Better Understanding of Holy Quran

TOWARDS BETTER
UNDERSTANDING
OF THE HOLY QUR'AN
Holy Quràn Resource Paper 1
Compiled by:
Shaykh Muslim Bhanji
Published by:
Tabligh Centre of KSI Jamat - Daressalaam
1000 co p i es - Fi r st Pub l i shed Jul y 2004 / Jam ad i l A w w al 1425A H
T ab l i gh C ent r e o f
K . S. I . Jam at - D ar essal aam .
P O Bo x 233,
D ar essal aam
T anzani a
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P O Bo x 233
D ar essal aam
T anzani a
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C o m p i l ed b y:
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Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim
TOWARDS BETTER UNDERSTANDING
OF THE HOLY QURÀN
CONTENTS:
1 Int r o duct i o n. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5
2 Q ur ` an D escr i b es I t sel f . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
3 T he Ex cel l ence o f Q ur ` an acco r d i ng t o
M a'so o m een ( a. s. ) . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14
4 Q ur 'an's Po w er o f A t t r act i o n. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 23
5 Q ur ` an as a M i r acl e. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26
6 T he I l l ust r at i ve T hem es o f t he Q ur ` an. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 27
7 T he C ent r al T hem e o f t he H o l y Q ur ` an. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 28
8 M et ho d s used b y t he Q ur ` an i n T r ai ni ng H um an b ei ng. - - - - - - - - - - 31
9 Revo l ut i o nar y T r ansf o r m at i o n i n t he
So ci et y t hr o ugh t he Q ur ` an. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 33
10 Essent i al i t y o f t he st ud y o f t he Q ur ` an. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 35
11 I s Q ur ` an U nd er st and ab l e?- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 36
Int r oduct ion:
A l l p r ai se i s f o r A l l ah W ho sent d o w n t he Q ur 'an t o H i s
se r v an t an d m essen ge r Pr o p h e t M u h am m ad ( b l essi n gs o f
A l l ah b e u p o n h i m an d h i s p r o ge n y ) so t h at h e m ay b e a
w ar ner t o t he w o r l d s. Bl essi ngs b e o n Pr o p het M uham m ad
( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) w ho w as
sent as a w i t ness, and a b ear er o f go o d new s and a w ar ner ,
an d as o n e i n v i t i n g t o A l l ah b y H i s p e r m i ssi o n , an d as a
l i ght - gi vi ng t o r ch t hr o ugh Q ur an. Bl essi ngs b e o n hi s p r o geny
( A h l u l b ayt ) , f r o m w h o m A l l ah k ep t aw ay t h e u n cl e an l i n ess
and w ho m H e p ur i f i ed a t ho r o ugh p ur i f yi ng, and w ho m A l l ah
m ad e t he t r ue i nt er p r et er s o f t he Gl o r i o us Q ur an af t er t he
Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) .
Holy Qur ` a n is a complet e code of life
T he Q ur an- e- M aj i d i s t he W o r d o f A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i ed and
Ex al t e d i s H e ) as r e v e al e d t o H i s Pr o p h e t M u h am m ad
( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) f o r m an's
gui d ance. T he Q ur 'an co m p r ehend s t he co m p l et e co d e f r o m
t he A l m i ght y C r eat o r , f o r t he hum an b ei ngs t o l i ve a go o d ,
c h ast e , ab u n d an t an d r e w ar d i n g l i f e i n o b e d i e n c e t o t h e
co m m and m ent s o f A l l ah, i n t hi s l i f e and t o gai n sal vat i o n i n t he
nex t . I t i s i nd eed t he "char t o f l i f e" f o r ever y m an, and i t i s t he
"co nst i t ut i o n" o f t he K i ngd o m o f H eaven o n Ear t h.
Q u r an i s f o r m an k i n d , a " c o m p ass" i n t h e t u r b u l e n t
vo yage o f l i f e, as i t has ex p l ai ned i t sel f i n t he f o l l o w i ng ver ses:
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". . . I ndeed, t her e has come t o you l i ght and a cl ear
book f r om Al l ah; Wi t h i t Al l ah gui des hi m who wi l l
f ol l ow H i s pl easur e i nt o t he ways of saf et y and br i ngs
t hem out of ut t er dar k ness i nt o l i ght by H i s wi l l and
gui des t hem t o t he r i ght pat h."
( Sur ah A l M a` i dah 5:15- 16) .
H i st o r i cal l y, i t i s Q ur 'an w hi ch t r ansf o r m ed t he si m p l e
sh e p h e r d s an d w an d e r i n g B e d o u i n s o f A r ab i a i n t o t h e
f o und er s o f em p i r es, t he b ui l d er s o f ci t i es, t he co l l ect o r s o f
l i b r ar i es. I f a syst em o f r el i gi o us t eachi ngs i s eval uat ed b y t he
changes w hi ch i t i nt r o d uces i nt o t he w ay o f l i f e, t he cust o m s
and b el i ef s o f i t s f o l l o w er , t hen Q ur 'an as a co d e o f l i f e i s
seco nd t o no ne. I t i s no t st r ange t hen, t hat m o r e st ud i es o n
Q ur ani c t o p i cs, t r ansl at i o ns and m o r e co m m ent ar i es o f t he
H o l y Q u r ' an h ave b e e n p u b l i sh ed , t h an t h at o f an y o t h er
b o o k cl ai m ed t o b e t he D i vi ne Revel at i o n.
Wha t is Qur a n?
H o w ever , b ef o r e d eal i ng w i t h any o t her t o p i cs i n t he
Q u r an i c st u d i e s, e . g. i t s au t h e n t i c i t y as t h e w o r d o f A l l ah
( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed i s H e) , i t i s o f p ar am o unt i m p o r t ance t o
h av e a gl i m p se t o w ar d s b e t t e r u n d e r st an d i n g o f t h e b o o k
i t sel f : T he Gl o r i o us Q ur an. W hat i s Q ur an? W hat i s t hi s
b o o k ab o ut ? W hat ar e i t s co nt ent s? H o w i s i t a m i r acl e?
W hy m i l l i o ns o f b el i ever s st i l l t ak e t hi s 14 cent ur i es o l d b o o k
as t hei r so ur ce o f gui d e and sal vat i o n i n t hei r l i ves? H o w i s i t
d i f f e r e n t f r o m an y o t h e r t h o u san d s o f b o o k s p e n n e d b y
d i f f er ent aut ho r s? W hat i s so uni q ue ab o ut Q ur an? I s t he
Q ur an a b o o k o f hi st o r y, o r o f p o et r y? O r i s i t a b o o k ab o ut
sci ence and nat ur al p heno m ena? I s i t a b o o k ab o ut So ci al
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m anner s and sp i r i t ual i t y o r a b o o k ab o ut A l l ah's C r eat i o n? I s
i t a b o o k o f Law ? W hat i s i t s gener al t hem e?
I n an at t em p t t o answ er t hese q uest i o ns, t he f o l l o w i ng
n ar r at i ve s ar e p r e sen t ed , w h i ch n eed car e f u l r ef l ect i o n f o r
b et t er und er st and i ng o f t he Q ur ` an:
Qur ` a n Des cr ibes It s elf
Let us st ar t b y r ef l ect i ng up o n w hat Q ur ` an has t o say
ab o ut i t sel f .
T h e Q u r ' an i n t r o d u ce s i t sel f as t h e gu i d an ce f o r t h e
p eo p l e "H U D A N L I N N A SI " ( 2 : 1 8 5 ) ; an d t h e m an i f e st l i gh t
"N U U RA N M U BI I N A " ( 4: 174) .
A cco r d i ng t o Q ur ` an, A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed i s H e)
h as l ai d d o w n so l u t i o n o f e v e r y h u m an p r o b l e m i n t h e
Q ur ` an ver y cl ear l y. Q ur ` an says:

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"and We have r eveal ed t he Book t o you expl ai ni ng
cl ear l y ever yt hi ng; and i t i s a gui dance, mer cy and
gl ad- t i di ngs f or M usl i ms".
( 16: 89)
A l so H e has d escr i b ed t he Q ur 'an i n t hese w o r d s:
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"....... a gui dance f or mank i nd and cl ear evi dence of
gui dance and di scr i mi nat i on ( bet ween wr ong) ".
( 2:185) .
T he Q ur 'an i s, acco r d i ngl y, a gui d ance, an evi d ence, a
d i scr i m i nat i o n b et w een r i ght and w r o ng and a m ani f est l i ght
f o r t he p eo p l e t o gui d e t hem ar i ght and hel p t hem i n al l t hei r
need s. I s i t i m agi nab l e t hat i t w o ul d no t gui d e t hem ar i ght i n
i t s o w n m at t er , w hi l e i t i s t hei r m o st i m p o r t ant need ?
A gai n A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed i s H e) says:

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"And ( as f or ) t hose who st r i ve har d f or U s, We wi l l
most cer t ai nl y gui de t hem ont o O ur ways".
( 29: 69)
W h i c h st r i v i n g i s gr e a t e r t h a n t h e e n d e a v o r t o
und er st and H i s Bo o k ? A nd w hi ch w ay i s m o r e st r ai ght t han
t he Q ur 'an?
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"Lo! t hi s Q ur 'an gui des t o t hat whi ch i s most upr i ght .
And i t gi ves gl ad- t i di ng t o t he bel i ever s who do good
act i ons t hat t hey have gr eat r ewar ds".
( 17:9)
T he H o l y Q ur 'an i s a b o o k w hi ch b y so und r easo ni ng
b est o w s i nsi ght up o n m an. I t sho w s t he r i ght p at h t o m an b y
gi v i n g t h e ac c o u n t s o f t h e Pr o p h e t s an d t h e n at i o n s. I t
m o t i v a t e s h i m t h r o u g h p a r a b l e s, e x h o r t a t i o n s a n d
ad m o ni t i o ns.
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"Such ar e some of t he st or i es of t he unseen, whi ch
We have r eveal ed unt o you, bef or e t hi s nei t her you
nor your peopl e k new t hem. So per sever e pat i ent l y,
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f or t he end i s f or t hose who ar e r i ght eous".
( 11: 49)
T h e Q u r ' a n d e sc r i b e s i t s o t h e r f u n c t i o n a s t h e
p r e sen t at i o n o f t h e Pr o p h e t i c m i ssi o n , w h i c h i s ai m e d at
gu i d an c e o f h u m an i t y , b y d e l i ve r i n g i t f r o m d ar k n e ss an d
l ead i ng i t t o w ar d s l i ght :

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"A Book We have sent down t o you so t hat you may
br i ng f or t h mank i nd f r om t he dar k ness i nt o t he l i ght ,
wi t h t he per mi ssi on of t hei r Lor d, t owar ds t he pat h
of t he Gl or i ous t he Pr ai sewor t hy."
( 14:1)
W h at i s t h e m e an i n g o f d ar k n e ss m e n t i o n e d i n t h e
ab o ve ayah? W i t ho ut d o ub t t he d ar k ness o f i gno r ance i s o ne
o f t he vi ces f r o m w hi ch t he Q ur 'an em anci p at es hum ani t y and
l e ad s i t t o w a r d s t h e l i gh t o f k n o w l e d g e an d w i sd o m .
H o w ever , i f m er el y i gn o r an ce w er e r egar d ed as d ar k n ess,
t hen t he p hi l o so p her s co ul d have acco m p l i shed t hi s j o b . But
t h e r e e x i st o t h e r e v i l s m o r e d an ge r o u s t h an t h e v i c e o f
i gno r ance, and t o sub d ue t hem i s b eyo nd t he p o w er o f sheer
k n o w l e d ge . A m o n g t h e m ar e t h e v i c e s o f w o r sh i p o f
m at er i al b enef i t s, ego i sm , ensl avem ent t o d esi r es, and gr eed ,
w hi ch ar e co nsi d er ed t o b e p er so nal and m o r al vi ces. So ci al
vi ces l i k e o p p r essi o n and d i scr i m i nat i o n m ani f est t he sp i r i t ual
d ar k ness o f a so ci et y. I n A r ab i c, t he w o r d zul m ( i nj ust i ce and
o p p r e ssi o n ) i s d e r i v e d f r o m t h e sam e r o o t as z u l m ah
( d ar k ness) , w hi ch sho w s t hat i nj ust i ce i s a f o r m o f so ci al and
sp i r i t ual d ar k ness. T o st r uggl e agai nst such f o r m s o f d ar k ness
i s t h e r e sp o n si b i l i t y an d m i ssi o n o f t h e Q u r ' an an d o t h er
heavenl y b o o k s. A d d r essi ng Pr o p het M usa ( ` as) , t he Q ur 'an
says:

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"And We sent M usa wi t h O ur si gns ( and t ol d hi m)
t h a t y o u m a y b r i n g f o r t h y o u r p e o p l e f r o m t h e
dar k ness i nt o t he l i ght and r emi nd t hem on t he days
of Al l ah; i ndeed i n i t t her e ar e si gns f or al l t hose who
ar e pat i ent and gr at ef ul ."
( 14:5)
T hi s d ar k ness, t hi s shad o w , i s t he d ar k ness o f Fi r 'aun's
o p p r essi o n and i nj ust i ce and t hat o f hi s cl i q ue. T he l i ght i s t he
l i ght o f j ust i ce and f r eed o m .
T he ex eget i st s o f t he Q ur 'an em p hasi ze t he p o i nt t hat
w henever t he Q ur 'an m ent i o ns d ar k ness, i t al w ays uses i t i n
t h e p l u r al f o r m al t h o u gh i t al w ays u ses l i gh t i n i t s si n gu l ar
f o r m . T hi s m eans t hat t he w o r d 'd ar k ness' i ncl ud es al l so r t s
o f d ar k ness, al l o f t he evi l w ays t hat l ead t o w ar d s d ar k ness,
an d t h at ' l i gh t ' si gn i f i e s o n e si n gl e r i gh t p at h - - t h e p at h o f
r i ght eo usness, w her eas t he w ays o f d evi at i o n and p er ver si o n
ar e m any. I n Suur at al - Baq ar ah, t he Q ur 'an says:
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" Al l a h i s t h e Pr o t ec t or of t he bel i ever s; H e b r i n gs
t hem f or t h f r om t he dar k ness i nt o t he l i ght . And t he
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unbel i ever s- - t hei r p r ot ec t or s a r e t a ghut , who br i ng
t hem f or t h f r om t he l i ght i nt o t he dar k ness, t hese ar e
t he peopl e of hel l - f i r e, unt o i t t hey wi l l dwel l f or ever ."
( 2:257)
T hus t he Q ur 'an d et er m i nes i t s go al t o b e t he b r eak i ng
o f t h e ch ai n s o f i gn o r an c e, m i sgu i d an c e, m o r al an d so ci al
co r r up t i o n and d est r uct i o n, o r i n o t her w o r d s, t o d i ssi p at e al l
so r t s o f 'd ar k ness' and t o gui d e hum ani t y i n t he d i r ect i o n o f
'j ust i ce, go o d ness and l i ght '.

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"Thi s i s a decl ar at i on f or humank i nd, a gui dance and
admoni t i on t o t hose who war d of f ( evi l ) ".
( 3:1 38)
I n o t her p l aces, t he Q ur 'an d escr i b es i t sel f as und er :
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"Thi s i s t he book ; i n i t i s gui dance f or sur e wi t hout
doubt , t o t hose who f ear Al l ah".
( 2:2)
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"They ar e i nvi t ed t o t he book of Al l ah t o set t l e t hei r
d i sp u t e, bu t t hen a p a r t y a m on g t h em go es ba c k
whi l e t hey ar e t ur ni ng away".
( 3:23)

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"We have sent down t o you ( O M uhammad) i n t r ut h
so t hat you mi ght j udge bet ween men as gui ded by
Al l a h , a n d d o n o t b e a n a d vo c a t e f o r t h o se w h o
bet r ay".
( 4:105) .

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" An d t h i s i s a b o o k w h i c h W e h a ve r evea l ed a s a
bl essi ng, so f ol l ow i t and be r i ght eous, t hat you may
r ecei ve mer cy".
( 6:155) .

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"A book r eveal ed unt o you, so t hat your hear t be not
i n any di f f i cul t y on t hat account , ( so t hat ) wi t h i t you
may war n ( t he si nf ul ) and t each t he bel i ever s".
(7:2) .

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"Thi s Q ur 'an i s not such as can be pr oduced by ot her
t ha n Al l a h, on t he c on t r a r y i t i s a c o nf i r m a t i on of
( r evel a t i o n s) t h a t w er e sen t b ef o r e i t , a n d a f u l l
expl anat i on of t he book , wher ei n t her e i s not doubt
f r om t he Lor d of t he wor l ds".
( 10: 37)

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"And We sent down t he book t o you f or t he expr ess
pur pose t hat you shoul d mak e cl ear t o t hem t hose
t hi ngs i n whi ch t hey di f f er , and so t hat i t shoul d be a
gui de and mer cy t o t hose who bel i eve".
( 16:64) .
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"We have r eveal ed f or you ( O men) a book i n whi ch
t h e r e i s a m e ssa g e f o r y o u , w i l l y o u t h e n n o t
under st and".
( 21:10) .

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"These ar e t he ver ses of t he book t hat mak e t hi ngs
cl ear ".
( 26:2) .

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"... A book whi ch We have sent down unt o you wi t h
f ul l of bl essi ngs so t hat t hey may medi t at e on i t s si gns
a n d t h a t m a n o f u n d e r st a n d i n g m a y r e c e i v e
admoni t ion".
( 38:29) .

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"Ver i l y We have r eveal ed t he book t o you i n t r ut h f or
i n st r u c t i n g m a n k i n d . H e t h a t r ec ei ves gu i d a n c e
benef i t s hi s own soul , but he t hat st r ays i nj ur es hi s
own soul , and sur el y you ar e not set upon t hem t o
ar r ange t hei r af f ai r s".
( 39:41) .
The Excellence of Qur ' a n a ccor ding t o
Ma ' s oomeen (a .s .)
N o p e n i s c ap ab l e o f d e sc r i b i n g t h e e x c e l l e n c e an d
m agn i f i c e n c e o f t h e G l o r i o u s Q u r ' an . T h i s st at e m e n t i s
ab so l ut el y co r r ect , b ecause w hi l e d escr i b i ng t he H o l y Q ur 'an,
Pr o p het M uham m ad ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s
p r o geny) hi m sel f sai d :
"The super i or i t y of t he Speech of Al l ah over ot her speeches
i s l i k e t he super i or i t y of Al l ah over H i s cr eat ur es. "
A yat ul l ah A l - M ar j a' M ar hum Sayyi d A l - K hui ( r . a. ) sai d :
"W hat can a p er so n say i n d escr i b i ng t he em i nence o f
t h e Q u r ' an an d i t s gl o r y ? W h at c an h e say t o e x p l ai n i t s
e x c e l l e n c e an d su b l i m i t y ? H o w c an a c o n t i n ge n t b e i n g
p er cei ve t he gr eat ness o f t he sp eech o f t he A b so l ut e Bei ng?
W hat can an aut ho r w r i t e ab o ut t hi s sub j ect and w hat can a
sp eak er say? C an a l i m i t ed b ei ng d escr i b e anyt hi ng t hat i s
unli m i t ed?
"I t i s suf f i ci ent gr eat ness f o r t he Q ur 'an, and suf f i ci ent
em i n e n ce an d gl o r y , t h at i t i s t h e sp e ec h o f t h e A l m i gh t y
A l l ah, and t he m i r acl e o f H i s no b l e Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah
b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) , and t hat i t s ver ses ar e t he
gu ar an t e e f o r t h e gu i d an c e o f h u m an b e i n gs i n al l t h e i r
co n c e r n s an d ci r c u m st an ce s an d at al l t i m e s. T h i s i s t h e i r
guar ant ee t o r each t he f i nal go al and t he gr eat hap p i ness no w
and l at er o n.
"I nd eed , i t i s b et t er t o hand o ver t he el uci d at i o n o f t he
ex cel l ence o f t he Q ur 'an t o t ho se co m p ar ab l e t o t he Q ur 'an.
13 14
T hey ar e Pr o p het M uham m ad ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m
and hi s p r o geny) and A H LU LBA YT . T hey ar e t he p er so ns
m o st k n o w l ed geab l e ab o u t i t s st at u s, an d t h e b e st ab l e t o
p o i nt o ut i t s l o f t y p r est i ge, and t hey ar e i t s p eer s i n ex cel l ence
and i t s asso ci at es i n gui d ance".
A b so l ut el y t r ue! Let us l eave t he M 'aso o m een ( p eace b e
up o n t hem ) t o ex p l ai n t o us t he ex cel l ence o f t he Q ur 'an as
t h ey ar e t h e t eac h e r s o f t h e Q u r ' an . A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i e d an d
Ex al t e d i s H e ) t au g h t t h e Q u r ' an t o H i s Pr o p h e t an d
ap p o i nt ed hi m as t he t eacher o f t he Bo o k :
. ,
. . ,' ' .

