HYDRAULIC VALVE SPRING COMPRESSOR A Technical Feasibility Study

A Thesis

Presented To The Faculty of College of Technology Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College

In Partial Fulfillment for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Automotive Technology

BY

GILBERT C. DELA PEA MANNY G. VALLEDOR ERIC S. LARA

2008 Table of Content

TITLE PAGE.i TABLE OF CONTENTii LIST OF TABLESv LIST OF FIGURES..vi APPROVAL SHEET...vii ABSTRACT....viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT....ix DEDICATION.xi

Chapter I INTRODUCTION Origin and Justification of the Study1 State of the Problem..2 Objective of the Study...3 Scope and Delimitation of the Study.3 Chapter II CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK Review of Related Study and Literature....4 Related Study.5 Related Literature..8 Conceptual Model11 Operation Definition of Key of the Study12 Other Technical Terms.13

Chapter III RESEARCH METHOLOGY

Development of the Project.14 Supplies and Materials.15 Tool and Equipment16 Construction and Procedure17 Try out and Revision...17 Construction Time Frame18 Supplies Material and Cost..19 Labor Cost20

Chapter IV DESCREPTION OF THE COMPLETE PROJECT Features of the Project.....30 Parts, Functions and Interrelationships31 Parts and functions...32 Interrelationships..32 Capabilities...33 Limitation.34 Operation Procedure34 Maintenance.35 Data Gathering Instrument...35 Statistical Tool......35 Research Instrument.38 Statistical Treatment.39 Feature of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor42

Chapter V SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMENDATION Summary..44

Conclusion and Recommendations..................................................45 Appendix A..46 Evaluation sheet...47 Expert Evaluation Rating.48 Bibliography.49

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Supplies, Materials and Cost...15 Table 2 Tool and Equipment16 Table 3 Work Activities and allotment18 Table 4 Labor Cost...19 Table 5 Source of and Cost per Source20 Table 6 Parts of the Completed Project and their respective function.31 Table 7 Distribution of Respondent.....37 Table 8 Respondent Evaluation Results...41

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Conceptual Model..11 Figure 1 Perspective View...20 Figure 2 Measuring..21 Figure 3 Cutting Metal.21 Figure 4 Grinding.22 Figure 5 Cutting Plain Sheet....22 Figure 6 welding...23 Figure 7 Drill23 Figure 8 Body Filler.....24 Figure 9 Spray Gun..24 Figure 10 Rear View....25 Figure 11 Side View.26 Figure 12 Front View...27 Figure 13 Top View.28

Republic of the Philippines ZAMBOANGA CITY STATE POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula R.T. Lim Blvd., Zamboanga City Tel. No.993-0023

COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

APPROVAL SHEET IN PARTIAL FULLFILMENT of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Automotive Technology (BSAT) Curriculum, this Technical feasibility study entitled, Hydraulic valve spring compressor: A Technical Feasibility Study, had been prepared and submitted by the IV-A Bachelor of Science in Automotive Technology (BSAT) students, to wit:

1.

GILBERT A. DELAPEŇA 2. MANNY O. VALLEDOR 3. ERIC S. LARA

Prof. ROSINI B. GRAGEDA MA.Ed Other Adviser

Prof. BONNIE A. ANDABON MATVE Adviser

Reader: Prof. RACHEL V. SEBASTIAN (MA)

APPROVED by the oral examination committee on: October 08, 2008 With the rating of PASSED. Prof. FELIXBERTO B. PAGAYONAN MTE Chairperson

Prof. BIRGILIO M. REBANTAD MEMBER

Prof. CARLOS L. LOLO MATVE MEMBER

ACCEPTED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Automotive Technology (BSAT), Curriculum.

