History of nursing in india In 1857 the India Mutiny turned Miss Nightingales interest to the health of the Army

in India. It was for this purpose the Royal Commission was appointed in 1859. In 1868, a sanitary department was established. In March 1888, ten qualified British nurses arrived in India to look after the British Army in India. In 1905, during the British rule in India, missionary nurses arrived as members of Missionary Medical Association. This was the very start of formalized nursing service in India. Gradually, the increasing need of adequately trained nurses led to creation of South India Examining Board in 1911 and the North India Examining Board in 1912. It was the mission hospital Nursing leaders who laid the foundation of systematic Nursing education in India. However, the mid India Board of Examination was started in 1934. But this was not regulated for registration. State-wise councils started developing from 1935 onwards. Indian Nursing Council (INC) Act was passed by the Parliament in 1947. The Nursing Council upgraded the educational requirements which permitted only matriculated candidates to seek admission to the schools. Now, India has State-wise registration councils in 19 states. ( TNAI yearbook 2000-2001). The Central Government granted an approval to the Bhore Committee's (1946) recommendations by starting two colleges of Nursing in Delhi (1946) and Vellore (1947). This provided university degree level courses. With the efforts of Professor S. Radhakrishnan (the then Chairman of University Education Commission), Nursing education in the country was integrated into the system of higher education. In 1963, the School of Nursing in Trivandrum, instituted the first two years post certificate Bachelor Degree program. Over decades, there has been an improvement in the availability of nursing education in India. B.Sc nursing programmes. Undergraduate nursing program is broad based education within the academic framework specifically directed to the development of critical thinking skills, competencies and standards required for practice of professional nursing and midwifery as envisaged in National Health Policy 2002 Objectives:  Prepare graduates to assume responsibilities as professional competent nurse and midwives in providing promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services.  Prepare nurses who can make independent decisions in nursing situations  Protects the rights of individuals and groups  Conduct and apply research studies in the area of nursing  Work as an efficient teacher supervisor and manager in clinical as well as public health settings Requirements: B. Sc.Basic: Age min.of 17 years on or before 31st dec of the year of admission Eligibility criteria:10+2 pass with 45% aggregate in PCBE Training duration: 4 years Examination: university Registration: RN and RM Candidate should be medically fit B. Sc post basic: Eligibility criteria:10+2 +GNM

Distance:10+2+GNM+2 yr exp Training duration: 2 years Distance: 3 yrs Examination: university Registration: additional qualification Selection: shall be based on merit in entrance examination held by competent authority GUIDELINES TO START B.Sc. COURSE y Any organization under the Central Government, State Government, Local body or a Private or Public Trust, Mission, Voluntary registered under Society Registration Act or a Company registered under companys act wishes to open a School/College of Nursing, should obtain the No Objection/Essentiality certificate from the State government. y The Indian Nursing council on receipt of the proposal from the Institution to start nursing College, will undertake the first inspection to assess suitability with regard to physical infrastructure, clinical facility and teaching faculty in order to give permission to start the programme. y After the receipt of the permission to start the nursing programme from Indian Nursing Council, the institution shall obtain the approval from the State Nursing Council and University. y Institution will admit the students only after taking approval of State Nursing Council and University. y The Indian Nursing Council will conduct inspection every year till the first batch completes the programme. Permission will be given year by year till the first batch completes. First Inspection First Inspection is conducted on receipt of the proposal received from the institute to start any nursing program prescribed by Indian Nursing Council. The proposal should have the following requisite documents: 1. Application form The requisite annexure for School of Nursing: 1. Permission letter by State Government/Essentiality certificate of the respective State Government, duly attested by notary. 2. Duly attested Registration Certificate of Society or Trust Deed 3. A bank draft for Rs. 25,000/- towards first inspection fee for School of Nursing in favour of Secretary, Indian Nursing Council, New Delhi (ANM, GNM, Post Basic Diploma Course). 4. Proposal for starting School of Nursing, which includes in detail teaching, clinical & physical facility including budget. The requisite annexure for College of Nursing: 1. Permission letter by State Government/Essentiality certificate of the respective State Government. 2. Consent letter from the University. 3. Duly attested Registration Certificate of Society or Trust Deed 4. A bank draft for Rs. 50,000/- towards first inspection fee for College of Nursing

