1

SKELET
-AXIAL SKELET
-APPENDCULER SKELET
AXIAL SKELET
Cranium

Neuracranium

Occipitale

Parietale
Frontale
Temporale

Sphenoidale
Ethmoidale
Splanchnocranium Lacrimale
Concha Nasalis nferior
Palatinum
Vomer
Nasale
Zygomaticum
Maxilla
Mandibula
Os hyoideum

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Columna Vertebralis

vertebralar

Thorax kemikleri

Sternum
Costalar

Servical
7
Thoracal 12
Lumbal
5
Sacral
5
Coxigeal 4

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Dr. Malas

2
OS OCCPTALE
Pars basilaris

Partes lateralis

yzleri

st yz
Alt yz

kenarlar

Sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris

ular

n ucu
Arka ucu

Synchondrozis spheno-occipitalis
Foramen magnum

Yzleri

st yz

Tuberculum jugulare

Alt yz

Condylus occipitalis,
canalis condylaris,
canalis hypoglossi,
fossa condylaris

kenar

Foramen magnum,
incisura jugularis,
processus jugularis

D kenar

Processus intrajugularis

n yz

eminentiaruciformis,
protuberantia occipitalis interna,
sulcus sinus transversi,
sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris,
sulcus sinus sigmoidei,
crista occipitalis interna

Arka yz

Protuberentia occipitalis externa,

crista occipitalis externa,
linea nuchea superior,
linea nuchea suprema,
linea nuchea inferior,

kenarlar

Squama
occipitalis

zellii

yzleri

kenarlar

Clivus
Tuberculum pharyngeum

Margo lamboideus,
margo mastoideus

Occipitalin vcuttaki duruu: kabuk eklinde olan ksm arkaya, kabuun i yz ne, byk delik yatay olarak aa gelecek

Dr. Malas

Os Parietale
Yzleri

zellii
D Yz
(Facies Externa)

Foramen parietale
Tuber parietale
Linea temporalis inferior
Planum temporale

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Yz
(Facies nterna)

Sulcus sinus sagittalis superior

Sulcus sinus sigmoidei
Foveolae granulares

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Kenarlar

Margo occipitalis
Margo squamosus
Margo saggitalis
Margo frontalis

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Keleri

Angulus frontalis
Angulus occipitalis
Angulus sphenoidalis
Angulus mastoideus

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Pariatelenin vcuttaki duruu: kemiin konkav yz ie aa, bu yzdeki damar oluklarnn balad ke ne aa, konkav kenar ise aa gelecek

Dr. Malas

4
Os Frontale
Squama Frontalis

zellii
Yzleri

Kenarlar

D Yz
(Facies Externa)

Tuber frontale
Arcus superciliaris
Glabella
Margo supraorbitalis
Foramen supraorbitalis
ncisura frontale
Linea temporalis
Facies temporalis
Sutura frontalis
Processus zygomaticus

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Yz
(Facies nterna)

Crista frontalis
Foramen caecum
Sulcus sinus sagittalis superior

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Pars Nasalis
Partes Orbitales

Yzleri

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Margo parietalis
Spina nasalis
Margo nasalis
Spina nasalis

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st Yz

Juga serebralia
mpressiones digitatae(gyrorum)

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Alt Yz

ncisura ethmoidalis
Spina trochlearis
Fovea trochlearis
Foramen ethmoidale anterius
Foramen ethmoidale posterius
Fossa glandulae lacrimalis
Foveolae ethmoidales
Cellulae ethmoidales

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Frontalenin vcuttaki duruu: ukur yz arkaya, byk entik yatay durumda aa gelecek

Dr. Malas

5
Os Temporale

zellii

Temporalenin vcuttaki duruu: kabuk eklindeki ksm yukar, bu yzdeki knt da, knt ucu ne
getirilir
Pars
Squamosa

Pars
Mastoidea

Yzleri

Yz

Sulci arteriarum

Kenarlar Margo sphenoidalis

Margo parietalis
ncisura parietalis

Yzleri

Kenarlar
Pars
Tympanica

D
Sulcus arteriae temporalis mediae
Yz(facies Processus zygomaticus
Temporalis) Fossa mandibularis
Facies articularis
Tuberculum articulare
Fissura petrosquamosa
Planum infratemporale
Crista supra mastoidea

