Application of digital signal processing in Radio transmitter, CDMA, GSM, Optical fiber, DTH communication Name: Ramjee prasad

Roll no: RH6802B54 Reg no: 10804900 B.Tech (ECE), LEET, 5th SEM ECE-300

phones to allow a greater number of calls to be handled simultaneously within each local "cell". DSP signal compression technology allows people not only to talk to one another but also to see one another on their computer screens, using small video cameras mounted on the computer monitors, with only a conventional telephone line linking them together. Digital signal processing techniques: In the digital signal processing various type of algorithm like discrete Fourier transform, fast Fourier transform and filtering methods like FIR and IIR, and adaptive filtering are involved. In this for analysis of LTI system we used various type of transformation technique for the analysis of frequency domain behaviour of the system and signal. In many digital signal processing system we used Fourier transform and Z- transform. Radio transmitter communication: A radio transmitter is an electronic device which, usually with the aid of an antenna, propagates an electromagnetic signal such as radio, television, or other telecommunications. In modern technology of radio transmitter digital signal processing is widely used over analog signal processing. Digital signal processing (DSP) techniques are rapidly being applied to many signal conditioning and signal processing tasks traditionally performed by analog components and subsystems in RF communication receivers and transmitters. The use analog system in signal processing functions with DSP-based processing includes reduced cost, enhanced performance, improved reliability, ease of manufacturing and maintenance, and operating flexibility and configurability. Technologies that facilitate cost-effective DSP-based implementation include a very large market base supporting highperformance programmable signal

Digital Signal Processing:

Introduction: DSP, or Digital Signal Processing, as the term suggests, is the processing of signals by digital means. A signal in this context can mean a number of different things. The term "digital" comes from "digit", meaning a number, so "digital" literally means numerical. A digital signal consists of a stream of numbers, usually (but not necessarily) in binary form. The processing of a digital signal is done by performing numerical calculations. Signals commonly need to be processed in a variety of ways: For example, the output signal from a transducer may well be affected with unwanted electrical "noise. Processing the signal using a filter circuit can remove or at least reduce the unwanted part of the signal. Increasingly nowadays, the filtering of signals to improve signal quality or to extract important information is done by DSP techniques rather than by analog electronics. Applications of DSP Digital Signal Processing technology is nowadays commonplace in such devices as mobile phones, multimedia computers, video recorders, CD players, hard disc drive controllers, DTH system, satellite communication etc. An important application of DSP is in signal compression and decompression. Signal compression is used in digital cellular

processing chips, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA),application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and highperformance analog-to-digital and digitalto-analog converters (ADC and DAC respectively).The DSP based hardware extend the range and performance of RF transmitters. CDMA communication Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) consistently provides better capacity for voice and data communications.Mobile communication which started in the 80s with an analog system provide higher quality service with the 2nd generation digital systems such as IS-95 CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication). With the increasing number of cell phone mobile communication focused on data transmission service is expected to be used more universally. In mobile communications very complicated digital signal processing techniques are being implemented to improve the transmission rate and the quality of service while increasing the number of subscribers. In these techniques various design methodologies, algorithms are involved. The different type of signal processing involved are antenna signal processing, transceiver signal processing, and speech processing In the transceiver, signal processing method to remove multiple access interference in CDMA is incorporated, in antenna signal processing, smart antenna based on array of antenna is expected to be utilized, and in speech processing, more efficient and high performance vocoders and speech recognition systems are expected to be provide. In gsm the signal processing are involved

DTH Communication: DTH is another form of satellite television. This is the Direct to Home service where we can see the television with super quality of picture and sound. In this also various type of signal processing involved. A Satellite contribution link or service is a means to transport video programming by a satellite link from a remote source (such as an outside broadcast unit) to a broadcaster's studio or from the studio to a satellite TV uplink centre Such contribution links are often made by terrestrial connections (landline, fibre, etc) but the use of a satellite "hop" provides advantages in some situations. Satellite operators and third party agencies provide satellite contribution links for the occasional or regular use of the client broadcasters. In remote locations, using terrestrial links such as fibre is prohibitively expensive whereas satellite can cheaply and easily overcome the "firstmile" connectivity gaps in rural and other remote areas. Whereas a contribution link from a studio to a DTH uplink centre is usually provided within a single satellite footprint, the Astra 4A/Sirius 4 satellite provides for an innovative intercontinental contribution link service using a single Kaband transponder with a European footprint and a Ku-band transponder serving southern Africa. Contribution feeds can be transferred from one region to the other and in one frequency band to the other, in a single satellite hop. Optical Fibre communication: An optical fibre (or fibre) is a glass or plastic fiber that carries light along its length. Fiber optics is the overlap of applied science and engineering concerned with the design and application of optical fibers. Optical fibers are widely used in fiber-optic communications, which permits transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data rates) than other forms of communications. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals

travel along them with less loss, and they are also immune to electromagnetic interference. Fibers are also used for illumination, and are wrapped in bundles so they can be used to carry images, thus allowing viewing in tight spaces. Specially designed fibers are used for a variety of other applications, including sensors and fiber lasers. Fibre-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information.