MAE 155A Aerospace Engineering Design I Winter 2010 Homework #2A (Aircraft Design) DUE DATE: Thursday, 28 JAN

2010

Problem #1: The NACA 65(216)-415 airfoil (Raymer, page 792) is being considered for design of an executive jet. The wing area is 600 ft2 and approximate cruise weight is 20,000 lb. Assume the aspect ratio is large enough that the wing aerodynamic characteristics can be approximated by the airfoil section characteristics. (a) What will be the wing angle-of-attack if the airplane cruises at M = 0.4 and altitude = 20,000 ft? (b) What is the (no flaps) stall speed at sea level?

Problem #2: The (recently retired) Lockheed S-3 performs the same mission as the ASW design example considered in class. Create a performance constraint plot, T/W versus W/S, that considers the following stall speed and rate-of-climb requirements: stall speed < 97 nmi/hr at sea level rate-of-climb > 5,120 ft/min at sea level, with airspeed of 350 nmi/hr Compare the performance constraint lines to the actual S-3 design: (TSSL/WTO) = 0.46, WTO/S = 67 lb/ft2. Assume: slotted flap, ! = W/WTO = 0.9, " = T/TSSL = 1.0

(Marcin Zielinski, wikipedia.org)

Problem #3:

Concept Sketching

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) held an Industry Day conference on 14 JAN 2010 to discuss a potential new research program called Transformer (TX). You are to create concept sketches for Transformer TX based upon the following description published by DARPA: "The objective of the Transformer (TX) program is to demonstrate a 1 to 4 person transportation vehicle that can drive and fly, thus enabling the warfighter to avoid water, difficult terrain, and road obstructions as well as IED and ambush threats. The vehicle will be capable of driving on prepared surface and light off-road conditions, while flight functionality will require Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL). In addition, range and speed efficiencies will allow for tactically relevant missions to be performed on a single tank of fuel. The ability to provide the warfighter a platform that enables terrain-independent mobility would significantly affect how distributed operations are performed today. Current transport systems present operational limitations where the warfighter is either anchored to the ground with HMMWVs and thus vulnerable to ambush, or reliant on helicopters, which are limited in flight speed and availability. TX provides the flexibility to adapt to traditional and asymmetric threats by providing the operator unimpeded movement over difficult terrain. In addition, transportation is no longer restricted to trafficable terrain that tends to makes movement predictable. The TX vehicle also allows the warfighter to approach targets from directions opportune to them and not the enemy." (DARPA-SN-10-14) Discuss, in terms of wing loading and thrust-to-weight ratio, how your design can achieve sustained flight. # = vertical angle between thrust axis and velocity vector W = Tsin(#) + L L = lift = qSCL (W/S)[1.0 - (T/W)sin(#)] = qCL

Performance Constraint Plot

stall S-3 climb rate

Thrust-to-Weight

Wing Loading (lb/ft/ft)

Synchropter SUV

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