Prof. FELIXBERTO B. PAGAYONAN Dean, College of Technology

ABSTRACT

The major purpose of the feasibility study was to develop the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor to be used to remove the valve spring assembly. Otherwise, this gadget can use an instructional device in teaching the module in removing the valve assembly of the Automotive Technology curriculum. The developed gadget was subjected to the evaluation by the Automotive Technology instructors and professors of Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College, Zamboanga City with a high and positive rating, as an indicated in their strong agreement that the gadget had the potential capability of being effective in removing the valve assembly. The developed gadget is composed of structural assembly hydraulic jack, plain sheet, rivet, flat bar, paint, bolt with nut, bearing and angle bar to assemble the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor. It was recommended that a study should be conducted to determine the possibility of patenting and mass production both for servicing and for instructional purposes. It was likewise recommended that professors and instructors shall be encourage to work through their inventions of projects and other instructional devices for the improvement and enrichment of the instruction.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This study would not be realized without the unconditional and unending support of the people, who backed us up from the start of this study up its completion. The proponents warmly express their gratitude and thanks to the following;; Mr. Virgilio M. Revantad their technical adviser, for the time given and share with the proponents in expla9ijning and demonstrating the gadgets in front of the evaluator and helping the proponents make through in the defense of the title of the feasibility study. Miss Rosini B. Grageda, their other adviser, for her effort in helping the proponents finished their write ups and helping with the statistical treatment of the study. Even if she was busy with her own responsibilities, she graciously shared her time and energy. Mrs. Rachel V. Sebastian, for her unselfish support and assistance in the editing of our paper. She was indeed patient enough considering the proponents humble writings. Mr. Bonnie A. Andabon, the chairman of the member of the panel, for the encouragement and valuable help in the completion of this feasibility study and the patience in checking the contents of the study. To the other members of the panel; Mr. Felixberto B. Pagayonan, Dean of the College of Technology (COT) and Mr. Carlos C. Lolo, Head of COT. To the proponents parents, for the love, care, understanding and support especially the financial assistance needed to buy the materials for the realization of the feasibility study. Above all, the Almighty God, for the wisdom, guidance, and assurance that whatever comes along the proponents way, He will always make them get through it. Finally, warm thanks and appreciation are given all who in their own way helped make the study be realized.

Chapter I INTRODUCTION

Origin and Justification of the Study Automotive service requires a variety of great job. The work performed must meet the needs of the costumers, time, money and effort. Workings in the commercial automotive shop or automotive service centers need tools and equipment that are very useful. The traditional work in the automotive shop can find difficulty in accomplishing tasks in specified time because of lack of shop tools and equipment and it can even cause accidents. The availability of some shop tools and equipment is rarely found in the shop area because they are very expensive. To answer one of these needs, the project proponents decided to design a Hydraulic Valve Spring Remover, one which can solve the problem on cylinder head and valve servicing. The purpose of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Remover is to remove the intake and exhaust valve spring assembly. However if doing it manually, you need more strength in removing the valves of the cylinder head. This gadget does not only to remove retainer locks of the valve, but it can be even be used to flatten bars if there are irregularities in the bars. The operation of Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor needs a long hand pump lever, and it makes hydraulic valve spring moves downward to compress the intake and exhaust valve and thereby the retainer lock is removed. This gadget is very useful in overhauling engines in automotive shops and other service centers.

Statement of the Problem This study attempted to develop an Improvised Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor. Specifically, it aim to answer the following questions: 1. its: a. b. c. 2. What are the essential features of the Improvised Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor in terms of

Design Component parts Functions Is the Improvised Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor useful in servicing cylinder head?

3. How comparable is the Improvised Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor to other valve spring compressor terms of its: a. b. Cost Usefulness

c.

Quality

Objectives of the Study The objectives of the study are to: a. Design and construct an Improvised Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor. c.

b. Test the functionality of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor. Demonstrate the effectiveness of the Improvised Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study This technical feasibility study is centered on design, the constructions and testing of an Improvised Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor of the cylinder head of an automobile. This project was tested and validated by selected automotive technician instructors and professor of Zamboanga City Polytechnic College. This project was conducted during the first semester of academic year 2008 2009.

Chapter II

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter covers the review of related studies and literature, presentation of conceptual model of study, and operational definition of the key variables of study.

Review of Related Study and Literature This review of the related study and literature consisted of several unpublished seminar papers, automotive books and other reading materials to obtain relevant information. The review of these aforementioned reading materials however, had not revealed any technical feasibility study conducted by anyone that would in some way be similar to this technical feasibility study.

Related Studies The teaching of technology must be accompanied by laboratory works. It is only in the laboratory work where students conceptualized the basic principles and operation of the technical jobs. To bring about better products in vocational educational, laboratory activities should be given more emphasis because it is in the laboratory where the students can clarify basic principles through actual participation in the technical investigation designed to illustrate them. But the failure of the school to provide better laboratory facilities, amperes the improvements of teaching technology. The need for improvised apparatus made out of local materials will greatly uplift the deplorable condition tat most vocational school now faced. As far as laboratory teaching is concerned, the curriculum demands students involvement in the teaching leaning activities, which no doubt, will result to better conceptualization and more meaningful leaning. So to facilitate earning and to have better activity oriented session in laboratory teaching, tools and equipment and apparatus are necessary. A brief analysis of studies found related to the one being undertaken is reviewed below, the ideas concepts, and principles cited give credence to the fact that improvisation of tools and apparatus is a viable alternative in solving the problem of inadequacy of laboratory equipment. It produced a very weird noise that disturbed the horses and so its usage was limited to a single street. Richard made a claim that his invention had the power to carry near An example of improvisation in the fabrication of equipment was the work of The academy of sciences of Albania its state that Hydraulics was founded in 1957 as a part of Hydraulics Chair of the University of Tirana. The new Laboratory was established in 1968 with a general area of 15000 sqm, from which 2000 sqm is covered area and 13000 sqm is opened area. Both laboratories have used mainly for experimental works by hydraulic modeling. The water discharge of the New Laboratory for experimental When the Academy of Sciences was founded in 1973; the New Laboratory Hydraulic Laboratory became one of its Institutions. The fundamental task of this Laboratory was the study and solution of theoretical and experimental problems of the hydraulic models for the constructing works in hydroenergetics, agriculture, transport, industry, and municipal economy and water recourses in general.

