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ABSTRACT
Cloud assigned to computing a is a of computing paradigm in which tasks are combination connections, software and services accessed over a network. This network of servers and connections is collectively known as "the cloud". Computing at the scale of the cloud allows users to access supercomputer-level power. Using a thin client or other access point, like an iPhone, BlackBerry or laptop, users can reach into the cloud for resources as they need them. For this reason, cloud computing has also been described as "on-demand computing."

how

the

Internet

is

depicted

in computer network diagrams, and is an abstraction for the complex infrastructure it conceals.

CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

Virtual Physical location and underlying infrastructure details are transparent to users. Scalable Able to break complex workloads into pieces to be served across an incrementally expandable infrastructure. Efficient Services for Oriented dynamic

CLOUD COMPUTING
An emerging computing paradigm where data and services reside in massively scalable data centers and can be ubiquitously accessed from any connected devices over the internet. The term cloud is used as a metaphor for the Internet, based on

Architecture

provisioning of shared compute resources. Flexible Can serve a variety of workload types both consumer and commercial.

Centralization infrastructure areas costs, estate, etc. with e.g.,

of in lowers real

electricity, capacity for

KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Customer

o Peak-load not

capital

increases (users need engineer highest possible load levels)

o

expenditure is minimized and thus lowers barriers to entry, as infrastructure is owned by the provider and does not need to be purchased for one-time or infrequent intensive computing tasks. Services are typically available to or specifically targeted to retail consumers `businesses. Device and location independence enables users to access systems regardless of their location or what device they are using, e.g., PC, mobile. Multi-tenancy enables sharing of resources, and costs, among a large pool of users, allowing for: and small

Utilization efficiency improvements systems utilized. that

and for are

often only 10-20% Performance is monitored and consistent, but can be affected load. Reliability is enhanced by way of multiple redundant sites, suitable continuity which for and makes it business disaster by insufficient bandwidth or high network

recovery, however IT and business managers are able to do little when an outage hits them. Historical data on

cloud outages is tracked in the Cloud Computing Incidents Database. Scalability meets changing user demands, e.g., Flash crowds, peak quickly loads. without Massive users having to engineer for scalability and large user bases are common, but not an absolute requirement. Security typically improves due to centralization of data, increased concerns control typically security-focused about over logged loss of resources, etc., but raises certain but

CLOUD COMPUTING BUILDING BLOCKS

A massively scalable and flexible computing platform of the future, built on IBM and open source software, for hosting Web 2.0 and SOA applications.

ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES
Open

source

Linux

platform.
Xen open source systems

virtualization.
Automated provisioning of

sensitive data. Accesses are accessing the audit logs themselves can be difficult or impossible.
Sustainability is achieved

computing Tivoli Manager.

resources

by

Provisioning

Systems management and

monitoring by IBM Tivoli Monitoring.

Parallel computing clusters

through improved resource utilization, more efficient systems, neutrality. infrastructure and carbon Nonetheless, are major

using Apache Hadoop.

Open source Eclipse-based

computers and associated consumers of energy.

development

tools

for

parallel applications.

Example of How the Cloud BUISNESS BENEFITS Cost efficient model for creating and acquiring information services Removes or reduces IT management complexity Increases business responsiveness with realtime capacity reallocation Powers applications rich internet Drives Innovation: Leverage Clouds powerful combination collaboration dynamic, environment to of secure drive Web 2.0 and business platform

computing

transformations. Expand sources of

innovation with a network of partners, customers, researchers, and academia.

Expand

CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE

Cloud infrastructure to computing support the

sources

of

innovation with a network of partners, customers, researchers, and academia.

Speed time to market for

academic initiative can be delivered either as hosted or onsite solution.

new offerings by exploiting collaboration technology to co-create and gather rapid feedback on new offerings.
Lower barriers to IT by

Cloud Computing Architecture

Tivoli Monitoring Agent

Virtual Virtual Virtual Apach e Machine Machine Machine Machine Open Source Linux with Xen IBM Open Source Linux with Xen Monitoring v.6 IBM Data Center System x Provisioning Provisioning Baremetal Web Sphere & Xen VM Manager v.5.1 Application Server Monitoring Provisioning Management Stack v.6 Tivoli Monitoring Agent Virtualized Infrastructure based on Open Source Linux & Xen

Virtual

leveraging Cloud to provide incubation environment for new prototypes.

Monitoring DB2

Examples of Cloud Computing Workloads:

 Web 2.0 applications.

Customer user Computing:

View

of

Cloud

Provide

rich

experience including realtime global collaboration.

Governments see value in

Enable

rapid to

software scan

leveraging

Cloud

development.

Computing technology as a catalyst for innovation and economic growth.

Accelerates creation of new

Software to identify spam.

voluminous Wikipedia edits Organize articles location.

global

news

service offerings.
Enabling startups, research,

by

geographic

and

new

ventures for

with rapid

Data-intensive workloads based Googles framework. on Map scalable such as Reduce architectures,

automated environment

incubation

prototype development.
Cultivates skills for next

generation workforce.
Reinforces

Financial modeling, realtime speech translation, Web search.

countrys leadership with innovation

thought

first-of-a-kind

Next generation rich media, such as virtual videos, can worlds, Web be streaming New

enablement platform.

conferencing, etc.

services

COMPANIES

SUPPORTS

created and published via a completely integrated Eclipse-based environment.