, ' .
'
,
'
, .
,
, ,
'
.
"The Fai t hf ul Spi r i t has descended wi t h i t upon your
hear t t hat you may be of t he war ner s, i n pl ai n Ar abi c
l anguage."
( 26:1 93- 4)

. ,
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,
'
,

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,
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"And We have r eveal ed t o you t he Remi nder t hat you
may mak e cl ear t o men what has been r eveal ed t o
t hem, and t hat hapl y t hey may r ef l ect "
( 16: 44)
,
.
'
. , .
, ,
. , , . . ,' . ,
, ,' , , '
' ,' ,' ' , .
. -
.
" . . . a n A p o st l e . . . w h o r e c i t e s t o t h e m H i s
c o m m u n i c a t i o n s a n d p u r i f i es t h em , a n d t ea c h es
t hem t he Book and t he Wi sdom."
( 62:2)
Pr o p h e t ( b l e ssi n gs o f A l l ah b e u p o n h i m an d h i s
p r o geny) d escr i b es Q ur ` an .. . . . T her ef o r e, l et us p o nd er and
r ef l ect up o n w hat t he Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m
and hi s p r o geny) , t he t eacher o f t he Q ur 'an, sai d ab o ut t he
ex cel l ence o f t he H o l y Q ur 'an. H e sai d ab o ut i t i n a ser m o n
t hus:
". . . T her ef o r e, w hen m i schi ef co m e t o co nf use yo u l i k e
t he segm ent s o f d ar k ened ni ght , t hen ho l d f ast t o t he
Q ur 'an;
as i t i s t h e i n t e r c e sso r w h o se i n t e r c e ssi o n sh al l b e
gr ant ed ;
and i t i s a cr ed i b l e ad vo cat e;
and w ho ever k eep s i t b ef o r e hi m , i t w i l l l ead hi m t o t he
Gar d en;
and w ho ever k eep s i t b ehi nd , i t w i l l d r i ve hi m t o t he
Fi r e;
and i t i s t he gui d e t hat gui d es t o t he b est p at h;
an d i t i s a b o o k i n w h i c h t h e r e i s e x p l a n a t i o n ,
p ar t i cul ar i zat i o n and r ecap i t ul at i o n;
and i t i s a d eci si ve ( w o r d ) , and no t a j o k e;
and t her e i s i n i t a m ani f est ( m eani ng) and an eso t er i c
( o ne) ;
t hus i t s ap p ar ent ( m eani ng) i s f i r m , and i t s eso t er i c ( o ne)
i s k no w l ed ge;
i t s ex t er i o r i s el egant and i t s i nt er i o r d eep ;
i t h as ( m an y ) b o u n d ar i e s, an d i t s b o u n d ar i e s h av e
( m any) b o und ar i es;
15 16
i t s w o n d e r s sh al l n o t c e ase , an d i t s ( u n e x p e c t e d )
m ar vel s shal l no t b e o l d .
T her e ar e i n i t t he l am p s o f gui d ance and t he b eaco n o f
w i sd o m , and gui d e t o k no w l ed ge f o r hi m w ho k no w s
t he at t r i b ut es.
T her ef o r e, o ne sho ul d ex t end hi s si ght ; and sho ul d l et
h i s e y e s r e ac h t h e at t r i b u t e ; so t h at o n e w h o i s i n
p er d i t i o n m ay get d el i ver ance, and o ne w ho i s ent angl ed
m ay get f r ee;
b ecause m ed i t at i o n i s t he l i f e o f t he hear t o f t he o ne
w h o se e s, as t h e o n e h av i n g a l i gh t ( e asi l y ) w al k s i n
d ar k n ess; t h er ef o r e, yo u m u st seek go o d d el i ver an ce
and ( t hat ) w i t h l i t t l e w ai t i ng".
A f t er hi s d eat h, t he Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n
hi m and hi s p r o geny) ap p o i nt ed hi s p r o geny A hl ul b ayt t o car r y
o n t h i s w o r k af t e r h i m - t o e x p l ai n t h e t r u e m e an i n g o f
Q u r ' an t o t h e p e o p l e . I t i s c l e ar f r o m h i s u n an i m o u sl y
accep t ed t r ad i t i o n:
"I am l eavi ng behi nd am ong you t wo pr eci ous t hi ngs; as
l ong as you hol d f ast t o t hem you wi l l never go ast r ay af t er
m e : T h e Bo o k o f Al l a h a n d m y p r o g e n y , m y f a m i l y
m em ber s; and t hese t wo shal l never separ at e f r om each
ot her unt i l t hey r each m e ( on) t he f ount ai n".
A nd A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed i s H e) has co nf i r m ed , i n
t h e f o l l o w i n g t w o ve r se s, t h i s d e c l ar at i o n o f t h e Pr o p h et
( b l e ssi n gs o f A l l ah b e u p o n h i m an d h i s p r o ge n y ) t h at h i s
p r o geny had t he r eal k no w l ed ge o f t he Bo o k :

. . . , ' . ,
, . ' - ' ,' .
. . .
.
'
,' ,
- .
, .
, =
,
'
,
, , .
"Al l a h on l y d esi r es t o k eep a w a y t he u nc l ea n l i n ess
f r om you, O peopl e of t he H ouse! and t o pur i f y you a
( t hor ough) pur i f yi ng."
( 33:33)

'
,
, , ,
'
,
, .
' =
, ,' .
"M ost sur el y i t i s an honour ed Q ur 'an, i n a Book t hat
i s hi dden; N one do t ouch i t save t he pur i f i ed ones."
( 56:77 - 79) .
N o w l e t u s se e w h at A h l u l b ay t h av e sai d ab o u t t h e
ex cel l ence o f Q ur 'an:
A l l am a M aj l i si i n v o l u m e 1 9 o f h i s m u l t i vo l u m e w o r k
Bi har al - A nw ar has r ep o r t ed t hat :
A l - H ar i t h al - H am ad ani r el at ed t he f o l l o w i ng:
" I en t er ed t h e m osq u e an d som e p er son s w er e i n deep
cont r over sy about som e hadi t h t r adi t i ons. I went t o 'Al i
bi n Abi Tal i b and sai d: 'Ar e you awar e t hat peopl e at t he
m osque ar e i n di sput e over hadi t h?' H e sai d, 'So t hey have
done i t ! ' I sai d, 'Yes. '
H e ( p eace b e up o n hi m ) sai d , 'I have i nd eed hear d f r o m
t he Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny)
say i n g, " T h er e sh al l b e se d i t i o n ( f i t n a) af t er m e . " ' I ask ed :
'H o w d o w e avo i d t hat ?'
H e ( t he Pr o p het , ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s
p r o geny) ) sai d : 'T he Bo o k o f A l l ah, t he Bo o k o f A l l ah.
I n i t i s t he i nf o r m at i o n ab o ut t ho se w ho w er e b ef o r e
yo u and w hat w i l l co m e af t er yo u, and i t w i l l b e t he
j ud ge am o ng yo u.
17 18

. ' , ,
, ,
.
I t i s t he f i nal deci si on and not a j est .
( 86: 13 - 14 )
I t i s t h at w h i c h n o t e v e n t h e m i gh t c o u l d f o r sak e
w i t ho ut b ei ng shat t er ed b y A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed
i s H e) .
W ho ever seek s gui d ance i n anyt hi ng o t her t han i t , A l l ah
( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed i s H e) w i l l l ead hi m ast r ay.
I t i s t he f i r m r o p e o f A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed i s H e) .

- , ,
.
I t i s t he wi se r em em br ance.
( 3:58) .
I t i s t he st r ai ght p at h.
W i t h i t , hear t s w i l l never d evi at e, no r w i l l t he t o ngues
ut t er co nf usi o n.
Scho l ar s w i l l never have t hei r f ul l o f i t ; i t w i l l no t w ear
o u t f r o m c o n st an t u se , n o r w i l l i t s w o n d e r s b e
ex haust ed .
I t i s t hat w hi ch w hen t he j i nns hear d i t , t hey co ul d no t
hel p sayi ng:

'
,
.
"We hear d a mar vel ous Q ur 'an ( r eci t at i on) ."
( 72 :1)
W ho ever ut t er s i t sp eak s t he t r ut h, w ho ever r ul es b y i t
i s j ust ; w ho ever ab i d es b y i t w i l l r ecei ve hi s j ust r ew ar d ;
and w ho ever cal l s f o r i t shal l b e gui d ed t o t he st r ai ght
p at h. Fo l l o w i t . "
Ima m ` Ali (a .s .) Des cr ibes Qur ' a n
I n ano t her p l ace, t he C o m m and er o f t he Fai t hf ul I m am
` A l i i b n A b i T al i b ( p eace b e up o n hi m ) d escr i b es t he Q ur 'an as
fo l l o w s:
"T h e n A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i ed an d Ex al t e d i s H e ) r eve al e d t o
h i m ( t h e Pr o p h et ( b l e ssi n gs o f A l l ah b e u p o n h i m an d h i s
p r o geny) ) t he Bo o k .
I t i s a l i ght w ho se r ad i ance shal l no t b e ex t i ngui shed ;
A l am p w ho se f l am e shal l no t d i e;
A n o cean w ho se d ep t h shal l no t b e f at ho m ed ;
A p at h w hi ch shal l no t l ead ast r ay;
A b l aze w ho se b r i l l i ance shal l no t b e d ar k ened ;
A cr i t er i o n w ho se evi d ence shal l no t b e sup p r essed ;
A n e l u c i d at i o n w h o se c o r n e r st o n e s sh al l n o t b e
d em o l i shed ;
A cur e w i t h w hi ch t her e i s no f ear o f ai l m ent s;
A p o w er w ho se sup p o r t er s canno t b e d ef eat ed ;
A t r ut h w ho se hel p er s w i l l no t b e f o r sak en.
T hus, i t i s t he so ur ce o f f ai t h and i t s p r o sp er i t y;
I t i s t he f o unt ai n- head o f k no w l ed ge and i t s vast ness;
T he m ead o w o f j ust i ce and i t s f l o w i ng st r eam s;
T he sup p o r t o f I sl am and i t s f o und at i o n;
T he val l eys o f t he t r ut h and i t s f i el d s;
A n o cean t hat shal l no t b e d r ai ned b y t ho se w ho d r aw
up o n i t ;
A sp r i ng t hat shal l no t b e ex haust ed b y t ho se w ho d r aw
f r o m i t ;
19 20
A w at er i n g p l ace t h at sh al l n o t b e d e p l et ed b y t h o se
w ho co m e t o i t ;
A st at i o n w ho se r o ad t he t r avel er s d o no t m i ss;
A si gnp o st w hi ch t he w ayf ar er s w i l l al w ays see;
T he hi l l t o p s t hat canno t b e b yp assed b y t ho se w ho seek
t hem .
A l l ah ( G l o r i f i e d an d Ex al t e d i s H e ) h as m ad e i t t h e
q uencher o f t he t hi r st o f scho l ar s,
A ver nal seaso n f o r t he hear t s o f t he j ur i st s,
A d est i nat i o n f o r t he p at h o f t he r i ght eo us,
A cur e af t er w hi ch t her e i s no m al ad y,
A l i ght w hi ch d o es no t al t er nat e w i t h d ar k ness,
A r o p e w ho se k no t s ar e f i r m ,
A st r o ngho l d w ho se p eak i s i m p r egnab l e.
I t i s p o w er f o r w ho ever cul t i vat es i t ,
Peace f o r w ho ever d w el l s o n i t ,
A gui d ance f o r w ho ever f o l l o w s i t ,
A l aud ab l e act f o r w ho ever em b r aces i t ,
A n ar gum ent f o r w ho ever sp eak s f o r i t ,
A w i t ness f o r w ho ever f i ght s f o r i t ,
A shar p i nst r um ent f o r w ho ever b ases hi s ar gum ent s o n
i t ,
A sup p o r t f o r w ho ever sup p o r t s i t ,
A m eans o f d el i ver ance f o r w ho ever em p l o ys i t ,
A si gn f o r t h e d i sc r i m i n at i n g, a sh e l t e r f o r w h o e v e r
seek s heal i ng,
A so ur ce o f k no w l ed ge f o r w ho ever has sense,
A nd t he b est nar r at i ve f o r i t s t r ansm i t t er s,
A nd a m eans f o r t he o ne w ho si t s i n j ud gm ent . "
Su b h aan al l ah ! T h i s b r i l l i an t o r at i o n r e v i e w s m an y
i m p o r t an t p o i n t s w h i c h c al l f o r c ar e f u l r e f l e c t i o n . Fo r
i nst ance, b y sayi ng t hat t he Q ur 'an i s 'a l am p w ho se f l am e shal l
no t d i e, ' I m am 'A l i ( p eace b e up o n hi m ) m eans, as he d o es i n
m any o t her st at em ent s i n t hi s o r at i o n, t hat t he Q ur 'an i s a
b o o k w ho se si gni f i cat i o n shal l no t b e ex haust ed . I t w i l l r em ai n
f r esh and new unt i l t he D ay o f Resur r ect i o n. A ver se m ay
h av e b e e n se n t d o w n r e gar d i n g a sp e c i f i c o c c asi o n o r
co m m uni t y, yet i t s r el evance i s no t l i m i t ed t o t hat o ccasi o n,
p er so n, o r co m m uni t y; r at her , i t s si gni f i cat i o n and ap p l i cab i l i t y
ar e gener al .
Re gar d i n g t h e v e r se " Fo r e v e r y p e o p l e t h e r e i s a
gui d e. "( 13: 7) al - 'A yyashi r ep o r t s t he f o l l o w i ng d i scussi o n w i t h
A b u Ja'f ar ( I m am al - Baq i r ( p eace b e up o n hi m ) ) :
" T h e I m am sai d , ' ` A l i i s t h e gu i d e , an d t h e gu i d e i s
al w ays o ne o f us. '
I sai d , 'T hen yo u - f o r w ho m m ay m y l i f e b e a sacr i f i ce -
ar e no w t he gui d e. '
'Yo u ar e r i ght , ' sai d t he I m am ( p eace b e up o n hi m ) . 'T he
Q ur 'an l i ves and w i l l no t d i e; t he ver ses l i ve and w i l l no t d i e. I f
a ver se w er e t o d i e w i t h t he d eat h o f t he p er so ns co ncer ni ng
w ho m i t cam e d o w n, t hen t he Q ur 'an w o ul d have d ef i ni t el y
d i ed . Rat her , such a ver se w o ul d co nt i nue t o ap p l y t o t ho se
w ho ar e al i ve as i t d i d t o t ho se w ho d i ed . '"
A no t her t r ad i t i o n r ep o r t s t hat I m am al - Sad i q ( p eace b e
up o n hi m ) sai d ,
"Cer t ai nl y, t he Qur 'an l i ves, and has not di ed; and i t i s
21 22
exi st ent j ust as t he day and t he ni ght and t he sun and t he
m oon ar e exi st ent . And i t wi l l exi st f or t he l ast am ong us
as i t has exi st ed f or t he f i r st . "
Qur a n' s Power of At t r a ct ion
A no t her asp ect o f t he Q ur 'an w hi ch ser ves t o i nd i cat e
i t s u n i q u e an d e x c e p t i o n al n at u r e i s t h e r e m ar k ab l e an d
i nex haust i b l e at t r act i o n t hat i t ex er t s.
T o d ay , m o r e t h a n f o u r t e e n c e n t u r i e s a f t e r t h e
r e v e l at i o n o f t h e Q u r ' an , t h e c ap t i v at i n g so u n d o f t h e
r eci t at i o n o f t he Q ur 'an can st i l l b e hear d i n al l t he d i f f er ent
p ar t s o f t he w o r l d , l eavi ng i t s i m p r essi o n o n hear t s and m i nd s,
and t r ansf o r m i ng t he sp i r i t s o f al l w ho l i st en t o i t .
I t s ap p eal o ver w hel m s t he so ul and b r i ngs t ear s f l o w i ng
f r o m t he eyes and m ak es t he hear t t r em b l e.
. , .
, .
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'
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,'
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.
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'
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" T h o se t o w h o m W e g a ve t h e B o o k b ef o r e t h i s,
bel i eve i n i t , and, when i t i s r eci t ed t o t hem, t hey say,
'We bel i eve i n i t ; sur el y i t i s t he Tr ut h f r om our Lor d;
even bef or e i t we wer e of t hose who sur r ender ".
( 28:52- 53)
T hi s ayah d escr i b es a gr o up o f p eo p l e w ho und er go a
st at e o f v e n e r at i o n an d aw e w h e n t h e Q u r ' an i s r e c i t e d
b ef o r e t hem . T hey af f i r m f ai t h i n al l t he co nt ent s o f t he Bo o k ,
d e c l ar e e v er y t h i n g i n i t t o b e n o t h i n g b u t t r u t h an d t h e i r
vener at i o n o f i t co nt i nues t o i ncr ease.
T h e n i n an o t h e r v e r se , a gr o u p o f C h r i st i an s w h o
b e l i e ve d an d b e c am e M u sl i m s o n h e ar i n g t h e Q u r ' an ar e
d escr i b ed i n t hese w o r d s:
"A nd w hen t hey hear w hat has b een sent d o w n t o t he
M essenger , yo u see t hei r eyes o ver f l o w w i t h t ear s, b ecause
o f t he t r ut h t hey r eco gni ze. T hey say,
,
'

, .
"O ur Lor d we bel i eve; so do You wr i t e us down among
t he wi t nesses."
( 5:83)
I n an o t h er p l ac e , w h i l e d e sc r i b i n g t h e b e l i e v er s, t h e
Q ur 'an says:
-'
. ,
- ,
'
,'
'
-' .
'
. , '
. , , -
, , ,' ,
'
,
, ' -'
'
, ' ' ,
'
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, , ' ,' ,

. ,
: ' . - , , . ,
.'
, .
-'

"Al l ah has sent down t he f ai r est di scour se as a book ,
si m i l a r ( c o n si st e n t i n p a r t s) ye t r e p e a t i n g ( i t s
t eachi ng i n var i ous aspect s) ; wher eat shi ver t he sk i ns
of t ho se wh o f ea r t hei r L o r d ; t hen t hei r sk i ns a n d
t hei r hear t s sof t en t o t he r emembr ance of Al l ah, t hi s
i s t he gui dance of Al l ah, H e gui des wi t h i t whom H e
want s, and whoever Al l ah l eaves t o st r ay, wi l l have
none t o gui de ...".
( 39:23)
T he r ays o f at t r act i o n ex er t ed b y t he Q ur 'an w as no t
co nf i ned t o M ecca, i t s b i r t h p l ace, b ut sp r ead o ut w ar d s f r o m
M e c ca t o get h e r w i t h t h e m o v em e n t o f t h e M u sl i m s. T o
m ent i o n so m e ex am p l es: t he r ays o f Q ur 'an sho ne i n t he
23 24
h e ar t o f K i n g N aj j ash i , i n t h e C h r i st i an c o u r t o f Et h i o p i a,
t h an k s t o t h e r e c i t at i o n o f Ja' f ar b i n A b i t al i b , d esp i t e t h e
u n f av o r ab l e si t u at i o n p r e v ai l i n g t h e r e an d t h e p r e ssu r e
b r o ught t o b ear b y t he o p p o nent s o f I sl am .
Eq u al l y t h e y sh o n e i n M ad i n a , t h e b a se f o r t h e
f o r m at i o n o f a new So ci et y, w her e t he Q ur 'an w as r eci t ed b y
M us'ab b i n U m ayr .
I b n H i sham w r i t es i n hi s l i f e o f t he Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f
A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) :
"So st r ong was t he hear t f el t desi r e of t he peopl e t o hear
t h e Q u r ' a n t h a t eve n so m e o f t h e u n b e l i ev er s o f t h e
Qu r ay sh w ou l d sec r et l y go n ea r t h e Pr o p h et ' s h o u se at
n i gh t , r e m a i n i n g t h er e u n t i l d a w n , i n o r d er t o l i st en
t hr oughout t he ni ght t o t he pl easi ng m el ody of t he Qur 'an
as r eci t ed by t he M essenger of Al l ah. Thi s happened m any
t i m es" .
( Si r at Ibn H i sham , Vo l . I, p. 386)
So t hat t he p eo p l e w o ul d no t f al l und er t he i nf l uence o f
Q u r an ' s el o q u en ce an d p o w er t o at t r act , t h e n o n b el i ever s
w o ul d i nst r uct a gr o up o f p eo p l e t o go and m ak e a no i se, t o
w hi st l e and cl ap t hei r hand s, w hi l e t he Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f
A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) w as r eci t i ng t he ver ses o f
Q ur 'an.