D Yz

Processus mastoideus
ncisura mastoidea
Sulcus arteriae occipitalis
Foramen mastoideum
Fissura petrosquamosa

Yz

Sulcus sinus sigmoidei

Foramen mastoideum

Margo occipitalis

Anulus tympanicus
Meatus acusticus externus
Porus acusticus externus
Spina suprameatum
Spina tympanica major
Spina tympanica minor
Sulcus tympanicus
Vagina processus styloidei
Fissura tympanomastoidea
Fissura tympanosquamosa
Fissura petro tympanica(glaser yar)

Dr. Malas

Pars Petrosa

Yzleri

Kenarlar

Tepesi
Os
Vcutta
temporalenin duruu:

Facies anterior
paries petrosae

Canalis caroticus
mpressio trigeminalis
Sulcus nevri petrosi majoris
Sulcus nevri petrosi minoris
Hiatus canalis n petrosi majoris
Hiatus canalis n petrosi minoris
Eminentia arcuata
Tegmen tympani
Fissura petrosquamosa

Facies posterior Porus acusticus internus

paries petrosae Fundus meatus acustici interni
Meatus acusticus internus
Crista transversa
Canalis facialis
Fossa subarcuata
Aquaductus vestibuli

Facies anterior
inferior

Canalis musculotubarius
Semicanalis tubae auditivae
Septum canalis musculotubarii

Facies inferior
partis petrosae

Fossa jugularis
Apertura externa canalis carotisi
Fossula petrosa
Apertura externa canaliculi
tympanici
Canaliculus tympanicus
Apertura externa canaliculi cochleae
Canaliculus mastoideus
Processus styloideus
Foramen stylomastoideum

Margo superior Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris

partes petrosae

Margo
Sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris
posterior partes ncisura jugularis
petrosae
Processus intrajugularis

Apertura interna canalis carotici

Canalis caroticus
Canaliculi caroticotympanici
Yass olan kabuk eklindeki ksm yukar bu parann
d yzndeki yas knt da dorudur.

Dr. Malas

7
Os sphenoidale
Corpus
(yzleri)

Kanatlar

zellikler

st Yz

Sella turcica
Fossa hypophysialis
Tuberculum sellae
Sulcus prechiasmaticus
Dorsum sellae
Processus clinoideus posterior
Processus clinoideus medius
Jugum sphenoidale
Spina ethmoidalis

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n Yz

Crista sphenoidalis
Rostrum sphenoidale
Apertura sinus sphenoidalis
Concha sphenoidalis

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Alt Yz

Sulcus vomerovaginalis
Sulcus palatovaginalis
Foramen caecum

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..

Arka Yz

Jugum sphenoidale

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Ala Minor

Canalis opticus
Processus clinoideus anterior
Fissura orbitalis superior
Lingula sphenoidais
Sulcus caroticus

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..
..

Ala Major

Yzleri

Kenarlar

Processus Pterygoideus

Facies
cerabralis

Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum

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..

Facies
temporalis

Crista infratemporalis
Spina ossis sphenoidalis
Sulcus tubae auditivae

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Facies orbitalis
Facies sphenomaxillaris

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Margo zygomaticus
Margo frontalis
Margo parietalis
Margo squamosus

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Lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei

Lamina medialis processus pterygoidei
Fossa pterygoidea
Fossa scaphoidea
Processus vaginalis
Hamulus pterygoideus
Sulcus hamuli pterygoidei
Canalis pterygoideus
Sulcus pterygopalatinus
Processus pterygospinosus
ncisura pterygoidea

Sinus sphenoidalis
Septum sinuum sphenoidalium

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Dr. Malas

Os Ethmoidale

zellikler

Lamina Perpendicularis

Lamina Cribrosa

lLabyrinthus Ethmoidalis

Foramina cribrosa
Crista galli
Alae crista gali

.
.
.