The main duty of this Department is to carry out studies and research in the field of surface water by analytical, numerical and physical modeling and studies in site with a local or regional nature, taking also into consideration the different hydraulic structures, such as the bridges, dams, groynes and spur dikes, coastal protection structures. The main directions of this Department are: 1. Hydraulics of open channels and Rivers, which includes the studies and research activity for the hydraulic regime of open channels (artificial and natural), especially for the rivers of our country. The prediction of such parameters such as the water discharge, water velocity, water levels is very important for the hydraulic regime of the flow in open channels and rivers. 2. Coastal Hydraulics, which includes the studies and research activity for the prediction of the parameters of coastal waves, such as the length, height and period of them, on the bases of preliminary data founded by the measurement in site, etc. Some other phenomena such as the refraction and diffraction of the waves are also very important to be predicted by numerical or physical modeling. The solution methods used have been by analytical calculation, numerical models and physical models. 3. Study of the hydraulic regime of the hydraulic structures, which includes the different hydraulic structures in hydroenegetic and agricultural works, ports and harbors and the structures for river and coastal bank protection. It is worthy to mention in these structures the different kind of the spillways constructed in hydro energetic and agricultural works, the bridges constructed on the river beds, the dams, groynes and dikes for river and coastal protection, breakdowns constructed in ports and harbors, etc. 4. Transport of sediments in river beds and coastal sediments, by which are predicted by analytical or measurements in site and by numerical methods the main parameters of the bed and suspended sediment flow in rivers and Torrens or for the irrigation systems of agricultural lands.

Related Literature According to Roberts and Freeman (1982: 55) technical innovation is supplemented and adapted through a series of phases. Someone first has an idea. It is good; the idea goes to a technical problem

solving advancing to design and development. Finally, if it fills a significant social need; the new product utilized and diffused throughout the market. According to Richard Dudgeon (1851), he was granted a patent for hydraulic jack. In the year 1855, he literally amazed on lookers a New York when he drove from his abode to his place of work in a steam carriage about to people on a single barrel anthracite coal at a speed of 14 m. p. h. dudgeon deserves a special credit for his innumerable inventions including the roller boiler tube expanders, filter press jack, pulling jack, heavy plate hydraulic hole pushes and various kinds of lifting jacks. To operate the hydraulic compress, pump the handle on the hydraulic cylinder up and down. This increases the pressure of the ram. It In then exerts a much greater force against the part it is touching. This force can straighten bent part or remove and install press-fit parts. These include bushing, bearings brake-drum studs piston ring and rivets. The press can do many other jobs requiring a high and steady force. Joseph Bramah (1796) employed to shape, extrude, or stamp metals and to test materials under high pressures. Units developing a force of more than 4 million kg (more than 9 million lb) have been developed for shaping whole aircraft sections. Hydraulic jack are widely used all across the globe. They have a lot of relevance in the present area, as they have made an incredible contribution in making our life more comfortable than it was before. These jacks have outweighed conventional screw jacks that were in use at some point of time. Hydraulic jack basically consists of two cylinders joined together. It works on the principle of Pascals Law which suggests that when there is an increase in pressure in any point in a container of fluid, there is an equal increase in pressure at very other point in the container. Use the valve spring compressor and removed the valves and spring from the head. Place the parts in order in a rack. If valve cannot be pulled out of the valve guide by hand, check for a tip end that mushroomed or peeve over. If this has happened, use a file or small grinding stone to slightly chamfer the tip end. Forcing a valve though the guide will damage or break the guide. During the design of equipment that requires fluid power, many factors are considered in selecting the type of system to be used hydraulic, pneumatic, or a combination of the two. Some of the factors are required speed and accuracy of operation, surrounding atmospheric conditions, economic conditions, availability of replacement fluid, required pressure level, operating temperature range, contamination possibilities, cost of transmission lines, limitations of the equipment, lubricity, safety to the operators, and expected service life of the equipment. Viscosity is one of the most important properties of hydraulic fluids. It is a measure of a fluids resistance to flow. A liquid, such as gasoline, which flows easily, has a low viscosity; and a liquid, such as tar, which flows slowly, has a high viscosity. The viscosity of a liquid is affected by changes in temperature and pressure. As the temperature of a liquid increases, its viscosity decreases. That is, a liquid flows more easily when it is hot than when it is cold. The viscosity of a liquid increases as the pressure on the liquid increases.

