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HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language A markup language is a set of markup tags HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages
HTML Tags
HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags
HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like <html> HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b> The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags
HTML documents describe web pages HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text HTML documents are also called web pages
The purpose of a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Firefox) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page: <html> <title>Example</title> <body> <h1>My First Heading</h1> <p>My first paragraph</p> </body> </html>
The text between <html> and </html> describes the web page The text between <title> and </title> is shown on the title bar The text between <body> and </body> is the visible page content
The text between <h1> and </h1> is displayed as a heading The text between <p> and </p> is displayed as a paragraph
big (text) <big>Example</big> body of <body>The content of your HTML HTML page</body> document The contents of your page<br>The contents line break of your page center <center>This will center your contents</center>
Example
Contents of your web page The contents of your web page The contents of your web page This will center your contents Definition Term Definition of the term Definition Term Definition of the term Definition Term Definition of the term Definition Term Definition of the term Definition Term Definition of the term Definition Term Definition of the term This is an Example of using the emphasis tag
<br>
<center>
<dd>
<dl> <dt>Definition Term</dt> definition <dd>Definition of the term</dd> descriptio <dt>Definition Term</dt> n <dd>Definition of the term</dd> </dl> <dl> <dt>Definition Term</dt> definition <dd>Definition of the term</dd> list <dt>Definition Term</dt> <dd>Definition of the term</dd> </dl> <dl> <dt>Definition Term</dt> definition <dd>Definition of the term</dd> term <dt>Definition Term</dt> <dd>Definition of the term</dd> </dl> emphasis embed object This is an <em>Example</em> of using the emphasis tag <embed src="yourfile.mid" width="100%" height="60" align="center">
<dl>
<dt>
<em> <embed>
<embed>
embed object
<bgsound src="wonderfu.mid" autostart="false" loop="1"> Music will begin playing when your page is loaded and will only play one time. A control panel will be displayed to enable your visitors to stop the music. Example
<font face="Times New Roman">Example</font> <font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Example</font> <font face="Times New Roman" size="+3" color="#ff0000">Example</font> <form action="mailto:you@yourdomain.com"> Name: <input name="Name" value="" size="10"><br> Email: <input name="Email" value="" size="10"><br> <center><input type="submit"></center> </form>
Example
Example
Name: Email:
Submit
<form>
form
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 2 3 4 5 6
<head>
heading <head>Contains elements describing the of HTML document</head> document horizonta <hr /> l rule horizonta <hr width="50%" size="3" /> l rule horizonta <hr width="50%" size="3" noshade /> l rule horizonta <hr width="75%" color="#ff0000" size="4" l rule /> horizonta <hr width="25%" color="#6699ff" size="6"
<hr>
Contents of your web page Contents of your web page Contents of your web page Contents of your web page Contents of your web page Contents of your web page Contents of your web page Contents of your web page Contents of your web page
<hr>
(Internet Explorer)
l rule
<html>
<html> <head> <meta> hypertext <title>Title of your web page</title> markup </head> language <body>HTML web page contents </body> </html> italic image <i>Example</i> <img src="Earth.gif" width="41" height="41" border="0" alt="text describing the image" /> Example 1: input field <form method=post action="/cgibin/example.cgi"> <input type="text" size="10" maxlength="30"> <input type="Submit" value="Submit"> </form> Example 2:
<i> <img>
Example
Example 1:
Submit
<input>
input field
<form method=post action="/cgiExample 2 bin/example.cgi"> <input type="text" style="color: #ffffff; fontSubmit family: Verdana; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12px; background-color: #72a4d2;" size="10" maxlength="30"> <input type="Submit" value="Submit"> </form> Example 3: <form method=post action="/cgibin/example.cgi"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#8463ff"><input type="text" size="10" maxlength="30"></td><td bgcolor="#8463ff" valign="Middle"> <input type="image" name="submit" src="yourimage.gif"></td></tr> </table> </form> Example 4: <form method=post action="/cgibin/example.cgi"> Enter Your Comments:<br> <textarea wrap="virtual" name="Comments" rows=3 cols=20 maxlength=100></textarea><br> <input type="Submit" value="Submit"> <input type="Reset" value="Clear"> </form> Example 4:
Example 3:
<input>
input field
<input>
input field
Submit
Clear
Example 5: <form method=post action="/cgibin/example.cgi"> <center> Select an option: <select> <option >option 1</option> <option selected>option 2</option> <option>option 3</option> <option>option 4</option> <option>option 5</option> <option>option 6</option> </select><br> <input type="Submit" value="Submit"></center> </form> Example 6: Example 6: <form method=post action="/cgibin/example.cgi"> Select an option: Select an option:<br> <input type="radio" name="option"> Option Option 1 1 <input type="radio" name="option" checked> Option 2 Option 2 Option 3 <input type="radio" name="option"> Option 3 Select an option: <br> <br> Selection 1 Select an option:<br> <input type="checkbox" name="selection"> Selection 2 Selection 1 <input type="checkbox" name="selection" Selection 3 checked> Selection 2 Submit <input type="checkbox" name="selection"> Selection 3 <input type="Submit" value="Submit"> </form> Example 1: <menu> <li type="disc">List item 1</li> <li type="circle">List item 2</li> <li type="square">List item 3</li> </MENU> <li> list item Example 2: <ol type="i"> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> <li>List item 3</li> <li>List item 4</li> </ol> <link> link <head> Example 1:
<input>
input field
<input>
input field
Example 2: i. ii. iii. iv. List List List List item item item item 1 2 3 4
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" /> </head> <marquee > scrolling (Internet text Explorer) <marquee bgcolor="#cccccc" loop="-1" scrollamount="2" width="100%">Example Marquee</marquee> <menu> <li type="disc">List item 1</li> <li type="circle">List item 2</li> <li type="square">List item 3</li> </menu>
<menu>
menu
<meta>
meta
<meta name="Description" content="Description of your site"> Nothing will show <meta name="keywords" content="keywords describing your site"> <meta HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="4;URL=http://www.yourdomain.co Nothing will show m/"> <meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="nocache"> <meta name="rating" content="General"> <meta name="robots" content="all"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,follow"> Numbered <ol> <li>List <li>List <li>List <li>List </ol> item item item item 1</li> 2</li> 3</li> 4</li> Nothing will show Nothing will show Nothing will show Nothing will show Numbered 1. 2. 3. 4. List List List List item item item item 1 2 3 4
Numbered Special Start 5. 6. 7. 8. List List List List item item item item 1 2 3 4
Numbered Special Start <ol start="5"> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> <li>List item 3</li> <li>List item 4</li> </ol> Lowercase Letters <ol type="a"> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> <li>List item 3</li> <li>List item 4</li> </ol>
<ol>
ordered list
Lowercase Letters a. b. c. d. List List List List item item item item 1 2 3 4
Capital Letters <ol type="A"> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> <li>List item 3</li> <li>List item 4</li> </ol> Capital Letters Special Start <ol type="A" start="3"> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> <li>List item 3</li> <li>List item 4</li> </ol> Lowercase Roman Numerals <ol type="i"> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> <li>List item 3</li> <li>List item 4</li> </ol> Capital Roman Numerals <ol type="I"> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> <li>List item 3</li> <li>List item 4</li> </ol> Capital Roman Numerals Special Start <ol type="I" start="7"> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> <li>List item 3</li> <li>List item 4</li> </ol> <form method=post action="/cgibin/example.cgi"> <center> Select an option: <select> <option>option 1</option> <option selected>option 2</option> <option>option 3</option> <option>option 4</option> <option>option 5</option> <option>option 6</option> </select><br>
D. List item 4 Capital Letters Special Start C. D. E. F. List List List List item item item item 1 2 3 4
Lowercase Roman Numerals i. ii. iii. iv. List List List List item item item item 1 2 3 4
Capital Roman Numerals I. II. III. IV. List List List List item item item item 1 2 3 4
Capital Roman Numerals Special Start VII. VIII. IX. X. List List List List item item item item 1 2 3 4
<option>
listbox option
Select an option:
option 2
</center> </form> This is an example displaying the use of the paragraph tag. <p> This will create a line break and a space between lines. Attributes: Example 1:<br> <br> <p align="left"> This is an example<br> displaying the use<br> of the paragraph tag.<br> <br> Example 2:<br> <br> <p align="right"> This is an example<br> displaying the use<br> of the paragraph tag.<br> <br> Example 3:<br> <br> <p align="center"> This is an example<br> displaying the use<br> of the paragraph tag. <small>Example</small> <strike>Example</strike> This is an example displaying the use of the paragraph tag. This will create a line break and a space between lines. Attributes: Example 1: This is an example displaying the use of the paragraph tag. Example 2: This is an example displaying the use of the paragraph tag. Example 3: This is an example displaying the use of the paragraph tag.
Example
<p>
paragrap h
Example Example
strong <strong>Example</strong> emphasis Example 1: <table border="4" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%"> <tr> <td>Column 1</td> <td>Column 2</td> </tr> </table>
<table>
table
Example 2: (Internet Explorer) <table border="2" bordercolor="#336699" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%"> <tr> <td>Column 1</td> <td>Column 2</td> </tr> </table>
Example 3: <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%"> <tr> <td bgcolor="#cccccc">Column 1</td> <td bgcolor="#cccccc">Column 2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Row 2</td> <td>Row 2</td> </tr> </table> <table border="2" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%"> <tr> table data <td>Column 1</td> <td>Column 2</td> </tr> </table> <div align="center"> <table> <tr> <th>Column 1</th> <th>Column 2</th> <th>Column 3</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Row 2</td> <td>Row 2</td> <td>Row 2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Row 3</td> <td>Row 3</td> <td>Row 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Row 4</td> <td>Row 4</td> <td>Row 4</td> </tr> </table> </div>
<td>
Column 1
Column 2
<th>
table header
Column Column Column 1 2 3 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4
<title>
document <title>Title of your HTML page</title> title <table border="2" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%"> <tr> table row <td>Column 1</td> <td>Column 2</td> </tr> </table> teletype <tt>Example</tt> underline <u>Example</u>
<tr>
Column 1
Column 2
<tt> <u>
Example
Example
<ul>
unordere d list
Example 1:<br> <br> <ul> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> </ul> <br> Example 2:<br> <ul type="disc"> <li>List item 1</li> <li>List item 2</li> <ul type="circle"> <li>List item 3</li> <li>List item 4</li> </ul> </ul>
Example 1:
Example 2:
>