Cellulae ethmoidalis
nfindibulum ethmoidale
Hiatus semilunaris
Processus uncinatus
Concha nasalis superior
Concha nasalis media
Meatus nas superior
Meatus nasi media
Bulla ethmoidalis
Lamina orbitalis
Foramen ethmoidale anterius
Foramen ethmoidale posterius
Rec. sphenoethmoidalis

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Os ethmoidale nin vcuttaki duruu: delikli olan lamina yatay, zerindeki knt sagittal olarak ne gelecek

Dr. Malas

9
Os Lacrimale
Yzleri

Kenarlar

zellikler
D Yz

Crista lacrimalis posterior

Sulcus lacrimalis
Hamulus lacrimalis
Fossa sacci lacrimalis

.
.
.
.

Yz

Ethomoid kemikle karlar

n Kenar

Maxillann processus frontalisi ile

karlar

Arka Kenar

Os ethmpidlenin Lamna orbitalisi ile

karlar

st Kenar

Os frontale ile karlarr

Alt Kenar

Maxilla ile karlar

Os lacrimalenin vcuttaki duruu; kntsnn ve oluunun olduu yz da doru, knt dikey ve kntnn ucundaki engel aadadr.

Concha Nasalis nferior

zellikler

Yzleri

D yz
yz

.
.

Uzantlar

Processus lacrimalis
Processus maxillaris
Processus ethmoidalis

.
.
.

Dr. Malas

10
Os Palatinum
Lamina Perpendicularis

zellikler
Yzleri

Kenarlar

Facies nasalis

Crista conehalis
Crista ethmoidalis

.
.

Facies maxillaris

Sulcus pterygopalatinus
sulcus palatinus majr
sulci palatini
Canalis palatinus majr
Canalis palatinus majr
Canalis palatini

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.
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.

Processus pyramidalis

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.
.

ncisura sphenopalatina
Foramen sphenopalatinum
Processus orbitalis
Processus sphenoidalis

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.

n kenar
Arka kenar
Alt kenar
st kenar

Lamina Horizontalis

Facies Nasalis

Spina nasalis (ossis palatini)

Crista nasalis

.
.

Facies Palatina

Foramina palatina minora

Foramen palatinus majr
Crista palatina

.
.
.

Os palatinumun vcuttaki duruu: Kk lamina yatay ve aa gelecek ekilde bu laminann kaln kenar ie dzgn olan kenar arkaya dorudur

Dr. Malas

11
Vomer
Alea Vomeris

zellikler
Margo Ethmodeus
Margo Liber
Margo Palatinus

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...
...

Vomerin vcuttaki duruu; kaln olan ve kanatlar bulunan kenar yukar dzgn kenar arkaya gelecek

Os Nasale
D Yz
Yz

zellikler
Foramen Nasale
Sulcus Ethmoidalis

...
...

Os nasalenin vcuttaki duruu; en dar ve prtkl kenar yukar, dzgn yz ne da bakacak ekilde gelir.

Os Zygomaticum
Yzleri

Uzantlar

zellikler
Facies lateralis

Foramen zygomaticofaciale

...

Facies temporalis

Foramen zygomaticotemporale

...

Facies orbitalis

Foramen zygomaticoorbitale

...

Processus temporalis
Processus frontalis

...
Tuberculum marginale

...

Os zygomaticumun vcuttaki duruu: Konveks yz da, dzgn konkav kenar ne ve kntl ke ise yukar dorudur.

Dr. Malas

12
Os Maxilla
Processus
Zygomaticus

zellikler
Facies orbitalis

Sulcus infraorbitalis
nc. lacrimalis
Canalis infraorbitalis
Margoinfraorbitalis
Foramen infraorbitale
Fossa canina
ncisura nasalis
Spina nasalis anterior
Crista infrazygomatica
Sutura infraorbitalis

.
.
.

Facies
infratemporalis

Tuber maxilae
Foramina alveolaria
Canalis alveolares

.
.
.

Facies nasalis

Sulcus lacrimalis
Crista conchalis
Margo lacrimalis
Hiatus maxillaris
Sinus maxillaris
Sulcus pterygopalatinus

.
.
.
.
.

D Yz

Crista lacrimalis anterior

Sulcus lacrimalis

.
.

Yz

Crista ethmoidalis

Facies anterior

Processus Frontalis

Processus Palatnus

Crista nasalis
Canalis incisivus
Spinae nasalis ant.
Sulci palatini

Processus Alveolaris Arcus alveolaris

Os incisivum
Sutura incisiva
Alveoli dentales
Septa interalveeolaria
Septa interradicularia
Juga alveolaria
Foramen incisivum
Processus
zygomaticus

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.