. , .
. ,' .
. . ' , ,
'
,
, ,
'
,
' , .
"The pol yt hei st s sai d: D o not l i st en t o t he ver ses of
t he Q ur 'an, and mak e a noi se whi l e t hey ar e bei ng
r eci t ed, per haps you wi l l t hus t r i umph".
( 41: 26)
Qur ' a n a s a Mir a cle
T o ever y Pr o p het , A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed i s H e)
gave so m e m i r ac l e s, b u t go n e ar e t h e Pr o p h e t s an d t h e i r
m i r acl es. T he H o l y Pr o p het M uham m ad ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e
u p o n h i m an d h i s p r o ge n y ) i s t h e l ast p r o p h e t an d A l l ah
( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed i s H e) gave hi m a t i m el ess m i r acl e, and
t hat m i r acl e i s t he H o l y Q ur 'an.
I t has o f t en b een ar gued t hat t he Q ur 'an i s no t o nl y t he
f i r st b o o k , an d t h e h i gh e st l i n gu i st i c ac h i e v e m e n t , o f t h e
A r ab i c l an gu age , b u t t h at i t i s al so Pr o p h et M u h am m ad ' s
( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) st r o ngest
ar gu m e n t agai n st t h o se w h o d o u b t e d h i s M e ssage . T h e
q u e st i o n t h at n e e d s t o b e ad d r e sse d h e r e c o n c e r n s t h e
r easo n w hy a ho l y b o o k , a co m p o si t i o n o f l anguage, sho ul d
b e hai l ed as I sl am 's ( and Pr o p het M uham m ad 's ( b l essi ngs o f
A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) ) st r o ngest m i r acl e and
ar gum ent . T he p o i nt has so m et i m es b een m ad e t hat o t her
p r o p h e t s h ad m o r e t a n g i b l e m i r ac l e s. I n t h e c ase o f
M uham m ad , ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny)
h o w e v e r , t h e m i r ac l e w as n o t c o m p ar ab l e t o Pr o p h e t
M ussa's st af f o r Pr o p het I ssa's heal i ng p o w er s, b ut w as m o r e
t han t hat .
T he H o l y Q ur 'an i s i nd eed a m i r acl e i n m any asp ect s,
so m e o f w hi ch ar e d escr i b ed her e b el o w :
A) T he Ex cl usi ve el o q uence o f t he Q ur 'an.
B) T he I ni m i t ab l e Q ual i t y o f t he Q ur 'an.
C ) T he Sci ent i f i c M i r acl e o f t he Q ur 'an.
D ) T he A ccur acy o f t he H i st o r i cal Reco r d s i n t he Q ur 'an.
E) T he Pr ed i ct i o ns i n t he Q ur 'an.
F) T he C hal l enge o f t he Q ur 'an.
Si nce t he ab o ve p o i nt s al so co nst i t ut e evi d ences o n t he
25 26
aut hent i ci t y o f t he Q ur 'an as t he w o r d o f A l l ah ( Gl o r i f i ed and
Ex al t e d i s H e ) , t h e y ar e d i scu sse d i n d e t ai l i n t h e Q u r ' an
Reso ur ce Pap er no . 2, und er t he t i t l e o f "A ut hent i ci t y o f t he
H o l y Q ur 'an".
The Illus t r a t ive Themes of t he Qur ' a n
A no t her asp ect o f t he no vel t y o f t he Q ur 'an l anguage
has t o d o w i t h i t s t hem es. T hese t hem es and t o p i cs r ep r esent
a cl ear d ep ar t ur e f r o m t ho se w hi ch had b een hi t her t o f am i l i ar
t o t he A r ab s. A s T aha H usayn ex p l ai ned :
"I t does not deal wi t h any such t hi ngs as r ui ns, cam el s, or
l ong j our neys i n t he deser t ; nor does i t descr i be l ongi ng
f or t h e b el oved, l ove, or eu l ogy , t o p i c s m o st f am i l i a r t o
pr e- I sl am i c Ar abs. But r at her i t t al k s t o t he Ar abs about
such t hi ngs as t he oneness of Al l ah, H i s l i m i t l ess power ,
H i s k nowl edge, whi ch i s unat t ai nabl e, H i s wi l l , whi ch i s
unst oppabl e, and H i s cr eat i on of heaven and ear t h".
T hi s p assage und er sco r es yet ano t her i nno vat i ve asp ect
o f t h e Q u r ' an , n am e l y t h e p r e se n t at i o n o f n o v e l t h e m es
t hr o ugh an ab und ance o f ex am p l es al l ai m ed at i l l ust r at i o n and
p er suasi o n. T he use o f i l l ust r at i o n i s o ne o f t he m o st ef f ect i ve
st yl i st i c t echni q ues o f t he Q ur 'an. O ne can har d l y r ead a ver se
w i t ho ut ex p er i enci ng t he i m p act o f t hi s t echni q ue.
T he ar t o f nar r at i ve st yl e r ep r esent s ano t her i nno vat i ve
asp ect o f t he Q ur 'an. I t r el at es i n ast o und i ng d et ai l t he st o r i es
o f Pr o p h e t N u h , I b r ah i m , Y u su f , M u sa, an d I ssa, am o n g
o t h e r s. I t p r e se n t s t h e d i al o gu e s t h at t o o k p l ac e i n su c h
st o r i es and t he cl ai m s and co unt er - cl ai m s m ad e b y each o f
t he o p p o si ng p ar t i es. St o r y- t el l i ng m ay no t have b een t o t al l y
n o ve l i n p r e - I sl am i c A r ab i a gi v en t h e si gn i f i c an t q u an t i t y o f
p ar ab l e s, e p i c s, an d m y t h s t h at w e r e i n h e r i t ed f r o m t h at
p e r i o d . W h a t w a s n o v e l ; h o w e v e r , w as t h e t y p e o f
i nt egr at ed , el ab o r at e st o r y i nvo l vi ng such essent i al i t em s as
t h e m e , p l o t , w e l l - d e ve l o p e d ch ar ac t er s, an d d en o u em en t
w hi ch ar e t o b e f o und i n t he Q ur 'an, w hi ch r ef er s i t sel f t o t he
b enef i t i n t el l i ng such st o r i es:
. - . '
'
'
, :
- ,
, :
'
,
'
, .
"We do r el at e unt o you t he most beaut i f ul st or i es, i n
t hat We r eveal unt o you t hi s [ por t i on of t he] Q ur 'an.
Bef or e t hi s you t oo wer e among t hose who k new i t
not ".
( 12:3)
The Cent r a l Theme of t he Holy Qur ' a n
Wha t is t he cent r a l t heme of Qur ' a n?
Si n c e t h e ad v e n t o f I sl am an d t h e r e v e l at i o n o f t h e
Q u r ' an i n t h e e ar l y y ear s o f t h e se v en t h c en t u r y A D , t h e
M usl i m H o l y Bo o k has b een t he sub j ect o f m any ex t ensi ve
an al yt i c al st u d i e s. T h e f o cu s o f t h e gr eat m aj o r i t y o f t h ese
st ud i es has b een t he t heo l o gi cal and l egi sl at i ve asp ect s o f t he
H o l y B o o k , f o r t h e Q u r ' an p r o v i d es M u sl i m s w i t h d et ai l ed
gu i d an ce o n t h ei r e v er y d ay p r o b l em s. T o ge t h e r w i t h t h e
say i n gs, ac t i o n s, an d r e c o m m e n d at i o n s o f M u h am m ad ,
( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) t he Q ur 'an
has b een t he ul t i m at e so ur ce o f l egal aut ho r i t y f o r M usl i m s
o ver t he p ast f o ur t een cent ur i es.
M u sl i m sc h o l ar s h av e al so p ai n st ak i n gl y e x am i n e d ,
an al y z e d an d i n t e r p r e t e d t h e v ar i o u s v e r se s o f t h e H o l y
Bo o k , d e t ai l i n g t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s t h e Q u r ' an i m p o ses o n
27 28
M usl i m s i n o r d er f o r t hem t o achi eve sp i r i t ual p ur i t y. T hus, i n
ad d i t i o n t o i t s l egi sl at i ve and t heo l o gi cal val ue, t he Q ur 'an has
al so ser ved as a so ur ce o f sp i r i t ual gui d ance f o r t he f o l l o w er s
o f I sl am .
Holy Qur ' a n is a complet e code of life
H o w ever , w e can no t cl ai m t hat t he C ent r al T hem e o f
t he H o l y Q ur 'an i s o nl y l egi sl at i o n and sp i r i t ual i t y; as hum an
l i f e i s m o r e co m p l ex and m ul t i - d i m ensi o nal . Si nce I sl am i s a
co m p l et e w ay o f hum an l i f e and Q ur 'an b ei ng i t s so ur ce o f
gu i d an c e , t o asc r i b e t h e Q u r ' an t o b e j u st t h e b o o k o f
l egi sl at i o n and sp i r i t ual i t y o nl y w i l l b e m i sl ead i ng, b ecause t he
Q ur 'an has d eal t w i t h a vast r ange o f sub j ect s.
C o nt r ar y t o t he o p i ni o n o f so m e p eo p l e w ho co nsi d er
t h e H o l y Q u r ' an t o b e o f sp i r i t u al b e n e f i t o n l y , o r t o b e
co nf i ned t o w o r shi p , p r ayer s and m o r al s, w e sho ul d p o i nt o ut
t h at o n l y o n e- t w e l f t h ( 5 0 0 ve r se s) r e l at e s t o p r o b l e m s o f
Jur i sp r ud ence; w hi l e t he l ar ger p ar t o f i t d eal s w i t h m at t er s
p e r t ai n i n g t o v ar i o u s i ssu e s i n c l u d i n g so c i al , p o l i t i c al ,
ad m i n i st r at i v e , h i st o r i c al , cu l t u r al , f ai t h an d o t h e r r el at ed
m at t er s.
A m o ng t he r ecur r i ng t hem es o f t he Q ur 'an i s ab o ut t he
uni ver se i t sel f and i t s C r eat o r . A no t her t hem e t r eat ed b y t he
Q ur 'an i s t he p ur p o se o f t he uni ver se and i t s cr eat i o n. A m o ng
t he o t her gener al i ssues d eal t b y t he Q ur 'an i s t he q uest i o n
ab o u t h u m an b e i n g: I s m an a d e sp i c ab l e c r e at u r e , o r a
p er so nal i t y w i t h no b i l i t y and d i gni t y et c. ?
T he o t her sub j ect d eal t w i t h i n t he Q ur 'an i s t he i ssue o f
hum an so ci et y: I s t he so ci et y co nsi d er ed t o b e p r i m ar y and
t he i nd i vi d ual as seco nd ar y, o r w het her i t sub o r d i nat es t he
so c i e t y t o t h e i n d i v i d u al ? A r e so c i e t i e s, ac c o r d i n g t o t h e
Q ur 'an, sub j ect t o l aw s go ver ni ng t hei r l i f e and d eat h, t hei r
r i se an d d e c l i n e , o r ar e t h e se c o n d i t i o n s ap p l i c ab l e t o
i nd i vi d ual s al o ne?
T he Q ur 'an d eal s w i t h num er o us o t her i ssues. O ne o f
t hem i s t he p o i nt o f vi ew o f t he Q ur 'an ab o ut i t sel f . T he o t her
i ssue i s r el at ed t o t he Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m
and hi s p r o geny) and i t s m anner o f i nt r o d uci ng and ad d r essi ng
hi m . A no t her i ssue i s i t s d ef i ni t i o n o f a b el i ever ( m u'm i n) and
hi s char act er i st i cs and so o n.
Fu r t h er m o r e , e ach o f t h ese ge n er al i ssu es p o ssesses
var i o us b r anches and d i vi si o ns. Fo r ex am p l e, w hen d i scussi ng
m ank i nd and i t s si t uat i o n, i t i s nat ur al t o sp eak ab o ut m o r al i t y.
O r , w h e n sp e ak i n g ab o u t so c i et y , t h e p r o b l e m o f h u m an
r el at i o nshi p s al so unavo i d ab l y ent er s t he d i scussi o n. T he sam e
i s t r ue o f such no t i o ns as "enj o i ni ng go o d and f o r b i d d i ng evi l , "
and t he p r o b l em o f so ci al cl asses.
N o w t he q uest i o n i s: W hat i s t hen t he Q ur an's gener al
t hem e? I f p o nd er ed up o n t he m ul t i f acet ed co nt ent s i nsi d e
t he Q ur 'an, o ne can saf el y r each t o t he co ncl usi o n t hat t he
cent r al t hem e and ai m p ur sued b y t he Q ur 'an i s t he 't r ai ni ng
o f t he hum an b ei ng' as a b ei ng co nsci o us o f hi s d ut i es. T he
m ai n ai m o f t h e Q u r ' an i s t h e r e f o r e t o r e i n f o r c e an d
ac c e l e r at e t h e sp i r i t u al asc e n si o n , t o ge t h e r w i t h al l t h e
q ual i t i es o f hum an b ei ng, t o w ar d a st at e o f t r ue l o f t i ness and
t he d i gni t y o f w hi ch t he hum an b ei ng i s w o r t hy.
I n ano t her w o r d s, w e can say t hat t he m ai n p ur p o se o f
Q ur 'an i s t o ex p o und t r ut hs t hat ar e r el evant t o t he 'l i f e o f t he
hum an b ei ng' and t he ex al t at i o n o f hi s b ei ng and co nd uci ve t o
hi s at t ai ni ng a l i f e o f t r ue hap p i ness.
I m am A m i r ul M u'm i ni i n ` A l i b i n A b i t al i b ( p eace b e up o n
hi m ) nar r at ed t he f o l l o w i ng d ua, f r o m w hi ch w e can d er i ve
ver y cl ear l y t hat t he H o l y Q ur 'an i s t he 'char t o f l i f e f o r m an'.
H e p r ayed : "O A l l ah! ex p and m y b r east w i t h Q ur 'an, act uat e
29 30
m y b o d y w i t h Q ur 'an, enl i ght en m y si ght w i t h Q ur 'an, l i b er at e
m y t o ngue b y Q ur 'an, and hel p m e t o m o ul d m y l i f e acco r d i ng
t o Q ur 'an, so l o ng as Yo u m ak e m e l i ve".
Met hod us ed by t he Qur ' a n in Tr a ining
Huma n being
A s sai d ear l i er , t he ai m p ur sued b y t he Q ur 'an i s t he
t r ai ni ng o f t he hum an b ei ng as a b ei ng co nsci o us o f hi s d ut i es.
N o w , t h e e m e r g e n c e o f s u c h a b e i n g r e q u i r e s a
co m p r ehensi ve r ef o r m o f t he hum an b ei ng, i nvo l vi ng var i o us
changes such as t he negat i o n o f f al se val ues and m eani ngl ess
cr i t er i a, and f o st er i ng o f a cr eat i ve ener get i c sp i r i t w i t hi n hi m .
T h e Q u r ' an c an t h u s b e sai d t o m e l t t h e sp i r i t o f h u m an
b ei ngs and p o ur t hem i nt o a new m o ul d , w her e t hey acq ui r e
a d i f f er ent , r i cher and m o r e val uab l e f o r m .
A l t ho ugh t hi s m ay b e sai d t o b e t he p r i nci p al ai m o f t he
Q ur 'an, i t sum m o ns t he hum an b ei ng i nsi st ent l y, at t he ver y
sam e t i m e, t o r ef l ect and t o p o nd er , and t o acq ui r e a r eal i st i c
vi ew o f t he w o r l d ; i t gui d es hi m o n t o t he p at h o f t ho ught , o f
t eachi ng and l ear ni ng.
T he m et ho d used b y t he Q ur 'an i n t r ai ni ng hum an b ei ng
i s t h at o f ' I n d u c t i v e M e t h o d ' , i . e . t h e p r o c e ss o f d e r i v i n g
ge n e r al p r i n c i p l e s o f l i f e b y u si n g l o gi c , r e aso n an d f ac t s.
A c c o r d i n g t o Q u r ' an , t h e r e ar e f o u r so u r c e s o f h u m an
k no w l ed ge t hr o ugh w hi ch et er nal t r ut h can b e d er i ved , and
t hey ar e:
1) Reaso n and l o gi c.
2) Ex p er i ence.
3) St ud y o f N at ur e.
4) H i st o r y.
A l l t h e o t h er f o r m s o f sc i en c es ar e o f f sh o o t s o f t h e
ab o v e f o u r so u r c e s, a n d t h e p r i n c i p a l ad v a n c e s a n d
d e v e l o p m e n t s i n t h e n at u r al sc i e n c e s ar e al l d u e t h e se
p r em i ses. A l l am a I q b al , t he f am o us I nd o - M usl i m t hi nk er says:
"T he b i r t h o f I sl am , as I ho p e t o b e ab l e p r esent l y t o p r o ve t o
yo ur sat i sf act i o n, i s t he b i r t h o f i nd uct i ve i nt el l ect . . . . . . T h e
co nst ant ap p eal t o REA SO N and EX PERI EN C E i n t he Q ur an,
and t he em p hasi s t hat i t l ays o n N A T U RE and H I ST O RY as
so ur ces o f hum an k no w l ed ge, ar e al l d i f f er ent asp ect s o f t he
sam e i d ea o f f i nal i t y".
O f c o u r se , t h e r e ar e t r ad i t i o n s n ar r at e d f r o m t h e
Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s p r o geny) and
t h e I m am s o f A h l u l - b ayt ( p eace b e u p o n t h em ) say i n g f o r
ex am p l e:
"Ver i l y t he Qur 'an has an ext er i or and an i nt er i or , and i t s
i n t er i or h a s an i n t er i or u p t o seven ( o r a c c o r di n g t o a
ver si on, sevent y) i nt er i or s . . . "
A nd t he Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and hi s
p r o g e n y ) a n d t h e I m am s ( p e ac e b e u p o n t h e m ) gav e
i m p o r t an ce t o i t s ex t e r i o r as m u c h as t o i t s i n t er i o r ; t h ey
w er e as m u ch c o n c er n ed w i t h i t s r eve l at i o n as t h ey w er e
w i t h i t s i nt er p r et at i o n. T hat i s w hy t he Q ur 'an d eser ves t o b e
eval uat ed f r o m d i f f er ent p o i nt s o f vi ew .
So m e o f t h e t o p i cs w h i c h cal l f o r ex am i n at i o n i n t h e
Q ur 'an ar e:
1) T he ar t i st i c and ver b al b eaut y o f t he Q ur 'an and i t s st yl e
w hi ch i s nei t her p o et r y no r p r o se.
2) T he i nt el l ect ual and sci ent i f i c co nt ent o f t he Q ur 'an.
3) T he r ei nf o r cem ent o f t he sp i r i t ual d i m ensi o ns o f m an.
4) T he ap p eal t o r ef l ect and p o nd er .
5) T he ap p eal t o t he st ud y o f nat ur e.
6) T he t ap p i ng o f t he hi st o r i cal i nci d ent s f o r eval uat i o n.
31 32
7) T he ex p o und i ng o f t he m yst er i es o f t he cr eat i o n.
8) T he m ent i o ni ng o f ser i es o f t r ut hs and p r i nci p l es t hat
go v e r n t h e h u m an l i f e , i . e . So c i o l o gy , Ec o n o m i c s,
Go ver nm ent , et c.
Revolut iona r y Tr a ns for ma t ion in t he Societ y
t hr ough t he Qur ' a n
A n o t h e r asp e ct o f t h e m i r ac u l o u sn ess o f t h e Q u r ' an
w h i c h h a s h a d a g r e a t e f f e c t i s t h e r e v o l u t i o n a r y
t r an sf o r m at i o n i t b r o u gh t ab o u t i n h u m an c i v i l i zat i o n . A
m at t er cal l i ng f o r ser i o us at t ent i o n i n t he st ud y o f I sl am i s t he
f act t hat i t r ecei ved no assi st ance f r o m f act o r s ex t er nal t o
i t se l f w h e n i t b e gan t o c r e at e t h e n u c l e u s o f a u n i v e r sal
so ci et y o ut o f a scat t er ed and d i suni t ed p eo p l e t hat l ack ed al l
sci ence and f r ee t ho ught and d i d no t even seek t o uni f y i t s
co nst i t uent t r i b es; and w hen i t b egan, m o r eo ver , t o f o und a
uni q uel y, vast and sp i r i t ual ci vi l i zat i o n.
A l l t h e f ac t o r s f o r c h an gi n g t h e w o r l d , f o r p u t t i n g
f o r w ar d an i nt er nat i o nal l aw w i t h t he sl o gan o f uni t y am o ng
r aces, p eo p l es, and so ci al cl asses, f o r cr eat i ng a m o vem ent
f o r t he l i b er at i o n o f t ho ught and t he enno b l i ng o f k no w l ed ge,
w e r e d e r i ve d f r o m t h e ve r y t ex t o f t h e Q u r ' an , f r o m t h e
cul t ur e t hat em er ged f r o m t he Q ur 'an and f r o m t he I sl am i c
o r d e r . I sl am n e v e r r e l i e d o n a go v e r n m e n t o r a p o w e r
si t uat ed o ut si d e t he so ci et y i t had i t sel f b r o ught i nt o b ei ng.
Eve n t h e aggr esso r s, f o r ex am p l e t h e M o n go l s, w h o
at t ack ed t he I sl am i c l and s and t r i um p hed o ver t he M usl i m s,
t hank s t o t hei r m i l i t ar y sup er i o r i t y, l o st t hei r d o m i nance i n t he
end w hen t hey w er e co nf r o nt ed w i t h t he sp i r i t ual p o w er o f
I sl am , and t hey ad o p t ed t he r el i gi o n o f t he p eo p l e t hey had
co nq uer ed . T hi s hi st o r y o f nat i o ns d o es no t r eco r d any o t her
ex am p l e o f a vi ct o r i o us aggr esso r ad o p t i ng t he r el i gi o n o f t he
p eo p l e i t had d ef eat ed .
Holy Qur ' a n ca n s ha pe t he des t iny of t he huma n r a ce
a s a whole
T h e r e f o r e , Q u r ' an i s sp e c i al l y e sse n t i al f o r t h o se
scho l ar s w ho ar e i nt er est ed i n t he st ud y o f m an and so ci et y,
si nce t hi s b o o k has b een ef f ect i vel y i nst r um ent al no t o nl y i n
m o ul d i ng t he d est i ni es o f I sl am i c so ci et i es, b ut al so i n shap i ng
t he d est i ny o f t he hum an r ace as a w ho l e.
A b r i ef gl ance o ver hi st o r y w o ul d b e eno ugh t o p r o vi d e
suf f i ci ent p r o o f o f t he cl ai m t hat t her e has b een no such b o o k
t hat has ever i nf l uenced hum an so ci et i es t o t he m agni t ud e o f
t h e Q u r ' an . I t i s f o r t h e sam e r e aso n t h at t h e Q u r ' an
au t o m a t i c al l y st e p s i n t o t h e p r e c i n c t s o f so c i o l o gi c al
d i scu ssi o n s, an d b eco m e s t h e el em en t al co n st i t u e n t o f t h e
su b j ec t s o f r ese ar ch i n t h i s d i sci p l i n e . T h i s m ean s t h at an y
d eep st ud y and p r o f o und r esear ch i n t he f i el d o f w o r l d hi st o r y
o f t he l ast f o ur t een hund r ed year s, i s i m p o ssi b l e w i t ho ut t he
k no w l ed ge o f t he Q ur 'an.
Sm i t h w r i t es i n hi s - M uham m ad and I sl am :
"The t eachi ngs of t he Qur 'an, whi ch m ent i ons k nowl edge
a n d t h e p e n i n i t s o p e n i n g v er ses, b r o u gh t a b o u t a
t r em endous t r ansf or m at i on. I sl am pr ocl ai m ed st udy t o be
a r el i gi ous dut y, and m ade t he bl ank i nk of t he scr i be and
t he schol ar t o be super i or t o t he r ed bl ood of t he m ar t yr .
"Thank s t o t he t eachi ngs of t he Qur 'an and i t s em phasi s
on t he cul t i vat i on of k nowl edge, count l ess schol ar s m ade
t hei r appear ance and wr ot e i nnum er abl e book s. D i f f er ent
33 34
sc i en t i f i c d i sc i p l i n es w er e d er i ved f r om t h e Q u r ' an an d
sp r ead ac r oss t h e w or l d b y M u sl i m t h i n k er s. T h e w or l d
was i l l um i ned wi t h t he l i ght of t he Qur 'an and cul t ur e of
I sl am ".
The Es s ent ia lit y of t he St udy of t he Qur ' a n
T he st ud y and k no w l ed ge o f t he Q ur 'an i s essent i al no t
o n l y f o r Sc h o l ar s an d Ph i l o so p h er s, b u t f o r ev e r y o n e: an
o r d i n ar y p e r so n , a st u d e n t , a w o r k er , a t r ad e r , a l ear n ed
p er so n as w el l as f o r al l f ai t hf ul b el i ever s.
T h e st u d y o f t h e Q u r ' a n i s e sse n t i a l f o r e v e r y
co m m i t t ed M usl i m , si nce i t i s t he m ai n so ur ce and f o und at i o n
o f t he r el i gi o us t ho ught and f ai t h. W hat so ever gi ves m eani ng,
essence and sanct i t y t o hi s ex i st ence l i es i n t he H o l y Q ur 'an.
T he Q ur 'an i s no t j ust l i k e o t her r el i gi o us b o o k s w hi ch
ar e c o n t e n t t o d i sc u ss t h e p r o b l e m s o f ex i st e n c e o f A l l ah
( Gl o r i f i ed and Ex al t ed i s H e) and cr eat i o n i n cr yp t i c t o nes, o r
l i k e t h o se w h i c h m e r e l y c o n v e y a se r i e s o f si m p l e m o r al
ad vi ce and co unsel s, so t hat t ho se w ho b el i eve i n t hem ar e
ho p el essl y l ef t t o sear ch f o r gui d ance i n o t her so ur ces. I t i s a
b o o k w her e al l essent i al i ngr ed i ent s o f l i f e can b e f o und .
U n l i k e o t h e r b o o k s, t h e Q u r ' a n d i sc u sse s a n d
f o r m u l at es al l t h e i d e as an d v i ew s t h at ar e e sse n t i al f o r a
m an's l i f e, b esi d es co m m uni cat i ng t he t enet s o f f ai t h. Si nce t he
Q ur 'an i s b o o k o f l i f e, i t al so l ays d o w n al l t he p r i nci p l es o f l i f e
i ncl ud i ng t hat o f m o r al and et hi cal val ues f o r t he p ur p o se o f
i n d i v i d u al , so ci al an d f am i l i al e x i st en c e. U n f o r t u n at el y, t h e
st ud y o f Q ur 'an has b een l ef t f o r Scho l ar s and l ear ned p eo p l e
o nl y.
Is Qur ' a n Under s t a nda ble?
B u t t h e i m p o r t an t q u e st i o n w h i c h i s o f t e n ask e d i s
w het her t he Q ur 'an i s und er st and ab l e b y an o r d i nar y r ead er ,
o r i t r e q u i r e s sc h o l ar l y b ac k gr o u n d t o c o m p r e h e n d i t s
m eani ng?
H as t h i s b o o k b e e n i n t r o d u c e d f o r t h e p u r p o se o f
st ud yi ng and und er st and i ng i t , o r w het her i t i s j ust f o r r ead i ng
and r eci t i ng and o b t ai ni ng r ew ar d and b l essi ng? T he st ud ent o f
Q ur 'an, p o ssi b l y, m ay w o nd er at r ai si ng o f such a q uest i o n.
T o hi m i t m ay ap p ear b eyo nd d o ub t t hat t he Q ur 'an i s m eant
f o r t he p ur p o se o f k no w i ng and und er st and i ng i t .
N ever t hel ess, i n vi ew o f var i o us und esi r ab l e cur r ent s,
w hi ch d ue t o num er o us r easo ns cam e i nt o ex i st ence i n t he
M usl i m w o r l d r egar d i ng t he q uest i o n o f und er st and i ng o f t he
Q ur 'an, and w hi ch had an i m p o r t ant r o l e i n b r i ngi ng ab o ut t he
d ecl i ne o f M usl i m s, I shal l d i scuss t he necessi t y o f st ud yi ng and
und er st and i ng t he Q ur 'an i n b r i ef .
Is t he pur pos e of Qur ' a n t o obt a in t ha wa b only?
T her e ar e so m e p eo p l e w ho t hi nk t hat t he Q ur 'an i s t o
b e r ead m er el y f o r t he p ur p o se o f o b t ai ni ng sp i r i t ual r ew ar d
( t h aw ab ) w i t h o u t n e e d o f u n d e r st an d i n g an y t h i n g o f i t s
co nt ent s. T hey co nt i nuo usl y r eci t e t he Q ur 'an, b ut i f t hey ar e
even o nce ask ed : "D o yo u und er st and t he m eani ng o f w hat
yo u ar e r ead i ng?" t hey canno t answ er . T o r eci t e t he Q ur 'an i s
essent i al and go o d , b ei ng r egar d ed as t he f i r st st ep necessar y
f o r co m p r ehend i ng i t s co nt ent s; and no t m er el y as a m eans
f o r gai ni ng D i vi ne r ew ar d .
Re g r e t t ab l y , t h e r o o t s o f t h o se d e g e n e r at e an d
d anger o us no t i o ns st i l l p er si st i n o ur so ci et i es. So I co nsi d er i t
necessar y t o el ab o r at e o n t hi s t o p i c.
35 36
Q ur 'an m ust b e r ead and st ud i ed w i t h t he i nt ent i o n o f
ed ucat i ng o nesel f . T he Q ur 'an i t sel f cl ar i f i es t hi s p o i nt :

