DRUG DOSAGE MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATIO SIDE EFEECTS NURSING

ACTION N RESPONSIBILITI
ES
1. • Adults and Cefuroxime, like As for the other Cefuroxime for Allergic
CEFUROXIME teenagers—750 the penicillins, is a cephalosporins, Injection USP and reaction:
mg to 3 grams beta-lactam although as a second- Dextrose Injection
Brand Name: every six to eight antibiotic. By generation it is less USP is hives; difficulty
hours usually for binding to specific susceptible to Beta- contraindicated in breathing;
Ecocef 5 to 14 days, penicillin-binding lactamase and so patients with swelling of
(750mg IV) injected into a proteins (PBPs) may have greater known allergy to your face, lips,
(Xeno muscle or vein. located inside the activity against the cephalosporin tongue, or
Pharmaceutic Gonorrhea is bacterial cell wall, Haemophilus group of throat.
als), treated with a it inhibits the third influenzae, Neisseria antibiotics.
Philippines single dose of and last stage of gonorrhoeae and Solutions Serious Side
1.5 grams, bacterial cell wall Lyme disease. containing dextrose effects:
injected into a synthesis. Cell lysis may be diarrhea that is
muscle; the total is then mediated contraindicated in watery or
1.5-gram dose is by bacterial cell patients with bloody; fever,
divided into two wall autolytic hypersensitivity to sore throat,
doses and enzymes such as corn products. and headache
injected into autolysins; it is with a severe
muscles at two possible that blistering,
separate places cefuroxime peeling, and
on the body, and interferes with an red skin rash;
given along with autolysin inhibitor. seizure (black-
a single, oral 1- out or
gram dose of convulsions);
probenecid. or jaundice
• Infants and (yellowing of
children 1 month the eyes or
of age and older skin).
—12.5 to 150 mg
per kg (5.68 to Less Serious
68 mg per Side Effects:
pound) of body nausea,
weight every six vomiting,
to eight hours, diarrhea,
injected into a stomach pain;
muscle or vein. headache,
• Newborns—30 to dizziness;
100 mg per kg fussiness or
 (13.6 to 45.5 mg
per pound) of crying (in
body weight children);
every eight to sleep problems
twelve hours, (insomnia); or
injected into a vaginal itching
vein. or discharge.

2. ADULTS : Aminoglycosides For treatment of Hypersensitivity to

GENTAMICIN 1. Serious infections : 5 irreversibly bind to serious infections Gentamicin or to Serious Side
mg/kg daily in equally specific 30S- caused by susceptible other Effects:
divided doses every 6-8 subunit proteins strains of the aminoglycosides. An allergic
Brand Name: hours. and 16S rRNA. following Because of reaction:
Alcomicin 2. Other systemic infections Specifically, microorganisms: P. ototoxicity and (shortness of
: 80 mg every 8 hours for 7- gentamicin binds aeruginosa, Proteus nephrotoxic breath; closing
Apogen 10 days. to four nucleotides species (indole- hazards of of the throat;
3. Urinary tract infections : of the 16S rRNA positive and indole- extended hives; swelling
As for systemic infections or and one amino negative), E. coli, administration, of the lips,
Bristagen if renal function is not acid in protein S12. Klebsiella- Gentamicin, like face, or
impaired,160 mg once daily. This interferes with Enterobactor-Serratia other tongue; rash;
G-Mycin decoding near species, Citrobacter aminoglycoside or fainting);
CHILDREN: (1-12 Years) 2 nucleotide 1400 in species and antibiotics is little or no
G-Myticin mg/kg every 8 hours. 16S rRNA of the Staphylococcus generally not urine;
30S subunit, species (coagulase- indicated in long decreased
Garamycin INFANTS: (Birth-12 months) interfering with the positive and term therapy. hearing or
3 mg/kg every 12 hours. formation of an coagulase-negative). ringing in the
Garamycin initiation complex, ears; dizziness,
causing clumsiness, or
misreading of unsteadiness;
mRNA so that numbness,
incorrect amino skin tingling,
acids are inserted muscle
into the twitching, or
polypeptide seizures; or
leading to severe watery
nonfunctional or diarrhea and
toxic peptides and abdominal
the breakup of cramps.
polysomes into
nonfunctional
 monosomes.