A satisfactory liquid for a hydraulic system must be thick enough to give a good seal at pumps, motors, valves, and so on. These components depend on close fits for creating and maintaining pressure. Any internal leakage through these clearances results in loss of pressure, instantaneous control, and pump efficiency. Leakage losses are greater with thinner liquids (low viscosity). A liquid that is too thin will also allow rapid wearing of moving parts, or of parts that operate under heavy loads. On the other hand, if the liquid is too thick (viscosity too high), the internal friction of the liquid will cause an increase in the liquids flow resistance through clearances of closely fitted parts, lines, and internal passages. This results in pressure drops throughout the system, sluggish operation of the equipment, and an increase in power consumption. Conceptual Model The conceptual model of this study which depicted in figure 1.

Figure1. Conceptual Model of the Study This study followed the input-throughput-out put approach. The input of study is alternatives ideas from related and literature, supplies in materials, tools in equipment, and labor. The through put of the consisted of the process involved in the device such as; designing, constructing, and testing. The output of this study is the completed improvised hydraulic valve spring compressor.

2. Operational Definition of terms Variables used in the Study

The key variables and their operational definition are as follows: The Completed improvised Hydraulic valve spring compressor is the assembly of the unit which is operational to be use by technician during laboratory works. Hydraulic jack used to compress the valve remover in the cylinder Flat bar used to put the cylinder head Wheel used to move one place to another place Cabinet used to keep the part and tools Structural frame - used to valve train keeper

Chapter III METHODOLOGY Development of the Project This chapter presents a brief description of the supplies and material tools, and equipment, construction, procedure, try out and revision, construction time frame, and total cost of the project. Supplies and Materials Table I shows the quantity, unit and name and description of the supplies and materials necessary in the construction of the project Table 1 Supplies, Materials and Costs Quantity 3 1 kl. Pc. Unit Name and description Unit cost 95.00 285.00 30.00 30.00 (in php) Total cost (in php)

Welding rod G.I pipe s-40

1 1 1 1 1 8 4 1

qrt. Pc. pc Pc. Pc. Pc. Pc. pc

Metal primer P/brush 11/2

80.00 80.00 18.00 18.00 300.00 300.00 939.00 939.00 250.00 250.00 40.00

MS plate 0.20x0.40 Angle bar 1/4x2x2x6 G.I Plain sheet # 16 Bolt w/nut 5.00

Bearing 50.00 200.00 Hydraulic jack 2T 420.00 420.00 GRAND TOTAL 2,562.00

Tools and Equipment Table 2 shows the tools and equipment used in the construction of the project and other respective used. Table 2 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT AND THEIR RESPECTIVE FUNCTION Tools and Equipment TOOLS a. Hacksaw Cutting the work piece to the desire size. b. File Finishing and smoothing the surface of the parts to the fabricated. c. Drill bit d. Try square Drilling holes on the parts to be produce. Setting the parts to be jointed at 90 angle. Measuring dimensions of parts to be cut and manufactured. Removing slugs on the surface of the weld Uses and function

e. Pull-push rule f. Clipping hammer

g. Center punch Marking the parts of the metals to be drilled h. Wrenches Tightening and loosening screws

l. Spray Gun other liquid. EQUIPMENT

Device used for applying liquid. A device that uses pressure to apply atomized paint or

a. Welding Machine b. Drill press c. Shaper d. Grinder

Joining the metal parts of the project by the process of fusion.

Making hole on the parts of the project. Flattening and squaring the metal parts of the project. Sharpening the tool bit and removing the unnecessary metal parts.

Construction Procedure The Improvised Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor is made up of the following: Base Assembly This assembly is made of a bar and metal plain sheet which is constructed into a base assembly of Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor. The following are the procedures in constructing this assembly: Prepare the hydraulic jack, thinner paint, body filler, and angle bar; flat bar and metal plain sheet, shaped the angle bar into a rectangular with the length 50 inches and the width 17 inches. Hydraulic jack must assemble how to remove the valve assembly. Measure the angle into equal length and wide. Then cut it in same measure. Then measure also the plain sheet it make a drawer and cabinet. Then you need put it to the angle assembly using the rivet. Weld each part correctly and accurately inspect and clean the angle bar, MS plate and plain sheet that have been welded on each part. When assemble the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor you must applying a body filler to level the curve. Then paint it using the spray gun assembly to finalize the HVSC.

Try out and Revision On the assembly line of the major components of the project, fittings, defects and minor revisions were noted, tested, and evaluated. The purpose of try out and revisions were mainly to identify and remedy the defective parts and to improve its capability and functionality for greater accuracy.

Defects

Revisions First check the

1. The first defect was the failure of the hydraulic linkage. And is not functioning. gasket of the hydraulic press and its liquid.

