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The First Philippine Legislature was the first representative legislature of the Philippines, then known as the Philippine

Islands under the sovereign control of the United States.


The Philippine Legislature was the legislative body of the Philippines during the earlier part U.S. colonial administration. It was a bicameral legislature, with the Philippine Commission, headed by the U.S. Governor General serving as the upper house, and the Philippine Assembly serving as the lower house. The enactment of the Jones Law in 1916 abolished the Philippine Commission and reorganized the Philippine Legislature as a bicameral legislature composed of a Senate and House of Representatives.

Sessions

First Regular Session: October 16, 1907 April 4, 1908 o First Special Session: May 22 June 19, 1908 Second Regular Session: February 1 May 20, 1909

Legislation
The First Philippine Legislature passed a total of 170 laws (Act Nos. 1801-1970)

Major legislation

Act No. 1801 Gabaldon Act

Leadership
Philippine Commission
The Philippine Commission was a body appointed by the President of the United States to exercise legislative and limited executive powers in the Philippines. It was first appointed by President William McKinley in 1901. Beginning in 1907, it acted as the upper house of a bicameral legislature, with the elected Philippine Assembly acting as lower house. The Philippine Organic Act of July 1902 stipulated that a Philippine Legislature would be established composed of a lower house, the Philippine Assembly, which would be popularly elected, and an upper house consisting of the Philippine Commission. The two houses would share legislative powers, although the upper house alone would pass laws relating to the Moros and other non-Christian peoples. The act also provided for extending the United States Bill of Rights to Filipinos and sending two Filipino resident commissioners to Washington to attend sessions of the United States Congress. In July 1907, the first elections for the assembly were held, and the legislature opened its first session on October 16, 1907.[1] [2]

The Jones Act of 1916 created an elected Philippine Senate to replace the Philippine Commission.

Governor-General: James Francis Smith William Cameron Forbes, appointed on November 11, 1909

Members
Philippine Commission
Filipino Members Gregorio Araneta Benito Legarda 1 Jose Luzuriaga Rafael Palma Trinidad Pardo H. de Tavera 2 Juan Sumulong ^1 Resigned on December 21, 1907. ^2 Resigned on March 1, 1909. American Members William Cameron Forbes Bernard Moses 1 James Francis Smith 2 W. Morgan Shuster Dean C. Worcester ^1 Resigned on June 30, 1908. ^2 Resigned on November 11, 1909.

The Philippine Legislature - Presentation Transcript


1. T HE L EGISLATIVE D EPARTMENT 2. Overview o Congress : the Legislative Branch of government in the Philippines o Purpose , functions and structure of Congress o Constitutional mandates with respect to Congress 3. The Legislative Branch o From the Latin lex, legis meaning law o The legislative branch broadly deals with the making , deliberation over , enactment , amendment and repealing of laws 4. Basic Structures o There are two basic structures for legislative branches of government: o Unicameral The legislative branch consists of one chamber/house o Bicameral Legislative power is vested in two chambers/houses 5. The Philippine Congress o The Philippine Congress is the countrys legislative department (Art. VI, Sec. 1) Congress is bicameral

Upper House: Senate Lower House: House of Representatives N.B.: Senators are Congressmen

6. Senate Composition Qualifications Term of Office 24 Senators elected at large Natural-born citizen At least 35 years old on election day Literate (can read and write) Registered voter Philippine resident for 2 years prior to election day 6 years Maximum: 2 terms 7. House of Representatives o 200 district reps, 50 party list o Natural-born citizen o At least 25 years old on election day o Literate (can read and write) o Registered voter of the district o District resident for 1 year prior to election day o 3 years o Maximum: 3 terms o Composition o Qualifications o Term of Office 8. In Case of Vacancy o Vacancy can be filled through regular election o Special elections can be called for the purpose of filling the vacancy o In either circumstance, the one elected merely sits for the unexpired term 9. Parliamentary Privileges o Congressmen have two parliamentary privileges while Congress is in session : o Privilege from arrest Immunity from offenses punishable by not more than six years imprisonment o Privilege of speech and debate Immunity from libel and slander 10. Transparency o Elected Congressmen must: o Fully disclose their financial and business interests o Disclose potential conflicts of interests that arise in the course of legislation o Keep from any other office or employment (appointed or otherwise), forfeit his/her seat to do so 11. Structure and Dynamics o Senate President and House Speaker elected by majority vote
o o o o o o o o o o o

