What is Pahani(RTC) ?

Pahani(RTC) is a very important revenue records, as it contains details of land such as owners' details, area, assessment, water rate, soil type, nature of possession of the Land, Liabilities, Tenancy and Crops grown, etc. Why is Pahani required ? Pahani is required for various purposes: 1. To know the genuiness of seller(owner) when land is being purchased. 2. It is required at Sub-Register's office when sale transaction is being done 3. To raise the farm credit / loan from the Bank. 4. Court needs Pahani in case of Civil litigation. 5. For personal purpose." What does Pahani contain? Pahani contains valuable data related to piece of Land. It has the following information : 1. Survey Number and Hissa Number of Land. 2. Total Land under the Pahani. 3. Land Revenue details. 4. Land Owner's name with Extents and Khatha Number. 5. The way land is acquired by the owner. 6. Government/Public rights on the Land. 7. Liabilities of the Owners on the Land. 8. Classification of the Soil. 9. Number of Trees. 10. Source of irrigation and area irrigated. 11. Cultivators Details. 12. Utilisation of land under various categories. 13. Details of Crops grown season-wise. 14. Details of Mixed Crops. How to get the Pahani ? One can get the signed copy of computerized PAHANI from PAHANI CENTRE, set up at the Tahsildar Office, instantaneously by paying Rs.15.00. If he is unable to come to Taluk office, it can be collected by paying Rs.15.00 to Village Accountant / Revenue Inspector, who inturn will collect computerized PAHANI from PAHANI CENTRE and hand it over. How is the computerised RTC different from manual RTC ? There is absolutely no difference in the contents of computerised RTC and manual RTC. However, the computerised RTC is neat and easily readable and understandable as details are printed in the respective Columns. Further it cannot be tampered easily."

What are the benefits of computerisation to the Public ? The Public will have lots of benefits from computerisation. The whole process of updation of Land Records will be transparent. The following are the benefits :

a. Farmer can collect his land records related documents from PAHANI CENTRE instantaneously by paying Rs.15.00. b. Public can request Revenue Department to carry out the mutation on the land as per their transactions and collect the acknowledgement for that. c. Farmer can come and see the status of 'mutation requested' by him and status of 'mutation-in-process' on his land. d. At TOUCH SCREEN KIOSK the Public can view the land records documents, status of mutation and various other reports. What happens if I take manually written RTC in Computerised Taluk ? Government of Karnataka has issued the order saying that in Computerised taluka, only computer generated RTC's are valid for all legal purposes and that handwritten RTC will not be recognized by Government" What is Mutation ? Mutation is a process through which Owner's name or his particulars like liabilities get changed because of some type of transactions. The type of transaction may be one of the following: 1. J-Slip-Sale through registered deed. 2. Inheritance - Change of Ownership because of death of the Owner. 3. Division of Land within the Family. 4. Pledge / Release - Change in liabilities because of loan from bank or repayment to bank. 5. Court Decree - Based on the Court Order. 6. Alienation - Conversion of land from agricultural to other purposes. 7. Acquisition by Government for Public purpose. 8. Grant of Land by Government to Poor People." Is there any difference in Land Records Updation Process after Computerisation ? NO. Updation process of Land Records is same in both Computerised and Manual systems. All the rules of Karnataka Land Revenue Act are followed as it is, in case of Computerised system with some added precautions."

When does the Owner name and his details Change ? The change in Owner name and his details will take place when one of the following transactions occurs : a. J-Slip - Sale transaction takes place at SRO. b. Inheritance - Death of the Owner. c. Division of Land within Family Members. d. Court Decree - Order of the court. e. Grant by the Government. f. Alienation for non-agricultural purposes. g. Acquisition by Government. h. Podi - Division of RTC into 2 or more. i. Pledge/Release of the Land with / from banks." How to bring New Owner's name or change the owner's details in the RTC ?