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.

Os maxilla nn vcuttaki duruu: dilerin bulunduu kenar aa ,damak knts ie ,byk entik ise ne dorudur.

Dr. Malas

13

Os Mandibula
Corpus
Yzleri
Mandibulae

Kenarlar

Ramus
Yzleri
Mandibulae

Kenarlar

Keleri

zellikler
D yz

Protuberantia mentalis
Tuberculum mentale
Trigonum mentale
Foramen mentale
Linea obliqua
Juga alveolaria

.
.
.
.
.
.

yz

Spina mentalis
Fossa digastrica
Linea mylohyoidea
Fovea sublingualis
Fovea submandibularis
Symphisis mandibula

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.
.

Basis mandibulae

Pars alveolaris

Arcus alveolaris
Alveoli dentales
Septa interalveolaria
Septa interradicularia

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.
.
.

D yz

Tuberositas masseterica

yz

Tuberositas pterygoidea
Foramen mandibulae
Lingula mandibulae
Canalis mandibulae
Sulcus mylohyoideus

.
.
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.
.

ncisura mandibulae

.
.
.

Processus coronoideus

Processus condylaris
Caput mandibulae
Collum mandibulae
Fovea pterygoidea

.
.
.
.

Angulus mandibulae

n kenar
Arka kenar
st kenar
Alt kenar
n st ke
n alt ke
Arka st ke

Arka alt ke

Os mandibulann vcutta duruu: dilerin bulunduu kavisli ksm ne dorudur.

Dr. Malas

14
CRANUM BTN
Calvaria

Basis

zellii

Kemikler

Squama frontalis
Os pariatale
Squama occipitalisin bir ksm

.
.
.

Suturalar

Sutura frontalis
Sutura coronalis
Sutura sagittalis
Sutura lamdoidea
Sutura squamosa

.
.
.
.
.

D Yz

Tuber frontale
Tuber parietale
Foramen parietale
Linea temporalis superior
Linea temporalis inferior
Planum temporale
Linea nuchae suprema

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.
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.
.

i yz

Sulcus sinus sagittalis superior

Crista frontalis
Foramen parietale

.
.
.

D yz, Basis crani externa, Yz, Basis crani interna

Basis crani

zellii

Kemikler

Lamina orbitales
Lamina cribrosa
Os sphenoidale
Os temporale
Os occipitale

.
.
.
.
.

Suturalar

Sutura frontaethmoidalis
Sutura sphenofrontalis
Sutura sphenosquamosa
Sutura occipitomastoides

.
.
.
.

Syncondros lar

Syncondrosis sphenooccipitalis
Syncondrosis sphenopetrosa
Syncondrosis petrooccipitalis

.
.
.

Ba skeletindeki
Antropolojik
Noktalar

Orta izgi zerinde

Bulunanlar(Tek Olanlar)
noktalar

Gnathion noktas
Prosthion noktas
Nasion noktas
Glabella
Bregma noktas
Obelion noktas
Lambda noktas
nion noktas
Opisthion noktas
Basion noktas

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Orta izgide
Bulunmayan
Noktalar(ift
Olanlar)

Gonion noktas
Elmack knts
Dacrion noktas
Stephanion noktas
Pterion noktas
Asterion noktas

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.

Dr. Malas

15
Basis crani externa

zellii

Blmler
n Blm

Spina nasalis anterior

Lamina perpendicularis ossis ethmoidis
Lamina cribrosa
Partes orbitales
Canalis opticus
Fissura orbitalis superior
Apertura sinus sphenoidalis
Fossa infratemporalis

.
.
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.
.

orta blm

Tuberculum pharyngeum
Condylus occipitalis
Tuberculum articulare
Processus pterygoideus
Fossa pterygoidea
Fossa scaphoidea
Fissura
pterygomaxillaris
Hamulus pterygoideus
Foramen lacerum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Spina osis sphenoidale
Processus styloideus
Processus vaginalis
Foramen stylomastoideum
Fissura petrosquamosa
Fissura petrotympanica
Fossa mandibularis
Facies articularis
Pars tympanica
Apertura externa canalis carotici
Fossula petrosa
Apertura externa canaliculi cochlea
Apertura externa canaliculi tympanici
Fossa jugularis
Canalis hypoglossi
Porus acusticus externus
Spina suprameatum

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Arka Blm

Foramen magnum
Fossa condylaris
Canalis condylaris
ncisura mastoidea
Sulcus arteriae occipitalis
Processus mastoideus
Crista occipitalis externa
Protuberantia occipitalis externa
Linea nuchae superior
Linea nuchae inferior

.
.
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.