. .
. ,
. . '
, : ' . ,
, . , . ,' , . ,
,
'

'
,
.

.
"A book We have sent down t o you, bl essed, t hat men
p o sse sse d o f m i n d m a y p o n d e r i t s si g n s e n d so
r emember ".
( 38:29)
O ne o f t he f unct i o ns o f t he Q ur 'an i s t o i nst r uct and t o
t each. Fo r t hi s p ur p o se, t he Q ur 'an ad d r esses hum an r easo n
and sp eak s i n l o gi cal and d em o nst r at i ve t er m s.
I nf act , no t o nl y t he b el i ever s and t he f ai t hf ul , b ut even
t he i nf i d el s ar e i nvi t ed b y i t t o co nt em p l at e o ver i t s ver ses.
T h e Q u r ' a n d e m a n d s t h a t i t v e r s e s s h o u l d b e f i r s t
co n t e m p l at e d o v e r , b e f o r e f o r m i n g an y ad v e r se o p i n i o n
agai n st t h em . A d d r e ssi n g t h e o p p o n e n t s, i t says, w h y t h ey
d o n ' t p o n d e r o v e r t h e Q u r ' an , w h at so r t o f h e ar t s t h e y
p o ssess, t hey ar e as i f shut cl o se and seal ed :
, ,'
'
,

'
'
, .

'
, .
"What , do t hey not ponder t he Q ur 'an? O r i s i t t hat
t her e ar e l ock s upon t hei r hear t s?"
( 47:24)
The Qur ' a n a ls o s a ys in one of it s ver s es :
"( Thi s i s) a Book We have r eveal ed t o you aboundi ng
i n good, t hat t hey may ponder upon t he ver ses".
T h at i s, W e h av e n o t se n t t h e Q u r ' an t o b e k i sse d ,
em b r aced and p ut o n t he ni che t o gat her d ust , b ut f o r m en t o
r ead and t o co nt em p l at e ab o ut i t s co nt ent s:
T hat t ho se end o w ed w i t h und er st and i ng m ay p o nd er i t s
si gns and so r em em b er . ( 38: 29)
A yat ul l ah M ur t ad ha M ut ahhar i says: "Sco r es o f ver ses i n
Q u r ' an em p h asi ze t h e i m p o r t an ce o f c o n t e m p l at i o n i n t h e
Q ur 'an and i nt er p r et at i o n o f t he Q ur 'ani c ver ses, al t ho ugh no t
an i nt er p r et at i o n b ased o n p er so nal cap r i ces and b i as, b ut a
j ust , t r ut hf ul and b al anced i nt er p r et at i o n f r ee o f al l t r aces o f
sel f i sh i nt er est s.
"I f w e t r y t o co m p r ehend t he Q ur 'an i n an ho nest and
unb i ased w ay, i t i s no t at al l necessar y t o so l ve al l p r o b l em s
t hat w e f i nd i n i t . I n t hi s r egar d t he Q ur 'an i s si m i l ar t o N at ur e.
I n N at u r e , t o o , a n u m b e r o f m y st er i e s h ave n ei t h er b ee n
so l ved yet , no r can t hey b e so l ved i n p r esent co nd i t i o ns, yet
ar e l i k el y t o b e so l ved i n t he f ut ur e. M o r eo ver , i n st ud yi ng
an d u n d e r st an d i n g n at u r e , m an h as t o t ai l o r h i s i d e as i n
ac c o r d an c e w i t h N at u r e i t se l f . H e i s f o r c e d t o i n t e r p r e t
N at u r e i n ac c o r d an c e w i t h i t s r e al i t y . H e c an n o t d e f i n e
N at ur e i n t er m s o f hi s o w n cap r i ces and i ncl i nat i o ns.
"T he Q ur 'an, l i k e t he b o o k o f N at ur e, i s a b o o k t hat has
n o t b e e n se n t f o r a sp e c i f i c age an d t i m e . H ad i t b e e n
o t h e r w i se, al l t h e se cr et s o f t h e Q u r ' an w o u l d h ave b e en
d i sco ver ed i n t he p ast ; t hi s heavenl y Bo o k w o ul d no t have
p r esent ed i t s char m , f r eshness and vi t al i t y. But w e see t hat
t he p o ssi b i l i t y o f co nt em p l at i o n, r ef l ect i o n and d i sco ver y o f
n e w d i m e n si o n s i s i n e x h au st i b l e i n t h e c ase o f t h i s H o l y
Bo o k ".
T h i s i s a p o i n t t h at h as am p l y b e en e m p h asi z e d an d
cl ar i f i ed b y t he Pr o p het and t he I m am s. I n a t r ad i t i o n, i t i s
r el at ed f r o m t he Pr o p het ( b l essi ngs o f A l l ah b e up o n hi m and
hi s p r o geny) t hat t he Q ur 'an, l i k e t he sun and t he m o o n, w i l l
p r esent i t s m o vem ent and co nt i nui t y; t hat i s, t he Q ur 'an i s no t
st at i c o r m o no t o no us.
37 38
I n ' U y u n ak h b ar al - Ri d a, f r o m I m am Ri d h a ( p eac e b e
up o n hi m ) , i t i s q uo t ed t hat I m am Ja'f ar Sad i q ( p eace b e up o n
hi m ) w as ask ed ab o ut t he secr et o f i t t hat as t he t i m e p asses
and t he m o r e i t i s r ead and r eci t ed , t he Q ur 'an i ncr eases i n i t s
no vel t y and f r eshness d ay b y d ay. T he I m am Sad i q ( p eace b e
u p o n h i m ) an sw e r e d : " B e c au se t h e Q u r ' an i s n o t f o r an
ex cl usi ve age o r f o r an ex cl usi ve p eo p l e".
The Qur ' a n is for a ll - t he lea r ned a s well a s t he
or dina r y per s on
T he Q ur 'an has b een sent f o r al l ages and f o r al l hum an
b e i n g s. I t i s so c o m p o se d t h at i n sp i t e o f c h a n ge s i n
k no w l ed ge, o ut l o o k and ap p r o ach t hr o ugh var i o us t i m es and
ages, i t sur p asses al l l ear ni ng and k no w l ed ge i n al l ages. W hi l e
i t e n c o m p asses m y st e r i es an d ab st r u se i n t r i caci e s f o r t h e
r ead er o f ever y age, at t he sam e t i m e i t p r esent s a gr eat f east
o f m eani ngs and i d eas t hat can sat i at e t he need s o f ever y o ne
an d e v e r y t i m e i n ac c o r d an c e w i t h t h e c ap ac i t y o f t h at
p ar t i cul ar age".
T hus t he Q ur 'an i s f o r al l : t he l ear ned as w el l as t he
o r d i n ar y r e ad e r . T o m ak e t h i s c o n c e p t c l e ar , w e c an
c o m p ar e t h e Q u r ' an t o an o c e an . T h e l e ss e ar n e d , l i k e
c h i l d r e n , c o l l e c t p e b b l e s an d sh e l l s f r o m i t s sh o r e s. T h e
Scho l ar s and t hi nk er s, l i k e p ear l d i ver s, b r i ng o ut f r o m i t t he
hi ghest p hi l o so p hy, w i sd o m and r ul es o f p er f ect w ay o f l i vi ng.
Select ed Refer ences :
H o l y Q u r ' an , T r an sl at e d b y M . H . Sh ak i r ( A n sar i y an
Publ i cat io ns)
T af se e r A l - M i z an , B y A l l am ah M u h am m ad H u sse i n
T abat abai.
T he H o l y Q ur an: T ex t , T r ansl at i o n and C o m m ent ar y
b y S. V. M i r A hm ed A l i ( T ahr i k e T ar si l e Q ur an)
T he Seal o f t he Pr o p het s and hi s M essage, By M uj t ab a
M usavi Lar i , T r ansl at ed b y H am i d A l gar .
L e sso n s f r o m Q u r an , B y M u h si n Q ar a' at i ( I sl am i c
Sem i nar y Pub l i cat i o ns)
T h e B i b l e, T h e Q u r an an d Sc i en c e , B y D r . M au r i c e
Bucail le.
A ut hent i ci t y o f t he Q ur an, By I sl am i c Ed ucat i o n Panel ,
T anzani a.
U nd er st and i ng t he U ni q ueness o f t he Q ur an, By A l l am a
M ur t ud ha M ut ahhar i
I sl am , t he Q ur an and t he A r ab i c Li t er at ur e, By El sayed
M . H . O m r an.
39 40
AUTHENTICITY
OF THE HOLY QURAN
Holy Quràn Resource Paper 2
Compiled by:
Shaykh Muslim Bhanji
Published by:
Tabligh Centre of KSI Jamat - Daressalaam
1000 co p i es - Fi r st Pub l i shed Jul y 2004 / Jam ad i l A w w al 1425A H
T ab l i gh C ent r e o f
K . S. I . Jam at - D ar essal aam .
P O Bo x 233,
D ar essal aam
T anzani a
ISBN 9987- 665- 09- 8
C o p y Ri ght : T ab l i gh C ent r e o f K SI Jam at - D sm
Fo r o t her I sl am i c Pub l i cat i o ns w r i t e t o :
T ab l i gh C ent r e
P O Bo x 233
D ar essal aam
T anzani a
T el : 00 255 22 2115119
Fax : 00 255 22 2113107
Em ai l : t ab l i gh@ r aha. co m
W eb si t e: w w w . d ar t ab l i gh. o r g
C o m p i l ed b y:
Shai k h M usl i m Bhanj i
P. O . Bo x 2736 - D o d o m a, T anzani a
T el : ( 255 26) 2322033 / 2323086
C el l : + 255 748 332989
E- m ai l : m usl i m _b hanj i 786@ yaho o . co . uk
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim
AUTHENTICITY OF THE QURAN
CONTENTS:
1. Int r o duct i o n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2. Evi d ences o n t he A ut hent i ci t y o f t he Q ur an. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3. T he Ex cl usi ve El o q uence o f t he Q ur an . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4. T he C hal l enge o f t he Q ur an. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5. T he Sci ent i f i c M i r acl e o f t he Q ur an. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6. A ccur acy o f H i st o r i cal Reco r d s i n t he Q ur an. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7. Pr ed i ct i o ns i n t he Q ur an. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
8. Lack o f C o nt r ad i ct i o n i n t he Q ur an. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
9. Pr o p het M uham m ad ( saw w ) w as U nl et t er ed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
10. N o Resem b l ance b et w een t he W o r d s o f Q ur an and H ad i t h. . . . 44
11. N o n- M usl i m s A d m i t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
12. C o nclusi o n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Int r oduct ion
W h o i s t h e a u t h o r o f t h e Q u r an ? W h at e v e r t h e
ar gu m e n t s o f t h e n o n - b e l i e v e r c r i t i c s, t h e Q u r an st at e s
ex p l i ci t l y:
. ,
, .
'

. .
, . , .
, .
,
'
,
'
,

, , ' ,
' ,
- ' ,
: .
"( Thi s i s) r evel at i on of t he book i n whi ch t her e i s no
doubt , f r om t he Lor d of t he wor l ds. O r do t hey say he
has f or ged i t ? N ay i t i s t he t r ut h f r om t he Lor d."
( 32:2- 3)
Fr o m t he t i m e o f i t s r evel at i o n t i l l t o d ay, p eo p l e have
t r i ed t o cast d o ub t s ab o ut t he D i vi ni t y o f t he H o l y Q ur an, and
have t r i ed t o ar gue i n vai n t hat t he aut ho r o f t he Q ur an i s
Pr o p het M uham m ad hi m sel f ; b ut t hey have no t succeed ed
b ecause o f i t s i nher ent t r ut h.
O u r st u d y o f t h e Q u r ' a n a c q u a i n t s u s w i t h a
d i st i n g u i sh i n g c h a r a c t e r i st i c o f t h i s h o l y b o o k . T h i s
d i st i ngui shi ng char act er i st i c i s t he ab so l ut e aut hent i ci t y o f i t s
so ur ce. T hat i s, w i t ho ut t he sl i ght est need o f any co m p ar i so n
b et w een t he o l d est m anuscr i p t s, i t i s evi d ent t hat w hat w e
r eci t e as t he ver ses o f t he H o l y Q ur 'an, ar e ex act l y t he sam e
w o r d s p r e se n t e d b e f o r e t h e w o r l d b y t h e A l m i gh t y A l l ah
( sw t ) t h r o u gh H i s m e sse n ge r M u h am m ad i b n A b d al l ah
( saw w ) .
I n an o t h e r w o r d s, t h e d i st i n gu i sh e d f e at u r e o f t h e
Q ur 'an i s t he q ual i t y o f i t s co nt ent s: i t s t eachi ngs ar e genui nel y
o r i gi n al an d h av e n o t b e e n ad o p t e d o r p l agi ar i z e d . I t s
t eachi ngs have b een d el i ver ed t o t he Pr o p het f r o m a w o r l d
t hat t r anscend s hi s t ho ught and m i nd . T he Pr o p het ( saw w )
w as o nl y a r eci p i ent o f t hi s r evel at i o n and m essage. A s A l l ah
says:
, -
'
,
,
'
,
'
,

'
'

