Creativity and Innovation KeyNote Address

Dr.
Nalin Sharda, IEEE Education Society Distinguished Lecturer, KeyNote Address: IEEE Student Professional Awareness Conference, December 3-5, 2010, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh. Guest Lecture at IIT Kharagpur on Dec 6th, 2010, and IEEE-Lovely Professional University Official launch , 30th Jan 2011.
Creativity and Innovation:

The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing
by Dr. Nalin Sharda
Victoria University
Melbourne, Australia
Keynote Address IEEE Student Professional Awareness Conferences(S-PAC) & Alumni Fest-2010 Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Bangladesh
Summary
Creativity and Innovation are the keys to continued advancement of human societies and their wellbeing. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have assumed a key role in the advancement of all societies today. Engendering the spirit of creativity and innovation is more important than ever before as internationalisation of industry and education takes hold; however, social structures, structures and educational paradigms used in most countries work against the spirit of innovation. Chris Stevens defines creativity as the ability to generate and use insight. To some extent everyone is capable of being creative; however, most people do not exploit their full creative potential, as they do not have a clear process to guide and sustain the flow of their creative juices. Joyce Wycoff says that innovation is a mental extreme sport; therefore, like all good sports persons, innovators need to train their body, mind and spirit to do it well. Wycoff adds that innovation requires pulling unrelated things together; thus, to innovate, one must have a wide range of interests, as a corollary narrow focused programs and courses hinder innovation. In this seminar we will see how creativity and innovation can be embedded in as an educational paradigm, and in particular for Information Technology education.
Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing
Dr. Nalin Sharda, IEEE Education Society Distinguished Lecturer, KeyNote Address: IEEE Student Professional Awareness Conference, December 3-5, 2010, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh. Guest Lecture at IIT Kharagpur on Dec 6th, 2010, and IEEE-Lovely Professional University Official launch , 30th Jan 2011.
Presenter
Prof. Nalin Sharda gained B.Tech. and Ph.D. degrees from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi. Presently he teaches and leads research in innovative and creative Multimedia and Internet Communications at the School of Computer Science and y Mathematics, Victoria University, Australia. Dr. Sharda publications include the Multimedia Information Networking textbook, and around 100 papers and handbook chapters. Nalin has innovated Movement Oriented Design (MOD) paradigm for the creation of effective multimedia content based experience, and applied it to e-Learning and other applications. Nalin is leading projects for the Australian Sustainable Tourism CRC, to develop e-Tourism using Semantic Web technologies, and innovative visualisation methodologies. Nalin has been invited to present lectures and seminars in the Distinguished Lecturer series of the European Unions Prolearn program. He has presented over fifty seminars, lectures, and Key Note addresses in Austria, Australia, Finland, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Japan, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, UAE, and USA. For further details visit http://sci.vu.edu.au/~nalin/
Outline
What is
Creativity Innovation
Why do we innovate Invention vs. Innovation Innovation Models and Theories How:
To inculcate innovation To create innovative courses
Creativity / Innovation
Creativity and innovation are widely used terms However, their meaning is not always clear At times, different people use them differently
What is Creativity
Chris Stevens defines creativity as
the ability to generate and use insight
To some extent
everyone is capable of being creative
However
most people do not exploit their full creative potential
They do not have

a clear model to guide and sustain the flow of their creative juices j
Ref: C.D. Stevens, Coming to Insight, Eventually. Screenhub, March, 2007. http://www.screenhub.com.au/news/
What is Creativity
Creativity is sought everywhere:
in the arts, in entertainment, in business, in mathematics, in engineering, in medicine, in the social sciences, in the physical sciences.
C Common elements i creativity are l t in ti it

originality and imagination.
Creativity carries feelings of

wide ranging freedom to design and to invent and to dream.
But in engineering and science

creativity is useful only if it fits into the realities of the physical world.
Creativity helps Innovation

