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Managing Football: An International Perspective

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Managing Football: An International Perspective


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Sean Hamil and Simon Chadwick

AMSTERDAM $ BOSTON $ HEIDELBERG $ LONDON $ NEW YORK $ OXFORD PARIS $ SAN DIEGO $ SAN FRANCISCO $ SINGAPORE $SYDNEY $ TOKYO Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier

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Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA First edition 2010 Copyright 2010, Mr. Sean Hamil and Professor Simon Chadwick. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved The right of Author names to be identied as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elseviers Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: permissions@elsevier.com. Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material Notice http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verication of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN: 978-1-85617-544-9 For information on all Butterworth-Heinemann publications visit our website at books.elsevier.com

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Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.......................................................................... ix BIOGRAPHIES ..................................................................................... xi FOREWORD ......................................................................................xxiii

Part 1 Managing Football


CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 Introduction and market overview...................................... 3 Sean Hamil and Simon Chadwick
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Ownership and governance ............................................ 17 Geoff Walters and Sean Hamil New media challenges in the twenty-rst century ............. 37 James Santomier and Artur Costabiei

CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 5 CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 8 CHAPTER 9

Public relations and the media ....................................... 55 Maria Hopwood Law and regulation ........................................................ 73 Steve Greeneld and Guy Osborn International and global development .............................. 85 Sten Soderman, Harald Dolles and Thorsten Dum Sports marketing and sponsorship................................. 103 James Skinner Finance in the football industry .................................... 119 John Beech Supply chain management and retailing ........................ 151 Leigh Sparks

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Contents

CHAPTER 10 CHAPTER 11 CHAPTER 12 CHAPTER 13

Organising and human resource management .............. 169 Linda Trenberth Leagues and competitions ......................................... 185 Saurabh Patel and Stefan Szymanski Agents and intermediaries .......................................... 201 Raffaele Poli Stadia and facilities ................................................. 217 Paul Turner, Pamm Kellett, Heath McDonald, and Constantino Stavros

Part 2 Managing Football in the Big Five


CHAPTER 14 CHAPTER 15 CHAPTER 16 CHAPTER 17 CHAPTER 18 England .................................................................... 239 John Beech Spain ....................................................................... 265 Carlos Mart, Ignacio Urrutia, and Angel Barajas Italy ......................................................................... 281 Sergio Cherubini and Andrea Santini France ...................................................................... 303 Michel Desbordes and Alexis Hamelin Germany ................................................................... 321 Andre Buhler
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Part 3 Managing Football in Emerging Markets


CHAPTER 19 CHAPTER 20 CHAPTER 21 CHAPTER 22 Australia ................................................................... 339 Dave Arthur and Greg Downes North America........................................................... 357 Frank Pons and Andre Richelieu China ....................................................................... 373 Li Jingbo, Ruqi Zhou, and Adrian Pritchard South Africa ............................................................. 387 Urmilla Bob, Scarlett Cornelissen, and Kamilla Swart

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Contents

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Part 4 Managing Football in Established Markets


CHAPTER 23 The Netherlands and Belgium..................................... 409 Trudo DeJonghe, Sjef van Hoof, Wim Lagae, and Jos Verschueren CHAPTER 24 CHAPTER 25 Mexico ..................................................................... 437 Liz Crolley and Rogelio Roa South Korea .............................................................. 457 Chong Kim GLOSSARY ...................................................................................... 473
INDEX .......................................................................................................... 483

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Acknowledgements
Sean and Simon wish to thank all the contributors to the book for their hard work and diligence in completing their chapters. In addition, they reserve special thanks for Francesca Ford who commissioned the book and has since left Elsevier, and for Eleanor Blow and Holly Bathie at Elsevier who subsequently took up Frans mantle and helped us bring the book to nal publication. They would also like to thank Hannah Libya Russel, production project manager for the book at Elsevier, for her excellent work throughout.
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Biographies
Dave Arthur
Dave is a senior lecturer in the Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management at Southern Cross University, where he coordinates the Masters of International Sport Management degree. He has contributed chapters to many books, a range of articles in leading sport journals, and is a member of the editorial board of Sport Management Review. In addition to academia, he has consulted to leading sporting organisations, including the National Rugby http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 League, South Sydney Rugby League Club, and the Australian Sports Commission. His abiding sporting passion, however, is rugby union. As a practicing journalist he was accredited for the 2003 Rugby World Cup, and in 2006, he was privileged to be the Pacic Islanders media manager for their three Test series versus Wales, Scotland, and Ireland.