.
". . . and t hose who ar e f i r ml y r oot ed i n k nowl edge
say: We bel i eve i n i t , i t i s al l f r om our Lor d."
( 3 :7)
T h i s p a p e r a t t e m p t s t o p r e se n t se v e r a l l o g i c a l
ar gum ent s, t ex t ual anal ysi s, hi st o r i cal evi d ence and sci ent i f i c
d at a t o p r o ve t hat t he 'Source of Quran is God', i n a si m p l e
w ay f o r M ad r assa t eacher s t o use as a Reso ur ce p ap er i n t he
sub j ect .
D ue t o m agni t ud e o f t he sub j ect m at t er , t hi s p ap er w i l l
l i m i t i t sel f t o o ne angl e o f d i scussi o n o nl y: si m p l e and st r ai ght
f o r w ar d e v i d e n c e s t o p r o v e t h e "Aut hent i ci t y of t he
Quran as a Word of God". H o w ever , sep ar at e st ud y p ap er
w i l l b e r e q u i r e d t o d i sc u ss an d m ak e c r i t i c al r e v i e w an d
r ef ut at i o n o f : "A ut ho r shi p t heo r i es o n t he so ur ce o f Q ur an
as f o r w ar d ed b y t he unb el i ever s", as t he b i ased unb el i ever s
have f o r w ar d ed sever al b asel ess t heo r i es o n t he aut ho r shi p
o f Q ur an, w hi ch r eq ui r e a d et ai l ed cr i t i q ue.
Si m i l ar l y, al t o get her sep ar at e st ud y p ap er s ar e need ed
o n t he f o l l o w i ng t hem es:
5 6
l Evi d ences o n t he
"Or i gi nal i t y and Genui neness of t he Qur an"
i . e . Q u r an h as r e m ai n e d i m m u n e agai n st an y t yp e o f
i nt er p o l at i o n o r t r ansf i gur at i o n i n i t s t ex t and even i t s
ar r angem ent , co nt r ar y t o o t her r eveal ed b o o k s.
l A st ud y o n
" Co m p a r i so n b et w ee n Q u r a n a n d t h e o t h er r ev ea l ed
book s".
l A p ap er o n
" Pr o c ess o f Revel at i on , Com p i l a t i o n a n d Pr eser vat i on of
Qur an".
Evidences on t he Aut hent icit y of t he Qur a n:
A s t he o p p o nent s w ant us t o b el i eve, t he H o l y Q ur an i s
n o t t h e p r o d u c t o f t h e h o l y Pr o p h e t ' s sp e c u l at i o n an d
t hi nk i ng, r at her i t i s a r eveal ed b o o k i n w hi ch ever y w o r d i s
t h e w o r d o f t h e A l m i gh t y t h at w as c o m m u n i c at e d t o t h e
Pr o p het t hr o ugh t he p r o cess o f r evel at i o n. W hi l e hi st o r i cal
t e st i m o n y i n t h i s r e gar d i s u n q u e st i o n ab l e , t h e Q u r an
em p hasi zes i t f ur t her w i t h a vi ew o f sho w i ng t he o p p o nent s
o f I sl am t h at w h at c am e o u t f r o m t h e sac r e d l i p s o f t h e
Pr o p het w as a d i vi ne r evel at i o n:
. ,
, .
'

. .
, . , .
, .
,
'
,
'
,

, , ' ,
' ,
- ' ,
: .
"( Thi s i s) t he r evel at i on of t he book i n whi ch t her e i s
no doubt , f r om t he Lor d of t he wor l ds. Wi l l t hey say:
' H e h a s f o r ged i t ! ' N a y, i t i s t h e T r u t h f r o m t h e
Lor d...".
( 32:2- 3)
. .
- ' ,
, . ' ,
. .
. ,
, :
'
,
, '
, .
"But Al l ah bear s wi t ness t hat what H e has r eveal ed
t o you ( O M uhammad) , H e has r eveal ed f r om H i s
own k nowl edge, and t he angel s bear wi t ness ( t o i t ) ,
but suf f i ci ent i s Al l ah f or wi t ness".
( 4:166) .
.
'
'
,
-
'
=
'
,
, , :
' =
'
, .
" An d you ( O M uh a m m a d ) d i d no t r ec i t e a ny b ook
bef or e t hi s, nor you wer e abl e t o t r anscr i be one wi t h
your r i ght hand. I n t hat case, i ndeed t hose who t al k
vani t y coul d have doubt ed."
( 29:48) .
Fo l l o w i ng ar e so m e evi d ences and ar gum ent s i n b r i ef ,
t o p r o ve t he aut hent i ci t y o f t he H o l y Q ur an as t he w o r d o f
A l l ah ( sw t ) :
7 8
1. The Exclus ive Eloquence of t he Qur a n:
T h e Pr o p h e t o f I sl am b e gan c o n ve y i n g h i s h e ave n l y
m e ssage s i n t h e m i d st o f so c i e t y w h e r e p e o p l e ' s m i n d s
r e v o l v e d e x c l u si v e l y ar o u n d e l o q u e n t sp e e c h an d t h e
co m p o si t i o n o f b e au t i f u l an d at t r act i ve p o e t r y an d l i t er ar y
e x c e l l e n c e . U n d e r t h e se c o n d i t i o n s, G o d e q u i p p e d H i s
p r o p het w i t h a w eap o n, t he Q ur an, t hat ap p ar ent l y b el o nged
t o t he sam e cat ego r y as t he l i t er ar y w o r k s o f t he age b ut
p o ssessed u n i q u e an d ast o n i sh i n g ch ar act er i st i cs t h at w er e
b eyo nd t he cap aci t y o f t he hum an b ei ng t o r ep r o d uce.
The Role of Poet r y in t he lives of t he Pr e-Is la mic Ar a bs :
T o u n d er st an d w h y M u h am m ad ' s st r o n gest ar gu m en t
o r m i r acl e w as a b o o k , t he H o l y Q ur 'an, i t i s necessar y t o
u n d e r st an d t h e r o l e l an gu age an d l i n gu i st i c c o m p o si t i o n
p l ayed i n t he l i ves o f t he p r e- I sl am i c A r ab s. I t i s al so i m p o r t ant
t o und er st and t he nat ur e o f t he A r ab i c l anguage i t sel f d ur i ng
t he p r e- I sl am i c p er i o d . T hi s und er st and i ng w i l l hel p t o sho w
w hy t he r evel at i o n o f t he Q ur 'an t hr o ugh M uham m ad ( saw w )
f o und at t ent i ve ear s am o ng hi s co nt em p o r ar i es, w ho no t o nl y
w er e ar t i cul at e user s o f t he l anguage b ut hel d t ho se sk i l l ed i n
t he ar t s o f l i ngui st i c co m p o si t i o n i n hi gh est eem .
Bef o r e t he r i se o f I sl am , A r ab i c w as m ai nl y a sp o k en
l anguage w i t h an o r al l i t er at ur e o f el ab o r at e p o et r y and , t o a
l esser ex t ent , p r o se. W r i t i ng had no t yet f ul l y d evel o p ed and
m em o r i zat i o n w as t he m o st co m m o n m eans o f p r eser vi ng
t he l i t er at ur e. Bo t h p o et r y and p r o se i n t he p r e- I sl am i c er a
d eal t w i t h a r at her l i m i t ed r ange o f t o p i cs w hi ch i ncl ud ed i n
t he case o f p o et r y p r ai se, eul o gy ( p anegyr i c) , d ef am at i o n, and
l o ve, and i n t he case o f p r o se sup er st i t i o n, l egend s, p ar ab l es,
and w i sd o m t al es.
Pr e- I sl am i c A r ab s t o o k gr eat p r i d e i n t hei r l anguage and
i n ar t i cul at e and accur at e sp eech, t he l at t er b ei ng o ne o f t he
m ai n r e q u i si t e s f o r so c i al p r o m i n e n ce . O n t h i s p ar t i c u l ar
p o i nt , Pr o f esso r H i t t i w r i t es:
" N o p e o p l e i n t h e w o r l d m a n i f est su c h en t h u si a st i c
adm i r at i on f or l i t er ar y expr essi on and ar e m oved by t he
wor d, spok en or wr i t t en, as t he Ar abs. H ar dl y any l anguage
seem s capabl e of exer ci si ng over t he m i nds of i t s user s
such an i r r esi st i bl e i nf l uence as Ar abi c".
Such w as t he r o l e t hat t he sp o k en w o r d p l ayed i n t he
l i f e o f p r e - I sl am i c A r ab s. W i t h t h e e m p h asi s p l ac e d o n
e l o q u e n t an d ar t i c u l at e sp e e c h , t h e p r o m i n e n t p o si t i o n
o c c u p i e d b y t h o se w h o h a d t h e t a l e n t f o r l i n g u i st i c
co m p o si t i o n , an d t h e p r i d e t h e e ar l y A r ab s t o o k i n t h e i r
l anguage, i t i s l i t t l e w o nd er t hat t he Q ur 'an w as r eveal ed i n
t he m o st el o q uent , ar t i cul at e, and el ab o r at e st yl e t he A r ab i c
l anguage has k no w n. T he Q ur 'an has w i t ho ut d o ub t p r o vi d ed
a l evel o f l i ngui st i c ex cel l ence unp ar al l el ed i n t he hi st o r y o f t he
A r ab i c l anguage.
T heo l o gi ans ex p l ai n t hi s p heno m eno n as Go d 's w i sd o m
i n ad d r essi n g t h e ar t i cu l at e A r ab s t h r o u gh t h e m e d i u m i n
w hi ch t hey w er e m o st ad ep t and w i t h w hi ch t hey f el t m o st
9 10
c o m f o r t ab l e . T h e e f f e c t i v e n e ss o f t h e Q u r ' an w as t h u s
ensur ed b y t he f act t hat i t r ep r esent ed a l evel o f el o q uence
unat t ai nab l e even b y t hei r m o st el o q uent sp eak er s.
Mir a cles s hould be r eleva nt t o t he t ime
Go d o f f e r e d t h e Q u r ' an as t h e Pr o p h et ' s si gn i n t h e
sam e w ay as H e o f f er ed si gns f o r al l t he o t her p r o p het s. H e
sent t he t hi ngs m o st ap p r o p r i at e t o t he t i m e i n w hi ch t hey
w er e sent . T hus Pr o p het M usa ( as) had t he p o w er t o d i vi d e
t he sea w i t h hi s hand and r o d , and t o l et t he r o ck b ur st f o r t h
w i t h w at er i n t he d eser t , and al l hi s o t her si gns i n a t i m e o f
m agi c. A nd Pr o p het I ssa ( as) had t he p o w er t o b r i ng t he d ead
b ack t o l i f e, t o m ak e b i r d s o ut o f cl ay, t o cur e t ho se w ho had
b een b l i nd f r o m b i r t h and t he l ep r o us, and al l hi s o t her si gns i n
a t i m e o f m ed i ci ne. A nd Pr o p het M uham m ad ( saw w ) had t he
b o o k and al l hi s o t her si gns i n a t i m e o f el o q uence.
I f t he Pr o p het had p er f o r m ed so m e m i r acl e o t her t han
t he Q ur an, i t w o ul d have no m eani ng f o r t hat p eo p l e, gi ven
t hei r m ent al st r uct ur e. T he p at h w o ul d have b een o p en f o r al l
k i nd s o f d o ub t and hesi t at i o n. But t he A r ab s o f t hat age w ho
w er e ad d r essed b y t he Q ur an co ul d never have any d o ub t s
ab o ut i t s ex t r ao r d i nar y el o q uence, f o r t hey w er e al l aw ar e o f
al l t h e m y st e r i e s o f r h e t o r i c an d h ad l i v i n g am o n g t h e m
m ast e r s o f l an gu age an d l i t e r ar y co m p o si t i o n , h en ce t h ei r
ad m i t t i ng t hat t he Q ur an co ul d no t have b een t he p r o d uct i o n
o f Pr o p het M uham m ad ( saw w ) .
2. The Cha llenge of t he Qur a n:
The Unbeliever s fa iled t o pr oduce t he like of Qur a n
W h en t h e r ev el at i o n s o f t h e Q u r an b e gan , t h e M o st
N o b l e M essen ge r cl e ar l y p r o c l ai m e d t h e Q u r an t o b e t h e
w o r d o f Go d , and sai d i t w as i m p o ssi b l e f o r any hum an b ei ng
t o d u p l i c at e i t . I f an y o n e d i sagr ee d , h e o u gh t t o m ak e an
at t em p t t o co p y i t , and sho ul d f eel f r ee t o seek hel p f r o m any
so ur ce i n d o i ng so . N o ne w as ab l e t o t ak e up t hi s chal l enge
and p r o d uce even a sho r t sur ah si m i l ar t o t he Q ur an.
T h e Q u r ' an r em ai n s a b o o k o f i n i m i t ab l e q u al i t y, n o t
o n l y f r o m a l i n gu i st i c b u t al so f r o m an i n t el l ect u al p o i n t o f
v i e w . W h e n M u h am m ad w as c h al l e n ge d b y h i s f e l l o w
c o u n t r y m e n t o p r e se n t a m i r ac l e , i n k e e p i n g w i t h t h e
t r ad i t i o n o f o t h e r p r o p h e t s, h e p r e se n t e d t h e Q u r ' an t o
t hem . T he i ni m i t ab i l i t y o f t he Q ur 'an i s r ep eat ed l y em p hasi zed
i n t he H o l y Bo o k i t sel f .
T h e Q u r a n i ssu e d a c h a l l e n g e n o t o n l y t o t h e
co nt em p o r ar i es o f t he Pr o p het b ut al so t o m en i n al l ages. I n
o r d er t o d em o nst r at e t he i ncap aci t y and i m p o t ence o f p eo p l e
t o i m i t at e i t , i t i ssued t he f o l l o w i ng uni ver sal p r o cl am at i o n:
'
.
. .
. .
'
'
'
, ,
'
,
'
, ,
, .
'
,' ,
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" W er e a l l m a n k i nd t o c om e t o get h er a n d wi sh t o
p r o d u c e t h e l i k e o f t h e Q u r a n , t h ey w o u l d n ever
11 12
succeed, however much t hey ai ded each ot her ".
( 17: 88)
I t t hen m o d i f i es t he chal l enge and r ed uces i t s sco p e b y
sayi ng:
,
'
,
'
,
, , '
'
'
, ,
' ,
'
, , . ' ,

'
, '
-
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'
, . , .
"D o peopl e i magi ne t hat t hi s Q ur an i s not f r om U s,
and t hat you, O Pr ophet ar e f al sel y at t r i but i ng t o us?
Tel l t hem t hat i f t hey ar e speak i ng t r ul y t hey shoul d
pr oduce t en sur ahs r esembl i ng t he Q ur an, and t hat
t hey ar e f r ee t o cal l on t he ai d of anyone but God i n
so doi ng."
( 11 :13 )
T hen, at t he t hi r d st age, t he sco p e o f t he chal l enge i s
r ed u ced st i l l f u r t h er : t h e d en i er s ar e cal l ed o n t o p r o d u ce
o nl y a si ngl e sur ah r esem b l i ng t he Q ur an:

'
.
'
. , , .
'
, ,
' ,

' ,
'
,
'
, '
-
'
'
, . , .
"O h peopl e, i f you doubt t he heavenl y or i gi n of t hi s
Book whi ch We have sent down t o O ur ser vant , t he
Pr ophet , pr oduce one sur ah l i k e i t ."
( 2:23)
A yet s t r ong er cha lleng e occur s in a not her cha pt er :
,
'
,
'
,
, '
'
'
, ,
' ,
' ,

'
,
'
-
'
'
, . , .
"O r do t hey say: 'H e f or ged i t '? Say: 'Br i ng t hen a sur a
l i k e unt o i t and cal l [ t o your ai d] anyone you can".
( 10:38)
Si nce w e k no w t hat so m e o f t he sho r t er sur ahs co nsi st
o nl y o f a f ew b r i ef sent ences, t hi s f i nal chal l enge co nst i t ut ed a
d ef i ni t i ve p r o o f o f t he hum an b ei ng's i nab i l i t y t o i m i t at e t he
Q ur an. C an t he p er so n o f t o d ay t ak e up t he chal l enge o f t he
Q ur an and p r o d uce a Sur ah l i k e i t , t her eb y co nq uer i ng t he
st r o ngho l d o f I sl am and i nval i d at i ng t he cl ai m o f i t s Pr o p het ?
L e t u s n o t f o r ge t t h at t h i s c h al l e n ge w as i ssu e d t o a
p eo p l e w h o se l e ad er s w er e t h r eat e n ed b y t h e d e vast at i n g
at t ack s o f t he Q ur an - t hei r l i ves, t hei r p r o p er t y, t hei r anci ent
cust o m s, t hei r ancest o r s, t hei r w ho l e so ci al p o si t i o n. I f i t had
b een at al l p o ssi b l e f o r t he A r ab s t o r esp o nd t o t he chal l enge
o f t he Q ur an, t hey w o ul d have t ak en i t up i m m ed i at el y, w i t h
t he unst i nt i ng ai d o f t he m ast er s o f el o q uence t hat w er e b y
no m eans r ar e i n t hat age. T hus t hey w o ul d have i nval i d at ed
t he p r o o f s o f t he Q ur an and w o n an ever l ast i ng vi ct o r y.
Q ur an has p r o p o sed a ver y si m p l e chal l enge t o t ho se
w h o o p p o se i t . W h y d o t h en t h e d en i e r s o f p r o p h e t h o o d
ch o o se r o u n d ab o u t w ay s, av o i d i n g t h i s d i r e ct m e t h o d o f
co nf r o nt i ng and d ef eat i ng I sl am ? I s no t b ecause t he d o o r i s
13 14
f i r m l y cl o sed o n m eet i ng t he chal l enge p o sed b y t he Q ur an?
I t i s no t t hat t hey d i d no t t r y t o m ut e t he chal l enge.
I nf act , t hey cal l ed i nt o p l ay al l t hei r r eso ur ces i n an ef f o r t t o
m eet t he chal l enge o f t he Q ur an, b ut al l t hei r ef f o r t s cam e t o
naught . T hey w er e unab l e t o p o i nt even t o a si ngl e er r o r o r
d ef ect i n t he Q ur an, and w er e o b l i ged t o ad m i t t hat i t s w o r d s
w er e si t uat ed o n a hi gher p l ane t han t he t ho ught and sp eech
o f t he hum an b ei ng.
3. The Scient ific Mir a cle of t he Qur a n:
T he Q ur an i s d ef i ni t el y no t a Sci ence b o o k , b ut si nce
t he Q ur an i s i nt end ed t o b e an et er nal m i r acl e, r eveal ed t o
m ak e sci ence and l ear ni ng b l o sso m am o ng hum an b ei ngs, i t i s
al so a sc i e n t i f i c m i r ac l e . I t h as e x p o u n d e d , i n t h e m o st
el o q u en t f ash i o n , t r u t h s o f a p h ysi cal n at u r e t o get h er w i t h
e v e r y t h i n g t h at t o u c h e s. A l t h o u gh t h o se w h o ar e n o t
acq uai nt ed w i t h t he sci ent i f i c t r ut hs canno t f ul l y ap p r eci at e i t s
m i r acul o usness, t hey can p er cei ve t he m i r acul o us nat ur e o f
t he m eani ngs and t r ut hs i t co nt ai ns.
Holy Qur a n is ever la s t ing Mir a cle
T he l i m i t at i o n i n t i m e o f t he m i r acl es p er f o r m ed b y t he
ear l i er Pr o p het s w as an i nd i cat i o n o f t he i m p er m anence o f
t hei r r el i gi o ns and t he l aw s t hat t hey b r o ught . By co nt r ast , t he
m i r acl e at t est i ng t o t he p r o p het ho o d f o r t he Pr o p het o f I sl am
canno t b e t em p o r al l y l i m i t ed , b ecause hi s m essage i s uni ver sal
and r ep r esent s t he cul m i nat i o n o f al l p r eced i ng r el i gi o ns; hi s
p r o p h e t h o o d r e q u i r e s an e t e r n al m i r ac l e , a b r i l l i an t an d
el o q uent p r o o f o f i t s i m m o r t al i t y em b ed d ed w i t h t he o ngo i ng
sci ent i f i c d i sco ver i es.
A p e r m an e n t m e ssage m u st d i sp l ay t o m an k i n d a
p er m anent and ever l ast i ng m i r acl e, o ne w hi ch ad vances w i t h
t i m e, so t hat j ust as i t o f f er ed co nvi nci ng p r o o f t o p eo p l e o f
t h e p ast , i t m ay d o t h e sam e t o p e o p l e o f t h e f u t u r e . A
sho r t - l i ved m i r acl e t hat i s i m p er cep t i b l e t o l at er gener at i o ns
canno t b e a so ur ce o f r ef er ence o r j ud gm ent f o r t he f ut ur e.
Fo r t hi s r easo n, t he Q ur an i s p r esent ed as a p er m anent
an d e v e r l ast i n g m i r ac l e , t h e f i n al m an i f e st at i o n o f G o d ' s
r evel at i o n. T he Q ur an i t sel f says:

. . .
. . .
'
,
: .
'
' ,
, _
'

