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Lysosomes supply the enzymes for degradation of worn out cell parts in a process called autophagy (process 5 in diagram).

Lysosomes also provide the enzymes for degradation of particulate material taken in by phagocytosis (process 1) or fluid phase pinocytosis (process 2). Lysosomes have various roles. They are active in recycling the cell's organic material and in the intracellular digestion of macromolecules. In addition, in many organisms, lysosomes are involved in programmed cell death. Free ribosome Free ribosomes can move about anywhere in the cytosol, but are excluded from the cell nucleus and other organelles. Proteins that are formed from free ribosomes are released into the cytosol and used within the cell. Since the cytosol contains high concentrations of glutathione and is, therefore, a reducing environment, proteins containing disulfide bonds, which are formed from oxidized cysteine residues, cannot be produced in this compartment. Ribosomes function ribosomes are found in the cells central cytoplasm. However ribosomes may be scattered in other parts of the cells such as the reticular membrane and the cell wall. Other ribosomes may attach and lodge to the mitochondria. Endoplasmic reticulum function in eukaryotic cells the endoplasmic reticulum function and structure varies a bit according to the type of cell. In the following lines, i talk about the generic functions of endoplasmic reticulum, irrespective of the type of cells. Proteins are the most crucial of all biological molecules. They make all of a cell's critical functions possible, including photosynthesis in plants and the cellular respiration, which produces atp molecules.
The main function of the mitochondrion is the production of energy, in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The cell uses this energy to perform the specific work necessary for cell survival and function. What is the Function of the Centriole?

Centriole plays a crucial role at the time of cell division. At the time of cell division, centrioles replicate to form two centrosomes, each with two centrioles. The two centrosomes then move in the opposite direction towards the opposite ends of the nucleus. From each centrosome, some thread like microtubules appear, which are known as spindle or mitotic spindle. During cell division, the single parent cell divides itself into two daughter cells, and the spindle is responsible for separating or

pulling the replicated chromosomes to the two daughter cells. So, centrioles helps in the organization of the mitotic spindle, as well as the completion of cytokinesis.

Microtubules act as conveyer belts inside cells. They help to move vesicles, granules and organelles like mitochondria, and chromosomes via special attachment proteins. Vesicles get attached to microtubule associated proteins and move along the microtubule conveyer belt. The microtubule associated proteins include kinesins and dynein which move along the microtubules in opposite directions. Kinesins move vesicles along towards the plus end and dynein moves towards the minus end. This is how vesicles are moved from one region to another. This is active transport and hence, requires the breakdown of ATP, though it is not yet known how the energy from ATP breakdown is converted into vectorial transport. Vacuole Function in Animals Cells In animals endocytosis and exocytosis are the processes where vacuoles play a subordinate role. In the process of exocytosis, proteins and lipids are expelled from cells. The vacuoles don't play a direct role in the extrusion of lipids and proteins however, act as their containers. The process of endocytosis is merely the reverse of exocytosis. The vacuole functions can be understood in a better manner with the information presented above. These cell organelles play an important role in the functioning of plant cells. Their role in animal cells is not much important. Maintaining the turgor pressure, cell pH and other important features of vacuoles are explained in the article. Function of the Chloroplast As I mentioned, the chloroplast function is related to photosynthesis. The thylakoids are made up of photo systems, chlorophyll and accessory pigments which absorb light resulting in electron transfer to form complex co factors like NADP (Nicotine Amide Dinucleotide Phosphate) and ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) which are energy providing molecules. This is followed by the dark reaction wherein carbon fixation and carbohydrate formation takes place using ATP and NADP. This reaction takes place in the stroma and is named as the Calvin cycle, after the discoverer. This was some gist of the what is chloroplast structure and function. If you go in the details of plant cell biology, you will realize that all the plant cell organelles are complex and complicated, including chloroplasts. The cell wall is an important reserve of carbohydrates, which can in dire situations, be used by the cell for other metabolic purposes. It also said that the cell wall contains oligosaccharins which act as hormones for the cell, as they stimulate the synthesis of ethylene, chitinase and other such enzymes in the cell.

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