// // // // /*

Note on I/face Connections from uC to LCD_module Please change the code to suit the H/W config you are using MSP430uc P12 P13 P14 P15 P16 P17 GND LCD_Module RS E D4 D5 D6 D7 GND

// Connections to LCD_module Your LCD_module in all probabilty powers it's onboard controller off a 5V sup ply. So U'll have to provide a 5V regulated supply seperately to the LCD_module Remember MSP430 runs at 3.6 V (max) ... U'll spare urself the hassle if you have a LCD_nodule which can work at lower voltages. Also this program only wr ites to the LCD, if you want to read from the LCD, U must use one more of the uC p ins, in the current setup we have tied R/W signal of the LCD_module to GND, also if your uC and LCD_module are running at different Vdd levels, it is advisabl e to use a level converter while reading from the LCD_module. R/W signal of the LCD_module is tied to GND You must connect a pot to vary the voltage at the contrast pin of the LCD_mod ule */

#ifndef __msp430x20x1_h__ // Change this header file to include the MSP430 uC y ou are using. #include <msp430x20x1.h> // Header must only be included if none of the files linking to #define __msp430x20x1_h__ // this file include it already #endif // Global Variable declarations char disp[32]; // Buffer to hold characters to be displayed on the LCD // Global Function Declarations void init_lcm(void); // Function void putchar(char what); // Function n void putstr(char *what); // Function ion void clr_lcm(void); // Function void lcm_line2(void); // Function void delay(char); // Function M operations to initialize the LCD_module (LCM) to print a char at current cursor locatio to print string from current cursor locat to clear the LCM display to move cursor to start of line 2 to provide delay necessary for certain LC

void strobe(void); // Function to toggle the enable signal after suitabl e delay void update_lcm(char *str);// Function to write disp[32] buffer onto the LCM dis play // str is a 32 character array void clr_disp_buffer(void);// Function to flush disp[32] to blank spaces void tostr(int i,char *str); //Converts Integers to String, useful routine void tostr(int i,char *s) { char *p; p=s; if(i >= 200) p[0]= 2; else if(i >= 100) p[0]= 1; else p[0]= 0; p[2]=i%10; i-=p[2]; i/=10; p[1]=i%10; p[3] = 0; // mark end of string p[2]+=0x30; p[1]+=0x30; p[0]+=0x30; } void clr_disp_buffer(void) { // Clears the internal message Buffer to contain blank spaces for(char x = 0; x <32; x++) disp[x] = ' '; } void strobe(void) { // This is a small function which pulls the Enable pin of the LCM low for some time P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xF7; //Enable Low delay(105); P1OUT=P1OUT 0x08; //Enable High delay(85); } void init_lcm(void) { P1DIR = 0xFF; P1OUT = 0xFF; // Set Interface length for the LCM P1OUT=P1OUT 0x08; //Pull Enable pin of the LCM High P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; //Set Command Mode P1OUT=0x2F; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; //Set Command Mode strobe(); // Convert Interger to String

//Since we are now in the 4 bit mode //Byte wide transmission will now be broken down into 2 parts //We thus have to transmit the Higher Nibble (HN) first followed by the //Lower Nibble (LN) //Enable 2 line mode //HN P1OUT=0x2F; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; //Set Command Mode strobe(); //LN P1OUT=0x8F; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; //Set Command Mode strobe(); //Set Cursor parameters //HN P1OUT=0x0F; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; strobe(); //LN P1OUT=0xFF; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; delay(65); strobe();

//Bring Cursor to Home Position //HN P1OUT=0x0F; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; strobe(); //LN P1OUT=0x3F; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; strobe(); } void lcm_line2(void) { // Jump to line 2 of LCM //HN P1OUT=0xCF; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; strobe(); //LN P1OUT=0x0F; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; strobe(); }

void update_lcm(char *str) { // write whatever is in the disp[32] message buffer onto the LCM char pos; // write the first 16 characters clr_lcm(); for(pos = 0; pos <16; pos++ ) { putchar(str[pos]); } // write the next 16 characters lcm_line2();// newline ;) for(pos = 16; pos<32;pos++) { putchar(str[pos]); } } void clr_lcm(void) { // Clear LCM, Blank Display //HN P1OUT=0x0F; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; strobe(); //LN P1OUT=0x1F; P1OUT=P1OUT & 0xFB; strobe(); } void putchar(char ascii) { // function to print the character passed, on the LCM at the current cursor position // HN P1OUT=0x0F ascii ; P1OUT=P1OUT 0x01; //Character Mode delay(115); strobe(); // LN P1OUT=0x0F (ascii<<4); // Remember that now we want to make available // the lower bits on our 4 bit data bus. strobe(); } void putstr(char *str) { while (*str) { putchar(*str++); } } void delay(char d) { // The Hallowed delay function for(int i = 0; i <2*d;i++); }