General presentation

A Newly-approved safe ingredient for effective weight management promotion

April 2011

Table of contents

Designed for consumers Scientific evidence Regulatory status Technological data Marketing potential Conclusion

Designed for consumers

Designed for consumers

What is Chromax?
A newly-approved safe ingredient for effective weight management promotion
Chromax is a patented salt of trivalent chromium (Cr3+) and tri-picolinic acid, also known as chromium picolinate, containing 12% of pure chromium Chromax is the purest chromium picolinate on the market recognized as a quality reference. As a safe product and a source of bioavailable chromium, Chromax made the proof of its efficiency though numerous clinical studies

Chromax is the only chromium picolinate approved by the EU. Its high purity and safety testing makes it superior to other chromium products on the market.
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How Chromax makes the difference?

A pure and top-quality product for a superior safety
Chromax is made from pure compounds using proprietary manufacturing and quality control processes to produce a superior high purity product. Some other chromium products on the market actually contain less than 70% pure chromium picolinate.

The National Toxicology Program (USA) conducted safety studies, using purified chromium picolinate, which confirmed the long-term high dose safety of the pure chromium picolinate compound. (Rhodes et al, 2004, Stout et al, 2009)

The safety studies were repeated and resulted in clear demonstration of the safety of Chromax. (See Gudi et al, 2005; Slesinski et al, 2005).

Designed for consumers

How Chromax makes the difference?

A pure and top-quality product for a superior safety
Chromax is the only chromium picolinate currently on the market to benefit from a positive opinion issued by the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority)
http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/biotechnology/novelfood/index_en.htm

Chromax chromium picolinate have the benefit of knowing that this is the form of chromium picolinate used as a standard for approval and is also the product used in safety and efficacy studies submitted to Regulatory authorities When purchasing Chromax chromium picolinate, the industry is assured of using chromium picolinate that meets and exceeds the EU standards Customers are better protected from lower quality products claiming to be high purity chromium picolinate since compound purity testing is required

Chromax is the quality reference on the market and insured a high safety contrary other products

Designed for consumers

Chromax:

A safe and effective solution you can rely upon

Superior chromium bioavailability and efficacy
The bioavailability of Chromax has been clinically demonstrated as significantly better compared to other sources of chromium Consumers now have a higher confidence that Chromax matches the high quality standards used in the efficacy studies performed over the last 15 years Chromax approach contributed to raise mineral compounds global quality standards for inclusion in dietary supplements and functional foods Chromax has been clinically demonstrated as a safe and effective product in over 15 published studies.

On the weight management market, consumers are often eager to find more reliable solutions . Indeed, they often need to choose between safety or efficacy : When they choose Chromax, consumers are ensured have both a safe and efficient weight management solution.
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Scientific evidence

Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

More than 15 clinical studies on over 1 800 volunteers

Chromax: increased chromium bioavailability

2 scientific studies on chromium concentration in urine 1 scientific study on chromium concentration in tissues

Chromax: carbohydrate metabolism regulation

More than 15 clinical studies on insulin sensitivity and glycemia regulation

Chromax: weight management promotion

4 clinical studies on weight and fat mass loss 1 clinical study on satiety 1 clinical study on carbohydrate craving

Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Increased chromium bioavailability

1. Stability and absorption of chromium. Anderson et al., 2004.

Volunteers: 6 mixed volunteers Duration: 48h Dosage: 200 g/day of pure chromium under the form of chromium nicotinate, chromium chloride or chromium picolinate (Chromax, 1.6 mg/day)

2. Comparison of acute absorption of chromium supplements. DiSilvestro and Dy, 2007.

Volunteers: 12 women Duration: 24h Dosage: 200 g/day of pure chromium, under the form of chromium polynicotinate, chromium nicotinateglycinate, chromium chloride or chromium picolinate (Chromax, 1.6 mg/day)

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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Increased chromium bioavailability

1. Stability and absorption of chromium. Anderson et al., 2004.

2500

2. Comparison of acute absorption of chromium supplements. DiSilvestro and Dy, 2007.

600
% increase of urinary chromium after 24h

* p<0.05

Urinary chromium (ng/day)

2000

500 400 300 200 100 0

* p<0.05

1500

1000

500

0 Basal loss Chromium nicotinate 1 Chromium chloride Chromium picolinate

Chromium polynicotinate

% increase of urinary chromium after 24h chloride Chromium nicotinate-glycinate Chromium

