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Existentialism
Existentialism established itself in the wake of WWII and suggests the meaning of life is to make our own meaning. Life, existentialist thinkers like Sartre pronounced through a haze of Gauloises smoke, is about self-determination God cant help; only you can decide how to live. Thats a distinctly mixed blessing; freedom is scary stuff, and ultimately means each of us is alone in an empty universe. For existentialists its not about the meaning of life, but the meaninglessness of life. Its easy to see how this caught the mood post-1945 and inspired a thousand art house movies.

100 Lessons on The Meaning of Life in 100 Words or Less


by Roger Horberry

www.100lessons.com

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Christianity
According to the Gospel of St. John, the meaning of life is simple: to seek divine salvation through the grace of God and intercession of Christ. We were created as perfect beings, but after that unfortunate incident with the apple and the serpent, things went downhill. But not to worry, when we accept Jesus we remove the barrier sin creates between man and God, and in effect get a second chance at salvation (hence the whole he died that we might live thing). So for Christians the meaning of life is clear: Believe, be reborn in Christ, and be saved.

100 Lessons on The Meaning of Life in 100 Words or Less


by Roger Horberry

www.100lessons.com

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Epicureanism
For Epicurus, an ancient Greek philosopher who died in 270 BC, the meaning of life was to attain tranquillity through the pursuit of simple pleasures. Unfortunately, poor Epicurus was slandered from day one. He was accused of advocating indulgence when all he was really interested in was reducing pain. For Epicurus, good and evil were linked to pleasure and pain, so living a good life inevitably meant experiencing pleasurea subtlety lost on his critics. In fact, Epicurus explicitly warned against overindulgence as it often leads to pain, a fact anyone who has endured a thumping hangover will confirm.

100 Lessons on The Meaning of Life in 100 Words or Less


by Roger Horberry

www.100lessons.com

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Zoroastrianism
Zoroaster (sometimes spelled Zarathustra) was a prophet who lived somewhere between the 18th and 10th century BC in what is now Iran. The religion and philosophy that takes his nameZoroastrianisminfluenced early Judaism and through it Christianity and Islam (the three so-called Abrahamic religions). Its not hard to see the connection: Zoroastrianism is basically monotheistic, it believes humanity possesses free will, and that were locked in a titanic struggle between good and evil. For Zoroaster, the meaning of life was to take an active role in this eternal conflict, enabling truth and order to overcome falsehood and disorder.

100 Lessons on The Meaning of Life in 100 Words or Less


by Roger Horberry

www.100lessons.com

SA

M PL

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Nihilism
Nihilism, a school of thought dating from the 19th century, states that nothing is of value and even the highest morals are worthless as they only create false ideals. Friedrich Nietzsche approvingly described it as emptying existence of meaning, so for nihilists the meaning of life is meaninglessGod is dead and nothing matters. Thats not quite as unremittingly negative as it sounds: In the 20th century Albert Camus offered a glimmer of hope with his description of heroic nihilists living with secular saintliness in the face of the worlds indifference. Nevertheless, nihilism remains one of philosophys darker strands.

100 Lessons on The Meaning of Life in 100 Words or Less


by Roger Horberry

www.100lessons.com

SA

M PL

100 Lessons on The Meaning of Life in 100 Words or Less

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Existentialism Christianity Epicureanism Zoroastrianism Nihilism Pragmatism Judaism Hinduism Shinto The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy Platonism Cynicism Kantianism Secular Humanism Sikhism Absurdism Postmodernism Logical Positivism Confucianism Islam Aristotelianism Bah Biology Neuroscience Buddhism Classical Liberalism Sigmund Freud Dalai Lama Utilitarianism Jainism Carl Jung Taoism Stoicism William Shakespeare Transhumanism Sren Kierkegaard Materialism Monty Python Mormonism Biophysics Scientific Pantheism Tenrikyo Instinctivism Dialectical Materialism Evolution theory Jean-Paul Sartre Franz Kafka Positive psychology Cargo cults Quantum mind

51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

Authenticity Arthur Schopenhauer Science Cao i Leo Tolstoy Viktor Frankl Seicho-no-Ie John Locke Stanley Kubrick Cheondo Death Richard Dawkins The Purpose Driven Life Objectivism Happiness HRH Prince Philip The Cyrenaics Carpe Diem Bertrand Russell Daniel Dennett God Afterlife Responsibility Spinoza Belief Success Altruism Life itself Love Transcendence Quentin Crisp Blaise Pascal Terror Management Theory Deism Zen Hare Krishna Aldous Huxley Ayn Rand Michel de Montaigne Mohandas Gandhi Johann Goethe Hermann Hesse Kabbalah George Bernard Shaw Henry David Thoreau Christopher Hitchens Matthew Arnold Oscar Wilde Albert Einstein Jean Baudrillard

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Draught Associates, authors of Visual Aid: Stuff Youve Forgotten, Things You Never Thought You Knew and Lessons You Didnt Quite Get Around to Learning and Visual Aid 2: You can never know enough stuff, incorporated Visual Aid Publishing Limited in 2010 to manage the growing commercial interest in the project.

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