NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEMS OF THE LOWER MEMBER AUTHOR: Abel Renovell Blasco.

Physiotherapist Ephysiotherapy Webmaster INTERNAL PLANTAR NERVE GLOBAL FUNCTION: - Statics: Maintain the external arch. - Dynamics: Movement of the 1rst finger and impulsor effect. ORIGIN MUSCLE SHORT FLEXOR OF THE 1rst wedge 1RST FINGER SEPARATOR FINGER OF THE 1 Internal condyle calcaneous of 1 phalanx finger. of the 1 Flexor of the 1 finger. INSERTION FUNCTION

the 1 phalanx of the 1 finger Separates the 1 finger To bend the 1st phalanx and to extend the 2nd and the 3rd of the 1rst finger.

LUMBRICAL 1

Tendon of the 2 finger of Dorsum of the proximal the large flexor. Proximal phalanx of the 2 finger and tendon of this finger of the large flexor. FLEXOR Calcaneous

SHORT DIGITORUM.

Medial phalanxes of the To bend the medial last tour fingers. phalanxes of the last tour fingers.

EXTERNAL PLANTAR NERVE GLOBAL FUNCTION: - Statics: They maintain the osseous arches of the 3 support points - Dynamics: They maintain the force from the external part of the foot to the internal part. ORIGIN INSERTION FUNCTION To bend the primer phalanx and to extend the other two. To separate the toes.

MUSCLE

DORSAL INTEROSSEOUS: In the two metatarsals of External side of the There are 4 of them. the corresponding proximal phalanxes of the interosseous space. The 2nd toe, 3rd and 4th toe. 2nd toe has 1 internal and 2 external. The 3rd and the 4th external.

PLANTAR INTEROSSEOUS: In the internal surface of Internal side of the To bend the first phalanx there are 3: in the 3rd, the corresponding proximal phalanxes of the and to extend the other 4th and 5th toe. metatarsal. corresponding toe two. To approximate the toes. SHORT FLEXOR OF THE Large and basic plantar External side of the Separador anf flexor of 5TH TOE ligament of the 5th proximal phalanx of the the 5thtoe. metatarsal. 5th toe. OPONENT FINGER OF THE 5TH Large and basic ligament of External rim of the 5th Oponent of the 5 toe the 5th metatarsal. metatarsal.

SEPARATOR OF THE 5TH External tuberosity of the Proximal phalanx of the Separador and flexor of TOE calcaneous. 5th toe. the 5th toe. APROXIMATOR OF THE Head of the 2,3,4 and Proximal phalanx of the l Aproximates the 1 toe. DEL 1 TOE. (Transvers 5 metatarsal 1 toe. fascicle) APROXIMATOR OF THE 1 Cuboides TOE. (Oblique fasciculus) CUADRATUS PLANTAE Tuberosity calcaneous of Proximal phalanx of the 1 Aproximates the 1 toe. toe. the Tendon of the large flexor Corrects the direction of of the toes. the tendon of the largee flexor of the toes and helps it to bend

2, 3 and 4 LUMBRICAL

Tendons of the 3, 4 and Back of the phalanxes and To bend the 1rst phalanx 5 toe of the profound the proximal tendons of and to extend the 2nd common flexor. the common extensor and the 3rd

muscle of the 3, 4 and 5 toe. Sciatic of the internal popliteal GLOBAL FUNCTION: - Statics: To maintain the osseous arches. - Dynamics: Transmission of charges ORIGIN MUSCLE LARGE FLEXOR OF THE Posterior surface and rim of Distal Phalanx of the 1rst Flexor of the 1rst finger, 1RST FINGER the fibula finger plantar flexor and supinator. Strenghtens the articulation of the ankle. TIBIALIS POSTERIOR Interosseous membrabe, Scaphoid bone and 1rst Plantar flexor and tibial and fibula wedge supinator. Sustains the plantar arch. surface of the Distal phalanxes 2nd and 5th toe of the To bend the toes and the sole. Sustains the plantar arch. INSERTION FUNCTION