Dr. Malas

16
Basis crani interna

zellii

Fossa crani anterior

Foramen caeum
Crista galli
Lamina cribrosa
Partes orbitales
Juga serebralis
mpressiones digitatae
Planum sphenoidale
Ala minor
Canalis opticus
Sulcus ciasmatis
Processus clineudeus anterior
Tuberculum sellae

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...

Fossa crani media

Fossa hypophysialis
Processus clinoideus medius
Processus clinoideus posterior
Dorsum sellae
Sulcus caroticus
Lingula sphenoidalis..
Fissura orbitalis superior.
Foramen rotundum.
Foramen ovale..
Foramen spinosum..
Foramen lacerum.
Apertura interna canalis carotici
Fissura sphenopetrosa
Hiatus canalis n. petrosi majoris
Hiatus canalis n.petrosi minoris
mpressio trigemini.
Eminentia arcuata
Tegmen tympani..
Fissura petrosquamosa..
Facies interna.
Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris

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...
...
...

Fossa crani posterior

Pars basilaris
Partes laterales
Squama occipitalis
Clivus
Foramen magnum
Crista occipitalis interna
Protuberantia occipitalis interna
Sulcus sinus transversi
Sulcus sinus sigmoidei
Foramen jugulare
Fissura petrooccipitalis
Tuberculum jugulare
Sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris
Processus intrajugularis
Porus acusticus internus
Meatus acusticus internus
Fundus meatus acustici interni
Apertura externa aquaductus vestibulu
Fossa subarcuata

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Dr. Malas

17
BURUN BOLUU
Duvarlar

Delikleri

zellii
st Duvar

Kemikler

Os ethmoidale
Os nasale
Os sphenoidale
Vomer(ala vomeris)

Recessus sphenoethmoideus

Alt Duvar

Processus palatinus(maxilla)
Lamina horizontalis(os palatinum)
Sutura palatina transversa
Canalis incisivusun st delii

.
.
.
.

Duvar
(septum
nasi
osseum)

Lamina perpendicularis ossis ethmoidei .

Vomer
.
Crista nasalis
.
.

D Duvar

Os nasale
Facies nasalis(maxilla)
Processus frontalis(maxilla)
Os lacrimale
Labrynthus ethmodalis
Concha nasalis inferior
Facies nasalis ossis palatini
Lamina medialis processus pterygoidei
Meatus nasi superior
Meatus nasi medius
Meatus nasi inferior
Meatus nasopharyngeus
Concha nasalis media
Concha nasalis superior
Crista conchalis crista ethmoidalis
Processus uncinatus
Hiatus maxillaris
Bulla ethmoidalis
Cellula ethmoidalisin alma delikleri
Foramen sphenopalatnum
Canalis nasolacrimalis

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n Delik

Apertura priformis

Arka Delik Choanae

Meatuslara
Alan Oluumlar

.
.

Meatus Nasi Superior

Sinus sphenoidalis
Foramen sphenopalatinum
Ethmoid arka cellulalar

......
......
..

Meatus Nasi Medius

Sinus maxillaris
.....
Sinus frontalis
.....
Ethmoid n ve orta celllleri .....

Meatus Nasi nferior

Canalis nasolacrimalis

......

Dr. Malas

18
zellii

ORBTA
Duvarlar

Paries
Superior

Paries
nferior

Paries
Medialis

Paries
Lateralis

Kenarlar

Kemikler

Partes orbitales
Ala minor

...
...

Suturalar

Sutura sphenofrontalis

...

oluumlar

Fossa glandulae lacrimalis

Spina trochlearis
Fovea trochlearis
Canalis opticus

...
...
...

Kemikler

Facies orbitalis(0s sphenoidale)

Processus orbitalis(os palatinum)
Ossis zygomaticum

...
...
...

Suturalar

Sutura zygomaticomaxillaris

...