E. Construction time frame Table III shows the work flow of activities in series and the time allotment Table 3 Work activities and the allotment

Work activities Time Allotment (in hours) 1. Preparation and supplies and Materials 2. Bench works 3. Welding works 4. Painting job 5. Assembly works 6. Try-out and revision Total number of hours 188 hours 24 24 48 8 36 48

As revealed in table III the project was constructed in the period of the one hundred eighty-eight (188) hours which is equivalent to twenty working days. Table 4 Labor cost No. of workers Description 1 1 1 Machinist Rate/day 500.00 No. of days Total cost

500.00 1 day 50.00 300.00

Welder 50.00 1 day Painter 300.00 1 day

Total cost of labor 850.00 Table 5 Sources of cost and cost per source Sources 1. Supplies materials 2. Labor 850.00 300.00 Cost(in Pph) 2,562.00

3. Miscellaneous expenses

Total cost of production 3,012.00 Current cost commercial made hydraulic bulb spring compressor Difference 5,088.00 9,000.00

The table shows the actual production cost of the project which amounted Php 3,012.00

Figure 2. Dimensional Plan of HVSC

Figure 3. Measuring the metal plain sheet

Figure 4. Cutting the angle bar

Figure 5. Grinding the angle bar to remove unnecessary welds.

Figure 6. Cutting the plain sheet.

Figure 7. Welding the angle bar.

Figure 8. Drilling the structural assembly

Figure 9. Applying auto-body filler

Figure 10. Final painting of the HVSC

Figure 11. Fastening the bolts and nuts

Figure 12. Testing and operating the hydraulic jack

Figure 13. Removing the valve assembly.

Figure 14. Installing the spring.

Figure 15. Rear view of the HVSC

Figure 16. Side view of the HVSC

Figure 17. Front view of the HVSC

Figure18. Top view of the HVSC Chapter IV DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPLETED PROJECT This chapter discusses the structure of the gadget and the several processes involved in its operation, maintenance and control. A. Structure The improvised hydraulic valve spring compressor is modification of the commercially produced hydraulic valve spring compressor. The modification lies in the substitution of most parts with locally available materials. The structure of the project includes the features, parts, and functions and their interrelationships, capabilities, and limitations.

1. Features of the project The features of the project are enumerated and briefly discussed below: A. Hydraulic jack

The hydraulic it will serve as to press the valve spring so that we can remove the lack of the valve spring. B. Hydraulic Manually Operated

The lever is pressed down to operate the mechanism, this fluid is trapped on the barrel creating hydraulic pressure to test the opening pressure of the nozzle.

C. Can be produced locally Since all materials used are available in the locality, then the expertise of the instructors. this gadget can be made locally with

2. Parts, functions and Interrelationships

Table 8 reveals the major parts of the completed project and the corresponding functions of each of these parts.

Table 6 Parts of the Completed Project and Their Respective Functions 1. Hydraulic Jack assembly. They compress with pressure inside the hydraulic jack to remove the four valve

2. Cylinder head table Used for put the cylinder head assembly. 3. Valve spring drawer To keep all the valve and spring in the proper place into the drawer. 4. Cabinet time. 5. Wheel When you work in this kind gadget they have put your cylinder into cabinet when off

They move one place to another place.

Parts and Functions The Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor consists of the following parts. a. b. c. d. e. f. bolts- used to hold adjustable tube holder lock nuts- used to lock or fasten Plain sheet- served as the body of the assembly Rivet- used to lock the plain sheet into the angle bar. Wheel- served to move one place to the other placed. Drawer- Used to keep all the component parts of the cylinder assembly.

Interrelationship - the various parts of the project have a distinctive function which links the appropriate operation of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor. To achieve the best performance, each part should function efficiently. Hydraulic Jack.- It designed to push the heavy equipments. An Hydraulic lift, is a lift that works by using hydraulic oil to raise and lower it, an hydraulic ram is fitted to the under side of the lift. Other lifts work by means of the traction sheave driving the lift car up and down. An Hydraulic lift is not as fast as normal lift, but can take greater weight, and the other thing about an Hydraulic lift is that the lift motor room can be remote from the lift shaft unlike a normal lift. But in my research it reverses for using in order to

used the hydraulic jack. They used it removed the valve spring assembly to combine it two gadget hydraulic jack and valve spring remover. Cylinder head table-It can serve useful to put the cylinder head assembly. When the time you need to remove the valve spring assembly. Valve spring drawer and cabinet-When the time you remove the valve spring assembly you need one place to put them in separated the valve spring into each piston. That why one of my gadget I needed to put a drawer to separate it in order to put the valve assembly. Sometime we need a place to put the some spare part of engine we put it a cabinet to safe it all the engine assembly. Wheel-Some gadget has a wheel that moves it into another place when you need to put them. One of my gadgets they have also a wheel to serve it into one place to another place.