LARGE COMMON FLEXOR Posterior OF THE TOES tibial POPLITEAL

Posterior external surfaxe Posterior surface of the Directs the external of the external condyle of tibial above the oblique condyle backwards the femur line and

SOLEUS (TRCEPS SURAL) Posterior surface, external Through the Achilles Plantar flexion border and head of the tendon and the posterior supination. fibula. tuberosity of the calcaneous. GEMELO INTERNO Surface postero-externa del Achilles tendon (TRCEPS SURAL) cndilo interno del fmur SURAL TRICEPS Posterior-external surfaxe Achilles tendon of the external condyle of the femur Interior external femur surface condyle of of To bend the knee To bend the knee

PLANTARIS

the Achilles tendon or directly To bend the knee. the in the calcaneous. Contributes to the emptying of the popliteal vein by positioning itself on top of it.

EXTERNAL SCIATIC POPLITEAL NERVE GLOBAL FUNCTION: - Dynamics: Dorsiflexion of the ankle when supporting the foot. Direct the point of the foot outwards. The global function of the anterior tibial nerve is to extend the toes and to twist the ankle ORIGIN INSERTION FUNCTION

MUSCLE MUSCULAR CUTANEOUS NERVE OR FIBULAR NERVE SHORT LATERAL FIBULAR LARGE LATERAL FIBULAR ANTERIOR NERVE ANTERIOR TIBIAL TIBIAL

External fibula

surface

of

the Styloid process metatarsal

of

the Extensin del pie Extensin del pie

y y

pronacion pronacion

Anterior external surface of Base of the 1 metarsal the fibula

External surface of the First metatarsal and 1rst Flexin dorsal del pie. tibial and the interosseous wedge membrane membrana Distal phalanx of the 1rst Extensin del dedo 1 y toe flexin dorsal del pie.

LARGE EXTENSOR OF THE Interosseous 1RST TOE and tibial

EXTENSOR LONGUS

DIGITORUM Internal fibula

surface

of

the Distal phalanx of the 2nd Flexin dorsal del pie y and 5th finger extiende del 2 al 5 dedo del pie y

ANTERIOR FIBULAR

Lower third of the fibula External surface of the 5 Extensin and interosseous metarsal pronacin membrane

SHORT EXTENSOR

COMMON Dorsal and external surface Tendons of the common Extensin from the 1rst of the calcaneous extensor of the 1rst until until the 4rth toe the 4rth toe INTERNAL SCIATIC POPLITEAL NERVE OF THE THIGH OR GREAT SCIATIC GLOBAL FUNCTION: Righting of the pelvis and flexion of the knee. Drivers when walking. ORIGIN INSERTION Tubrculo del APPROXIMATOR. FUNCTION gran Aproxima el muslo y extiende la articulacin coxo femoral. Transmite las fuerzas Flexor y APPROXIMATOR de la cadera y flexor of the knee y rotacin externa de la pierna

MUSCLE STRAIGHT PIECE OF THE Sciatic tuberosity MAJOR APPROXIMATOR

SEMIMEMBRANOSUS

Sciatic tuberosity

2 tendones a la tuberosidad interna de la tibia y otro a la capsula articular of the knee

SEMITENDINOSUS

Sciatic tuberosity

Tuberosidad superior de la Flexor y APPROXIMATOR tibia de la cadera y flexor of the knee y rotacin externa de la pierna Head of the fibula To bend the knee and external rotation of the leg To bend the knee and external rotation of the leg

FEMORAL BICEPS SHORT Linea aspera of the femur PORTION FEMORAL BICEPS LARGE Sciatic tuberosity PORTION

Head of the fibula

LUMBO SACRAL PLEXUS NERVE GLOBAL FUNCTION: - Deep muscles: Active ligaments of the hip joint. - Superficial muscles: each muscle has a specific action. ORIGIN INSERTION FUNCTION