Oluumlar

Sulcus infraorbitalis
Canalis infraorbitalis

...
...

Kemikler

Processus frontalis maxillae

Os lacrimale
Lamina orbitalis
Os sphenoidale

...
...
...
...

Suturalar

Sutura lacrimomaxillaris
Sutura ethmoidolacrimalis
Sutura sphenoethmoidalis

...
...
...

Oluumlar

Crista lacrimalis anterior

Crista lacrimalis posterior
Fossa sacci lacrimalis
Canalis nasolacrimalis

...
...
...
...

Kemikler

Facies orbitalis(ossis spenoidalis)

Facies orbitalis(ossis zygomatici)

...
...

Suturalar

Sutura sphenozygomatica
Foramen zygomaticoorbitale

...
...

st
Kenar

Sutura frontoethmoidalis
Sutura frontolacrimalis
Foramen ethmoidale anterius
Foramen ethmoidale posterius

...
...
...
...

st D
Kenar

Sutura frontosphenoidalis
Sutura frontozygomatica
Fissura orbitalis superior

...
...
...

Alt D
Kenar

Sutura zygomaticomaxillaris
Fissura orbitalis inferior

...
...

Alt
Kenar

Sutura ethmoidomaxillaris
Sutura lacrimomaxillaris
Canalis nasolacrimalis

...
...
...

Taban

Aditus
Orbitae

Margo supraorbitalis
Foramen frontale
Foramen supraorbitalis
Margo infraorbitalis

...
...
...
...

Tepesi

Canalis opticus

..

Dr. Malas

19
Az boluu

Fossa
Pterygopalatina

st Duvar

Processus palatinus
Lamina horizontalis(os palatinum)
Sutura palatina mediana
Sutura palatina transversa
Foramen incisivum
Foramen palatinum majus
Sutura incisiva
Sulci palatini
Crista palatina
Foramina palatina minora

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Yan Duvar Limbus alveolaris

Arcus dentalis superior
Arcus dentalis inferior

..
..
.

n Duvar

..

Tuber maxillae
Alan delikler

Foramina alveolaria
Fissura orbitalis inferior

..
..

Arka
Duvar

Alan delikler

Canalis pterygoideus
Canalis palatovaginalis
Foramen rotundum

..
..
..

Duvar

Lamina perpendicularis

..

Alan delikler

..

Tepesi

Foramen palatinum majus

Canalis palatinus major

Foramen palatinum majus

..
..

Fossa Pterygoidea Lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei

Lamina medialis processus pterygoidei
Processus pyromidalis

..
..
..

Fossa
nfratemporalis

Fossa Temporalis

Tavan

Planum infratemporale

..

D Duvar

Ramus mandibulaenin i yz
Arcus zygomaticus
Foramen mandibulae
Sulcus mylohyoideus
Linea mylohyoidea

..
..
..
..
..

Duvar

Lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei

Fissura pterygomaxillaris

..
..

n Duvar

Maxillann tuber maxillaesi

Maxillann Facies infratemporalisi
Fissura orbitalis inferior

..
..
..

n duvar

Facies temporalis ossis zygomatici

..

Duvar

Planum temporale
Facies temporalis ossis sphenoidei
Os frontalenin facies temporalisi
Squama temporalisin d yz

..
..
..
..

Alt Duvar

Fossa infratemporalis

..

Dr. Malas

20
COLUMNA VERTEBRALS KEMKLER
Pars cervicalis columnae vertebralis
Pars thoracalis columnae vertebralis
Pars lumbalis columnae vertebralis
Pars sacralis columnae vertebralis
Pars coccygicae columnae vertebralis

Vertebrae cervicales
Vertebrae thoracicae
Vertebrae lumbales
Vertebrae sacrales
Vertebrae coccygicae

Genel vertebra zellikleri

Corpus vertebrae

Arcus vertebrae

zellikleri
Yzleri

st Yz
Alt Yz
D Yz

Pediculus arcus vertebrae

Processus articularis sup
Facies art Sup
Processus articularis inf
Facies art nf
Lamina arcus vertebrae

Processus transversus
Processus spinosus
Foramen vertebrale
Canalis vertebralis

n, yan ve arkada
ncisura vertebralis sup.
ncisura vertebralis inf.
Foramen intervertebrale

...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...