3. Capabilities The gadget can perform several activities during work shop time. it can served it to remove the valve spring assembly. The hydraulic valve spring compressor is to remove it all the valve spring assembly. Put the cylinder head into the cylinder head table. Pump it the hydraulic jack with valve spring remover using the long hand tube handle. Compress the valve spring in order to remove and Remove the valve lock by using the magnet. 4. Limitation  This Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor is used to pressed the valve spring assembly

 Although this gadget is designed to removed the valve spring assembly. It cannot be used to the power plant engine. This Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor is used only in automotive industry. B. Process This process includes operating procedures, maintenance and safety and control measures, whereby the valve spring remover was connected the hydraulic jack.

Operating procedure Precaution on handling hydraulic jack, it should be keep in mind of the lack in the hydraulic jack is always close. In the removing the valve be sure we must used a proper tools in order to remove. When we removed the other valve spring assembly is easy to point the other valve spring assembly.

Maintenance The following steps help in extending the life span of the gadget.    When you put the cylinder head be sure in the proper position. After removing the valve lock you need put in the proper place inside the drawer. After working make to cleanup the hydraulic valve spring compressor.

Data-Gathering Instrument. A set of research instruments was constructed in the collection of data for the present study. The Self-Administered Questionnaires was composed of two parts. Part I, contains the variables on the personal profile of the instructors or respondents in the automotive industry in Zamboanga City, who evaluated the effectiveness of the Improvised hydraulic valve spring compressor. The variables included in personal profile are: Gender, Age, Educational Attainment,

Statistical Tool The Respondent of the Study The respondents of the study were the shop work laboratory instructors and professors of ZCSPC. There were four (4) Automotive Technology Instructor and Professor while there were two (2) electrical technology instructors and professors. Although the ACST was a gadget to be used for automotive vehicles, the proponent deemed it necessary to included selected electrical technology instructors and professors since the HVSC has automotive component in it. Table 6. Show the distribution of the respondents. Of the five (5) respondents, there were four (4) automotive technology instructor and professors which comprised sixty seven percent (67%) of the number of respondents. Meanwhile, there were two (2) technician technology graduated of Zamboanga State Polytechnic College comprised thirty three percent (33%) of the total number of the respondents. There were two (2) instructors and professors respondents whose age range from 21-35 years old total number of respondents. The age remaining four (4) range from 36-50 years old. Two (2) respondents were all bachelors degree holder and only two (2) finished his master degree. One (1) respondent had a working experience of two (2) years and below. Another one (1) also working experiences of one (1)

year. All these evaluator respondents were employed by Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College, which is a public educational institution. All respondents were males.

Table 7 Distribution of Respondents Respondents 1. Instructors No. of Respondents 4 67% 33% Percentage

2. Technicians 2 Total 6 100%

As shown in Table 7, four (4) instructors came from Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College (ZCSPC), they were carefully selected to evaluate the effectiveness of the Improvised Wheel Alignment Machine. One of the four (4) instructors is a graduate of Master of Arts in Teaching Vocational Education (MATVE) major in Industrial Arts at the Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College, and had been teaching automotive subjects in high school for 6 to 10 years. The other instructor has a unit of 36 academic requirements in Master of Arts in Teaching Vocational Education (MATVE) major in Industrial Arts at the Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College, and had been teaching Automotive Technology subject for more than 21 years. The instructor is a graduate of Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering (BS Mar-E) , and had been teaching Power Plant Engineering and Automotive Technology subjects for more than 21 years. The other instructor is a graduate of Bachelor of Science in Industrial Education major in Automotive at the Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College, and had been teaching automotive subject for 2 years from WMSU and ZCSPC.

Research Instruments

We have only one set of research instrument constructed in the collection of data for the present study. The Self-Administered Questionnaire. It was composed of two parts. In part I were contained the variables on the personal profile of the instructors or respondents in the automotive industry in Zamboanga City, who evaluated the effectiveness of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor (HVSC). The personal profile include those variables on: Gender; Age; Educational Attainment; Position; Employer; Number of years in service; and name of office/establishment and office address. Part II contained the items that purportedly measured the level of agreement among the respondents in the automotive industry of Zamboanga City on the potential effectiveness of the HVSC. A three (3) point scale was used in the qualitative description of the level of the respondents agreement.

Statistical treatment A portion of this study necessitated the use of questionnaires in gathering pertinent data in determining the effectiveness of the HVSC. In as much as the data for the effectiveness of the HVSC were collected through the Experts Evaluation Rating (EERS) that utilized a three joint scale, it was necessary to convert these scales through same equalizations. Hence, Description Evaluation Strongly Agree(SA) Agree Not Agree (A) (NA) 3 2 1 Rating

Five (5) general topic areas were conducted in the data gathering instrument. These are the following: 1. 2. 3. The hydraulic valve spring compress or is easy to operate. The hydraulic valve spring compressor functions effectively. The hydraulic valve spring compressor can compress valve spring.