Angel Barajas
Angel is an associate professor of nance at the Faculty of Business Administration and Tourism, University of Vigo, and researcher of the Spanish Economic Observatory for Sport. His main research topic is football mico del fu tbol and Las nanzas nances. He is the author of El valor econo n. s detra del balo

John Beech
John is head of Sport and Tourism Applied Research and codirector of CIBS (Centre for the International Business of Sport) at Coventry University Business School, United Kingdom. His current research interests are in insolvency in English football clubs and postcommercialisation in sports businesses. John is coeditor of The Marketing of Sport, The Business of Sport Management, and The Business of Tourism Management (all published by FT Prentice Hall).

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Biographies

Urmilla Bob
Urmilla is an associate professor in the discipline of geography, School of Environmental Sciences at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. She has published in several journals and contributed chapters to many books on sports eventsdrecently focusing on the 2010 FIFA Soccer World Cup. She also supervises postgraduate students who are undertaking research on 2010 and sports events in general. Some of the issues being researched include residents perceptions, socioeconomic impacts, the greening of sport events, and legacy impacts.

Andre Buhler
After studying management, marketing and business psychology at Nurtingen University (Germany), Andre obtained a PhD in the eld of sports http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 marketing at the University of Plymouth in 2006. He then returned to Germany and became a research & scholarship consultant and lecturer in management & marketing at the Heidelberg International Business Academy. Andre currently works for the world-wide leading sports research consultancy IFM where he holds the position of Head of Market Research. He has published a number of papers and co-authored various books on sports management and sports marketing.

Simon Chadwick (Coeditor)


Simon is a professor of sport business strategy and marketing and a director of CIBS (Centre for the International Business of Sport) at Coventry University Business School, United Kingdom. He has researched and published extensively in the area of sport marketing and commercial strategy in sport, and is coeditor of The Marketing of Sport, The Business of Sport Management, and The Business of Tourism Management (all published by FT Prentice Hall), and International Cases in the Business of Sport (published by Butterworth Heinemann).

Sergio Cherubini
Sergio is full professor of marketing and director of the Sport Management Unit at Roma Tor Vergata University, Italy. He is author of many books and

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Biographies

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articles in the areas of marketing, strategy, and organization, with particular interest in sport management, including Marketing Sportivo, published by Franco Angeli Editore, Milano.

Scarlett Cornelissen
Scarlett is an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at Stellenbosch University, South Africa. She is the author of a book on South Africas place in the global tourism system (2005, Ashgate) and the coeditor of three other books, one on African international relations (2006, University of Cape Town Press) and two on comparative perspectives on globalisation (2007, Palgrave). She serves on the editorial board of Leisure Studies and is Africa editor of this journal.
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Artur Costabiei

Artur is currently a communications manager for LM2, a marketing agency representing Winter sport athletes and organisations in Alto Adige, Italy. Prior to joining LM2, he was an account manager with Global Sportnet. He has a masters of arts in sports management from the University of Florence, Italy.

Liz Crolley
Liz lectures in the business and management of football at the University of Liverpool Football Industry Group. She has published widely on social, economic, cultural, and political aspects of football, but her roots as a linguist attract her particularly to Spain, Italy, and South America. Recent books tbol, Futebol, include Football, Europe and the Press (coauthor, 2006), Fu Soccer: Football in the Americas (coeditor, 2007), and Football and European Identity (coauthor, 2002).