Ref: Martin L. Perl: KeyNote, VIPS!-2007 Tokyo, June, 2007 Martin L. Perl: Stanford Linear, Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Winner of The Nobel Prize in Physics 1995
7
Helping Creativity
Six factors that enhance creative potential:
1. Perspiration: Work consistently with creative absorption
and intrinsic motivation, without burning.
2. Egolessness: Lose self and to minimize self concern

and ego issues within ones creative work. d i ithi ti k
3. Modulating Two Types of Consciousness:

a) Tighter mode calculative, analytical and predictive thought; b) The looser mode meditative, figurative and divergent thought.
4. Emotional Capabilities: Resilience, persistence,

tolerance of ambiguity and intuition.
5. Abstractive Play: Developing skills in generating

abstract thought, particularly analogy and metaphor.
6. 6 Social Factors: Pivotal role of mentors colleagues, mentors, colleagues

managers / bosses and a field of practitioners.
Ref: C.D. Stevens, Coming to Insight, Eventually. Screenhub, March, 2007. http://www.screenhub.com.au/news/
What is Innovation
Innovation implies
improvement to something that already exists;
Improvements can be applied to

a product a production process a business product, process, model, and even a course.
Joyce Wycoff says

innovation is a mental extreme sport; therefore, like all good sports persons, innovators need to train their body, mind and spirit to do it well.
Innovation requires
pulling unrelated things together; thus, to innovate, innovate one must have a wide range of interests; and, as a corollary, narrow focused work and educational courses hinder innovation.
KeyNote Address: International Conference on Embedded Systems, August 3-5, 2007, PESIT, Bangalore, India
Why do we innovate
Need is the Mother of Invention Competition is Father of Innovation C Cross-fertilisation is an innovation f accelerator The Innovation Equation
Innovation = (Need x Competition) Cross-fertilisation
10
Invention vs. Innovation

Invention
new concepts or products derived from new p p ideas or from scientific research
Innovation
commercialization of the invention
To commercialize an invention
find a target customer application market
Ref: http://innovationzen.com/blog/2006/07/26/invention-vsinnovation/
11
Invention ==> Innovation

1947 AT&T laboratories created the first transistor
patented the invention but failed to develop innovations 1952 licensed out the transistor for $ 25 000 to Texas transistor, 25,000, Instruments, Sony and IBM produced billions of revenues in later years
Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) Developed

personal computer (years before Apple or IBM) graphical monitor word processing software workstation laser printer local area network Mouse, and many more ... Yet it failed to profit from such inventions.
Transistor inventors William Shockley (seated), John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain.
Ref:http://innovationzen.com/blog/2006/07/26/invention-vs-innovation/ 12
Innovation Models and Theories

13
Innovation and Schumpeters Theories Incremental vs. Radical Innovation Henderson - Clark Model S-Curve The Teece Model Abernathy - Utterback Model Disruptive Innovation
Ref: http://innovationzen.com/blog/category/innovation-theory/
Sustaining vs. Disruptive Innovation

Sustaining innovation
May not result in the closure of established companies Improves performance of existing products for parameters that the customers values
Disruptive innovation
Cheaper, simpler (at times with inferior quality) compared to existing product (s) Some marginal or new customer segment values it. g g
http://innovationzen.com/blog/2006/10/04/disruptiveinnovation/
14
Sustaining vs. Disruptive Innovation

Some examples of disruptive innovations:
telephone (disrupted the telegraph) semiconductors (disrupted vacuum tubes) steamships (disrupted sailing ships)
15
Incremental vs. Radical Innovation

Two dimensions separate incremental from radical innovation: First - internal dimension, knowledge and resources
Incremental innovation builds upon existing knowledge and resources competence-enhancing. d t h i Radical innovation requires completely new knowledge and/or resources, therefore, competence-destroying.
Second - external dimension based on the technological market competitiveness

Incremental innovation involves modest technological changes
Existing products remain competitive
A radical innovation involves large technological advancements

Renders existing products non-competitive and obsolete.
http://innovationzen.com/blog/2006/08/04/innovation-management-theory-part-2/
16
How: To inculcate innovation

To inculcate innovation we need:
Innovation Models Processes that support innovation Environment that encourages innovation
Celebrates innovation
17
The Innovation Funnel model