The Owners of the land will change because of purchase transaction, Inheritance, Division, Grant by Government, Court Decree. When one of these takes place, NEW OWNERS should approach the Revenue Department with the required document to incorporate their names. They can request for the same at the PAHANI CENTRE and collect the acknowledgement. Similarly when loan is taken or repayment is done, to change the liabilities details, Owner can submit the request at the PAHANI CENTRE with required documents." What is Objection and how to raise it ? Objection is a complaint about the transaction. That is, if some transaction comes for change of Ownership, to the Revenue Department, before accepting as it is, department serves the notice to the interested parties and puts in the CHAVADI. If anybody feels it is illegal transaction or feels his rights on the land is in trouble, he can raise the Objection. He has to give a written Objection within 30 days from notice served date to Village Accountant / Revenue Inspector / Taluk Office."

When does crop data change in RTC ?" Crop details will be written on the RTC once or twice in a year, depending upon the seasons. The Crops information will be written by Village Accountant after inspecting the field." What to do if crops information is wrong in RTC ? One can lodge a request to change the crop information on the PAHANI at the PAHANI CENTRE / Village Accountant. The same will be changed after " & " verification by Village Accountant / Revenue Inspector."

GOVERNMENT OF KARNATAKA Karnataka Government Secretariat, M.S.Building, Bangalore, Circular Number No. RD 79 MRR 2002 S l No 1860/Section RTC Subject Reg- Co-parceners

Dated: 20th February 2003.

CIRCULAR There is some confusion in recording the name of the purchaser in the Mutation Register on the sale of undivided interest of one of the Co-parceners of the land. Some Revenue Inspectors are insisting upon the landholder to first get the land partitioned and then approach for mutation; whereas some Revenue Inspectors are effecting mutations by recording the name of the purchaser and even giving separate rights to the purchaser by effecting phodi in respect of the land purchased by him. In a case reported in ILR 1999 KAR 1484 the Hon'ble High Court has held as follows: "No doubt, as pointed by Shri Adhyapak the respondent 3 and 4 acquire the undivided interest of the 2nd respondent in respect of the land bearing sy.no.772/2. It is well settled that so long as the partition of the family properties does not take place, what the respondents 3 and 4 acquire in the land in question is only the undivided interest of the 2nd respondent. Under these circumstances, it was not permissible for the Tahsildar to enter the name of respondents 3 and 4 in respect of the land in question on the basis of the sale deed Annexure A and give separate sub-numbers as has been done in Annexure-E. If the respondents 3 and 4 have acquired right, title and interest of the 2nd respondent in respect of the land in question, the remedy open to the respondents 3 and 4 is to seek partition of the family properties. Till that is not done, it is not permissible for the Revenue Authorities to enter the name of the purchaser in respect of the joint family properties". It, therefore, implies that it is not correct for the Revenue Department to enter the name of purchaser in such cases where one of the Co-parceners sells his undivided interest. The purchaser will have to seek for partition of the family properties. Till it is done, revenue authorities should not enter name of the purchaser in respect of joint family properties in the mutation register. However, if all the joint holders agree to sell a portion of their joint property to a purchaser then the authorities can certainly enter the name of the purchaser in respect of the extent purchased by him. In such cases the remaining property continued to be joint in the name of the joint owners. Further, if one of the Co-parceners sells his undivided interest with the consent of all the other joint owners then his name can be removed and the name of the purchaser can be inserted. To illustrate these points following examples are given: Let us presume there are 3 joint owners holding 6 acres of land. If all of them jointly sell one acre of land to D then it is permissible for the revenue authorities to mutate one acre of land in favour of D. Then RTC would be as follows: A, B, C 5 acres (jointly owned) D 1 acre In the second case, if C sells away his portion of land, which, for the sake of argument, say one and half acre (as agreed by all 3 owners) then RTC would look as follows: A, B 4.20 acres (jointly owned) D 1.20 acre In both these cases it may noted that the consent of the other joint owners either at the time of executing sale deed or at the time of effecting mutation is necessary.
Above guidelines be kept in mind by all the concerned. This Circular is also available at the Revenue Department Internet site http://www.revdept.kar.nic.in. (RAJEEV CHAWLA)

Additional Secretary to Government Revenue Department (Land Reforms) To, All Deputy Commissioners. Foot Notes For any suggestions / clarifications, please send mail to Mr. Rajeev Chawla (Additional Secretary)