, ,' .
"The t r ue and wel l - f or mul at ed message of your Lor d
has now been compl et ed, and none i s abl e t o change
it . And H e i s Al l - H ear i ng and Al l - Knowi ng".
( 6:1 1 6 )
Fo r M usl i m s, t he m i r acul o usness o f t he Q ur an i s no t
o n l y a m at t e r o f r e l i gi o u s b e l i e f , b u t f o r sc h o l ar s an d
r e se ar c h e r s i t i s a m at t e r o f sc i e n t i f i c b e l i e f . T h e Q u r an
p o sse sses a r em ar k ab l e c o m p r eh e n si v en ess an d r i ch n e ss,
w i t h r esp ect t o i t s w o r l d vi ew and sci ent i f i c co nt ent , and i t s
ab i l i t y t o gui d e no t o nl y t he i nd i vi d ual and so ci et y i n sp i r i t ual
asp e ct , b u t al so i n t h e r eal m s o f n at u r al e n v i r o n m e n t an d
m yst er i es o f l i f e. T her e ar e st i l l m any m at t er s co nt ai ned i n t he
15 16
Q u r an t h at c al l f o r i n v e st i gat i o n an d aw ai t d i sc o v e r y b y
f ur t her r esear ch.
Ho l y Qu r a n i s i n t o t a l a g r e e m e n t w i t h m o d e r n
s cient ific da t a
T h r o u gh o u t ages, m an k i n d h as u n d er go n e n u m er o u s
changes, and p assi ng t hr o ugh r ep eat ed st ages o f d evel o p m ent
and gr o w t h, i t has at t ai ned a m o r e co m p r ehensi ve aw ar eness
o f t he m yst er i es o f cr eat i o n. N o net hel ess, t he Q ur an has at
al l t i m e s r e t ai n e d i t s p r o u d an d d i gn i f i ed p r e se n ce o n t h e
st age o f hum an hi st o r y and sci ent i f i c d i sco ver i es.
D r . M au r i ce B u cai l l e , t h e Fr e n c h sc i e n t i st , w r i t e s as
fo l l o w s:
" A c r u c i a l f a c t i s t h at t h e Q u r a n , w h i l e i n vi t i n g u s t o
c u l t i vat e sc i en c e, i t sel f c o n t a i n s m an y ob ser vat i on s on
n a t u r a l p h en o m en a a n d i n c l u d es ex p l a n a t o r y d e t a i l s
w h i c h a r e seen t o b e i n t ot a l agr eem en t w i t h m od er n
sci ent i f i c dat a. . . . . .
"These sci ent i f i c consi der at i ons, whi ch ar e ver y speci f i c t o
t he Qur an, gr eat l y sur pr i sed m e f i r st . U p unt i l t hen, I had
not t hought i t possi bl e f or one t o f i nd so m any st at em ent s
i n a t ex t c o m p i l e d m o r e t h a n t h i r t een c en t u r i es a go
r ef er r i n g t o ex t r em el y d i ver se su b j ec t s an d al l of t h em
t ot al l y i n k eepi ng wi t h m oder n sci ent i f i c k nowl edge. . . . . . A
t hor ough l i ngui st i c k nowl edge i s not i n i t sel f suf f i ci ent t o
under st and t hese ver ses f r om t he Qur an. W hat i s needed
al ong wi t h t hi s i s a hi ghl y di ver si f i ed k nowl edge of Sci ence.
. . . . . T h e h y p o t h e s i s a d v a n c e d b y t h o s e w h o s e e
M uham m ad as t he aut hor of Qur an i s qui t e unt enabl e.
H ow coul d a m an, f r om bei ng i l l i t er at e, becom e t he m ost
i m por t ant aut hor , i n t er m s of l i t er ar y m er i t , i n t he whol e
of Ar abi c l i t er at ur e? H ow coul d he t hen pr onounce t r ut hs
of a sci ent i f i c nat ur e t hat no ot her hum an bei ng coul d
possi bl y have devel oped at t he t i m e, and al l t hi s wi t hout
once m ak i ng t he sl i ght est er r or i n hi s pr onouncem ent s on
t he subj ect ?
" T h e i d ea s i n t h i s st u d y a r e d evel o p ed f r o m a p u r el y
sci ent i f i c poi nt of vi ew. They l ead t o t he concl usi on t hat i t
i s i nconcei vabl e f r om a hum an bei ng l i vi ng i n t he sevent h
cent ur y A. D . t o have m ade st at em ent s i n t he Qur an on a
gr eat var i et y of subj ect s t hat do not bel ong t o hi s per i od
and f or t hem t o be i n k eepi ng wi t h what was t o be k nown
on l y c en t u r i es l a t er . Fo r m e, t h er e c a n b e n o h u m a n
expl anat i on t o t he Qur an".
Ho l y Qu r a n e n c o u r a g e s s e e k i n g o f s c i e n c e a n d
knowledge
N o o t her r eveal ed b o o k p r ai ses and enco ur ages sci ence
and k no w l ed ge as d o es t he Q ur 'an and i t i s f o r t hi s r easo n
t hat t he Q ur 'an nam es t he age o f t he d eser t A r ab s, t o get her
w i t h t h e i r p agan c u l t u r e s, b e f o r e I sl am as t h e " age o f
i gno r ance. " I n o ver a hund r ed ver ses r ef er ence i s m ad e t o
sc i e n ce an d k n o w l e d ge i n a v ar i e t y o f w ay s; an d m an y o f
t hese ver ses p r ai se t he val ue o f sci ent i f i c k no w l ed ge.
17 18
I n Q ur an, Go d i nd i cat es t he f avo ur he has d o ne m an b y
b r i ngi ng hi m o ut o f hi s st at e o f i gno r ance.

, .
, ,
, .
"H e t eaches man what he di d not k now."
( 96:5)
Li k ew i se, w e r ead i n Q ur an,
, ,
'
,
'
,
'
,
,
'
'
,
, - . .
" Go d wi l l ex a l t t h o se w h o bel i eve a m o n g yo u a nd
t hose who have k nowl edge t o hi gh r ank s,"
( 58: 11)
and A l l ah ( sw t ) al so says,

, ,
' ,
, .
' , .
"Ar e t hose who k now equal t o t hose who do not ".
( 39:9) .
B e si d e s t h e m an y v e r se s i n t h e Q u r ' an c o n c e r n i n g
k no w l ed ge, t her e ar e al so co unt l ess t r ad i t i o ns o f t he Pr o p het
an d t h e I m am s o n t h i s su b j e c t w h i c h r an k se co n d o n l y i n
i m p o r t ance t o t he Q ur 'an.
I n ver ses t o o num er o us t o m ent i o n, t he Q ur 'an i nvi t es
o ne t o r ef l ect up o n t he si gns o f cr eat i o n: t he heavens, t he
shi ni ng st ar s and t hei r ast o ni shi ng cel est i al m o vem ent s, and
t h e co sm i c o r d er w h i ch r u l e s o v er t h em al l . Si m i l ar l y, t h e
Q ur 'an ur ges o ne t o r ef l ect up o n t he cr eat i o n o f t he ear t h,
t h e se as, t h e m o u n t ai n s, t h e d e se r t , an d t h e w o n d e r s
co n t ai n e d b e l o w t h e su r f ac e o f t h e e ar t h , t h e d i f f e r e n ce
b et w een ni ght and d ay and t he changi ng cycl e o f seaso ns. I t
ur ges m ank i nd t o m ed i t at e o n t he ex t r a o r d i nar y cr eat i o n o f
t h e p l an t s an d t h e o r d e r an d sy m m e t r y go v e r n i n g t h e i r
gr o w t h, as w el l as t he m ul t i p l i ci t y o f t he ani m al k i ngd o m .
T he Q ur 'an i nvi t es o ne t o w i t ness t he i nt er d ep end ence
o f b ei ngs and ho w al l l i ve i n har m o ny w i t h nat ur e. I t cal l s up o n
m an al so , t o p o nd er o n hi s o w n m ak e- up , o n t he secr et s o f
cr eat i o n w h i ch ar e h i d d e n w i t h i n h i m , o n h i s so u l , o n t h e
d e p t h o f h i s p e r c e p t i o n , an d o n h i s r e l at i o n sh i p w i t h t h e
w o r l d o f t he sp i r i t .
T he Q ur 'an co m m and s m an t o t r avel i n t he w o r l d i n
o r d er t o w i t ness o t her cul t ur es and t o i nvest i gat e t he so ci al
o r d er s, hi st o r y and p hi l o so p hi es o f p ast p eo p l e. T hus i t cal l s
m an t o a st u d y o f t h e n at u r al sc i e n c e s, m a t h e m at i c s,
p hi l o so p hy, t he ar t s and al l sci ences avai l ab l e t o m an, and t o
st u d y t h e m f o r t h e b e n e f i t o f m an an d t h e w e l l - b e i n g o f
so ci et y.
T h e Q u r ' an st r o n gl y r ec o m m e n d s t h e st u d y o f t h e se
sci ences o n t he co nd i t i o n t hat i t l ead s t o t r ut h and r eal i t y, t hat
i t p r o d u c e s a c o r r e c t v i e w o f t h e w o r l d b ase d o n an
und er st and i ng o f Go d .
K no w l ed ge, w hi ch m er el y k eep s a m an o ccup i ed and
p r event s hi m f r o m k no w i ng t he r eal i t y o f hi s o w n ex i st ence,
i s eq uat ed w i t h i gno r ance. A l l ah ( sw t ) says i n Q ur an :
, . .
. ' . , ~
- , , '
, ' ,
.

- , ' ,

'
, .
"They k now onl y some appear ance of t he l i f e of one
wor l d and ar e heedl ess of t he H er eaf t er "
( 30:7) .
19 20
. ,
, . . .
, , , '
' -'
,
.
, . ,
, , ,
, -
,' .
"H ave you seen hi m who mak es hi s desi r e hi s god,
and Al l ah sends hi m ast r ay pur posel y and seal s up hi s
hear t and set s a cover i ng on hi s hear t . Then who wi l l
l ead hi m af t er Al l ah. Wi l l you not t hen be mi ndf ul ".
( 45: 23)
H o w e v e r , o n e i m p o r t an t p o i n t w h i c h sh o u l d b e
co nsi d er ed w hi l e d i scussi ng t he Sci ent i f i c m i r acl es i n Q ur an i s
t hat : Sci ent i f i c i nt er p r et at i o ns ar e al w ays unst ab l e d ue t o t he
i nst ab i l i t y o f t he hyp o t heses and t he t heo r i es ad o p t ed b y t he
t heo r et i ci ans. Si nce no hyp o t hesi s i s t he l ast o ne, ever y new
i n v e n t i o n r e q u i r e s a n e w t h e o r y f o r i t s i n t e r p r e t at i o n o r
ex p l an at i o n . T h e r e f o r e , sc i e n t i f i c t h e o r i e s ar e su b j e c t t o
change. Li k e t he Ei nst ei n's t heo r y o f r el at i vi t y t hat changed
t he N ew t o n's p hysi cs, o r t he r esul t s o f ar chaeo l o gi cal st ud i es
canno t b e t ak en f o r gr ant ed t o b e t he d ef i ni t e m eani ng.
Some br ief exa mples of Scient ific da t a in t he Qur a n:
A) The Ea r t h a nd Hea vens wer e j oined t og et her :
A l l sci ent i f i c ci r cl es i n t he w o r l d t o d ay agr ee t hat t he
p l anet s w er e o r i gi nal l y co m p o sed o f a m ass o f So d i um gas
and t hat f i r st t he heavens and t he ear t h w er e j o i ned t o get her
as a si ngl e ent i t y and t hen t hey sep ar at ed f r o m each o t her .
C ent ur i es ago , t he Q ur an r ef er r ed t o t hi s sci ent i f i c t heo r y.
I t says w hen d escr i b i ng t he cr eat i o n o f t he heavens:
'
,
' -
.
"Then God t ur ned t o t he cr eat i on of t he heavens ( t he
pl anet s) , when t hey wer e but a smok y subst ance."
( 41: 11)
. , , . ,
. , .
,'
, . .

,' -
.
'
. -
, ' ,
'
, .
"D o t he unbel i ever s not see t hat t he heavens and t he
ea r t h w er e j o i n ed t o get h er b ef o r e w e sep a r a t ed
t h em , a n d t h a t W e b r o u gh t a l l l i vi n g t h i n g s i n t o
exi st ence f r om wat er ? Why do t hey st i l l not bel i eve i n
God?"
( 21: 30)
T hus t he Q ur an unvei l s o ne o f t he gr eat m yst er i es o f
n at u r e : t h e p l an e t s w e r e o r i gi n al l y c o m p o se d o f sm o k y
sub st ance ( m ass o f So d i um gas) , and t he sep ar at i o n o f t he
p l anet s f r o m a huge o b j ect and t hen t hei r sep ar at i o n f r o m
each o t her . Si nce at t he t i m e o f r evel at i o n o f t he Q ur an, t he
gener al l evel o f k no w l ed ge and sci ence w as ex t r em el y l o w ,
d o es t hi s no t co nst i t ut e a p r o o f o f t he heavenl y nat ur e o f t he
Q ur an?
B) Expa ns ion of Univer s e:
O ne o f t he m o st sub t l e d i sco ver i es i n sci ence co ncer ns
t he ex p ansi o n o f uni ver se, i t s t end ency co nst ant l y t o ex t end
i t s b o und ar i es. T hi s w as so m et hi ng co m p l et el y unk no w n t o
21 22
t h e h u m an b e i n g u n t i l t h e l ast c e n t u r y . T h i s m y st e r y i s,
ho w ever , m ent i o ned b y t he Q ur an i n t he f o l l o w i ng t er m s,
w hi ch agai n b ear w i t ness t o i t s r em ar k ab l e p r o f und i t y w hen
d i scussi ng such m at t er s:
. ,
, ,
' , ' ,
" W e c r ea t ed t h e h ea ven s w i t h O u r st r en gt h a n d
power , and const ant l y expand t hem".
( 51: 47)
C) For ce of Gr a vit y:
W e k no w t hat b ef o r e t he t i m e o f N ew t o n, t hat gr eat
sc i e n t i f i c p e r so n al i t y , n o o n e w as aw ar e o f t h e f o r c e o f
gr avi t y. N ew t o n p r o ved t hat t he f al l i ng o f o b j ect s t o ear t h,
t he r o t at i o n o f t he m o o n and t he Venus, t he m o t i o n o f t he
p l anet s, and o t her i nst ances o f at t r act i o n ar e al l sub j ect t o t he
si ngl e l aw , t he l aw o f uni ver sal gr avi t y.
T he Q ur an d escr i b es t he ab o ve m ent i o ned gr avi t at i o nal
f o r ce as 'i nvi si b l e p i l l ar s':
-'
, . ,
, ,
,
'
,
, .
" Go d i t i s W h o r a i sed u p t h e h e a ven l y b o d i es t o
i nvi si bl e pi l l ar s ....."
( 13:2)
I n co nveyi ng t hi s sci ent i f i c t r ut h, t he Q ur an has used an
ex p r essi o n t hat i s co m p r ehensi b l e f o r t he m en o f al l ages. A r e
t hese 'unseen p i l l ar s', w hi ch p r event t he p l anet s f r o m co l l i d i ng
w i t h each o t her o r f al l i ng, anyt hi ng o t her t han t he m yst er i o us
an d i n vi si b l e f o r ce o f u n i ve r sal gr av i t y, a l aw t o w h i ch t h e
C r e at o r o f t h e u n i ve r se h as su b j ec t ed al l o f t h e h e ave n l y
b o d i es?
D) Pr oduct ion of Milk in a nima ls :
T he Q ur an d escr i b es t he f act o r s w hi ch gi ve r i se t o m i l k
i n ani m al s i n a w ay t hat i s ent i r el y co m p at i b l e w i t h t he d at a o f
m o d er n sci ence.
T hi s i s w hat Go d 's b o o k has t o say:

.
'
. , . .

'
,
'
, , ' =
'
,
, ,
, .
, .
"Ther e i s i n t r ut h f or you a l esson i n your ani mal s and
f l ock s. We gi ve you t o dr i nk a pur e mi l k der i ved f r om
t h a t w h i c h i s c o n t a i n ed i n t h ei r b o d i es, f r o m t h e
mer gi ng of what i s hel d i n t hei r i nt est i nes wi t h bl ood.
The dr i nk i ng of t hat i s t hen made easy f or t hose who
dr i nk i t ."
( 16: 6 6) .
D r . Bucai l l e w r i t es i n hi s b o o k :
" Fr o m a sc i en t i f i c p oi n t of vi ew , p h y si o l o gi c a l n o t i o n s
m ust be cal l ed upon t o gr asp t he m eani ng of t hi s ver se.
The subst ances t hat ensur e t he gener al nut r i t i on of t he
b ody c om e f r om c h em i c a l t r an sf or m at i on s w h i c h o c c u r
al ong t he l engt h of t he di gest i ve t r act . These subst ances
com e f r om t he cont ent s of t he i nt est i ne. On ar r i val i n t he
23 24
i n t e s t i n e a t t h e a p p r o p r i a t e s t a g e o f c h e m i c a l
t r ansf or m at i on, t hey pass t hr ough i t s wal l and t owar ds t he
sy st e m i c c i r c u l a t i o n ( o f b l o o d ) . . . . . . T h i s ver y p r ec i se
c o n c ep t i s t h e r esu l t o f t h e d i sc o v er i es m a d e i n t h e
chem i st r y and physi ol ogy of t he di gest i ve syst em . I t was
t ot al l y unk nown at t he t i m e of t he Pr ophet M uham m ad
and has been under st ood onl y i n r ecent t i m es. "
E) In Pa ir s :
I t i s o nl y r ecent l y t hat r esear cher s have co m e aw ar e o f
i n se m i n at i o n i n p l an t s an d l ear n e d t h at e v er y l i v i n g b e i n g
i n cl u d i n g p l an t s c o m e s i n t o e x i st e n ce as t h e r esu l t o f t h e
m er gi ng o f a m al e and f em al e p ar t s.
I n ver ses t hat ar e t o t al l y f r ee o f am b i gui t y, t he no b l e
Q ur an, set s f o r t h cl ear l y t he p r i nci p l e o f gend er i n t he gend er
w o r l d , t o get her w i t h t he ex i st ence o f m al e and f em al e p ar t s
even i n p l ant s.

'
, . -
- ,
.
" . . a n d of a l l f r u i t s H e ha s m a d e i t i n p a i r s of t wo
( gender s) ".
( 13 :3 )
F) Role of Wind:
T he Q ur an al so m ent i o ns t he r o l e and o p er at i o n o f an
i m p o r t ant f act o r i n t he b r i ngi ng o f t hi ngs t o f r ui t i o n: t he w i nd .

, _
, _
. .
'
' , '

'
,
,
"We have sent t he wi nds as a means of i nsemi nat i on
and i mpr egnat i on, and t hen sent down r ai n f r om t he
heavens. We gi ve i t t o you t o dr i nk f r om i t . I t i s not
you who st or e i t up ."
( 15: 22)
I n t hi s ver se, t he Q ur an unvei l s ano t her a gr eat m yst er y
o f cr eat i o n, t he f und am ent al r o l e p l ayed b y t he w i nd i n t he
f er t i l i zat i o n o f p l ant s.
G) Lig ht in t he Moon is mer ely a Reflect ion:
I t i s k no w n t hat t he sun i s a st ar t hat gener at es i nt ense
heat and l i ght b y i t s i nt er nal co m b ust i o n, and t hat t he m o o n
w hi ch d o es no t gi ve o f f l i ght i t sel f , m er el y r ef l ect s t he l i ght
r ecei ved f r o m t he sun.
T he Q ur an t est i f i es t he ab o ve f act :
. ,
. -
. , ' ,' - -
, , , -
, ' , , .
"Bl essed i s t he O ne Who pl aced t he const el l at i ons i n
heaven and pl aced i n i t a l amp ( SI RAJ) and a moon,
gi vi ng l i ght ( M U N I I RA) ".
( 25: 61)
H er e t he m o o n i s d ef i ned as a b o d y t hat gi ves r ef l ect i o n
o f l i ght ( M uni i r a) , w hi l e t he sun i s co m p ar ed t o a b l azi ng l am p
25 26
o r t o r ch ( Si r aj ) .
H) Hig h Alt it ude:
I t i s i n f ac t a h i gh l y c o m m o n p l ac e r e f l e c t i o n o n t h e
d i sco m f o r t ex p er i enced at hi gh al t i t ud e, w hi ch i ncr eases t he
hi gher o ne cl i m b s, t hat i s ex p r essed i n t he Q ur an ver se 125,
sur a 6:
. . ,' . ,
'
, , , ,
, _ .
,' ,
,' . .
, -
. .
- , -
, . ' .
: , -
'

' ,
, .
,' ,

'
, .
" T h o se w h o m Go d w i l l s t o gu i d e, H e o p en s t h ei r
br ea st t o I sl a m . W h i l e t ho se wh om H e wi l l s t o l et
st r a y i n g , H e m a k e s t h e i r b r e a t h c l o se d a n d
const r i ct ed, as i f t hey had t o cl i mb up t he sk i es. Thus
d o es Al l a h l a y u n c l ea n l i n ess o n t h o se w h o d o n ot
bel i eve."
( 6:1 26)
W ho i nf o r m ed t he Pr o p het t hat b y cl i m b i ng up i n t he
sk i es, t he p r essur e i ncr eases and b r eat hi ng b eco m es d i f f i cul t ?
I) Honey Bees :
C o ncer ni ng b ees, t he Q ur an says:

- ,' :
,' ,' ,
- ,
, ,
'
, .
'
,
'

'
, .