MUSCLE DEEP MUSCLES VASTUS INTERMEDIUS

Sciatic tuberosity

Posterior intertrochanterial Approximation and line internal rotation of the hip. Compacts the fmur against the cotyloid of of the Digital recess the Tendon of obturator Tendon of obturator of the Vrtice mayor the the Adductor and external rotator of the hip internal Adductor and external rotator of the hip internal Adductor and external rotator of the hip trocanter Adductor y rotador externo e interno de la cadera the major Adductor, flexor y internal rotator of the hip

INTERNAL OBTURATOR SUPERIOR GEMELLUS INFERIOR GEMELLUS PYRAMIDAL

Internal surface obturador hole External surface sciatic spinal Sciatic tuberosity Anterior sacral surface

del

SUPERFICIALES MINOR GLUTEAL External iliac fossa until the Vertex of anterior gluteal line trochanter

MEDIAN GLUTEAL

External iliac fossa between External surface the anterior and posterior major trochanter gluteal line

of

the Adductor, flexor y internal rotator of the hip Flexion, extensin and rotation of the knee. Flexion, adduction and rotation of the hip.

TENSOR OF FASCIA LATA

Anterior-superior spinal iliac Through the lower part of the tensor of the fascia lata until the external tuberosity of the tibial Posterior base of the sacral, Fascia coccyx, posterior-superior aspera and posterior-inferior iliac spinals lata and

MAJOR GLUTEAL

linea Righting of the rachis. Adduction, extensin and external rotation of the thigh

OBTURATOR NERVE GLOBAL FUNCTION: Intermedian action between the 1rst amd 2nd phase of walking. External rotation and approximation of the hip. ORIGIN INSERTION FUNCTION Adductor and flexor of the femur

MUSCLE

BENT PART OF THE MAJOR Sciatic tuberosity y rama Linea aspera of the femur APPROXIMATOR isquiopubiana MINOR APPROXIMATOR MEDIAN APPROXIMATOR Pubis Pubic spinal

Linea aspera of the femur Adductor and flexor of (superior third) the femur Linea aspera of the femur Adductor and flexor of (middle third) the femur the Internal tibial plateau Abductor and flexor of the thigh y flexor del muslo

INTERNAL RECTUS OF THE Pubic spinal nearby THIGH pubic symphysis EXTERNAL OBTURATOR PECTINEUS External surface obturator hole of

the Digital recess of the femur Adductor and external rotator of the femur

Pectineus crest of the pubis Linea pectinea of the linea Abductor and external aspera rotator of the femur CRURAL NERVE GLOBAL FUNCTION: Final phase of the intermedian movements between the 1rst and 2nd phase of walking ORIGIN INSERTION FUNCTION Flexor and external rotator of the hip

MUSCLE ILIAC PSOAS MAJOR) (PSOAS Intervertebral bodies and Trochanter minor intervertebral disks of ribs D11 and L4. Costal process of lumbar vertebrae Internal iliac fossa surface lip of of the Trochanter minor the Tendon of the patella linea Tendon of the patella

ILIAC PSOAS (ILIAC) CRURAL FEMORIS)

Flexor and external rotator of the hip Extensor of the knee Extensor of the knee Extensor of the knee Extensor of the knee and flexor of the hip the Traction capsule of the knee

(CUADRICEPS Anterior femur

VASTUS INTERNUS Internal (CUADRICEPS FEMORIS) aspera

VASTUS EXTERNUS External lip of the linea Tendon of the patella (CUADRICEPS FEMORIS) aspera RECTUS ANTERIOR Anterior-inferior iliac spinal (CUADRICEPS FEMORIS) SUBCRURAL SARTORIUS Anterior femur Iliac spinal surface of Tendon of the patella capsule of

the Articular knee

anterior-superior Superior-internal of the tibial

surface Adduction, flexion and external rotation of the hip. Flexion and internal rotation of the knee

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