Gener rate 1000s of ideas f Res search 1 10s Eva aluate 100s
Prototype 5-7 Test 2-3 Launch 1
Light
Resources Needed
Heavy
Create a large number of ideas (1000s) Evaluated some (100s) of these Fewer (10s) then be researched ( ) Prototype for just a few ideas, test even fewer To be able to launch but one product Creating new ideas needs few resources; as we move to the right heavier investment in resources is required
18
Innovative Courses
To train innovative workforce we need: Innovative courses
That have innovative content Delivered with innovative pedagogy And encourage innovation (not regurgitation)
19
Innovative courses
Innovative Program Architecture (IPA)
Actions Q1 <-Theme 1: CREATIVITY-> Q2 Q3 Q4 Course Examples < Four Quarters >
Explore Learn Connect
E1 L1 C1
E2 L2 C2
E3 L3 C3
E4 L4 C4
Explore and use innovation processes. Programming, Database, Networks, Web Services. Game Design, Digital Movies, Drama, Health Informatics, Sports, Tourism. Projects, Prototype, Learning in workplace. workplace Take this idea for further testing and development in the industry.
Apply
A1 Generate lots of ideas
A2 Evaluate some options
A3 Research promising ideas
A4 Prototype one idea
Innovate using the Innovation Funnel
<-Theme 2: INNOVATION->
20
10
How: To create innovative courses

Explore:
Expose students to new fields such as a creativity and innovation. Show how people have created innovative solutions in the past
Learn:
Understand Learning Styles, and new ways of learning. Learn from diverse application areas. Around 25% of courses should be from diverse disciplines, e.g. Arts, Law, Business, even Sports.
Connect:
Building conceptual links between different domains is the key to innovation; even linking old ideas to new technology provide opportunities for innovation.
Apply:
Apply the understanding to generate new ideas Traverse the Innovation Funnel from the beginning to the end Create an innovative product
21
M.Sc. in Interactive Digital Media

A New Generation Computing Course Incorporating Creativity and Innovation
Actions Q1 Explore Creativity and Innovation Mobile Computing Wireless Communications Game Design Animation Design <-Theme 1: CREATIVITY-> Q2 Innovation Workshops Web Services Web 2.0 Systems e-Health Film Studies Q3 Computing Innovation History Interaction Design Usability Studies Q4 Recent ICT Innovations Semantic Web Course Examples < Four Quarters > Explore and use innovation processes. Programming, Database, Networks, Web Services. Game Design, Digital Movies, Drama, Health Informatics, Sports, Tourism. Projects, Prototype, Learning in workplace. Take this idea for further testing and development in the industry.
Learn
Connect
e-Tourism Drama Studies
e-Learning Business Studies
Apply
Project Planning Project Design Technical Writing Generate lots of ideas
Prototype Building
Usability Testing
Project Completion + Industry Presentation P t ti Prototype one idea
Innovate using the Innovation Funnel
Evaluate some options
Research promising ideas
<-Theme 2: INNOVATION->
22
11
Conclusions
Creativity and Innovation are the keys to advancement and social wellbeing Systematic models and p y processes should be used to enhance innovation The Innovation Equation:
Innovation = (Need x Competition) Cross-fertilisation
Creativity and Innovation can be taught New education models should encourage innovation using
Innovative content o at e co te t Innovative delivery Inculcating the spirit of innovation
23
Thank you
Any Questions Please
24
12

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Dr.

Creativity and Innovation:

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

They do not have

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

C Common elements i creativity are l t in ti it

Creativity carries feelings of

But in engineering and science

Creativity helps Innovation

2. Egolessness: Lose self and to minimize self concern

3. Modulating Two Types of Consciousness:

4. Emotional Capabilities: Resilience, persistence,

5. Abstractive Play: Developing skills in generating

6. 6 Social Factors: Pivotal role of mentors colleagues, mentors, colleagues

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

Improvements can be applied to

Joyce Wycoff says

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

Invention vs. Innovation

Invention ==> Innovation

Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) Developed

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

Innovation Models and Theories

Sustaining vs. Disruptive Innovation

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

Sustaining vs. Disruptive Innovation

Incremental vs. Radical Innovation

Second - external dimension based on the technological market competitiveness

A radical innovation involves large technological advancements

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

How: To inculcate innovation

The Innovation Funnel model

Prototype 5-7 Test 2-3 Launch 1

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

Explore Learn Connect

A1 Generate lots of ideas

A2 Evaluate some options

A3 Research promising ideas

A4 Prototype one idea

Innovate using the Innovation Funnel

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

How: To create innovative courses

M.Sc. in Interactive Digital Media

e-Tourism Drama Studies

e-Learning Business Studies

Project Planning Project Design Technical Writing Generate lots of ideas

Project Completion + Industry Presentation P t ti Prototype one idea

Innovate using the Innovation Funnel

Evaluate some options

Research promising ideas

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

Creativity and Innovation: The Key to Advancement and Social Wellbeing

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