4. 5.

The component parts of hydraulic valve spring compressor are replaceable. The hydraulic valve spring compressor can be use by any one.

Each of these five (5) topics was provided with items. There was a total of five items that covered the topics in the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor (HVSC). A total of five (5) items in the distribution of the respondents comprised of 100%. The items for evaluating the level of effectiveness of the HVSC which comprised of 2.95% of allocated in the following: 1.) The hydraulic valve spring compress or is easy to operate which comprised of 3.00% in the instructor respondents and 3.00% in the technician respondents; 2.) The hydraulic valve spring compressor functions effectively which comprised of 3.00% in the instructor respondents and 3.00% in the technician respondents; 3.) The hydraulic valve spring compressor can compress valve spring which comprised of 3.00% in the instructor respondents and 3.00% in the technician respondents; 4.) The component parts of hydraulic valve spring compressor are replaceable comprised of 3.00% in the instructor respondents and 3.00% in the technician respondents; 5.) The hydraulic valve spring compressor can be use by any one which comprised of 3.00% in the instructor respondents and 3.00% in the technician respondents;.

Table 8 Respondents Evaluation Results SA 4 4 4 4 4 A _ NA X 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00

Overall x= 3.00 Interpretation = Strongly Agree

Technicians Question #1 Question #2 Question # 3 Question #4 Question#5 Overall x= 3.00

SA 2 2 2 2 2

A _ _

NA _

X 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00

Interpretation = Strongly Agree The weighted mean for this item is 2.81 which fall under the category Strongly Agree (SA). An application that can be derived from this result is that the HVSC is to be an effective device in removing the valve spring assembly.

Features of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor The first problem pursued in this study was stated as What are the features of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor is terms of its Design, Component parts and functions these were discussed as the follows. A. Design The features of the HVSC in terms of its design are on the interrelationships with the corresponding functions. B. Component part and their functions- The features of the HVSC in terms of its component parts are on the construction procedures.

Comparability of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor Is the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor comparable to the other valve spring remover in terms of cost, usefulness and quality? These were discussed below.

Cost- Based on the computation show in table 1, the total cost of the supplies and materials to complete the production of one unit of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor is 2562.00 pesos. Usefulness- The Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor is use only to removed the valve spring assembly, while the other valve spring remover is using a force. But it gives same performance in terms of removing the valve spring assembly.

Quality- In terms of the outputs of both removing the valve spring remover. The Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor have a little advantages, it can used to remove by using the hydraulic jack. But, Terms of quality of the gadget. The Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor in terms of its design and component parts. Four general topic areas were conducted in the data gathering instrument. These are the following; 1) The HVSP is installable. 2) The HVSP is functional. 3) The HVSP is safe to use. 4) The HVSP can be used for overhauling.

Chapter V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS This chapter presents the summary, conclusion, and recommendations of the study. Summary This technical feasibility study was made possible to the need of automotive shop of ZCSPC especially the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor. This would help the students in hands on practice to develop skills and knowledge when it comes to laboratory activities in vocational technical school or institutions. This study whose primary objective was to design, constructs, and tests the functionality and effectiveness of the Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor. A Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor is to be used by instructors, professors, and students as a gadget in testing in removing and installed valve spring assembly. Furthermore, this study enhances the students effectiveness in their working performance. The Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor was developed to through the basic theoretical concept of problems involving the overhauling in the automotive shop in Z.C.S.P.C. The conceptual idea of the was purely of the re Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor searcher.

Conclusion The result of the study revealed that the production of Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor is feasible and that it can be designed and constructed by automotive instructors, teachers to overcome the perennial problem of overhauling most especially in hands on laboratories activities. Recommendations Based on the conclusions of the study, the following recommendations are hereby proposed. 1. School administration should motivate and provide financial support to teachers, instructors, and students in automotive technology of the Z.C.S.P.C. to unveil their unlimited ideas to improve and provide laboratory equipments. 2. 3. further research should be conducted on the feasibility of having; Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor can only be used within the hydraulic jack in 2ton.

APPENDIX A Republic of the Philippines Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula R.T. Lim Boulevard, Zamboanga City

Date:___________ Mr.________________ This College

Dear Sir:

Greetings of peace!

In view of the evaluation process of our Technical Feasibility Study on Hydraulic Valve Spring Compressor, the proponents of this study humbly invite you to be one of our evaluators to evaluate our project.

Your acceptance of this evaluation would help us in the completion of our project.

Thank you very much and more power.