Michel Desbordes
Michel is a professor at the University of Paris Sud 11, France. He is also a professor at the ISC School of Management (Paris, France). He has published 16 books (United Kingdom, Spain, France, Russia) and 22 academic articles in this eld. His last book in English is Marketing and Football: An International Perspective, which was published by Elsevier in October 2006.

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Biographies

Trudo Dejonghe
Trudo is professor of economics, international economics, and sports economics at the Lessius University College, Antwerp, and a guest professor of sports economics at the Vrije Universiteit Brussels in Belgium and Copenhagen Business School in Denmark. He has researched and published extensively in the areas of restucturing football leagues and the necessity for new football stadia. He has published Dutch books on sports economics with Arko Sportsmedia Nieuwegein. With Butterworth-Heinemann (2009) he has published a book on sports economics with Paul Downward and Alistair Dawson. Because of his economic and geographical research background he also published a book entitled Sport in de Wereld (sport in the global space) with Academia Press Gent.

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Harald Dolles

Harald is professor of management and international business at Heilbronn Business School, Germany, and a visiting professor at the Instituto de Empresa Business School, Spain. He researches international cooperative ventures, entrepreneurship, and sports business, all elds in which he has published widely.

Greg Downes
Greg works at Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia, where he is a sessional unit assessor in sport management in the School of Health and Human Services. Greg has consulted widely in the area of sport management and local government recreational planning, and has had twenty years experience in the eld of local government and community planning. He has a bachelors degree in economics and a masters degree in international sport management.

Thorsten Dum
Thorsten is a research associate and Ph.D. student at the Department of Management and International Business at Heilbronn Business School. After graduating in sport science from the German Sport University of Cologne, with a specialisation in sport management and sport economics, he has been

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Biographies

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working as a project manager in the sports business, mainly specialising in planning and implementing sports-related events. His research interest currently focuses on sport sponsorship.

Steve Greeneld
Steve is a senior academic in law at the University of Westminster in London. He has written on many areas of law and lm, as well as other areas of popular culture, including music, sport, and leisure. Steve is one of the founding editors of the Entertainment and Sports Law Journal. Along with Guy Osborn and Peter Robson, his book Film and the Law will be published by Hart Publishing in 2010. Steve is also coeditor of the Routledge book series Studies in Law, Society and Popular Culture.
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Alexis Hamelin
Alexis is a commercial executive with the Racing Club de Strasbourg football team in France and with the SPORTFIVE consulting rm.

Sean Hamil (Coeditor)


Sean is a lecturer in the Management Department, Birkbeck College, University of London. A graduate of Trinity College Dublin and the London School of Economics, he has published in the areas of corporate social responsibility and the governance and regulation of sport. He has coedited three books on regulation and governance and regulations in the football industry: The Changing Face of the Football Business: Supporters Direct, London: Frank Cass (2001); Football in the Digital Age: Whose Game Is It Anyway? Edinburgh: Mainstream (2000); and A Game of Two Halves? The Business of Football, Edinburgh: Mainstream (1999). He is a cofounder and director of Birkbeck College, University of Londons Sport Business Centre. He is an elected director of Supporters Direct, and was responsible for establishing Supporter Directs activities in Scotland. Supporters Direct is funded by the U.K. government with the aim of promoting and supporting the concept of democratic supporter ownership and representation at football clubs through mutual, not-for-prot structures.

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Biographies

Sjef van Hoof


Sjef is an economic geographer with in an interest in sports research at the NHTV Breda University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands. He has been editor of the sports section in the Bosatlas of the Netherlands.

Maria Hopwood
Maria is a senior lecturer in public relations at Leeds Metropolitan University in the UK. Her research interests are in sports public relations and marketing communications, in which areas she has published a number of book chapters and journal articles. Having a particular interest in the evolution of cricket, her current research is into the public relations impact of Twenty20 cricket.
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Pamm Kellett
Pamm is a senior lecturer in sport management in the School of Management & Marketing at Deakin University in Australia. She has published extensively in the area of sport management and is an Editorial Review Board member of Sport Management Review.