CLOUD COMPUTING
Cloud computing is being driven by providers is including Amazon, Google, including and large General enterprises Electric,

Salesforce as well as traditional vendors including IBM, Intel and Microsoft. It is being adopted by individual users through Gamble and Valeo.

Hybrid cloud: It is a combination of both the private and public cloud. Example Google is a public cloud in which the account will create on Google is private cloud.

TYPES OF CLOUD
The three types of cloud in cloud computing are as follows, they are Private cloud Public cloud Hybrid cloud Private cloud: The resources are accessed only by the authenticated user within the private network. Example the applications we create on Gmail account is done in private cloud. Public cloud: The user can access it through the web services or web browsers. It is fully virtualized. Example Bing is a search engine can be accessed by the any user, provided internet.

SERVICE

MODELS

IN

CLOUD COMPUTING:
Types of service models available in cloud computing are,
SaaS

(Software

as

Service)
PaaS (platform as a Service) IaaS (Infrastructure as a

Service) SaaS (Software as a Service): The user can use softwares or applications which are provided through the internet providers. by Thus the it application

enables software as a service. Example many applications are provided by Zoho.

PaaS (Platform as a Service): It provides the operating system as a service to the user through the internet. Example Microsoft Azure

rate or the data transfer rate will be much slower. University finds a solution to overcome the resource shortage by allocating the separate server to each department. Disadvantages of the University deployment: It requires high cost. The resource may not be efficiently departments. used by all

developed by Microsoft Co. IaaS (Infrastructure as a

Service): It provides the storage, virtual memory, products and dynamic infrastructure to the user. Example SQL Azure is a storage device.

IMPLEMENTATION:
Our idea is to implement cloud concept in University resource utilization. The method used in our university is all departments use the same server that means the server is allocated to main block when the other server. department needs a requirement they use the same When the number of department demands increases the problem occurs. The band width

UNIVERSITY IN CLOUD Let us share our innovative thought to overcome the above mentioned problem.

will be authenticated. Therefore there will be no security concerns over this implementation. Advantages implementation: It is cost efficient. The wastage of resource utilization is minimized. Pay per use provides multitenancy. Hence forth we are experimenting our idea to implement cloud computing in our university. of our

REWARD
The resource utilization among the departments varies from one another. So we instead of allocating a separate server are to each a department allocating
Road Warriors

centralized server it consists of group of servers. The servers are contiguously allocated when the demand increases the centralized server will become a cloud provider. Since the whole process is done the private cloud each department

We can access a single version of your document from any location.

Cost- Conscious users

Another group of users who should gravitate to

cloud computing are those who are cost conscious. With cloud computing you can save money on both your hardware and software. Collaborators The ability to share and edit documents in real time between multiple users is one of the primary benefits of web-based applications; it makes collaborating easy and even fun. Application independent

(Gbs) consumed, and gigabits per second (Gbps) transferred, rather than by a server or with a monthly fee. Their pricing is compelling. and OS

In most cases, the architectures of clouds support nearly any type of app a customer may want to host as long as it does not need direct access to hardware or specialized hardware elements.

Fully virtualized Pay By Use

Most clouds charge by actual use of resources in CPU hours, gigabits

Nearly every cloud computing vendor abstracts the hardware with some

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sort of server virtualization . The majority employ a hypervisor to keep costs low. Some have solutions that span virtual and physical servers via another middleware element, such as a grid engine.
Equipped with dynamic

There's no software or hardware requirement at the customer end nor the need for specialized tools.
Gives

edge Enterprises

To

An

infrastructure software

Most clouds employ infrastructure software that can easily add, move, or change an application with very little, if any, intervention by cloud provide personnel. or

Cloud computing gives an edge to enterprises as they can add capabilities and increase capacities on the fly without having to invest in infrastructure , training or licenses.

DISADVANTAGE:
Not welcomed by all

Free of software hardware installation

You tap into a cloud just as you would any remote server. All you need is a log-in.

Cloud offered by only big companies. Because not all the companies require resources. So they are not in need for cloud computing as their requirements are low. Cloud is offered by big companies like Microsoft, IBM and Zoho etc. Not secured

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The security arises when the user access in public cloud since they are virtualized.

allow you to have only a small computer inexpensive computer, processor and monitor in front of you. You would have no need for a hard drive or a CD/DVD drive. Instead you would need only an Internet connection, which would hook you up to a central supercomputer that would host all your programs and files. This presents and advantage to both storage and security issues.

TECHNICAL POINTS

KEY

User interaction interface: How users of cloud interface with the cloud Services catalog: Services a user can request System management: Manages the resources available Provisioning tool: Carves out the systems from the cloud to deliver on the requested service Monitoring and metering: Tracks the usage of the cloud (optional) Servers: Virtual or physical servers managed by System management

BIBLIOGRAPHY
REFERENCES
www.wikipedia.org

www.ibm.com/grid www.sun.com
www.cloudcomputi

ngexpo.com www.explaningcom

CONCLUSION
In theory the process is very simple. Cloud computing could

puters.com

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