in favour of Secretary, Indian Nursing Council, New Delhi {P.B.B.Sc.(N), B.Sc.(N), M.Sc.(N), M. Phil(N), Ph.D(N)} 5. Proposal for starting College of Nursing, which includes in detail teaching, clinical & physical facility including budget. Re Inspection Re-inspections are conducted for those institutions, which are found unsuitable by Indian Nursing Council. The institutions and the government are informed about the deficiencies and advised to improve upon them. Once the institution takes necessary steps to rectify the deficiencies, institution should submit the compliance report with documentary proof of the deficiencies pointed out and re-inspection fees. On receipt of the Compliance report & fees from the institution it will be considered for re-inspection. Periodic Inspection Indian Nursing Council conducts periodical (after 3 years) inspection of the institution once the institution is found suitable by Indian Nursing Council to monitor the standard of nursing education and the adherence of the norms prescribed by INC. Institution are required to pay annual affiliation fees every year. However, if the institution does not comply to the norms prescribed by Indian Nursing Council for teaching, clinical & physical facilities, the institution will be declared unsuitable. Enhancement of Seats Indian Nursing Council will conduct inspection after one year from the last inspection conducted subject to the condition that the students are admitted. Proposal of enhancement of seats will be considered only from those institutions who are found suitable by Indian Nursing Council. Indian Nursing Council will conduct inspection on above guidelines and on receipt of the fees and the proposal for Enhancement of seats.
y

If the institution is recognized for B.Sc. (N) programme by INC, then the institution will be exempted from NOC/Essentiality certificate for P.B.B.Sc. (N) programe from the State Government.

The Indian Nursing council on receipt of the proposal from the Institution to start nursing program, will undertake the first inspection to assess suitability with regard to physical infrastructure, clinical facility and teaching faculty in order to give permission to start the programme.

S. No. 1. 2.

Teaching Block

Area (Figures in Sq feet) 4 @ 1080 = 4320 1500 900

Lecture Hall (i) Nursing foundation lab (ii) CHN

(iii) Nutrition

900

(iv) OBG and Paediatrics lab

900

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

Pre-clinical science lab Computer Lab Multipurpose Hall Common Room (Male & Female) Staff Room Principal Room Vice Principal Room Library A.V. Aids Room One room for each Head of Departments Faculty Room Provisions for Toilets Total

900 1500 3000 2000 1000 300 200 2400 600 800

13. 14.

2400 1000 23720 Sqr. Ft.

S. No. 1.

Hostel Block Single Room Double Room

Area (Figures in Sq feet)

24000

2.

Sanitary

One latrine & One Bath room (for 5 students) - 500 500

3.

Visitor Room

4. 5.

Reading Room Store

250 500

6. 7.

Recreation Room Dining Hall

500 3000

8. Total

Kitchen & Store

1500 30750 Sqr. Ft.

Proportionately the size of the built-up area will increase according to the number of students admitted. y College of nursing can share laboratories, if they are in same campus under same name and under same trust, that is the institution is one but offering different nursing programmes. However they should have equipments and articles proportionate to the strength of admission. And the class rooms should be available as per the requirement stipulated by Indian Nursing Council of each programme Clinical Facilities
y

College of nursing should have a 120-150 bedded Parent/Affiliated Hospital for 40 annual intake in each programme: y Distribution of beds in different areas o Medical - 30 ,Surgical - 30 ,Obst. & Gynecology - 30 ,Pediatrics 20,Ortho - 10 y Bed Occupancy of the Hospital should be minimum 75%. y The size of the Hospital/Nursing Home for affiliation should not be less than 50 beds. y Other Specialties/Facilities for clinical experience required are as follows:

Major OT, Minor OT, Dental ,Eye/ENT ,Burns and Plastic ,Neonatology with Nursery ,Communicable disease ,Community Health Nursing,Cardiology ,Oncology ,Neurology/Neuro-surgery ,Nephrology etc. ,ICU/ICCU Affiliation of psychiatric hospital should be of minimum 30-50 beds. The Nursing Staffing norms in the affiliated Hospital should be as per the INC norms. The affiliated Hospital should give student status to the candidates of the nursing programme. Affiliated hospitals should be in the radius of 15-30 kms. 1:3 student patient ratio to be maintained. If the institution is having both GNM and B.Sc(N) programme, it would require 240 bedded parent/affiliated hospital for 40 annual intake in each programme to maintain 1:3 student patient ratio. Teaching facilities Post and Qualification & Experience Professor-cum-Principal Masters Degree in Nursing 14 years experience after M.Sc. (N) in college of Nursing. 3 years experience in administration (Years of experience is relaxable if suitable candidate is not available) (If a candidate is not available, minimum 5 years of experience in college of nursing with an aggregate of 14 years teaching experience) Desirable: Independent published work of high standard/doctorate degee/M.Phil. 2 Professor-cumVice Principal Masters Degree in Nursing 14 years experience after M.Sc. (N) in college of Nursing 3 years experience in administration (years of experience is relax able if suitable candidate is not available) (If a candidate is not available, minimum 5 years of experience in college of nursing, with an aggregate of 14 years teaching experience) Desirable: Independent published work of high standard/doctorate degree/M.Phil. 3 Reader/Associate Professor Master Degree in nursing 10 years experience after M.Sc. (N) in a college of Nursing. (If a candidate is not available, 5 years of experience in College of Nursing with an aggregates of 10 years teaching experience. Desirable: Independent published work of high standard/doctorate degree/M.Phil. 4 Lecturer Master Degree in Nursing. 3 years teaching experience after M.Sc. (N) 5 Tutor/Clinical Instructor Master Degree in Nursing OR B.Sc. (N) Degree (5) years experience after B.Sc. (N) No. of faculty needed B.Sc. basic degree course
o