Very truly yours,

GILBERT A. DELAPEA Proponent

MANNY O. VALLEDOR Proponent

ERIC S. LARA Proponent Noted by: BONNIE A. ANDABON Instructor

APPENDIX B

A SELF ADMINISTRATION QUESTIONAIRE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE HYDRUALIC VALVE SPRING COMPRESSOR EVALUATED BY THE EXPERTS IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

A.

Personal Data

Directions: please put a check mark, or whatever it is necessary, write the request data on the blank space provided.

Name :( Optional)_____________________Sex :_________( Male)_________(Female) Age :_______( 20 yrs old below)_______(21 to 35 yrs old)________(36 to 50 yrs old)_____(50 years old above)

Highest education attainment: ____(Doctorate);______(Masters Degree);______(Bachelors Degree); ____(Vocational) ____(Others). Please Specify Position: ____(Professor);_____(Instructor);_____(Specialist);_______(Technicians) ______(Others). Please Specify Employer: ___(Public Education Institution);_____(Private Education Institution); ___(Government Owned Corporation);____( Private Owned Corporation); ___(Others). Please Specify Number of years in the service: ___(5 yrs and below)____(6 to 10 yrs);____(11 to 15 yrs);____(16 to 20 yrs); ___(21 yrs and above) Name of office/establishment and office address: ______________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX C EXPERT EVALUATION RATINGS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE HYDRUALIC VALVE SPRING COMRESSOR

Directions: below are the statements that describe how effective the hydraulic valve spring compressor. Please put a check mark on the space that correspondent to your honest evaluation using the rating scale below: Descriptive Evaluation 3 Agree (A) Not Agree (NA) ITEM SA A NA X 1 Descriptive Rating Strongly agree (SA)

1. The hydraulic valve spring compress or is easy to operate. 2. The hydraulic valve spring compressor functions effectively. 3. The hydraulic valve spring compressor can compress valve spring. 4. The component parts of hydraulic valve spring compressor are replaceable. 5. The hydraulic valve spring compressor can be use by any one.

APPENDIX D BIBLIOGRAPHY Books Crouse, William H. and Anglin, Donald L. Automotive Mechanics, 10th edition McGraw- Hill Company, 1994. Fancisco, Felizardo Y. and Molina, Orvil M. Basic Automotive Electricity National Bookstore, 1992. Gregorys Scientific Publications Service and Repair Manual, Magna TR Series Four Cylinder, Gregorys 1993. Stockel, Martin W. and Stockel Martin T. Auto Service Repair

GOODHEART- WILLCOX COMPANY, INC 1984. Unpublished Materials Amor, Eli R. Development and Multi Electric Device (Unpublished Seminar Paper, Bicol Uneversity 1983) Bondoc, Virginia B. Skill Acquired by Garment Trainees and Skill Needed by Garment Industry (Unpublished Masters Thesis Marikina Institute of Science and Technology, 1979) Laugo, Jon, Vocational Training Policy: International Issues. ADB Technical Vocational and Trainning 1991 Mantives, Doesdado. Improvised Overhead Projectors (Unpublished Feasibility Study Marikina Institute of Science and Technology, 1983 ) Andabon, Bonnie A. on his thesis an Automotive Engine Ignition System Circuit Trainer an Evaluation on its Effectiveness to Automotive Instruction, copyright (2005) study at Zamboanaga City State Polytechnic College. Azul de Leon, Lacson. Published the hydraulic brake master cylinder in trainer, copyright (2007) study here in at Zamboanaga City State Polytechnic College.

Appendix A CURRICULUM VITAE NAME: Gilbert C. Dela Peňa DATE OF BIRTH: November 14, 1986 FATHER: Romualdo Dela Peňa MOTHER: Elena Dela Peňa EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: ELEMENTARY: Bless Elementary School HIGH SCHOOL: Siocon National High School COLLEGE: Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College COURSE: Bachelor of Science in Automotive Technology

Appendix B CURRICULUM VITAE NAME: Eric S. Lara DATE OF BIRTH: February 08 1987 PLACE OF BIRTH: Latap Limpapa Zamboanga City CIVIL STATUS: Single FATHER: Warlito A. Lara MOTHER: Martina A. Lara EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: ELEMENTARY: Latap Elementary School HIGH SCHOOL: Labuan National High School COLLEGE: Zamboanga City State College COURSE: Bachelor of Science in Automotive Technology

Appendix C CURRICULUM VITAE NAME: Manny G. Valledor DATE OF BIRTH: November 25, 1982 PLACE OF BIRTH: Zamboanga City CIVIL STATUS: Single FATHER: Godofredo C. Valledor MOTHER: Laura G. Valledor EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: ELEMENTARY: Tumaga Elem. School HIGH SCHOOL: Z.C.H.S(Main) COLLEGE: Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College COURSE: Bachelor of Science in Automotive Technology