GMDSS

GlobalMaritimeDistressand SafetySystem
PT. Kresna Adikarsa

Background:
Rapid development of digital and satellite technology has made it possible to significantly improve the Safety Of Life At Sea (SOLAS). In 1979, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) decided a new global distress and safety system should be established using the latest technologies.
Baground
2

GlobalMaritimeDistressand SafetySystem
GMDSS is a tiered communications system using multiple technologies GMDSS includes sea, land, air, and space based hardware The equipment requirements increase as distance from land; and Search and Rescue (SAR) assistance increases
Term

GMDSSFunctionalRequirements
Transmit Ship-to-shore distress alerts by two separate and independent means using a different radio communication service Receive ship-to-shore distress alerts Transmit and receive ship-to-ship distress alerts Transmit and receive SAR coordinating communications
FunctionalRequirements
4

GMDSSFunctionalRequirements
Transmitting and receiving on-scene communications Transmitting and receiving signals for locating Transmitting and receiving maritime safety information Transmitting and receiving general communications Transmitting and receiving bridge-to-bridge communications
FunctionalRequirements
5

SEAAREA
Sea Area A1 an area within the radiotelephone coverage of at least one VHF coast station in which continuous DSC coverage is available Sea Area A2 an area excluding A1, within the radio telephone coverage of at least one MF coast station in which continuous DSC coverage is available
Sea Area

SEAAREA
Sea Area A3 an area, excluding sea areas A1 and A2, within the coverage of an INMARSAT geostationary satellite in which continuous alerting is available Sea Area A4 an area, excluding sea areas A1, A2, and A3, (polar regions above 75 deg. North latitude and below 75 deg. South latitude; and outside of INMARSAT coverage)
Sea Area

 AMMSI,MobileMarineStationIdentificationnumber (requiredforDSC)canbeobtainedconcurrentlyvia applicationforaShipsRadioLicense.Recommended ID Programmed Ex: 525 005 008 MF/HFRADIO VHFRADIO EPIRB INMARSATC
MMSI

GeneralEquipment VHF+contDSC MF/HF+contDSC SART NAVTEX Inmarsat(EGC) EPIRB TwowayVHF Range

Sea Area

A1
25NM

Area A2 A3
25100 Bellow NM 70deg

A4
POLAR

SBM

Shore Based Maintenance

VHFRADIO
VeryHighFrequency GeneralcommunicationCh 16(ITU) PilotcommunicationCh 12 Voicecommunication(simplex),ShoretoShip, ShiptoShip Range>=25NM DigitalSelectiveCalling(DSC)viaChannel70 LowPower:125W
VHF Radio

MF/HFRADIO
Medium/HighFrequency Range:Overtheworldarea VoiceCommunication(Simplex):Shoreto Ship,ShiptoShip DigitalSelectiveCalling(DSC)viaChannel70 NarrowBandDirectPrinting(NBDP) HighPower:150,250,500kW
MF/HF Radio

EPIRB

EPIRB

EPIRB
COSPAS SpaceSystemforSearchofDistressVessels(a Russianacronym) SARSAT SearchandRescueSatelliteAidedTracking Frequency406kHzand121,5kHz Unique15hexa ID(IDprogrammed)
EPIRB

EPIRB
IncaseActivated,willbesendShipsID: MMSI ShipsName Epirb UniqueID ShipsLocation(latitude/longitude) Normally1unitonboard Locatedoutsideofbridge(floatfree) AutomaticActivated(deepover4m) Solas Requirement:AnnualPerformance Test
EPIRB

NAVTEX
Navigation Telex Automatic Receive forecast information from shore station

NAVTEX

2WAYVHF
InternalCommunication,shipto shorestation Handhelddevice/portable Solas requirement:Shouldbe3 setonboard Solas requirement:3backup battery Lesspower:1W
TWO way VHF

INMARSAT
Satellitecommunication INMCisfulfillGMDSSrequirement Email(dataonly) ReceiveEGC(EnhancedGroupCalling) Distressfunction ShipSecurityAlertsystem(SSAS) VesselMonitoringSystem(VMS) LongRangeIndicatingandTracking(LRIT) Morefasterandreliablethanradio(NBDP)
Inmarsat

INMARSAT
InmarsatA:providedvoiceservices,telex services,mediumspeedfax/dataservicesand, optionally,highspeeddataservicesat56or 64kbit/s.Theservicewaswithdrawnatthe endof2007. InmarsatB:providesvoiceservices,telex services,mediumspeedfax/dataservicesat 9.6kbit/sandhighspeeddataservicesat56, 64or128kbit/s. InmarsatC:Thisisatextmessageservice. CertainmodelsofInmarsatCterminalsare alsoapprovedforusageintheGMDSS system, equippedwithGPS.Thisequipmentis expensive,(>$10,000)andbulky.Itisclearly intendedforcommercialapplications.
Type of Inmarsat

INMARSAT
InmarsatE:AglobalmaritimedistressalertingserviceusingsmallFloat FreeEmergencyPositionIndicatingRescueBeacon(EPIRB)that automaticallyrelayeddistressmessagestomaritimeRescueCoordination Centers.Thisservicehasbeenwithdrawn. Monitoringwillbe discontinued1Feb.2009 InmarsatM:INMARSATMisthefirstgenerationsatellitephoneservice. Itprovidesvoiceservicesat4.8kbit/sandmediumspeedfax/dataservices at2.4kbit/s.ItpavedthewaytowardsInmarsatMiniM. MiniM:TheMiniMisacompact,lightweightsatellitephonewithalong batterylife(48hourstandbyand2.5hour'talk'time).providesvoice servicesat4.8kbit/sandmediumspeedfax/dataservicesat2.4kbit/s. Fleet:nextgenerationofinmarsatM,providethevoiceservice(4.8kB), Fax(9.6kB)andDatamediumspeed(64kB)orhighspeed(128kB) Type of Inmarsat

SART
ToLocateshipsPositionwhentransmitted OneormoreSARTsarerequiredonCompulsory Vesselsdependingonvesselsizeandusage. Locatedonbridgeportandstarboardside ASARTisacombinationradarreceiverand transmitter.WhenthereceiverdetectsanX bandradartransmission(UHFbetween9.2and 9.5gHz)fromashiporaircraft,itwillactivateits internaltransmitterandbroadcastaseriesof12 dotsleadingtothepositionoftheSARTwithagap of0.6nm. ManualActivated
Sart

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