Annual Intake y Professor-cum-Principal y Professor-cum-Vice Principal y Reader/Associate Professor

25-50 1 1 1

51-100 1 1 2

y y y y

Lecturer 5 Tutor/Clinical Instructor 14 Total 22 Teacher Student Ratio= 1:10 B.Sc. post basic course

10 28 42

Annual Intake Min-30 y y y y Professor-cum-Principal Professor-cum-Vice Principal Reader/Associate Professor Lecturer y Total Teacher Student Ratio= B.SC. basic and post basic courses: Annual Intake B.Sc. Nursing (Basic) 50 or less B.Sc. Nursing (Post Basic) 30 or less y y y y y y y Professor-cum-Principal Professor-cum-VicePrincipal Reader/Associate Professor Lecturer Tutor/Clinical Instructor Total Teacher Student Ratio= 1 1 2 6 18 28 1:10 1:10 1 1 1 5 8 Max-50 1 1 3 7 12

Revised Basic B.Sc. (Nursing) Syllabus: Implemented from 2005-2006 in all Universities. The revised syllabus will prepare its graduates to become exemplary citizen by adhering to code of ethics and professional conduct at all times in fulfilling personal, social and professional obligations so as to respond to national aspirations The revised syllabus incorporated

following components Internship added New subjects included New format of syllabus evolved in order to facilitate teachers and to have uniform standard of education in the country First year subject Theory in Practical hrs in hrs English 60 anatomy 60 Physiology 60 Nutrition 60 Biochemistry 30 Nursing 265+200 450 foundation Psychology 60 Microbiology 60 Introduction 45 to computers Hindi or 30 regional language Library or 50 self study Co-curricular 50 activities total 930 450 100 Second year Subject Theory practical sociology 60 pharmacology 45 Pathology and 30 genetics Med surg nursg 210 720 1 CHN-1 90 135 Commn and 60+30 educatn technology Lib/self study 50 Co curricular 35 activitiese Total hours 540 855 85

Third year Med surg nrsg2 Child health nursg Mental health nursing Midwifery and obs nursing Lib/self study Co curricular activities total Forth year Midwifery and obs nursing CHN2 Nursg research and statistics Nursg management Total 120 90 90 90 270 270 270 180 50 50 390 990 100

180 90 45 60+30 225 315 135

Internship: It means 8 hrs of integrated clinical duties in which 2 weeks of evening and night shift duties are included internship should be carried out as 8 hrs/day @ 48hrs/week. Students should be superwised by nursing teachers during intership. 4th year exams should be carried out after internship Scheme of examinations: The candidate must have 80%attendance before appearing in exam 100% attendance must complete in all clinical areas before award of degree Minimum pass mark shall be 50% in each theory and practical separately 40% for English only A candidate has to pass separately in theory and practical in each paper If a candidate fails in theory/practical he/she has to appear for both the papers Maximum no. of attempts permitted for each paper is 3 including 1st attempt A candidate failed in 2 subjects willnot be promoted to next year

The max period to complete the course should not exceed 8 years All practical exams are conducted in respective clinical areas Max. no of candidates for practical exam should not exceed 20/day One internal and one external jointly conduct exam for each student An examiner should be lecture or above in a college of nursing with M Sc in concerned subject with min 3 years of teaching experience
. COURSES OF STUDY (old syllabus) Sr. No. Subject Total Hours of instruction Supervised Nursing Practice

FIRST YEAR 1. English 75

2.

Anatomy Physiology & Biochemistry Fundamentals of Nursing Nutrition

75 105

3.

