Strength of Materials

Handout No.6

Torsion of NonCircular Section

Asst. Prof. Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen Technical College- Baghdad Dies and Tools Eng. Dept.
E-mail:haniazizameen@yahoo.com www.mediafire.com/haniazizameen

Strength of materials- Handout No.6 - Torsion of Non- Circular Section- Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen

6-1 Introduction
One of the important methods for the analysis of non circular shafts

is based on experimental results) . Mathematical analysis for non circular solid sections based on theory of elasticity is rather difficult .So in this chapter we are setting only the formula of shearing stress for several non- circular cross sections .

6-2 Torsion of Nom-circular Solid Sections

1Rectangular Section From Fig(6-1)

Fig(6-1) where b = larger side of the rectangular shaft h= smaller side of the rectangular shaft L= length of the shaft G= modulus of rigidity h 3 1.8 b T = applied torque T bh 2 for square section angle of twist b3 T.L 3 G bh 4.8 T

Strength of materials- Handout No.6 - Torsion of Non- Circular Section- Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen

where

3.5 1

h b

2-

Elliptical Section From Fig(6-2)

Fig(6-2) where

16T ab 2 16LT 1 1 abG a 2 b 2 3- Equilateral Triangle From Fig (6-3)

Fig(6-3)

Strength of materials- Handout No.6 - Torsion of Non- Circular Section- Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen

where section T ....... applied torque T 0.217Ad T 0.133Ad 2 G 6-3 Torsion of Thin Walled Tube with Non circular Cross Section

The tube with variable thickness is as shown in Fig(6-4)

Fig(6-4)

Strength of materials- Handout No.6 - Torsion of Non- Circular Section- Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen

where Consider the equilibrium element along the longitudinal axis q2 dL = q1 dL q2 = q1 = q Mo 0 T q.dL.r 0 dL T= q . 2 .r 2 T q. 2 A = 0 -1) The shear stress at any point across the wall thickness is q -2) t From eq. (6-1) &eq(6-2) it can be obtained T 2At

6-4 Examples
Example(6-1) Fig(6-5) shows a torque 600 N.m applied to the rectangular section . Find the wall thickness ( t ) so that shearing stress 60MN / m2

Fig(6-5)

Strength of materials- Handout No.6 - Torsion of Non- Circular Section- Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen

Solution T 2At 600 2 * t * (0.03 * 0.06) t = 2.78 mm 60 * 106 Example(6-2) Fig(6-6) shows a hollow member having the cross section and subjected to the action of torque of 203.3 N.m . If the section is symmetrical about shearing stress across its wall thickness The mean radius r = 25.4 mm , L = 76.2 mm , t = 6.35mm and 60

Fig(6-6) Solution A = 3 ( twist the area subtending the angle rL ) + area of triangle abc. A 3(2 * * r 2 * (60 / 360) r * L) 0.5 * L * L sin 60 25.4 2 A 3(2 * * 6 T 2*A*t 25.4 * 76.2) 0.5 * 76.2 * 76.2 * 3 10322.56mm 2 2

203.3 2 * 10322.56 * 10 6 * 6.35 * 10

=15.51 MPa

Strength of materials- Handout No.6 - Torsion of Non- Circular Section- Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen

6-5 Problems
6-1) Fig(6-7) shows a rectangular strip , find the maximum shear stress in terms of the applied torque T for the section .

Fig(6-7) 6-2) Fig(6-8) shows the section which is subjected to a torque of 1739.7N.m , find the minimum thickness of the section , if the shearing stress does not to exceed 41.37 Mpa.

Fig(6-8) 6-3) Fig(6-9) shows the upper and lower portions which constitute a full ellipse of 153.4mm major axis and 63.5mm minor . Find the maximum safe torque , if the shearing stress in the material does not exceed 41.37MPa .

Strength of materials- Handout No.6 - Torsion of Non- Circular Section- Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen

Fig(6-9)