Chong Kim
Chong is professor of sport industry and management, and director of the SIMC (Sport Industry and Marketing Centre), at Hanyang University, Korea. He has researched extensively in the area of sport industry and marketing. He has also worked as chairman of the Sport Industry Promotion Forum in Korea.

Wim Lagae
Wim is professor of marketing communications at the Lessius University College, Antwerp, in Belgium. He is also a guest lecturer in sports marketing and communications at the faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences at the Catholic University of Leuven. He is author of Sports Sponsorship and Marketing Communications: A European Perspective (Financial Times/Prentice Hall) and has published in the area of sports sponsorship communications.

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Biographies

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Jingbo Li
Jingbo is associate professor of physical education at Sun Yet-Sen University, Peoples Republic of China. He has researched extensively in the areas of physical education and sports training in China. He is the coeditor of Football and Sports and Health (both published by Sun Yet-Sen University Press), and Basic Theory in Physical Education (published by Guangdong Higher Education Press).

Carlos Mart
Carlos is a lecturer at the Centre for Sport Business Management (CSBM) at IESE Business School, University of Navarra, Spain. He received his Ph.D. from Complutense University, an MSc. from Clark University, and a BAJ. http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 from University of Navarra. He has been a consultant with the Madrid Consulting Group. He is also a partner and consultant in the Digital Operators Group and Key International Sport companies.

Heath McDonald
Heath is an associate professor of marketing at Deakin University in Australia. His research interests include sports, arts, and nonprot marketing, with a specic emphasis on consumer behaviour in subscription markets such as season-ticket holders.

Guy Osborn
Guy is professor of law at the University of Westminster in London and visiting professor at Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. Guy is one of the founding editors of the Entertainment and Sports Law Journal and has written widely in the area of law and popular culture. Along with Steve Greeneld and Peter Robson, his book Film and the Law will be published by Hart Publishing in 2010. Guy is a coeditor of the book series Studies in Law, Society and Popular Culture and chair of the Law and Popular Culture Working Group for the Research Committee for the Sociology of Law.

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Biographies

Saurabh Patel
Saurabh is a doctoral student at the Cass Business School, City University, London, England.

Raffaele Poli
A geographer and sociologist by training, Raffaele has worked as a scientic collaborator at the International Centre for Sports Studies at the Universite de Neuchatel since November 2002. Since September 2008, he has been a junior professor assistant at the Institute of Sport Science and Physical Education of the University of Lausanne. He is the cofounder of the Professional Football Players Observatory and researches issues related to migration, labour markets, globalization, social networks, identity, and geopolitics. He is coeditor of the Annual Review of the European Football http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 Players Labour Market.

Frank Pons
Frank is an associate professor at Universite Laval (Canada). He has published in the Journal of Business Research, Psychology and Marketing, the Journal of Services Research, and the Sport Marketing Quarterly. He is on the editorial board of the International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship and was guest editor of several special issues in sport marketing journals.

Adrian Pritchard
Adrian is a lecturer at Coventry University. Since September 2006, he has been based at Guandong University of Foreign Studies, China. His research interests lie in sport and tourism.

Andre Richelieu
Andre is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Business Administration, Universite Laval, Canada and a specialist in brand management and sports marketing. His research interests relate to: how professional sports teams can internationalise their brand; how sports teams can improve fans experience at the sport venue and outside the stadium and increase fans attachment to the team; and how sports teams and equipment makers can capitalise on the Hip Hop/Urban movement.

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Rogelio Roa
Rogelio is the commercial director at DreaMatch Solutions, a sports marketing tbol, in which he rm in Mexico. He is the coauthor of the book La isla del fu offers a personal view of the English Premier League, developed while he was obtaining his MBA on football industries at the University of Liverpool. He lectures in Sports Marketing at Anahuac University and is a journalist for www.mediotiempo.com, the most popular football site in Mexico.