Chromax

Chromax is significantly more abundant in urine than chromium nicotinate and chromium chloride, which indirectly shows that chromium picolinate is more absorbed
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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Increased chromium bioavailability
3. Dietary chromium effects on tissue chromium concentrations and chromium absorption in rats. Anderson et al., 1996.
ng/mg dry weight Subjects: 55 male Wistar rats Duration: 3 weeks Dosage: 5 g/g of diet/day of pure chromium, under the form of chromium chloride, chromium nicotinate or chromium picolinate (Chromax, 0.04 mg/g of diet/day) Chromax is significantly more concentrated in liver, muscle and heart than chromium nicotinate and chromium chloride
50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Liver Control CrCl Muscle CrNic CrPic Heart

These studies demonstrate a significant difference in chromium bioavailability between Chromax and other sources of chromium

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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Carbohydrate metabolism regulation

Enhancement in Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Volunteers following supplementation with Chromium Picolinate. Morris et al, 1998
Volunteers: 6 healthy subjects Duration: 10 weeks Dosage: 1.6 mg/day of Chromax, equivalent to 200 g/day of pure chromium Results: Significant increase of fasting levels of plasma chromium during the 5 first weeks Fasting Blood glucose levels tends to decrease during the supplementation

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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Carbohydrate metabolism regulation

Enhancement in Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Volunteers following supplementation with Chromium Picolinate. Morris et al, 1998
3.0

Insulin Resistance (HOMA)

2.5

*
2.0

* ** ** ** ** **

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0
PreCr 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Off 1 Off 2

Weeks

Chromax significantly reduces Insulin-Resistance at the dosage of 1.6 mg/day Chromax Significantly decrease fasting Insulin at the dosage of 1.6 mg/day
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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Carbohydrate metabolism regulation

Others studies on insulin sensitivity and glycemia regulation.

At the dosage of 200g of pure chromium per day, 5 clinical studies showed very significant results:
Study Lucidi, 2005 Ghosh, 2002 Anderson, 1997 Ravina, 1995 Evans, 1989
(1) dosage
(2) (3)

Volunteers 10 with PCOS(3) 50 type 2 diabetics with medication 180 type 2 diabetics with medication 162 type 1 and 2 diabetics with med. 11 type 2 diabetics with medication

Duration 4 months 3 months 4 months

Dosage(1) 1.6 mg (200 g) 1.6 mg (200 g) 1.6 mg (200 g) and 8.3 mg (1000 g)

Results glucose tolerance glycated hemoglobin(2) (*p<0.05) fasting glycemia (***p<0.001) glycated hemoglobin(2) (*p<0.05) fasting glycemia (*p<0.05) insulin production (*p<0.05) insulin sensitivity (***p<0.001) glycated hemoglobin(2) (*p<0.05)

3 months 1.5 month

1.6 mg (200 g) 1.6 mg (200 g)

of Chromax / day (equivalent dosage of pure chromium / day) glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the reference biological marker for glycemia monitoring in diabetic patients PCOS = polycystic ovary syndrome, which is strongly correlated with insulin resistance and diabetes

In other dosages, more than 15 studies were conducted on Chromax to prove this effect.
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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Carbohydrate metabolism regulation Chromax potentiates insulin function for a clinical proven action on carbohydrate metabolism Chromax enhances the activity of insulin receptors on cells membranes and thus increases insulin sensitivity and glucose storage in muscle cells Chromax, by promoting healthy blood sugar metabolism, reduces the storage of fat and contributes to healthy weight management

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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Weight management promotion/ Fat mass loss

Chromium Picolinate and Body composition.

Evans et al, 1989: 2 separate studies
STUDY 1
Volunteers: 10 healthy men Activity: weight lifting program, 2 periods/week Duration: 40 days Dosage: 1.6 mg/day of Chromax, equivalent to 200 g/day of chromium Results: Significantly increase of lean body mass (p=0.019) Increase of body weight was due essentially to increase in lean body mass
Change in Lean Body Mass
1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 CrPic

STUDY 2
Volunteers: 31 football players Activity: weight-training 1 hour/day Duration: 6 weeks Dosage: 1.6 mg/day of Chromax, equivalent to 200 g/day of chromium Results: Significantly increase of lean body mass (p=0.031) Significant decrease in the total fat (p=0.001)

kg

Placebo 1 Treatm ent

***
*p<0.05 ***p<0.005

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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Weight management promotion / Fat mass loss

2. Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition. Kaats et al., 1998.

