INCREASING THE STEAM GENERATION RATE BY REDUCING THE BAGASSE MOISTURE USING DRYER

A PROJECT REPORT Submitted by

71306114002 71306114018 71306114305 71306114335

ALBIN JOSEPH RAKESH CHANDRAN GIRIKAILAS G. M. VINOTH KUMAR

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING M. P. NACHIMUTHU M. JAGANATHAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE CHENNIMALAI - 638 112 An ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Institution

ANNA UNIVERSITY : CHENNAI 600 025

APRIL-2010

ANNA UNIVERSITY : CHENNAI 600 025

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report INCREASING THE STEAM GENERATION RATE BY REDUCING THE BAGASSE MOISTURE USING DRYER is the bonafide work of

71306114002 71306114018 71306114305 71306114335

ALBIN JOSEPH RAKESH CHANDRAN GIRIKAILAS G. M. VINOTH KUMAR

who carried out the project work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE Mr. S. RAVI M.Tech Ph.D, HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT, M. P. Nachimuthu M. Jaganathan Engineering College Chennimalai 638 112

SIGNATURE Mr.N.KUMARAGURUBARAN M.E., SUPERVISOR, Lecturer, M. P. Nachimuthu M. Jaganathan Engineering College Chennimalai 638 112

Submitted for the university exam held on________________

INTERNAL EXAMINER

EXTERNAL EXAMINER

TABLE OF CONTENT Chapter no. TITLE ABSTRACT LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF SYMBOLS 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Objective of the project 1.2 Introduction to title 1.3 Company profile LITERATURE REVIEW SELECTION OF BAGASSE AS ALTERNATIVE FUEL 3.1 Need for alternative fuel 3.2 Bagasse 3.3 Bagasse as alternative fuel 3.4 Properties of bagasse 3.4.1Physical properties 3.4.2 Chemical properties 3.5 Treatment of bagasse 3.5.1Using flue gas drying 3.5.2 Implementation of modified java method mill setting 3.6 Environmental Aspects of Biomass Combustion Boiler 4.1 Boiler specification 4.2 Chain-grate or Traveling-grate stocker 4.3 Introduction to boiler 4.3.1 Power generation 4.3.2 Processing 4.3.3 Heating 4.4 Requirements of boiler 4.5 Working principle 4.6 Parts of boiler 4.6.1 Boiler shell 4.6.2 Combustion chamber 4.6.3 Grate PAGE NO. i ii iii iv 1 1 1 2 4 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 11 11 12 14 15 16 16 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 21

2. 3.

4.

4.6.4 Furnace 4.6.5 Heating surface 4.6.6 Mountings 4.6.7 Accessories 4.7 Boiler feed water system 4.8 Fuel supply system 4.9 Fuel pump 4.10 Dearerator 4.11 Economizer 4.12 Draught Condition 4.13 Chimney 4.14 Safety device in the boiler 4.14.1 Water level indicator 4.14.2 Pressure gauges 4.14.3 Thermometer 4.14.4 Blowndown cock 4.14.5 Feed check value 4.14.6 Fusible plug 4.14.7 Steam supply to the plant ENERGY CONSERVATION OPPORTUNITIES 5.1 Stack temperature 5.2 Feed water preheating using economizer 5.3 Combustion air preheat 5.4 Incomplete combustion 5.5 Excess air control 5.6 Radiation and conventional heat loss 5.7 Automatic blown down control 5.8 Reduction of scaling and soot losses 5.9 Reduction of Boiler Steam Pressure 5.10Variable speed control for fans, blower and Pump 5.11 Effect of boiler loading on efficiency 5.12 Proper boiler scheduling 5.13 Boiler replacement CALORIMETER 6.1 Bomb calorimeter 6.2 Bomb calorimetery CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF BAGASSE DRYING UNIT

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5.

6. 7.

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7.1 Construction and Working 7.1.1 Hopper 7.1.2 Bagasse spreader 7.1.3 Bagasse level controller 7.1.4 Flue gas distributor 7.1.5 Bagasse drying unit 7.1.6 Flue gas pipe 7.1.7 Drum feeder 7.2 Advantages of bagasse drying unit CALCULATION 8.1 Amount of bagasse used per day 8.1.1 Current status of sugar industry 8.2 Drum feeder capacity of boiler 8.3 Case I bagasse burnt per hour contain 52% of moisture 8.3.1 Heat generation calculation (Q) 8.3.2 Heat loss due to moisture calculation (Qm) 8.3.3 Heat absorbed calculation (Qa) 8.3.4 Amount of steam generate (m) 8.4 Calculation for mass of bagasse to be dried in the dryer 8.5 Volume of bagasse flow through bottom opening of the Dryer 8.6 Test result for moisture reduction of bagasse 8.7 Case IImoisture is reduced to 40 % 8.7.1 Heat generation calculation (Q) 8.7.2 Heat loss due to moisture calculation (Qm) 8.7.3 Heat absorbed calculation (Qa) 8.7.4 Amount of steam generate (m) ESTIMATION AND COSTING 9.1 Standard size of the sheet metal and finding its weight 9.2 Determinations of weight of hopper sheet metal (top & bottom of the dryer) 9.3 Determination of weight of spreader sheet metal 9.4 Determination of weight of vertical dryer bodys metal 9.5 Determination of material cost and fabrication cost for the total weight of sheet metal CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 10.1 CONCLUSION

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10.2 SUGGESTION REFERENCE

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