Andrea Santini
Andrea is coordinator of the masters in sports economics and management at the University of Rome Tor Vergata, lecturer in sports management and business communication at the same university, and guest speaker on various courses in marketing and business management. His main http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 research interests are marketing in the entertainment industry, sports facilities planning, and operation and events organisation. He has published various articles and books on these topics.

James Santomier
James is currently a professor at the John F. Welch College of Business and director of the sport management programme at Sacred Heart University, Faireld, Connecticut, United States. He is also a visiting professor at the University of Bayreuth, Germany, and the University of Florence, Italy. He received his bachelors and masters in physical education from Montclair State University, and a doctorate degree in physical education from the University of Utah. Areas of study include sport management and the psychosocial aspects of physical activity and sport. James has published extensively in the areas of sport management, sociology of sport, and psychosocial aspects of sport. He has presented at international and national conferences and has appeared on numerous radio and television programs.

James Skinner
James is a faculty member at Grifth University, Gold Coast Campus. His research focuses on culture as it relates to organisational change and sporting studies, sport as a vehicle for social change, sport policy and governance, and sport globalisation studies. He has published extensively in these areas and

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in the use of qualitative research methods and theoretical frameworks for sport management research.

Sten Soderman
Sten is professor of international business at the Stockholm University School of Business and visiting professor at the University of Luxembourg. His research has focused on market strategy development and implementation and is currently concentrated on the international expansion of European rms in Asia and the global entertainment economy.

Leigh Sparks
Leigh is professor of retail studies at the Institute for Retail Studies, University of Stirling, Scotland. He has researched and published extensively on aspects http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 of retailing and distribution and at Stirling teaches sports marketing.

Constantino Stavros
Constantino is a senior academic in the School of Economics, Finance & Marketing at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia. He has published widely in academic, practitioner, and public outlets, and has taught sport marketing in both Australia and Europe.

Kamilla Swart
Kamilla is a senior lecturer/researcher and director of the Centre for Tourism Research in Africa (CETRA), Cape Peninsula University of Technology. She has researched and published extensively in the areas of sport and event tourism, with a specic focus on the 2010 FIFA Soccer World Cup and event evaluations. Her manuscripts have been published in the Journal of Sport Tourism, Visions in Leisure and Business, Third World Quarterly, and Politikon, amongst others, and she coauthored the rst U.S. text on sport tourism in 2002.

Stefan Szymanski
Stefan is a graduate of the University of Oxford, Hertford College, where he gained a rst degree in politics, philosophy, and economics. He began his

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teaching career at London Business School before moving to Imperial College in 1993. He is professor of economics at Cass Business School, City University London. Stefan is also an economics professor and is widely acknowledged as one of Europes leading sports economists.

Linda Trenberth
Linda is senior lecturer in management at Birkbeck, University of London. Linda works in a range of areas but in the sport management area has contributed to and coedited the rst and only texts in sport management in New Zealand in 1994, 1999, and again in 2006. She also edited a text Managing the Business of Sport published in the United Kingdom in 2004, which is about to be revised, and has published in the area of sports marketing. Her other research interests include issues around the management of the employee-employer relationships; HRM and organizational http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 performance; women in management; and work stress, leisure, and health. Linda is a codirector of the Birkbeck Sport Business Centre.

Paul Turner
Paul is a senior lecturer and discipline coordinator for sport management within the School of Management and Marketing at Deakin University in Melbourne, Australia. His scholarly interests are in the areas of sport media (particularly sport broadcasting) and facility and event management.

Ignacio Urrutia
Ignacio is dean of the social science faculty of Nebrija University Madrid, Spain. His interests cover a wide range of business issues including control and sport management. He currently focuses his research on the link between the strategic goals of sports clubs and their implementation. He is a member of the international faculty of IESE Business Schools Centre for Sport Business Management (CSBM) and has lectured at Carlos III University and Instituto de Empresa.