Servical vertebra zellikleri

Processus transversus
Foramen transversarium
Tuberculum anterius
Tuberculum posterius
Vertebrae prominens (C7), Atlas (C1), axis(C2)
Sulcus nevri spinalis
Processus costotransversarius
Foramen costotransversarium
Tuberculum caroticum (6. cercival omurda)

...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...

Dr. Malas

21
Atlas (C1)

zellikleri

Massa lateralis

Facies articularis superior

Facies articularis inferior

Arcus anterior
Tuberculum anterius
Fovea dentis
Arcus posterior
Tuberculum posterius
Sulcus arteriae vertebralis

.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................

Atlas normal durumuna koyma: Atlasn kk kavsi ne, yan paralarndan oval ve ukur eklem yz yukar gelecek
Axisi normal durumuna koyma: Axisin kntl ksm nde yukar gelecek ekilde tutulacak
Axis (C2)
Dens

zellikleri
Apex
Collum
yzleri

Facies articularis superior

Facies articularis anterior
Facies articularis posterior

.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................

Vertebra thoracis

Fovea costalis superior

Fovea costalis inferior
Fovea costalis transversalis

.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................

Vertebra lumbales

Processus costarius
Processus accesorius
Processus mamillaris

.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................

Vertebrann vcutta duruu:Vertebrann corpusu ne, corpusun st ve alt yzlerindeki byk eklem yzleri yatay duruma getirilecek, dikensi knt aa taraf gsterecek

Dr. Malas

22
Os sacrum
Yzleri

zellikleri
n Yz
(Facies pelvina)

Lineae transversae
Foramina sacralia pelvina

.
.

Yan Yzleri

Facies auricularis
Tuberositas sacralis

.
.

Arka Yz

Foramina sacralia dorsalia

Crista sacralis mediana
Crista sacralis intermedia
Crista sacralis lateralis
Cornu sacrela
Hiatus sacralis

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

(Facies dorsalis)

Canalis sacralis
Foramina intervertebralia
Apex ossis sacri
Basis ossis sacri
Partes laterales

Processus articularis sup.

Promontorium

Sacrumu normal durumuna koyma: konkav yz ne aa bakacak, bu yzn sivri taraf aa gelecek

Os coccygis (Vertebrea coccygicae)

zellikleri

Cornu coccygeum
Processus transversus
Symphysis sacrococcygica

.
.
.

Dr. Malas

23

Torax kemikleri
Sternum
Costalar

Os sternum

zellikleri

Manubrium sterni

ncisura jugularis
ncisura clavicularis
ncisurae costales I, II

.
.
.

Corpus sterni

ncisurae costales (Planum sternale)III,IV,V, VI,VII

Processus Xiphoideus

Angulus sterni ( Angulus Ludovici, Louis as )

Synchondrosis sternalis ( symphysis sterni )

.
.

Sternumun vcuttaki normal duruu: ksa geni olan paras yukar bu parann gvde ile birleim as ne getirilir

Dr. Malas

24
Costa cinsleri

Costae verae (costae sternales)I-VII

Costae arcuariae affixae
Costae arcuariae fluctuantes XI-XII
Costae spuriae (costae
arcuariae)VIII-XII

Os costale

Extremiteleri

Arka u

.
.
.
.

Caput costae

Facies articularis capitis costae

Crista capitis costae

.
.

Collum costae
Tuberculum costae

Crista colli costae

Facies articularis tuberculi costae

.
.

n u
Corpus costae

Angulus costae
Sulcus costae

Cartillago costalis
Arcus costalis

.
.
.
.

Costa prima

Sulcus arteria subclaviae, Sulcus venae subclaviae

Tuberculum musculi scaleni anterioris

.
.

Costa secunda

Tuberositas musculi serrati anterioris

Costann vcuttaki normal duruu: ba gsteren ucu arkaya, gvdedeki oluk aa, konveks taraf da yneltilir.

Torax boluu (Cavum thoracis)

Apertura thoracis superior
Spatium intercostale
Sulcus pulmonalis
Apertura thoracis inferior
Arcus costalis
Angulus infrasternalis

(n arka ap 6cm; enine ap 10cm)

(n arka ap12 cm; enine ap 26 cm)
(700 750)

Dr. Malas