1.

Diagram 1 shows the different stages which take place during cell division.

Diagram 1
(a) Name the cell division shown in Diagram 1.
............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Arrange the stages in Diagram 1 according to the correct sequence of events during cell division
............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) Name the stages labelled K and N?
K

: .................................................................................................................................................

: .................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(d) Explain the behaviour of chromosomes during stages K and N.

K

: .................................................................................................................................................

: .................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

Diagram 2 shows an experiment carried out on animal cloning by using two different species of frog

Species Y

Species X
Ovum

Intestine is removed from

the tadpole

UV light
Ovum without
nucleus

B
D

Nucleus is sucked out

from the intestine

Nucleated egg cell fused

with the nucleus of
intestinal cell
E
F

Diagram 2

(e) Based on Diagram 2, state the meaning of cloning.

............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(f) Name the type of reproduction shown in Diagram 2. Give a reason for your answer.
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(g) Describe why a mature intestinal cell is used in this experiment. Give two reasons.
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(h) (i)

Based on Diagram 2, name the species of frog that will be produced at the end
of the experiment.
....................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii)

Explain your answer in (h) (i).

...................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

2.

Diagram 3 shows the levels of cell organisation in human.

Cell
m
u
s
Tissuecl
c
e
ll

Level R

Cell P

Tissue P

Smooth muscle cell

Tissue Q

Diagram 3
Stomach

Gastric
gland

(a) State what a cell is.

............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Name Cell P and Tissue Q
Cell P : .................................................................................................................................................
Tissue Q : ...........................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(c) Based on Diagram 3, explain the organisation and function of Tissue Q and stomach.
Tissue Q : ...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
Stomach : ..........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
[4 mark]
(d) State the Level R of cell organisation.
............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(e) (i)

Name the food molecules that are digested in the stomach and the enzyme for
this reaction.
Food molecules : .......................................................................................................................
Enzyme

: ......................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(ii)

Describe how the hydrochloric acid produced by the gastric glands help in the
digestion of food molecules in the stomach.
...................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

3.

Diagram 4(a) shows the human digestive system.

Diagram 4(a)

(a) (i)

State the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion.

...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b) (ii) State the difference between absorption and assimilation.

...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(c) Name the structures P and Q.
P : ......................................................................................................................................................
Q : .....................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(d) Describe how Q is involved in the digestion of fats and starch in P
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(f) Diagram 4(b) shows two types of fats

Diagram 4(b)

Butter, meat, dairy product, cheese

(i)

Vegetable oil like corn oil

State the type of fats shown in Diagram 4(b)

R : .................................................................

S: ...................................................................
[2 marks]

(ii) A girl takes food from group R continuously for a long period of time. Explain the
consequences to the health of her heart.
...................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]

4.

Diagram 5 represents the structures of four organic compounds which are found in living cells.

Diagram 5
(a) (i)

Name the compounds of X and Z

X : ...............................................................................................................................................
Z : ..............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(ii)

State the monomer of X and Y

X : ...............................................................................................................................................
Y : ...............................................................................................................................................

(b) (i)

[2 marks]
Monomer X can be divided into 2 groups, which is essential and non-essential of monomer
X. State the difference between these two groups .
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) State the reaction that leads to synthesis of compound Z.

...................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) What would happen if pancreatic cells are unable to synthesis compound X?
............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(d) (i)

In the space below draw and label the structure of the basic unit of organic compound W.

[2 marks]
(ii) Name two type of organic compound W.
...................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) State 2 differences between the organic compounds you have named in (d)(iii)
...................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
5.

Diagram 6 shows three organisms P , Q and R.

Diagram 6

(a) (i)

Describe the type of nutrition in P and Q.

(ii)

[4 marks]

Explain one similarity and four differences for the alimentary canals and types of nutrition
between Q and R.

[10 marks]

Poor eating habits result in health problems such as obesity, anaemia and constipation
(b) Based on the statement above, state the causes and suggest ways on how to overcome the
health problems mentioned in the statement.

[6 marks]