Less Serious
Side Effects:
increased
thirst; loss of
appetite;
nausea or
vomiting; a
rash.
3. AMPICILLIN Tablets: 250mg; 500mg. Belonging to the Ampicillin is closely The use of Allergic
penicillin group of related to amoxicillin, Ampicillin is reaction:
Brand Name: Oral suspension: 100 beta-lactam another type of contraindicated in
Omnipen; mg/mL; 125 mg/5mL; 250 antibiotics, penicillin, and both individuals with a hives; difficulty
Polycillin; mg/5mL. ampicillin is able to are used to treat history of in breathing;
Principen penetrate Gram- urinary tract hypersensitivity swelling of
positive and some infections, otitis reactions your face, lips,
Gram-negative media, uncomplicated to any of the tongue, or
bacteria. It differs community-acquired penicillins. throat.
from penicillin only pneumonia,
by the presence of Haemophilus Serious Side
an amino group. influenzae, effects:
That amino group salmonellosis and
helps the drug Listeria meningitis. It fever, sore
penetrate the is used with throat, and
outer membrane flucloxacillin in the headache with
of gram-negative combination antibiotic a severe
bacteria. Ampicillin co-fluampicil for blistering,
acts as a empiric treatment of peeling, and
competitive cellulitis; providing red skin rash;
inhibitor of the cover against Group A diarrhea that is
enzyme streptococcal watery or
transpeptidase. infection whilst the bloody; fever,
Transpeptidase is flucloxacillin acts chills, body
needed by bacteria against the aches, flu
to make their cell Staphylococcus symptoms;
walls.[1] It inhibits aureus bacterium. Of easy bruising
the third and final concern is the or bleeding,
stage of bacterial number of bacteria unusual
cell wall synthesis, that become resistant weakness;
 which ultimately to Ampicillin
leads to cell lysis. necessitating urinating less
combination therapy than usual or
or use of other not at all;
antibiotics. agitation,
confusion,
unusual
All Pseudomonas and
thoughts or
most strains of
behaviour; or
Klebsiella and
seizure (black-
Aerobacter are
out or
considered
convulsions).
resistant.[2]
Less Serious
Side Effects:
nausea,
vomiting,
stomach pain;
vaginal itching
or discharge;
headache;
swollen, black,
or "hairy"
tongue; or
thrush (white
patches or
inside your
mouth or
throat).
4.  For injection dosage After diffusing into Systemic Hypersensitivity to Allergic
METRONIDAZ form: the organism, metronidazole is metronidazole, reaction:
OLE interacts with DNA indicated for the nitroimidazole
 For bacterial to cause a loss of treatment of: derivatives, or any hives, difficulty
infections: helical DNA component of the in breathing,
Brand structure and • Vaginitis due formulation; swelling of
 Adults and
Name: strand breakage to Trichomonas pregnancy face, lips,
children
Flagyl resulting in vaginalis tongue, or
over 1
inhibition of (protozoal) throat.
week of
protein synthesis infection in
age—Dose
and cell death in both Serious Side
is based
susceptible effects:
 on body organisms seizures
weight. symptomatic (convulsions),
The usual patients as fever, chills,
dose is 15 well as their body aches,
mg per kg asymptomatic sore throat, flu
(6.8 mg sexual symptoms,
per pound) contacts; and numbness or
of body due to tingling in your
weight one bacterial hands or feet,
time to Gardnerella or white patches
start, then Mycoplasma or sores inside
7.5 mg per hominis your mouth or
kg (3.4 mg infection in on your lips,
per pound) symptomatic pain or burning
of body patients when you
weight • Pelvic urinate,
injected inflammatory diarrhea that is
into a vein disease in watery or
every six conjunction bloody,
hours for with other
at least antibiotics Less Serious
seven such as Side Effects:
days. ofloxacin, nausea,
 Preterm levofloxacin, or stomach pain,
infants— ceftriaxone diarrhea,
Dose is • Protozoal headache,
based on dizziness, loss
infections due
body of balance,
to Entamoeba
weight. vaginal itching
histolytica
The usual or discharge,
(Amoebic
dose is 15 dry mouth or
dysentery or
mg per kg unpleasant
Hepatic
(6.8 mg metallic taste,
abscesses),
per pound) cough,
and Giardia
of body sneezing,
lamblia
weight one runny or stuffy
(Giardiasis)
time to nose, swollen
should be
start, then or sore tongue.
treated alone
7.5 mg per or in
kg (3.4 mg conjunction
per pound) with iodoquinol
 of body or diloxanide
weight, furoate
injected • Anaerobic
into a vein, bacterial
every infections such
twelve as Bacteroides
hours fragilis, spp,
starting Fusobacterium
forty-eight spp,
hours after Clostridium
the first spp,
dose. Peptostreptoco
 Full-term ccus spp,
infants— Prevotella spp,
Dose is or any other
based on anaerobes in
body intraabdominal
weight. abscess,
The usual peritonitis,
dose is 15 empyema,
mg per kg pneumonia,
(6.8 mg aspiration
per pound) pneumonia,
of body lung abscess,
weight one diabetic foot
time to ulcer,
start, then meningitis and
7.5 mg per brain abscess,
kg (3.4 mg bone and joint
per pound) infections,
of body septicemia,
weight, endometritis,
injected tubo-ovarian
into a vein, abscess, or
every endocarditis
twelve • Pseudomembr
hours anous colitis
starting due to
twenty- Clostridium
four hours difficile
after the • Helicobacter
first dose. pylori
eradication
therapy, as
part of a multi-
drug regimen
in peptic ulcer
disease
• Prophylaxis for
those
undergoing
potentially
contaminated
colorectal
surgery and
may be
combined with
neomycin
• Acute
gingivitis and
other dental
infections (TGA
approved, non-
Food and Drug
Administration
(FDA)
approved)
• Crohn's
disease with
colonic or
perianal
involvement
(non-FDA
approved)