4.

210

300

5.

60

6.

Introduction to 75 Community Health including Family Welfare Psychology 90

45

7.

8. TOTAL

Microbiology

60

750 + SECOND YEAR

345 =1095

1.

Language

45

2.

Sociology

60

3.

Community Health Nursing-I MedicalSurgical Nursing-I

75

105

4.

270

600

TOTAL

450 +

705 =1155

THIRD YEAR 1. Maternity and 45 Gynecological Nursing Child Nursing Health 75 150

2.

240

3.

Medical Surgical 75 Nursing-II Mental Nursing Principles Methods Teaching Health 75

210

4.

240

5.

and 45 of 315 + FOURTH YEAR

15

TOTAL

855 = 1170

1.

Midwifery Nursing

60

300

2.

Community 60 Health NursingII Trends Issues Nursing including Nursing Research and 45 in

450

3.

4.

Introduction principles Of administration Nursing

to 60

240

Service and Education 5. Elective 30

6.

255 +

990=1245

COMPETENCIES On completion of the four year B.Sc. Nursing program the graduate will be able to: 1. Apply knowledge from physical, biological, and behavioural sciences, medicine including alternative systems and nursing in providing nursing care to individuals, families and communities. 2. Demonstrate understanding of life style and other factors, which affect health of individuals and groups. 3. Provide nursing care based on steps of nursing process in collaboration with the individuals and groups. 4. Demonstrate critical thinking skill in making decisions in all situations in order to provide quality care. 5. Utilize the latest trends and technology in providing health care. 6. Provide promotive, preventive and restorative health services in line with the national health policies and programmes. 7. Practice within the framework of code of ethics and professional conduct, and acceptable standards of practice within the legal boundaries. 8. Communicate effectively with individuals and groups, and members of the health team in order to promote effective interpersonal relationships and teamwork. 9. Demonstrate skills in teaching to individuals and groups in clinical/community health settings. 10. Participate effectively as members of the health team in health care delivery system. 11. Demonstrate leadership and managerial skills in clinical/ community health settings. 12. Conduct need based research studies in various settings and utilize the research findings to improve the quality of care. 13. Demonstrate awareness, interest and contribute towards advancement of self and of the profession Revised Post Basic B.Sc. syllabus implemented from 2005-2006 in all Universities.

Undergraduate nursing program at post basic level is a broad based education with the academic framework, which builds upon the skills and competencies acquired at the diploma level. It is specifically directed to the upgrading of critical thinking skills, competencies and standards of in-service nurses for practice of professional nursing and midwifery. This revision of syllabus is in tune with National health policy 2002 for training of graduated nurses vis a vis diploma nurses B. Sc. NURSING (POST BASIC) DEGREE COURSES revised syllabus

Placement First Year Subject 1. Nursing Foundation 2. Nutrition 3. Biochemistry 4. Microbiology 5. Psychology 6. Sociologya 7. Material Nursing including Gynecological Nursing 8. Child Health Nursing 9. Medical Surgical Nursing including Pharmacology 10. English 11. Computer Sciencea

No. of Hours Theory 50 30 30 40 30 30 90 60 90 30 20 500

Practical 10 10

320 240 470 30 1100

Second Year 1. Community Health Nursing 2. Mental Health Nursing 3. Advanced Medical Surgical Nursing 4. Nursing Education 5. Nursing administration 6. Nursing Research & Statistics

60 60 60 60 60 45 345

240 240 215 160 240 160 1255

COMPETENCIES On completion of B.Sc. Nursing (Post-Basic) degree programme the graduates will be able to: 1. Assess health status, identify nursing needs, plan, implement and evaluate nursing care for patients/clients that contribute to health of individuals, families and communities. 2. Demonstrate competency in techniques of nursing based on concepts and principles from selected areas of nursing, physical, biological and behavioral sciences. 3. Participate as members of health team in the promotive, preventive, curative and restorative health care delivery system of the country. 4. Demonstrate skills in communication and interpersonal relationship. 5. Demonstrate leadership qualities and decision-making abilities in various situations. 6. Demonstrate skills in teaching to individuals and groups in community health settings. 7. Demonstrate managerial skills in community health settings. 8. Practice ethical values in their personal and professional life. 9. Participate in research activities and utilize research findings in improving nursing practice. 10. Recognize the need for continued learning for their personal and professional development. References : http://www.indian nursingcouncil.org/ http://www.peopletree.co.in/history.htm http://www.google.com http://nursingplanet.com http://globalshiksha.com