Volunteers: 154 mixed volunteers Inclusion criteria: overweight or obese (mean BMI = 30) Duration: 72 days Dosage: 1.6 to 3.3 mg/day of Chromax, equivalent to 200 to 400 g/day of pure chromium

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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Weight management promotion/Fat mass loss

2. Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition. Kaats et al., 1998.

Weight loss (kg) 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 Fat mass loss (kg) Lean mass loss (kg) Fat mass loss (% body weight) BCI (kg)

**

***

*
Placebo

* *** ***
1.6 mg/day of Chromax 3.3 mg/day of Chromax

* p<0.05 ** p<0.01 *** p<0.005

BCI (Body Composition Index) = net difference between lean mass gain and fat mass loss

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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Weight management promotion/Fat mass loss

2. Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition. Kaats et al., 1998.

Trend of body mass loss at 1.6 mg/day of Chromax Significant fat mass loss from 1.6 mg/day of Chromax No significant lean mass loss Significant decrease of fat mass proportion from 1.6 mg/day of Chromax Significant improvement of body composition index from 1.6 mg/day of Chromax

Chromax shows significant results on weight and fat mass loss while preserving lean mass, from the dosage of 2 mg/day
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Weight management promotion/ Satiety

3. Effects of chromium picolinate satiety. Anton et al., 2008.
400
Food intake reduction (kcal)

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Scientific evidence

on food intake and

After 1 week After 8 weeks

Volunteers: 42 women Inclusion criteria: BMI 25-40, reporting intense carb craving Duration: 8 weeks Dosage: 8.3 mg/day of equivalent to 1 000 g/day of pure chromium Chromax,

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Placebo Chromax

Chromax significantly reduces food intake at the dosage of 8.3 mg/day

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Chromax:

Weight management promotion/ Carbohydrate craving

Clinically proven efficacy

Scientific evidence

4. Exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: effect on carbohydrate craving. Docherty et al., 2005.
0 2 weeks 4 weeks 6 weeks 8 weeks

Volunteers: 75 mixed volunteers Inclusion criteria: experiencing atypical depression Duration: 8 weeks Dosage: 5 mg/day of Chromax, equivalent to 600 g/day of pure chromium

1.5
Score

0.5 0 Hunger Carb craving

Chromax significantly decreases hunger and carb craving from the dosage of 5 mg/day
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Scientific evidence

Chromax: Clinically proven efficacy

Conclusions
Chromax has greater absorption of chromium and increased bioavailability in scientifically validated studies that have been approved by regulatory authorities worldwide
Chromax as chromium picolinate is among the most bioavailable forms of chromium (The EFSA Journal (2009) 1113, 1-41)

Chromax has clinically proven efficacy on the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism at the dosage of 2 mg/day Chromax is a safe and effective ingredient for success in your weight management products

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Regulatory status

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Regulatory status

Is Chromax authorized for use?

A clear and well-defined regulatory status

A food grade ingredient

USA: Authorized for use in food supplements Authorized for use in functional bars and beverages (GRAS status) Europe*: Authorized for use in foodstuffs for particular nutritional uses and foods intended for the general population (including food supplement) (The EFSA Journal 2010;8(12):1882)
* Recommended dosage according to the current national regulations

Asia: Authorized for use in food supplements in most countries: Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Authorized for use in functional foods in most countries: Indonesia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, 25

Regulatory status

Is Chromax authorized for use?

A clear and well-defined regulatory status

A health claim authorization

FDA approval for a qualified health claim regarding the reduction of risk of insulin resistance and type II diabete

A clear label
Suggested labeling: Chromium picolinate ( Picolinate de chrome )

Chromax benefits from our regulatory expertise. Please feel free to contact us for further information.

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Technological data

Technological data

Chromax - Purity
Analytical comparison of marketed chromium compounds Chromium #1 (multiple compounds) Chromax
(pure chromium picolinate)

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Technological data

How can Chromax be used?