Topical metronidazole
is indicated for the
treatment of rosacea,
and has been used in
the treatment of
malodorous fungating
wounds.[1]
Prevention of preterm
births

Metronidazole has
also been used in
women to prevent
preterm birth
associated with
bacterial vaginosis,
amongst other risk
factors including the
presence of
cervicovaginal fetal
fibronectin (fFN). A
randomised controlled
trial demonstrated
that metronidazole
was ineffective in
preventing preterm
delivery in high-risk
pregnant women and,
conversely, the
incidence of preterm
delivery was actually
higher in women
treated with
metronidazole.[2]

Lamont has argued

that Metronidazole is
not the right antibiotic
to administer in these
circumstances and
was often
administered too late
to be of use.
Clindamycin
administered early in
the second trimester
to women who test
 positive for bacterial
vaginosis seems to be
more effective.

5. 1 to 4 g magnesium sulfate Uncertain Magnesium Sulfate Heart block,

MAGNESIUM may be given intravenously Injection, USP is serious renal Serious Side
SULFATE in 10% to 20% solution, but suitable impairment, Effects:
only with great caution; the for replacement myocardial an allergic
rate should not exceed 1.5 therapy in damage, hepatitis, reaction
mL of 10% solution or magnesium Addison's disease (shortness of
equivalent per minute deficiency, breath; closing
until relaxation is obtained. especially in acute of the throat;
hypomagnesemia hives; swelling
accompanied by signs of the lips,
of tetany similar to face, or
those tongue; rash;
observed in or fainting);
hypocalcemia. In such
cases, the heart
serum magnesium disturbances;
level is usually below breathing
the difficulties;
lower limit of normal poor reflexes;
(1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L) and confusion,
the serum calcium extreme
level is normal (4.3 to tiredness or
5.3 mEq/L) or weakness; low
elevated. body
In total parenteral temperature;
nutrition (TPN), severe
magnesium headache;
sulfate may be added fainting; rash
to the nutrient or flushing;
admixture to correct vision
or prevent problems; or
hypomagnesemia nausea or
which can arise vomiting.
during the course of
therapy.
Magnesium sulfate
injection is also
indicated
as a parenteral
anticonvulsant for the
prevention and
control of seizures
(convulsions)
in severe toxemia of
pregnancy. It
effectively
prevents and controls
the convulsions
of eclampsia without
producing deleterious
depression of the CNS
of the mother or
infant.
However, other
effective drugs are
available
for this purpose.