Jos Verschueren
Jos is programme director of sports management at Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Brussels Free University). He is also founder of the Sport Management Knowledge Centre at the same university. He has over 15 years of consulting

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and academic business experience in sports marketing and communication, sports partnership branding, sports business, and management. In 1995, he started Com Together-Sports & Communication (Lennik-Brussels) as a spinoff of his academic activities. He serves a broad range of clients in developing corporate sports partnership strategies (e.g., Siemens), forging cross-brands sports alliances (e.g., Belgian Olympic and Interfederal Committee), and enhancing performance through sports partnership effectiveness (e.g., National Lottery). He holds university degrees from Hogeschool-Universiteit Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen in the Netherlands, and Universite de Lausanne in Switzerland.

Geoff Walters
Geoff is a lecturer in the Department of Management at Birkbeck, University of London, and a co-director of the Birkbeck Sport Business Centre. A http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 University of Manchester, he graduate of Lancaster University and the completed his Ph.D. at Birkbeck in 2007, examining corporate governance in the football industry. His current research focuses on governance and regulation in sport and corporate social responsibility.

Ruiqi Zhou
Ruiqi is associate professor of English at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Peoples Republic of China. Her main research interest is business English teaching. She is the coeditor of International Trade Practice (published by University of International Business and Economics Press), Business Etiquette in English, and A Dictionary of English Synonyms and Antonyms (both published by Sun Yet-Sen University Press).

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Foreword
Football is often referred to as the global game and is all-pervasive across most parts of the world. Indeed, countless people play the game, talk about it, and generally organise their leisure time around it. Alongside this, football has progressed from being a ritual and a celebration to become an amateur sport, a professional sport, and now, increasingly, a commercial sport. This means that football in many countries now faces a distinctive set of challenges. In particular, this includes reconciling the history and traditions of the game with the commercial opportunities and problems posed by the http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 twenty-rst century. Managing Football: An International Perspective therefore sets out to examine football in this context. It is recognised that football has a proud, noble heritage as a cultural asset that is worth preserving. However, the underlying premise of the book is that football today faces a future that increasingly requires people involved in, or associated with, the sport to adopt a professional, strategic, and sometimes commercially focused approach to the administration of the institutions that make up what we might describe as the football industry. As such, the book is not necessarily a celebration of the history and traditions of football or of the increasing commercialisation of it. Rather, it aims to identify and analyse the most important matters facing managers in the football industry in all its facets. It is important to note that this, in part, refers to the people who manage teams of 11 players: the coach, the director of football, and the team manager. Yet, the book focuses much more on management off the eld of play. While this inevitably has a link to what happens in football matches, we clearly focus here on issues such as sound business practice, the technological environment in which football clubs operate, the successful marketing of football, and managing football in an international and global context. In essence, therefore, we aim to ensure that readers will have a better understanding of the administration of the football industry, and the institutions within it, after reading this book.

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xxiv

Foreword

The book is essentially split into two sections: The rst deals with the application of mainstream management disciplines to football, as well as consideration of those challenges that are highly specic to, or distinctive in, football. While there are certain aspects of management that all industries and activities sharedfor instance, managing scarce resourcesdfootball faces some key challenges that others do not. These include issues of competition structure, the particular nature of fandom, and the debt levels facing many clubs. In the second section of the book, the global nature of the sport is acknowledged. It includes chapters that examine contemporary football management issues in countries as diverse as England, Australia, Mexico, and South Africa. Throughout this section of the book, the intention has been to highlight the simultaneous similarities and differences that are evident in a selection of countries in which football is played and watched around the world. Our ultimate hope is that readers will enjoy this book and nd it useful for http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=26021 many reasons. At the very least, because the book is about football, it is anticipated that people will be able to gain an even stronger insight into a sport of which many already have an extensive knowledge. It is nevertheless also anticipated that the book will help contribute to developments in practice and knowledge in the area of the business management of the football industry in all its dimensions and will be of interest not only to students studying sports management but to management practitioners in all areas of the games administration and related industries.

Sean Hamil and Simon Chadwick July 2009

Chapter extract

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