A flexible ingredient

Chromax is a fine and homogeneous powder. It is red colored, water-soluble and pH-stable. Thanks to its high density and to its low dosage (2 mg/day), Chromax can easily be implemented into various matrices: Food supplements: tablets, capsules, softgels, gums, Functional foods: bars, dairies, chocolate, beverages, Several applications have already been tested by Ingredia Nutritional. Please feel free to contact us for further information.

Chromax is a ready-to-use ingredient that will make the difference in your food supplement or functional food
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How can Chromax be used?

Recommended dosage
In coherence with WHO (World Health Organisation) and EFSA conclusions, Ingredia Nutritional recommends a dosage of 2 mg/day of Chromax, which is equivalent to 240 g/day of pure chromium

The WHO and EFSA concluded that pure chromium is completly safe up to 250 g/day and validated Chromax complete safety

For consumer, only 2 mg/day of Chromax will provide you with all the benefits of chromium without any concern for safety

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Marketing potential

Marketing potential

Chromax: Successful in applications

One bioactive for multiple applications!
Chromax shot A Newly-Approved Safe Ingredient for Effective Weight
Management. Chromax is the first chromium picolinate that meets the high
quality standards required in the EU. Chromax potentiates insulin function for a clinically proven action on carbohydrate metabolism and weight management

Glycemia optimize Helps you control blood sugar level.

Chromax acts on the moderation of the glycemic answer and have an activating action on insulin. With Glycemia optimize, you can go eating the food you like without thinking of consequences

Fit&Slim Speedup your metabolism. FIT&SLIM is a drink designed for

people wishing, in addition to regular physical activity, to manage their weight and get slim. Chromax stimulates fat elimination and enables to develop a firm, fit and slim body.

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Chromax: Successful in applications

One bioactive for multiple applications!
Eat Less Helps you reach a healthy diet naturally. Eat less is an original
formulation composed of specific high-end chromium picolinate: Chromax. It has a double action both on physical satiety and on hormonal signals. This delicious beverage allows you to experience satiety and reduce your food intake, in order to reach you the silhouette of your dreams.

Stop snacking Control food craving for a successfull diet Snacking is the
first cause of failure during long-time diet. Thanks to its exclusive ingredient Chromax, which act on the carbohydrate metabolism, Stop snacking will help you get the strength to resist temptation and achieve a successful diet.

Chromax BMR (Body Mass Reduction) Your partner for an athletic

body With Chromax, lose your fat mass while preserving your muscular one.
Coupled with an intense physical activity, Chromax BMR will help you get rid of excess body fat without sacrificing your muscles.

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Conclusion

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Conclusion

Why choose Chromax?

The most effective at the best price
The purest and the safest chromium picolinate on the market of the chrome products Clinically proven efficacy on carbohydrate metabolism regulation, increased bioavailability, and weight management Chromax is the quality reference and has high safety compared to other products

Chromax

Easy implementation in dietary supplements and food matrices

Chromax established its proof of efficacy though numerous clinical studies

The best value for money of the market!

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Conclusion

References
Anderson, R.A. ; Bryden, N.A. ; Polansky, M.M. ; Gautschi, K. (1996). Dietary chromium effects on tissue chromium concentrations and chromium absorption in rats. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine ; 9 ; 11-15. Anderson, R.A. ; Cheng, N. ; Bryden, N.A. ; Polansky, M.M. ; Chi, J. ; Feng, J. (1997). Elevated intakes of supplemental chromium improve glucose and insulin variables in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes ; 46 ; 1786-1791. Anderson, R.A. ; Polansky, M.M. ; Bryden, N.A. (2004). Stability and absorption of chromium and absorption of chromium histidinate complexes by humans. Biological Trace Element Research ; 101 ; 211-218. Anton, S.D. ; Morrison, C.D. ; Cefalu, W.T. ; Martin, C.K. ; Coulon, S. ; Geiselman, P. ; Han, H. ; White, C.L. ; Williamson, D.A. (2008). Effects of chromium picolinate on food intake and satiety. Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics ; 10(5) ; 405-412. Bahadori, B. ; Wallner, S. ; Hacker, C. ; Boes, U. ; Komorowski, J.R. ; Wascher, T.C. (1999). Effects of chromium picolinate on insulin levels and glucose control in obese patients with type-II diabetes mellitus. Diabetes ; 48 ; A349. Cefalu, W.T. ; Bell-Farrow, A.D. ; Stegner, J. ; Wang, Z.Q. ; King, T. ; Morgan, T. ; Terry, J.G. (1999). Effect of chromium tripicolinate on insulin sensitivity in vivo. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine ; 12 ; 71-83.

