Preprocessor>>Loads>>Define Loads>>Apply>>Structural>>Displacement>>On Areas>> Pick Pink Region

Select UZ and fill the value section 0 >> OK Preprocessor>>Loads>>Define Loads>>Apply>>Structural>>Displacement>>On Nodes>> Pick the nodes as below by box,

T.C. Yeditepe University

Mechanical Eng. Department

ME 266 Solid Mechanics Laboratory

Spring 2011

Select UX, UY, UZ and fill the value section 0 >> OK Do the same things for the next end of the specimen and for the UX fill the value as 15. (It means that we are pulling the specimen 15 mm in the x- direction.

5. Solution
Solution>>Analysis Type>> Soln Controls

Make the values as in the picture.

T.C. Yeditepe University

Mechanical Eng. Department

ME 266 Solid Mechanics Laboratory

Spring 2011

Enter 10 as the number of substeps. This will set the initial substep to 1/10 th of the total load. Enter a maximum number of substeps of 1000. This stops the program if the solution does not converge after 1000 steps. Enter a minimum number of substeps of 1. Ensure all solution items are written to a results file. Solution>>Solve>>Current LS

6. Results
General Postprocessor>>Result viewer Through Result viewer we can animate the solution according to the results that we want to see. In addition we can analyze the one of the nodes that we special for us through the time history. We can plot displacement vs. stress graph through time at one node. Some remarks on the post processing: When you plot your results through results viewer, make sure that you plot the last results set. In the below figure, the red arrow at the bottom of the tab should indicate the last substep. Originally it starts from 1, you should change it to the last substep. Now the question is how can I know substep number. Well, it can be found from the menu in the general post processor tab or simply increase it and observe the TIME at the left side of the figure. As you reach the last substep, it has to become 1.

T.C. Yeditepe University

Mechanical Eng. Department

ME 266 Solid Mechanics Laboratory

Spring 2011

Report Deliverables: Plot the x-component of stress along the paths P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6. Plot the x-component of stress and strain at points K1, K2, K3. Through results viewer plot the x-component of deformation and strain. Discuss on the Saint Venants effect on the boundary conditions.

T.C. Yeditepe University

Mechanical Eng. Department