Other officers , procedures and the discipline of its members is at the discretion of each house o Quorum: Majority o Each House maintains a journal and record of proceedings o Neither House can adjourn without the others consent while in session 12. Powers of Congress o Appointment of Public Officials o Legislative inquiry and investigation o Declare the existence of a state of war o Ratify the countrys international treaties ( Senate ) o Authorize limited emergency powers for the President 13. Powers of Congress o Approve the government budget o Undertake projects under the CDF o Propose, review, and adopt bills for enactment into law o Overturn a Presidential veto with respect to proposed legislation o Allow for referenda o Propose amendments to the constitution and call for a constitutional convention 14. Legislative Limitations o Congress may not: o Increase appropriations recommended by the executive branch o Pass tax exemptions without the concurrence of a majority of its members o Grant titles of nobility o Pass ex post facto bills o Pass bills of attainder 15. How a Bill Becomes Law ~House of Representatives~ 1st Reading 2nd Reading 3rd Reading Debate Referral to Committee 16. How a Bill Becomes Law Debate Referral to Committee ~House of Representatives~ 1st Reading 2nd Reading 3rd Reading ~Senate~ 1st Reading 2nd Reading 3rd Reading 17. How a Bill Becomes Law ~House of Representatives~ 1st Reading 2nd Reading 3rd Reading ~Senate~ 1st Reading 2nd Reading 3rd Reading BICAMERAL COMMITTEE 18. How a Bill Becomes Law ~House of Representatives~ 1st Reading 2nd Reading 3rd Reading ~Senate~ 1st Reading 2nd Reading 3rd Reading President 19. How a Bill Becomes Law ~House of Representatives~ 1st Reading 2nd Reading 3rd Reading 1st Reading 2nd Reading 3rd Reading President APPROVE VETO 30 DAY PERIOD 20. -end21. Philippine Legislature (1916-1935) 22. The Philippine Legislature, in whom legislative powers were vested, was a bicameral legislative body composed of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The Jones Law gave the Philippine Legislature general legislative powers, with limitations that all laws affecting immigration, currency, coinage or tariff and those pertaining to lands of public domain, timber, mining are subject

to the approval of the President of the United States of America. It also gave the Filipinos greater participation in government through the power of confirmation over the appointments of officers in the Executive and Judicial branches of the government. 23. During its 19-year existence the country went through seven elections from 1916 to 1934to elect members of both chambers of the Legislature. In the first election, on the first Tuesday of October 1916, two senators were elected from each of the 12 senatorial districtsone for a term of six years; the other for three years. In the subsequent general elections, there was to be elected from each district one senator for six years. There were two appointive members for the Senate who were designated by the American governorgeneral to represent the non-Christian areas of the Archipelago. The elective Representatives served for three years, while the Senators, except half of the 22 who won in the first senatorial race in 1916, had a six-year tenure. 24. The 24-man Philippine Senate was represented by two Senators from each of the 12 senatorial districts into which the country was divided. Eleven of the districts were represented by Senators elected by qualified voters in their respective bailiwicks. The twelfth senatorial district, which was then generally inhabited by non-Christian Filipinos, was represented by two appointive Senators who had no fixed terms. The two appointive Senators were Joaquin A. Clarin and Jadji Butu representing the provinces in Mindanao, Mountain province and Baguio from 1916 to 1918, with the latter only being reappointed in 1926. 25. Altogether, there were 67 Senators who served in the Philippine Senate at one time or another from 1916 to 1935. Over half of these senior solons were reelected at least once. A number of them were elected several times, as in the case of Manuel L. Quezon who repeatedly served as Senator from 1916 to 1935, when he assumed the Presidency of the Philippine Commonwealth. Senate President Pro Tempore Sergio Osmea who was first elected Senator in 1922 was also a multi-term Senator who later emerged as VicePresident. 26. Leadership at the top of the Senate hierarchy was quite firm during its existence through the strong stewardship of Senate President Quezon. Reelected three times in a row, he lorded it over the Senate since its founding and relinquished it only when he became President of the Commonwealth. 27. During its existence, the Philippine Legislature enacted altogether 1,619 laws, covering all subjects of legislation, except foreign affairs. 28. The Philippine Legislature closed its career in the service of our people to pave the way for the final preparations for the framing and adoption of the Philippine Constitution and the establishment of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, which were conditions precedent for the attainment of our political independence. 29. On May 1, 1934, it accepted the Tydings-McDuffie Law, which authorized the framing of the Philippine Constitution.

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