I.

INTRODUCTION
Plant propagation is the process of creating new plants from a variety of sources: seeds, cuttings, bulbs and other plant parts. Seeds and spores can be used for reproduction (through e.g. sowing). Seeds are typically produced from sexual reproduction within a species, because genetic recombination has occurred plants grown from seeds may have different characteristics from its parents. Plant propagation is one of the most important activities in plant raising for it is very important in producing new plants based on different ways, procedures and strategies.

II. GOAL
Grow a plant using the newly learned concept in the Biology Class

III. PROBLEM
How to grow a tomato plant through germinating its seeds under certain conditions?

IV. INITIAL RESEARCH

Seed germination is a process by which a seed embryo develops into a seedling. It involves the reactivation of the metabolic pathways that lead to growth and the emergence of the radicle or seed root and plumule or shoot. The emergence of the seedling above the soil surface is the next phase of the plant's growth and is called seedling establishment. Three fundamental conditions must exist before germination can occur. (1) The embryo must be alive, called seed viability. (2) Any dormancy requirements that prevent germination must be overcome. (3) The proper environmental conditions must exist for germination.

V. HYPOTHESIS
The tomato seed will germinate if it satisfies the factors affecting seed germination: proper soil, right amount of moisture, amount of light, oxygen and proper temperature.

VI. EXPERIMENT
A. MATERIALS 1. Tomato seeds tomato are propagated not through its fruits but through its seeds. Its seeds can be acquired from its fruit (tomato). It is the product of the ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant. 2. Soil loam or garden soil or humus that is what we need to grow the tomato seed. First, it provides most of the nutrients plants need. Secondly, humus contains a range of microorganisms that break down plant waste and help roots absorb nutrients from the soil. 3. Container there must also be a container for the plants. It must have a hole under so that the water can move freely. Proper coatiner is also very important I plant growth.

TOMATO SEEDS ACQUIRED FROM A RIPE TOMATO

SOIL IN A CONTAINER WITH HOLES UNDER

B. OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING PLANT GROWTH 1. MOISTURE the plant needs proper amount of water. Water is essential to plant life. To survive, plants need water, as well as nutrients, which are absorbed by the roots from the soil. Water is transported throughout the plant almost continuously to keep its vital processes working 2. TEMPERATURE the plant must be in proper temperature to grow. Not too hot, not too cold. The temperature will greatly influence how the plant grows and how it develops. 3. LIGHT the plant also needs light particularly sunlight. They need it especially when the cotyledons start to disappear. They need it to make their own food.

4. OXYGEN the plants need proper amount of oxygen also because it is very importance in the respiration process. It is also very important for the plant to have a good growth for it is needed in food making process. C. PROCEDURES 1. Start by getting tomato seeds form fresh ripe tomatoes. Let it dry first before planting it on the soil. 2. After they dried up, plant it on a loam soil. We may plant the tomato two to three inches below the soil but it could also be good even if we plant it above the soil. 3. Since, the tomato plant is not yet germinating, place it in safe, shady place. The seeds do not need too much amount of light first. It must also be having proper amount of moisture. For the seed to germinate, it must also be in a right temperature (not so cold, not so hot). 4. Continue preserving the moisture of the soil for the seeds to germinate. Approximately after 2 - 3 days, the seeds will start to germinate. 5. When the seeds start to germinate, still continue preserving the proper conditions. The plant will start to have its cotyledons that will serve as its nutrientprovider. 6. When the cotyledons start to disappear, it needs to receive proper amount of light, so place the plant in a safe place where it can receive proper amount of light. It must also receive proper amount of oxygen and proper temperature. 7. Continue taking care of the plants. Always make it sure that the plant is in proper condition. 8. When the submission is near, transplant the healthiest plant that grew the best of all properly in a proper container. Be able to transplant it safely so that it will continue to live.

VII. RESULTS, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

DATE OBSERVATIONS PICTURE

The seeds were planted in the soil. 8-23 (PLANTING DAY) 1. The seeds are in moist soil 2. The seeds were not subjected to too much sunlight to wait for it to germinate These conditions must be present in the plant for it to germinate properly.

The seeds started to germinate 8-25 (two days after) 1. The plant to have the little white thing This marks the start of the plant germination. The white thing emerging from the seed will make you sure that the seed had germinated.

9-3 (11 days after)

Cotyledon leaves started to appear in one of the plant. (1.1 inches) These cotyledon leaves will serve as the nutrient provider of the plant until the plant can be able to produce its own food.

True leaves started to appear (2.3 inches) 9-10 (18 days later) This signals that the plant needs to have proper sunlight, air and temperature for it needs to produce is own food. The plant also needs to be taken care properly to grow taller and healthier.

9-17 (25 days later)

The plant grew taller and developed more leaves. (3.5 inches) The plant needs to be taken care still for it to grow taller and healthier. The plant must receive proper sunlight, moisture, air and temperature for it to make its own food.

This table shows that proper condition must be present in the seed for it to germinate properly. The viability of the seed is greatly dependent on the external and internal conditions. When the seed started to germinate, take care properly the plant so that it grows properly. Well grown plant will give us good result. Thus, the table shows that proper attitude in dealing with the tomato plant is needed for it to grow.

VII. CONCLUSION
Indeed, the tomato seed grew properly in a place where the right condition is attained. These conditions: soil, moisture, air, temperature and light is very important in making the plant grow properly. Seed germination is a very delicate procedure. It needs our full effort and cooperation. In the experiment, some seeds may not have grown as healthy as one of the plants mainly because some of them did not receive proper amount of sunlight and nutrients from the soil. Thus, it showed that plants must be treated equally and properly. Indeed, for us to be able to grow seeds and plants, we must consider them as our brother also. Thus, plant propagation through seed germination is a very complicated way that needs our efforts. Nothing can be impossible if we give our very best in taking care of the plants.

SOURCES AND REFERENCES:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_propagation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_%28seed%29#Seed_germination http://www.doityourself.com/stry/the-importance-of-humus-soil-for-plant-fertility http://www.ehow.com/about_5240957_importance-water-plants.html http://www.ehow.com/how_2362848_plant-tomato-plant.html http://www.ehow.com/about_6376961_cotyledon-tomato-plant-falling-off_.html http://www.rollitup.org/newbie-central/6780-planting-germinated-seeds.html http://www.gardenersnet.com/atoz/planting.htm http://www.ehow.com/facts_7857649_white-fungus-germinating-seeds.html textbook (Breaking Through Biology) page 472