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Conclusion

References
Cheng, N. ; Zhu, X. ; Shi, H. ; Wu, W. ; Jiamin, C. ; Jianying, C. ; Anderson, R.A. (1999). Followup survey of people in China with type 2 diabetes mellitus consuming supplemental chromium. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine ; 12 ; 55-60. DiSilvestro R.A. ; Dy, E. (2007). Comparison of acute absorption of commercially available chromium supplements. The Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology ; 21 ; 120-124. Docherty, J.P. ; Sack, D.A. ; Roffman, M. ; Finch, M. ; Komorowski, J.R. (2005). A double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: effect on carbohydrate craving. Journal of Psychiatric Pratice ; 11(5) ; 302-314. Evans, G.W. (1989). The effect of chromium picolinate on insulin controlled parameters in humans. Int. J. Biosocial. Med. Res. ; 11 ; 163-180. Feng, J ; Lin, D. ; Zheng, A. ; Cheng, N. (2002). Chromium picolinate reduces insulin requirement in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes ; 51 ; A469. Ghosh, D. ; Bhattacharya, B. ; Mukherjee, B. ; Manna, B. ; Sinha, M. ; Chowdhury, J. ; Chowdhury, S. (2002). Role of chromium supplementation in Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J. Nutr. Biochem. ; 13 ; 690-697. Jovanovic-Peterson, L. ; Gutlerrez, M. ; Peterson, C.M. (1999). Chromium supplementation for women with gestational diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine ; 12 ; 91-97. 37

Conclusion

References
Kaats, G.R. ; Blum, K. ; Fisher, J.A. ; Adelman, J.A. (1998). Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study. Current Therapeutic Research ; 57(10) ; 747-756. Lucidi, R.S. ; Thyer, A.C. ; Easton, C.A. ; Holden, A.E.C. ; Schenken, R.S. ; Brzyski, R.G. (2005). Effect of chromium supplementation on insulin resistance and ovarian and menstrual cyclicity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil. Steril. ; 84 ; 1755-1757. Lydic, M.L. ; McNurlan, M. ; Bembo, S. ; Mitchell, L. ; Komaroff, E. ; Gelato, M. (2006). Chromium picolinate improves insulin sensitivity in obese subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil. Steril. ; 86 ; 243-246. Martin, J. ; Wang, Z.Q. ; Zhang, X.H. ; Wachtel, D. ; Volaufova, J. ; Matthews, D.E. ; Cefalu, W.T. (2006). Chromium picolinate supplementation attenuates body weight gain and increases insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care ; 29(8) ; 1826-1832. Morris, B.W. ; Kouta, S. ; Robinson, R. ; MacNeil, S. ; Heller, S. (2000). Chromium supplementation improves insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet. Med. ; 17 ; 684-685. Rabinovitz, H. ; Leibovitz, A. ; Madar, Z. ; Gabai, G. ; Habot, B. (2000). Blood glucose and lipid levels following chromium supplementation in diabetic elderly patients on a rehabilitation program. Gerontologist ; 40.

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Conclusion

References
Ravina, A. ; Slezak, L. ; Rubal, A. ; Mirsky, N. (1995). Clinical use of the trace element chromium (III) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine ; 8 ; 183-190. Ravina, A. ; Slezak, L. ; Mirsky, N. ; Bryden, N.A. ; Anderson, R.A. (1999). Reversal of corticosteroid-induced diabetes mellitus with supplemental chromium. Diabet. Med. ; 16 ; 164-167. Vrtovec, M. ; Vrtovec, B. ; Briski, A. ; Kocijancic, A. ; Anderson, R.A. ; Radovancevic, B. (2005). Chromium supplementation shortens QTc interval duration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. American Heart Journal ; 149(4) ; 632-636. Wang, Z.Q. ; Qin, J. ; Martin, J. ; Zhang, X.H. ; Sereda, O. ; Anderson, R.A. ; Pinsonat, P. ; Cefalu, W.T. (2007). Phenotype of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus may determine clinical response to chromium supplementation. Metabolism ; 56 ; 1652-1655.

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Thank you for your attention!

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