Ecological Niche

In ecology, a niche is a term describing the relational position of a species or population in its ecosystem to each other; e.g. a dolphin could potentially be in another ecological niche from one that travels in a different pod if the members of these pods utilize significantly different food resources and foraging methods.[1] A shorthand definition of niche is how an organism makes a living. The ecological niche describes how an organism or population responds to the distribution of resources and competitors and how it in turn alters those same factors "Ecological community" redirects here. For human community organized around economic and ecological sustainability, see ecovillage. Interspecific interactions such aspredation are a key aspect of community ecology.

Ecological Community
In ecology, a community is an assemblage of two or more populations of different species occupying the same geographical area. The term community has a variety of uses. In its simplest form it refers to groups of organisms in a specific place and/or time, for example, "the fish community of Lake Ontario before industrialization". Community ecologists study the interactions between species in communities on many spatial and temporal scales, including the distribution, structure, abundance,demography, and interactions between coexisting populations.[1] The primary focus of community ecology is on the interactions between populations as determined by specific genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. Community ecology has its origin in European plant sociology. Modern community ecology examines patterns such as variation in species richness, equitability, productivity and food web structure (see community structure; it also examines processes such as predator-prey population dynamics, succession, and community assembly. On a deeper level the meaning and value of the community concept in ecology is up for debate. Communities have traditionally been understood on a fine scale in terms of local processes constructing (or destructing) an assemblage of species, such as the way climate change is likely to affect the make-up of grass communities.[2] Recently this local community focus has been criticised. Robert Ricklefs has argued that it's more useful to think of communities on a regional scale, drawing on evolutionarytaxonomy and biogeography,[1] where some species or clades evolve and others go extinct.[3]

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Population Ecology is a major sub-field of ecology that deals with the dynamics
of species populations and how these populations interact with the environment.[1] The first journal publication of the Society of Population Ecology, titled Population Ecology (originally called Researches on Population Ecology), was released in 1952.[1] Population ecology is concerned with the study of groups of organisms that live together in time and space. One of the first laws of population ecology is the Thomas Malthus' exponential law of population growth.[2] This law states that: "...a population will grow (or decline) exponentially as long as the environment experienced by all individuals in the population remains constant.