'

' ' .
:
'
'
, . -
,' _' ,' =

'
, ,
, . ' -
.
" Yo ur L or d i nsp i r ed t he ( f em a l e) bee, c h oose your
dwel l i ng i n t he hi l l s, i n t he t r ees and i n what ( man)
bui l d. Eat of al l f r ui t and f ol l ow t he ways of your Lor d
i n humi l i t y. Fr om wi t hi n t hei r bodi es comes a l i qui d of
di f f er ent col our s wher e i s cur e f or men".
( 16:6 8- 69)
Q ur an r ef er s t hat t he w o r k er - b ees w ho ar e sear chi ng
f o r f o o d ar e f e m al e s. T h e v e r b s u se d i n A r ab i c r e f e r t o
f em al e b e es. T h i s i s ver y am az i n g. Fo r al l al o n g, u n t i l o n l y
r ecent l y, p eo p l e i m agi ned t hat t he "so l d i er - b ees" w er e m al es.
J ) Development of t he Embr yo:
T h e Q u r an i c d e sc r i p t i o n o f c e r t ai n st age s i n t h e
d evel o p m ent o f t he em b r yo co r r esp o nd s ex act l y t o w hat w e
t o d ay k no w ab o ut i t . A f t er 't he t hi ng w hi ch cl i ngs', t he Q ur an
i n f o r m s u s t h at t h e e m b r y o p asse s t h r o u gh t h e st age o f
'chew ed f l esh', t hen t i ssue ap p ear s and i s cl ad i n f l esh:
'
. , -
. .
'
. =
' .
. ' . .
-
'
,
' -
, - '
- '
, .
" T h en W e f a sh i o n ed t h e see d i n t o a t h i n g w h i c h
c l i n gs ( Al a q a t a n ) . W e f a sh i o n ed t h e t h i n g w h i c h
27 28
cl i ngs i nt o a chewed l ump of f l esh and We f ashi oned
t h e c h ewed f l esh i n t o b o n es, a n d W e c l ot h ed t he
bones wi t h i nt act f l esh. Then We caused i t t o gr ow
i nt o anot her cr eat i on, so bl essed be Al l ah, t he best of
t he cr eat or s.".
( 23:14) .
I t w as o nl y d ur i ng t he ni net eent h cent ur y t hat p eo p l e
had a sl i ght l y cl ear er vi ew o f t hi s q uest i o n.
A l l t h e af o r e m e n t i o n e d an d m an y o t h e r m o d e r n
sci ent i f i c co ncep t s f o und ab und ant l y i n t he Gl o r i o us Q ur an,
t hat w as r eveal ed 14 cent ur i es ago , w i t h ut m o st accur acy and
f r ee f r o m an y e r r o r , p r o ve b e yo n d an y i o t a o f d o u b t t h e
d i vi ne so ur ce o f i t s r evel at i o n.
4. Accur a cy of His t or ica l Recor ds in t he Qur a n:
M an y an c i e n t h i st o r i c al an e c d o t e s an d ge o gr ap h i c al
r e gi o n s h av e b e e n m e n t i o n e d i n t h e st o r i e s o f t h e h o l y
Q ur 'an such as : t he r i ver o r sea t hr o ugh w hi ch t he Bani I sr ael
p assed , t he l and o f A shab - e H i j r , D hul Q ar nayn D am , A shab - e
K ah f ' s C av e , e ar t h y p ar ad i se o f D h at al - ` I m ad e t c . , n o t
f o r get t i ng t he d et ai l ed st o r i es o f p ast Pr o p het s.
T he hyp o t hesi s ad vanced b y t ho se w ho see M uham m ad
as t he aut ho r o f Q ur an i s unt enab l e. H o w co ul d a m an f r o m
b ei ng an unl et t er ed , b eco m e t he m o st i m p o r t ant aut ho r , i n
t er m s o f H i st o r i c al l i t e r at u r e i n t h e w h o l e w o r l d , an d p en
d o w n hi st o r i cal f act s w i t h p i np o i nt accur acy?
H o l y Q ur an says:
.
, .
'
, -
, ,
, :
'
' ,
.
.
, ' :
'
, .
"Such ar e some of t he st or i es of t he unseen, whi ch
We have r eveal ed unt o you, bef or e t hi s nei t her you
nor your peopl e k new t hem. So per sever e pat i ent l y,
f or t he end i s f or t hose who ar e r i ght eous".
( 11:49) .
Resear ch o n hi st o r i cal r eco r d s i n t he H o l y Q ur an and
f i n d i n g t h e i r t r ac e s i s v e r y e f f e c t i v e i n u n d e r st an d i n g t h e
A u t h e n t i c i t y o f t h e Q u r ' an . I n ad d i t i o n , b e i n g i n v o l v e d i n
ex p l o r i ng t he p ast w o ul d p r o vi d e a go o d b ack gr o und t o t ak e
l e sso n s f r o m t h e p ast o n w h i c h t h e h o l y Q u r ' an i n t h e
f o l l o w i ng ver ses t o p er suad e us t o d o so :
. , , , . ,' . .

=
'
,'
, .

'

'
,
,' ,
'
,
.
"H ave t hey not t r avel l ed i n t he ear t h and seen how
w a s t h e e n d o f t h o se b e f o r e t h e m ? T h e y w e r e
st r onger t han t hese i n power s..."
( 30:9)

'
, '
, ,' .

.
" I n d e e d t h e r e h a ve b e e n e x a m p l e s b e f o r e y o u ;
Ther ef or e t r avel i n t he ear t h..."
( 3:1 3 7 )
T o ap p r e c i at e t h e ac c u r ac y o f h i st o r i c al r e c o r d s
29 30
ad vanced i n t he Q ur an, f ew ex am p l es ar e ci t ed her e b el o w ,
n o t m en t i o n i n g t h e d et ai l ed i n f o r m at i o n o n p ast Pr o p h et s'
hi st o r y:
A) As ha be Ka hf:
W h i l e n ar r at i n g ab o u t t h e d u r at i o n o f w h i c h ' A s- h ab e
K ahf ' ( t he Sl eep er s o f t he C ave) st ayed i n t he cave, t he Q ur an
says:

'
,
, ,
, ' .
" So t h ey st a yed i n t hei r c a ve t hr ee h un d r ed yea r s
and AD D ni ne..."
( 18:25) .
T he w o r d i ng i s q ui t e si gni f i cant . T he ver se d o es no t say
" t h r e e h u n d r e d an d n i n e y e ar s" b u t u se s t h e ap p ar e n t l y
cum b er so m e w o r d i ng o f "t hr ee hund r ed year s and ad d ni ne".
W hy ad d ni ne? T hi s i s b ecause t hei r st ay w as 300 year s i f o ne
used t he so l ar cal end ar and 309 year s b y t he l unar cal end ar .
T he l unar year i s 11 d ays sho r t er . N o w 11 d ays t i m es 300
year s d i vi d ed b y 365 year s i s 9 year s.
B) Cit y of Ir a m:
A no t her ex am p l e o f hi st o r i cal r eco r d can b e f o und i n
chap t er 89 o f t he Q ur an w hi ch m ent i o ns an anci ent ci t y cal l ed
Ir am :
, .
,' : ,
.
"H ave you not seen how your Lor d deal t wi t h t he Aad
( peopl e) , of t he ( ci t y of ) I r am, wi t h l of t y pi l l ar s, t he
l i k e of whi ch wer e not pr oduced i n ( al l ) t he l and?".
(89:6- 7) .
A p ar t f r o m i t s b ei n g m en t i o n e d i n t h e Q u r an , t h er e
w er e no hi st o r i cal r eco r d ab o ut t hi s ci t y - I r am . T he nam e
i t se l f w as o b sc u r e e v e n d u r i n g t h e t i m e o f t h e Pr o p h e t
h i m se l f , w h i c h l e d t o a n u m b e r o f sp e c u l at i o n s ab o u t i t s
p o ssi b l e geo gr ap h i cal l o cat i o n . So m e c o m m en t at o r s o f t h e
Q ur an w ent t o t he ex t ent o f suggest i ng t hat p r o b ab l y I r am
w as t he nam e o f a her o o f t he A ad .
T he r esear ch f i nd i ngs o f p ub l i shed b y t he o f f i ci al j o ur nal
o f t he A m er i can N at i o nal Geo gr ap hi c so ci et y i n D ecem b er
1978 have co ncl usi vel y sho w n t hat I r am w as a ci t y. I n 1975,
D r . Paul o M at hi as o f t he U ni ver si t y o f Ro m e, d i r ect o r o f t he
I t al i an A r c h eo l o gi cal M i ssi o n i n Sy r i a ' h i t an ar c h e o l o gi c al
j ack p o t '. I n t he r ui ns o f a p al ace ap p ar ent l y d est r o yed i n t he
2 3 r d c e n t u r y B . C . , h e c a m e u p o n t h e gr e a t e st t h i r d
m i l l enni um ar chi ve ever unear t hed . M o r e t han 15, 000 'cunei
f o r m t ab l e t s' w e r e d i sc o v e r e d . A m o n g t h e r i c h d e t ai l s
r eveal ed b y t hese t ab l et s i s t he f act t hat Eb l a used t o have
t r ad i ng l i nk s w i t h I r am . . . .
I t i s i n c o n c e i v ab l e h o w M u h am m ad c o u l d d e sc r i b e
accur at el y i n t he Q ur an t he p hysi cal f eat ur es and t he l evel o f
ar chi t ect ur e o f a p eo p l e w ho l i ved i n an anci ent ci t y w hi ch
w as d est r o yed 3000 year s b ef o r e he w as b o r n.
31 32
C) The body of Fir ' a un:
T h e Q u r an h as e x p l i c i t l y r e c o r d e d ab o u t w h at h as
b eco m e o f t he b o d y o f Fi r 'aun.
, ,
'
, : ,
'
, -
: ,
, ,

'
, .
" T h i s d a y W e sa ve t h er ei n yo u r b o d y so t h a t yo u
bec om e a si gn f o r t h ose w ho c o m e a f t er you . B ut
ver i l y, m a n y a m o n g m a n k i n d a r e h eed l ess of o u r
si gns......"
( 10:92) .
I n t hi s ver se, t he Go d 's i nt ent i o n o f b r i ngi ng t he b o d y o f
Phar ao h o ut o f w at er r at her t han l eavi ng i t d ecayi ng o r b ei ng
e at e n b y t h e se a an i m al s i s t o gi v e a l e sso n t o f u t u r e
gener at i o ns.
W hat i s am azi ng t hat w hen t he Q ur an w as t r ansm i t t ed
t o m an b y t he Pr o p het , t he b o d i es o f al l t he Phar ao hs w er e i n
t hei r t o m b s i n t he N ecr o p o l i s o f T heb es, o n t he o p p o si t e si d e
o f t h e N i l e f r o m L u x o r . A t t h e t i m e h o w e v er , ab so l u t e l y
no t hi ng w as k no w n o f t hi s f act , and i t w as no t unt i l t he end o f
t he ni net eent h cent ur y t hat t hey w er e d i sco ver ed t her e.
A s t he Q ur an st at es, t he b o d y o f t he Phar o ah ( Fi r 'aun)
o f t he Ex o d us w as i n f act r escued : vi si t o r s m ay see hi m i n t he
Ro yal M um m i es Ro o m o f t he Egyp t i an M useum , C ai r o . H o w
d i d t he Pr o p het , w ho l i ved i n A r ab i an d eser t cam e t o k no w
t h at t h e b o d y o f Fi r ' au n w o u l d b e r e sc u e d f o r f u t u r e
gener at i o ns t o l ear n a l esso n?
5. Pr edict ions in t he Qur a n:
T he H o l y Q ur an p r ed i ct ed and f o r et o l d sever al event s
w i t h t o t al co nf i d ence and cat ego r i cal d et ai l s. C an w e ascr i b e
t h i s p r eci se k n o w l e d ge o f t h e f u t u r e t o t h e k n o w l ed ge o f
M uham m ad as a p er so n l i vi ng i n t he d ar k ages o f A r ab i a? I t i s
t o t al l y unr eal i st i c t o at t em p t t o anal yse t hese p r ed i ct i o ns f r o m
a p ur el y m at er i al i st i c p o i nt o f vi ew . T he o nl y j ust i f i ed answ er
t o t he cause o f t he p r eci se accur acy o f t he p r ed i ct i o ns i s t hat
i t w as r e v eal e d t o Pr o p h et M u h am m ad ( saw w ) f r o m t h e
A l l - K no w l ed geab l e Lo r d and t he M ast er o f t he U ni ver se, t he
p ast , p r esent and f ut ur e, A l l ah ( sw t ) .
Pl ease p o nd er o ver t he f o l l o w i ng sp l end i d m o m ent s o f
t he Q ur ani c p r ed i ct i o ns:
A) The Des cenda nt s of t he Pr ophet :
I n Sur ah K aw t har , t he Q ur an i nf o r m s p eo p l e t hat t he
d e sc e n d an t s o f Pr o p h e t w i l l u l t i m at e l y b e n u m e r o u s, t h i s
d esp i t e t he f act t hat i n hi s l i f et i m e hi s enem i es w er e ho p ef ul
t h at h e w o u l d d i e w i t h o u t i ssu e , si n c e al l t h e so n s o f t h e
Pr o p het had d i ed i n i nf ancy, and o nl y o ne o f hi s d aught er s
sur vi ved .

. =
, .
, ,
- , .
: ' ,
.

,
, .
"To you We have gr ant ed abundance. Ther ef or e t o
Your Lor d t ur n i n pr ayer s and sacr i f i ce. For he who
33 34
hat ed you, wi l l be cut - of f ".
( Sur a no . 108)
T o d ay, t h e d esc e n d an t s o f t h e Pr o p h e t ( Saad at an d
A shr af ) can b e f o und ever yw her e, w hi l e t he p r o geny o f A b u
Jahal and A b u Suf yan, t he enem i es o f Pr o p het M uham m ad
( saw w ) have b eco m e ex t i nct . Gi ven t hi s, w as i t p o ssi b l e f o r
an y o t h er t h an Go d , t h at et er n al r e al i t y an d f i x ed p i vo t o f
t r u t h , t o p r e d i c t t h at m at t e r s w o u l d u n f o l d i n a se n se
co m p l et el y o p p o sed t o ex i st i ng ci r cum st ances.
B) Defea t of Per s ia n Empir e:
I n 615 A D , K husr u Par vi z o f Per si a at t ack ed Byzant i um
( Ro m an ) em p i r e an d gai n ed co n t r o l o f Syr i a, Pal est i n e an d
N o r t h A f r i ca. H e r ansack ed Jer usal em , set f i r e t o t he H o l y
Sep ul cher and d est r o yed num er o us ci t i es. T he w ar end ed i n
cl ear vi ct o r y f o r f i r e- w o r shi p p er s o f Per si a.
N ew s o f t he d ef eat o f Byzant i ne w o r shi p p er s o f Go d
w as r ecei ved w i t h sat i sf act i o n b y t he i d o l at er s o f M ecca. T hi s
w as gr i evo us t o t he M usl i m s and caused t hem m uch anx i et y
ab o u t t h e f u t u r e c o u r se o f t h e e ve n t s. I t w as t h en t h at a
r e v e l at i o n c am e f o r e t e l l i n g t h e r e n e w e d t r i u m p h o f t h e
Byzant i ne o ver t he Per si ans w i t hi n f ew year s.
T h e se ar e t h e r e l e van t v er se s o f Su r at Ru u m i n t h e
Q ur an:

. , .
'
. . ,'
'
.
' ,
, ,
,
, .
' , . ,
.

,'

'

, , '
, . , . ,
, _'
' ,
'
, . ,
. ,
- ,
.' ,' ,
.' ' ,

, ,' , - , ,' . - .
,' -
.' - '
' , .
"The Romans have been def eat ed i n a l and near by.
B u t i n t h e f u t u r e t h e y w i l l t r i u m p h o v e r t h e i r
en em i es, wi t hi n a p er i od o f f ew yea r s. Al l a f f a i r s,
bot h ear l i er and l at er , ar e i n t he hands of God. And
on t he day when t he Romans t r i umph, t he bel i ever s
and t he f ol l ower s of I sl am wi l l r ej oi ce. God assi st s t o
w h o m so e ve r H e w i l l s, a n d H e i s Po w e r f u l a n d
C o m p a ssi o n a t e . T h i s i s t h e p r o m i se o f G o d , a
pr omi se whi ch can not be vi ol at ed, but most of t he
peopl e k now not ".
( 30:1- 6)
W i t hi n l ess t han 10 year s, t hi s Pr o p hecy o f t he Q ur an
w as f u l f i l l ed i n t h e y ear 6 2 4 A . D . c o r r esp o n d i n g t o year 2
A . H . H o w c an w e e x p l ai n t h e c o n f i d e n t an d c at e go r i c al
p r e d i c t i o n o f t h e v i c t o r y o f a d e f e at e d p e o p l e o v e r a
vi ct o r i o us p eo p l e, i n t he ab sence o f any f act o r s p o i nt i ng t o
t he l i k el i ho o d o f such an event ? A r eal i st i c ap p r o ach t o t he
st at e o f so ci et y an d t h e c o u r se o f e ve n t s w o u l d d ef i n i t e l y
h av e c o n t r ad i c t e d t h i s p r o p h e sy . T h e Pr o p h e t o f I sl am
f o r et o l d a d ef i n i t e m i l i t ar y v i c t o r y at a c er t ai n p o i n t i n t h e
f ut ur e. H o w d i d he k no w i t w as go i ng t o o ccur ?
35 36
C) Conques t of Kha yba r a nd Mecca :
T he Q ur an has al so f o r et o l d t he co nq uest o f M ecca and
t he t r i um p h o f t he M usl i m s o ver t he p o l yt hei st s as f o l l o w s:
. . . - ' ' . ,
' ,'
, ,
-
'
'

. - ,
. -' , ' -
, '
'
,
'
, '
. ,
, .
. -
.
'
. ,
. . ,
' ,
'
, .
"That whi ch God i nspi r ed i n hi s pr ophet by means of
a dr eam i s t r ue and ver aci ous: Wi t hout any doubt
yo u w i l l e n t e r t h e sa c r ed m o sq u e ( i n M e c c a ) i n
saf et y and secur i t y. You wi l l shave your heads and
shor t en your hai r s wi t hout any f ear or anxi et y. God
k n o w s w h a t yo u d o n o t k n o w . An d yo u w i l l w i n a
vi ct or y near at hand".
( 48: 27)
T h e se p r e d i c t i o n s w e r e m ad e at a t i m e w h e n n o
m i l i t a r y e x p e r t o r a d v i se r c o u l d h a v e p r e d i c t e d t h e
o ccur r ence, gi ven t he d i f f i cul t ci r cum st ances o f t he M usl i m s
and t he unf avo r ab l e si t uat i o n i n w hi ch t hey f o und t hem sel ves.
I n t he sam e ver se ( 48: 27) , t he Q ur an al so m ent i o ns t he
f u t u r e o c cu r r en ce o f an o t h e r h i st o r i cal ev en t , n am el y t h e
t r i u m p h o f t h e M u sl i m w ar r i o r s at K h ay b ar , an d t h e i r
co nq uest o f i t s f o r m i d ab l e f o r t r esses. H ar d b l o w s had b een
i nf l i ct ed up o n t he M usl i m s f r o m K hayb ar , b ut i n t he end t he
ar m y o f I sl am t r i um p hed o ver t he Jew s, and t he p r ed i ct i o ns
o f t h e Q u r an w as c o m p l et el y f u l f i l l ed . C an w e ascr i b e t h i s
p r e c i se k n o w l e d ge o f t h e f u t u r e t o t h e k n o w l e d ge an d
sp ecul at i o n o f t he Pr o p het ?
D) The Fina l Out come of Abula ha b:
T he Q ur an al so p r ed i ct s w i t h cl ar i t y t he f i nal o ut co m e
o f t h e l i f e o f a gi v e n i n d i vi d u al , A b u L ah ab , t h e o b st i n at e
enem y o f I sl am . I t p r o cl ai m s cat ego r i cal l y t hat he w i l l r ef use
t he r el i gi o n o f m o no t hei sm unt i l t he ver y end o f hi s l i f e, and
t hat f o r t hi s r easo n hi s p ai nf ul d est i ny w i l l b e t o ent er t he f i r e
o f Go d 's w r at h.
T hese ar e t he ver ses o f t he Q ur an:
. . ,
, .
. .
'
. .
, .
, .
.
"M ay Abul ahab per i sh, and may hi s t wo hands be cut
of f . The weal t h he accumul at ed t o dest r oy I sl am has
not avai l ed hi m or saved hi m f r om dest r uct i on; he
wi l l soon f al l i nt o t he f l ami ng f i r e of H el l ".
( 111:1- 3) .
A l l hi st o r i ans agr ee t hat A b u Lahab cl o sed hi s eyes o n
t h i s w o r l d as an u n b e l i e v e r , an d t h at h e p e r si st e d i n h i s
o b st i n at e h o st i l i t y t o t h e p r o p h e t o f I sl am u n t i l t h e f i n al
m o m e n t s o f h i s l i f e . T h e ve r se s r ev e al ed c o n c e r n i n g t h e
event s m ent i o ned ab o ve co nst i t ut e a f ur t her p r o o f t hat t he
sacr ed b o o k o f I sl am i s f r o m Go d .
37 38
E) The Ret ur n of Pr ophet t o Mecca :
Li k ew i se, t he p r ed i ct i o n t hat t he Pr o p het w o ul d r et ur n
t o M ecca, hi s ho m e, m ad e at a t i m e w hen he ab and o ned i t
f o r M ed i na b ecause o f t he p r essur es o f t he p o l yt hei st s, i s al so
an i nd i cat i o n o f a hi gher co nsci o usness:

. , .
, :
.
'
. ,
. , '

'
,' - . ,
,' ' , .
'
.
"God Who made i ncumbent on you t he r eci t at i on of
t he Q ur an wi l l r et ur n you t o your bi r t hpl ace. Say: M y
Lor d k nows best hi m who has br ought t he gui dance
and hi m who i s i n mani f est er r or ."
( 28:85) .
A l l t he af o r e- m ent i o ned p r ed i ct i o ns o f f ut ur e event s ar e
i n e x p l i c ab l e u n l e ss t h e y b e asc r i b e d t o t h e so u r c e o f
r evel at i o n, t o t he i nf i ni t e k no w l ed ge o f A l l ah ( sw t ) .
6- La ck of Cont r a dict ion in t he Qur a n:
T h e N o b l e Q u r a n c o n t a i n s p r o f o u n d a n d e x ac t
st at em ent s o n a w i d e var i et y o f sub j ect s. I t est ab l i shes and
l egi sl at es p r i nci p l es and r egul at i o ns f o r t he p r act i cal and et hi cal
d u t i e s o f t h e h u m a n b e i n g a n d f o r t h e o r d e r i n g a n d
ad m i ni st r at i o n o f so ci et y. I t gi ves accur at e acco unt o f f ut ur e
p r ed i ct i o ns, anecd o t es o f p ast co m m uni t i es and Pr o p het s, as
w el l as Sci ent i f i c t r ut hs unk no w n at t he t i m e o f r evel at i o n.
H o w ever , sl i ght est var i at i o n o r co nt r ad i ct i o n w hat so ever i s
no t t o b e seen i n t hi s gr eat m ass o f m at er i al .
Ever y sci ent i st and r esear cher i s l i ab l e t o change f r o m
t i m e t o t i m e , h i s a t t i t u d e t o sc i e n t i f i c t o p i c s u n d e r
i nvest i gat i o n and t he o p i ni o ns he b ases o n t hem . Rel yi ng o n
t he k no w l ed ge and co ncl usi o ns he has accum ul at ed , he m ay
ex p r ess a cer t ai n o p i ni o n o n a gi ven t o p i c at o ne t i m e and
l at er r e p u d i at e t h at o p i n i o n i n t h e l i gh t o f co n t i n u i n g an d
m o r e e x t e n si v e r e se a r c h a n d t h e so l u t i o n o f c e r t ai n
p r o b l em s. H o w eve r , as r e gar d s t o Q u r an , al t h o u gh i t w as
r eveal ed o ver a p er i o d o f t w ent y t hr ee year s, i t i s co m p l et el y
u n i f o r m an d l ack i n g i n c o n t r ad i ct i o n . T h e u n i f o r m i t y, u n i t y
an d t h e c o n si st e n c y o f t h e i d e as i n t h e Q u r an si gn i f y i t s
co m i ng f r o m t he U ni q ue O ne, A l l ah ( sw t ) .
Q ur an says:
, ,'
'
,
, ,
, - ' ,
-
, , .
"D o t hey not r ef l ect on t he Q ur an? I f t hi s book wer e
f r o m o t h er t h a n GO D , t h e y w o u l d c er t a i n l y f i n d
much var i at i on and cont r adi ct i on i n i t ".
( 4:82)
Si nce ever yt hi ng i n t he w o r l d i s i n a st at e o f gr o w t h and
se l f - p e r f e c t i o n , t h e n t h e Q u r ' an w o u l d o f n e c e ssi t y l ac k
har m o ny si nce i t w as r eveal ed o ver a p er i o d o f t w ent y- t hr ee
year s; i t w o ul d l ack har m o ny t hat i s i f w e w er e t o sup p o se
t hat i t w as t he w o r k o f a m an r at her t han o f a p r o p het . T hus,
l ack o f co nt r ad i ct i o n i n t he Q ur an p r o ves a D i vi ne hand i n t he
i t s aut ho r shi p .
39 40
7. Pr ophet Muha mma d (s a w) wa s Unlet t er ed:
I t i s i m p o ssi b l e f o r t hi s Q ur an t o have b een p r o d uced
b y a si ngl e i nd i vi d ual o r t o have b een b o r r o w ed b y hi m f r o m
o t her so ur ces, p ar t i cul ar l y an i nd i vi d ual w ho w as unl et t er ed ,
had no t even st ud i ed , and had gr o w n up i n t he d egener at e
e n v i r o n m e n t o f t h e A r ab i an p e n i n su l a at t h at t i m e , an
e n v i r o n m e n t w h i c h w as t o t al l y a l i e n t o sc i e n c e a n d
phil o so p hy.
A l l hi st o r i ans ar e unani m o us t hat t he Pr o p het w as an
unl et t er ed m an w ho had never k no w n b o o k s o r t eacher s and
never l ear ned ho w t o w r i t e. T he Q ur an i t sel f ad d r essed hi m
as f o l l o w s:
.
'
'
,
-
'
=
'
,
, , :
' =
'
, .
"Bef or e t hi s, you di d not r ead any book , nor di d you
wr i t e anyt hi ng wi t h your hands. For t hen t hose who
ut t er f al sehood may mi ght have doubt ed".
( 29:48) .
B e f o r e t h e r e v e l at i o n o f t h e H o l y Q u r an , t h e H o l y
Pr o p het co ul d nei t her w r i t e w i t h hi s o w n hand no r co ul d he
r ead anyt hi ng w r i t t en b y t he o t her s, and t hi s i s a f act vo uched
b y o ne and al l o f t he age o f t he H o l y Pr o p het . N o o p p o nent
i n t h e l i f e t i m e o f t h e Pr o p h e t e v e r r ai se d h i s v o i c e d t o
chal l enge t hi s ver se, si nce f o r t he f o r t y year s t hey st ayed w i t h
hi m , t hey k new he w as unl et t er ed . H o w co ul d have t hen t he
p r o p het aut ho r ed such an unm at chab l e b o o k b y hi m sel f . W i t h
t hi s f act i n vi ew , i t w o ul d b e sheer ab sur d i t y t o say t hat w hat
he d el i ver ed as t he Q ur an w as no t t he r evel at i o n f r o m Go d ,
b ut a r ep r o d uct i o n o f w hat he r ead i n t he o t her scr i p t ur es
and w hat he w r o t e, i . e. co m p o sed o f and m em o r i sed .
O n e m a y w o n d e r w h y G o d , t h e A l m i g h t y
c o m m i ssi o n e d o n e w h o w as d e p r i v e d o f t h e c ap ac i t y o f
r e ad i n g o r w r i t i n g as H i s A p o st l e ? W as n o t t h e Pr o p h e t
su p p o se d t o b e t h e m o st k n o w l e d ge ab l e o n e w h o w as
r eq ui r ed t o t each t he p eo p l e t he Bo o k and t he w i sd o m ? T he
an sw e r i s t h at i n ab i l i t y t o w r i t e an d r ead d o e s n o t m e an
i gno r ance, as t he H o l y Pr o p het w as gi f t ed d i vi ne k no w l ed ge
t h r o u gh m i r ac l e , an d ac co r d i n g t o so m e r esear ch er s, t h e
Pr o p het k new ho w t o r ead and w r i t e no t t hr o ugh l ear ni ng
f r o m a t eacher b ut t hr o ugh d i vi ne i nsp i r at i o n and m i r acl e.
I n f ac t , t h e i m m ed i at e n ex t v er se o f t h e H o l y Q u r an
asser t s t hat t he Pr o p het w as gr ant ed k no w l ed ge:
, .
' . , , . . , ,
. . . .' . '
. ,
'

'
,
,
, - - ' ,
' , .
"N ay! I t ( Q ur an) i s t he cl ear si gns i n t he br east of
t h o se w h o h a ve b een gr a n t ed t he k no w l ed ge a n d
none cont r adi ct our si gns except t he unj ust ."
( 29:49) .
41 42
T he Pr o p het ( saw w ) co nf i r m ed t hi s b y sayi ng:
"I am t he ci t y of Knowl edge and Al i i s i t s door ".
W hat ever t he case, t he o b vi o us f act r em ai ns t he sam e:
t he o ne w ho had never l ear nt f r o m any hum an t eacher ho w
t o r ead o r w r i t e, t o p r esent t hi s i nco nt est ab l e and uni ver sal l y
r e c o gn i se d t r u t h - t h e Q u r an - w h i c h n e v e r b e f o r e w as
r ev eal e d ev en t o t h e gr eat ap o st l e s i n t h e p ast , c o u l d n o t
h av e p o ssi b l y b e e n w i t h o u t i t s so u r c e b e i n g f r o m ab o v e .
U nf o r t unat el y, t her e w er e so m e w ho accused t he Pr o p het
t hat he l ear nt t he co nt ent s o f Q ur an f r o m t he o t her s. But t hi s
i s r ef ut ed b y t he Q ur an el o q uent l y:
'
.
. ,
' _'
'
'
: ,
,'
,
'
,
' ,'
' , .
,'
,' , ,
'
,
'
,

, '
' ,
, '
,'
- '
- '

, ,
' '
, .
" Sa y ( O M uh a m m a d ) ! T h e H ol y Sp i r i t ( Ji br i i l ) ha s
br o ugh t i t ( Q u r a n ) d ow n f r o m yo ur L o r d w i t h t he
t r ut h, t hat i t may est abl i sh t hose who bel i eve, and as
a gui dance and gl ad t i di ngs unt o t hose who submi t
( t hemsel ves t o God) . And i ndeed We k now what t hey
say: 'I t i s onl y a man t hat t eaches hi m'. The t ongue of
hi m whom t hey f al sel y hi nt at , i s out l andi sh ( f or ei gn
l anguage, not el oquent , sl ang) , whi l e t hi s l anguage i s
Ar abi c ( pur e and) pl ai n".
( 16: 102- 103) .
H o w ever , i t i s r em ar k ab l e t hat such a m an w ho had
n e ve r st u d i e d f r o m an y m o r t al b e i n g, w as gi v en t h e m o st
e l o q u e n t b o o k : T h e G l o r i o u s Q u r an , an d b e c am e t h e
st and ar d - b ear er o f a m o vem ent cal l i ng f o r sci ence and f r ee
t h o u gh t . I t i s sai d t h at t h e m y st i c o b j e c t i n k e e p i n g t h e
Pr o p het unaw ar e o f t he ar t o f r ead i ng and w r i t i ng w as t o hel p
t he p eo p l e t o r eco gni se t he Q ur an as a W o r d o f Go d .
8. No Res embla nce Bet ween t he Wor ds of
Qur a n a nd Ha dit h:
A f t e r Q u r an , t h e se c o n d so u r c e o f d o c t r i n e an d
l egi sl at i o n i n I sl am i s t h e A h ad i t h ( u t t e r an ce s) o f t h e H o l y
Pr o p het ( saw w ) hi m sel f . A ver y l ar ge num b er o f co l l ect i o ns
o f t he Pr o p het 's w o r d s t hus ap p ear und er t he t i t l e o f A had i t h,
and t ho usand s o f A had i t h and t r ad i t i o ns at t r i b ut ed t o t he H o l y
Pr o p het ar e r eco r d ed i n t he A had i t h b o o k s.
T he am azi ng r em ar k ab l e p o i nt her e i s t he f act t hat al l
t hese ut t er ances o f t he Pr o p het ( A had i t h) w hi ch w er e al so i n
p u r e A r ab i c l an gu age l i k e t h at o f Q u r an , an d t h e Pr o p h et
w h o se t o n gu e w o u l d r e c i t e t h e A r ab i c Q u r an , b o r e n o
r esem b l ance w hat so ever t o t he Q ur an. W hat m ust b e heavi l y
st r essed o ver her e i s t he d i sp ar i t y b et w een t hese t w o gr o up s
o f t ex t s - Q ur an and A had i t h - f r o m a l i t er ar y and st yl i st i c
p o i nt o f vi ew . I t w o ul d b e unt hi nk ab l e t o co m p ar e t he st yl e o f
Q u r an w i t h t h at o f t h e A h ad i t h . T h i s i t se l f i s a c o n vi n ci n g
p r o o f t hat t he Q ur an o r i gi nat ed f r o m a so ur ce o t her t han t he
m i nd o f t he Pr o p het .
43 44
9. Non-Mus lims Admit :
Even t he no n- M usl i m scho l ar s ad m i t t o t he aut hent i ci t y
o f t he Q ur an. Fo r ex am p l e, Laur a Vacci a Vagl i er i , p r o f esso r at
t he U ni ver si t y o f N ap l es, has t he f o l l o w i ng t o say:
"The heavenl y book of I sl am i s m i r acul ous and i ni m i t abl e.
I t s st yl e i s t ot al l y unpr ecedent ed i n Ar abi c l i t er at ur e, and
i t s p ec u l i a r i m p a c t o n t h e sp i r i t o f t h e h u m a n b ei n g
der i ves f r om i t s speci al and super i or char act er i st i cs. H ow
i s i t p o ssi b l e t h a t su c h a b o o k sh o u l d b e t h e w o r k of
M uham m ad, an Ar ab who had never st udi ed? W e f i nd i n
t hi s book a t r easur y of k nowl edge beyond t he capaci t y of
t h e gr ea t est p h i l oso p h er s a n d st a t esm a n , a n d f o r t h i s
r eason i t i s al so i m possi bl e t o r egar d t he Qur an as t he
wor k of an educat ed per son".
Sm i t h w r i t es i n hi s b o o k : M uham m ad and I sl am :
" I b o l d l y a sse r t t h a t o n e d a y t h e l o f t i e st o f h u m a n
p h i l o so p h e r s a n d t h e m o s t v e r a c i o u s p r i n c i p l e s o f
Chr i st i ani t y wi l l conf ess and bear wi t ness t hat t he Qur an
i s t he W or d of God. An unl et t er ed and unl ear ned Pr ophet
was chosen by God t o br i ng t he Qur an t o M ank i nd, a book
t hat has i n t he cour se of hi st or y pr oduced t housands of
ot her book s and t r eat i ses, br ought l i br ar i es i nt o bei ng and
f i l l ed t hem wi t h book s, and pl aced bef or e m ank i nd l aws
a n d p h i l o so p h i e s a n d e d u c a t i o n a l , i n t el l e c t u a l a n d
i deol ogi cal syst em s.
"H e ar ose i n an envi r onm ent wher e t her e was no t r ace of
l ear ni ng and ci vi l i zat i on. I n t he whol e of M adi na, t her e
wer e onl y el even peopl e who k new how t o r ead and wr i t e,
an d i n al l t h e b r a n c h es o f Q u r a y sh , i n M ec c a a n d i t s
envi r ons, not m or e t han sevent een peopl e wer e l i t er at e.
"The t eachi ngs of t he Qur an, whi ch m ent i ons k nowl edge
a n d t h e p e n i n i t s o p e n i n g v er ses, b r o u gh t a b o u t a
t r em endous t r ansf or m at i on. I sl am pr ocl ai m ed st udy t o be
a r el i gi ous dut y, and m ade t he bl ack i nk of scr i be and t he
schol ar t o be super i or t o t he r ed bl ood of t he m ar t yr .
"Thank s t o t he t eachi ngs of t he Qur an and i t s em phasi s on
t h e c u l t i vat i on of k n o w l ed ge, c o u n t l ess sc h ol a r s m a de
t hei r appear ance and wr ot e i nnum er abl e book s. D i f f er ent
sc i en t i f i c d i sc i p l i n es w er e der i ved f r o m t h e Q u r an a n d
sp r ead ac r oss t h e w or l d b y M u sl i m t h i n k er s. T h e w or l d
w a s i l l u m i n a t ed w i t h t h e l i gh t s o f t h e Q u r an a n d t h e
cul t ur e of I sl am . "
N um er o us o t her no n- M usl i m Scho l ar s have at t est ed t o
t he f act t hat Q ur an i s t he w o r d o f Go d . H o w ever , w e shal l
no t m ent i o n t hem f o r t he sak e o f b r evi t y.
CONCLUSION:
T h e H o l y Q u r an i s n o t t h e p r o d u c t o f t h e H o l y
Pr o p het 's sp ecul at i o n and t hi nk i ng. Rat her ever y w o r d o f t he
b o o k i s t he w o r d o f Go d , w hi ch w as co m m uni cat ed t o t he
Pr o p het t hr o ugh t he p r o cess o f r evel at i o n. C o m m uni cat ed t o
t he H o l y Pr o p het no t as m er e i nsp i r at i o n b ut as r eci t at i o n
and cl ear gui d ance i n p l ai n A r ab i c Language. D escend ed up o n
t h e h ear t o f ' h ear t ' o f t h e Pr o p h e t n o t m e t ap h o r i cal l y b u t
45 46
l i t er al l y - nam el y i n t he f o r m o f l anguage k no w n b y t he p eo p l e
w ho sub seq uent l y t r anscr i b ed i t und er t he gui d ance o f t he
Pr o p het hi m sel f .
B e i n g t h e r e v e al e d w o r d o f A l l ah , Q u r an i m p ar t s
k no w l ed ge w hi ch i s i m m une f r o m al l p o ssi b i l i t i es o f d o ub t and
ever y f o r m o f d i scr ep ancy. I t i s t he sub st ant i at i o n o f T r ut h
and gui d ance t hat l ead s hum ani t y f r o m d ar k ness t o w ar d s t he
l i ght . I t i s an em b o d i m ent o f m er cy and gl ad t i d i ngs f r o m Go d
t o t h o se w h o f o l l o w i t f ai t h f u l l y , an d a c r i t e r i o n w h i c h
d i st i ngui shes cl ear l y t he r i ght f r o m t he w r o ng. I t em p hasi ses
t hat al l unb i ased p er so ns d ed i cat ed t o k no w l ed ge ar e b o und
t o up ho l d i t s t r ut h at t he t i m e o f i t s r evel at i o n and t o at t est i t
i n l at er age as t h e h o r i z o n s o f h u m an k n o w l ed ge e x p an d
f ur t her and f ur t her .
H o w ever , b i ased p er so ns t r i ed t o d o ub t t he aut hent i ci t y
o f t he Q ur an b ei ng t he w o r d o f Go d and at t est ed i t t o var i o us
m i sgi vi ngs. But t hey f ai l ed t o p r o ve t hei r f al se cl ai m s, and t he
Q u r an st o o d h i gh i n al l ages as t h e b e ar er o f D i vi n e L i gh t
u n af f e c t e d b y t h e w h i m s o f t h e m i sc h i e f - m o n g e r s. A
t r u t h - se ek er al w ays b o w e d d o w n h i s h e ad i n f r o n t o f t h e
af o r e- m en t i o n ed evi d en ce s w h i ch u n eq u i vo cal l y p r o ve t h e
aut hent i ci t y o f t he Q ur an as t he w o r d o f Go d , t he A l m i ght y.
Select ed Refer ences :
l H o l y Q u r an , T r an sl at e d b y M . H . Sh ak i r ( A n sar i y an
Publ i cat io ns)
l T af se e r A l - M i z an , B y A l l am ah M u h am m ad H u sse i n
T abat abai.
l T he H o l y Q ur an: T ex t , T r ansl at i o n and C o m m ent ar y
b y S. V. M i r A hm ed A l i ( T ahr i k e T ar si l e Q ur an)
l T he Seal o f t he Pr o p het s and hi s M essage, By M uj t ab a
M usavi Lar i , T r ansl at ed b y H am i d A l gar .
l L e sso n s f r o m Q u r an , B y M u h si n Q ar a' at i ( I sl am i c
Sem i nar y Pub l i cat i o ns)
l T h e B i b l e , T h e Q u r an an d Sc i e n c e, B y D r . M au r i c e
Bucail le.
l A ut hent i ci t y o f t he Q ur an, By I sl am i c Ed ucat i o n Panel ,
T anzani a.
l U nd er st and i ng t he U ni q ueness o f t he Q ur an, By A l l am a
M ur t ud ha M ut ahhar i
l I sl am , t he Q ur an and t he A r ab i c Li t er at ur e, By El sayed
M . H . O m r an.
47 48

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