Positive Side of Foreign Aid: Poverty Reduction Aid increases investment, in physical and human capital Aid increases

ses the capacity to import capital goods or technology Aid does not have indirect effects that reduce investment or savings rates Aid is associated with technology transfer that increases the productivity of capital Negative Side of Foreign Aid: Reduced GDP Growth Reduced Gross Domestic Savings Increasing the dependency to other country How can Bangladesh reduce dependence on foreign aid? Bangladesh should reduce its dependence on foreign aid and implement development projects with domestic resources. Foreign assistance can be taken only when a project cannot be implemented with its own resources. NGO

A non-governmental organization (NGO) is a "private organizations that

pursue activities to relieve suffering, promote the interests of the poor, protect the environment, provide basic social services, or undertake community development"

Categories of NGOs: The World Bank classifies operational NGOs into three main groups:

1) community-based organizations (CBOs) - which serve a specific

population in a narrow geographic area;

2) national organizations - which operate in individual developing

countries,

3) international organizations - which are typically headquartered in

developed countries and carry out operations in more than one developing country. NGO Strengths and Weaknesses: strong grassroots links field-based development expertise the ability to innovate and adapt process-oriented approach to development participatory methodologies and tools long-term commitment and emphasis on sustainability cost-effectiveness

The most commonly identified weaknesses of the sector include:

limited financial and management expertise limited institutional capacity low levels of self-sustainability isolation/lack of inter-organizational communication and/or coordination small scale interventions lack of understanding of the broader social or economic context

Women Empowerment:

Women work two-thirds of the worlds working hours, according to the

United Nations Millennium Campaign to halve world poverty by the year 2015. The overwhelming majority of the labor that sustains life growing food, cooking, raising children, caring for the elderly, maintaining a house, hauling water is done by women, and universally this work is accorded low status and no pay. The ceaseless cycle of labor rarely shows up in economic analyses of a societys production and value. Women earn only 10 percent of the worlds income. Where women work for money, they may be limited to a set of jobs deemed suitable for women invariably low-pay, low-status positions. Women own less than 1 percent of the worlds property. Where laws or customs prevent women from owning land or other productive assets, from getting loans or credit, or from having the right to inheritance or to own their home, they have no assets to leverage for economic stability and cannot invest in their own or their childrens futures.

Women make up two-thirds of the estimated 876 million adults worldwide who cannot read or write; and girls make up 60 percent of
the 77 million children not attending primary school. Education is among the most important drivers of human development: women who are educated have fewer children than those who are denied schooling